JP2013056677A - Container conforming to iso standard - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a container into which a cargo can be loaded and unloaded with high work efficiency and which satisfies conditions of strength specified in ISO standards.SOLUTION: The container 1 is configured in such a manner that the side of each rear door 3B which is located opposite to the vicinity of the center of the rear door 3B is mounted to a square pipe 11 with hinges 6c, the square pipe 11 is integrally joined to a square pipe 10 which is thicker than the square pipe 11 and forms a pillar of a cargo room which is located at the side of the cargo room 5 at which the rear door is provided, and both a surface of the square pipe 11 corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo room 5, and a surface of the square pipe 10 corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo room 5 are flush with each other and form a part of a side surface of the cargo room 5.

Description

  The present invention relates to a container conforming to the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standard.

  A container that complies with the ISO standard satisfies a predetermined external dimension, a predetermined total gross weight, a predetermined strength condition, and the like defined by the ISO standard. This enables efficient container transportation, such as the ability to stack a number of containers of the same shape during sea or land transportation, and also provides cargo maintenance and cargo transportation by having a predetermined strength. The safety of the ship or vehicle is ensured. Further, in a container conforming to the ISO standard, there is only one door on one side of two surfaces along the short direction of the container. Hereinafter, this is referred to as a rear door.

  On the other hand, apart from containers conforming to the ISO standard, as seen in Patent Document 1, for example, emphasis is placed on workability when loading and unloading cargo, and in addition to the rear door described above, the door is placed in the longitudinal direction of the container. Some have two sides along one or both sides. Hereinafter, this is referred to as a side door. According to this, when it is desired to carry in / out a predetermined cargo, it is possible to open the side door nearest to the cargo and carry in / out only the cargo or a small number of cargo around the cargo.

EP1136291A1

  As described above, in the container conforming to the ISO standard, the door used for loading and unloading the cargo is only one place of the rear door. In this case, it is difficult to carry out only the cargo in the innermost part of the container conforming to the ISO standard (the place in the foremost side opposite to the rear door), and it is in front of the cargo in the innermost part. Unless almost all cargo is unloaded, the desired cargo cannot be unloaded. Also, if you have forgotten to load the cargo that should originally be loaded in the innermost part (frontmost part), it is difficult to load it in the innermost part if other cargo has already been loaded. It is. However, since the container conforming to the ISO standard is configured by the panel member of the wall surface except for the rear door, the predetermined strength condition defined by the ISO standard can be easily satisfied.

  On the other hand, although the container of patent document 1 has the high workability | operativity in the case of carrying in / out of cargo by presence of a side door, the opening part for attaching a side door is large and compared with the container prescribed | regulated by the ISO standard. The strength is low and the ISO standard may not be met.

  Thus, good workability and strength at the time of loading and unloading cargo in the container are in a trade-off relationship.

  The present invention has been made under such a background, and conforms to the ISO standard that can satisfy the strength conditions defined in the ISO standard while maintaining good workability when loading and unloading cargo. The objective is to provide a compliant container.

  The container of the present invention includes a cargo compartment in which cargo is loaded, a side door comprising a pair of doors that are provided on a side surface in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment and open from side to side from near the center in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment, A container conforming to ISO standards having at least a rear door consisting of a pair of doors that open from side to side from the central part in the short side direction of the room, and the side opposite to the central part of the rear door is a hinge The first square pipe is integrated with the second square pipe constituting the pillar of the cargo compartment on the side having the rear door, which is thicker than the first square pipe. The surface corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo chamber of the first square pipe and the surface corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo chamber of the second square pipe are on the same plane and are one side surface of the cargo chamber. The part is formed.

  Furthermore, one end of a member constituting the upper frame in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment is joined to the upper portion of the second square pipe, and the other end of the member constituting the upper frame is a pillar constituting the front portion of the cargo compartment The member constituting the upper frame is joined to the front and rear two members in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment, and the member constituting the upper frame is a container. It is preferable that the component state has a warp in the direction corresponding to the upper direction in the state where it is assembled to the container so that it becomes almost straight due to its own weight in the state where it is assembled.

  According to the present invention, a container conforming to the ISO standard (hereinafter simply referred to as a container) capable of satisfying the strength condition defined in the ISO standard while maintaining good workability when loading and unloading cargo. Can provide.

It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the vehicle with which the container which concerns on embodiment of this invention was mounted | worn from the side. It is the figure which looked at the container of FIG. 1 from the side. It is a figure which expands and shows a part of side surface of the container of FIG. It is the figure which looked at the container of FIG. 2 from the upper surface. It is the figure which looked at the attachment structure of a rear door from the upper surface, and is a figure which shows the state by which the rear door is closed. It is the figure which looked at the attachment structure of a rear door from the upper surface, and is a figure which shows the state by which the rear door is open | released. It is a figure which shows the opening part which removed the door of the container. It is a perspective view of the container of the state which removed the door. It is a figure which shows the upper frame which comprises a cargo compartment. It is a figure explaining the camber of the upper frame which comprises a cargo compartment. It is a figure which shows the state which opened the door of the container of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rear door vicinity in the case of having one square pipe as a comparative example, and is a figure which shows the state in which the rear door is closed. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rear door vicinity in the case of having one square pipe as a comparative example, and is a figure which shows the state by which the rear door is open | released.

(Regarding the configuration of the container 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention)
The configuration of the container 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a vehicle 2 on which a container 1 is mounted is viewed from the side. FIG. 2 is a side view of the container 1 (a view showing only the container 1 in FIG. 1). FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a part of the container 1 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a view of the container 1 as viewed from above. In addition, in the top view like FIG. 4, the state which abbreviate | omitted illustration of the ceiling panel and the corner metal fitting 4 is shown in order to make the state of the side door 3 and the rear door 3B easy to understand.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the container 1 is carried on a vehicle 2 or a ship (not shown). Here, a 40 ft (feet) container conforming to the so-called ISO standard will be described. The 40 ft container conforming to the ISO standard has an external dimension of 9 ft 6 in (inch) (2896 mm (millimeters)) × width 8 ft (2438 mm) × length 40 ft (12192 mm) and a maximum total mass of 30480 kg (kg). .

  The container 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped cargo compartment 5 as shown in FIGS. Corner metal fittings 4 are disposed at the corners of the cargo compartment 5. The side wall 3 that forms the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment 5 has a side door 3, and the rear part is located on one of the two side walls in the short direction perpendicular to the side wall in the longitudinal direction (the side facing the rear of the vehicle 2). It has a door 3B. The side door 3 includes small doors 3R-1 and 3L-1 and small doors 3R-2 and 3L-2. The small doors 3R-2 and 3L-2 are attached to the main body of the container 1 by a hinge 6a so as to be freely opened and closed. Further, the small door 3R-1 and the small door 3R-2, and the small door 3L-1 and the small door 3L-2 are rotatably connected by a hinge 6b. Further, the rear door 3B is attached to the main body of the container 1 so as to be freely opened and closed by a hinge 6c. As shown in FIG. 2, the length L1 in the longitudinal direction of the small doors 3L-1, 3R-1 is shorter than the length L2 in the longitudinal direction of the small doors 3L-2, 3R-2.

  The small doors 3R-1 and 3L-1 are provided with a locking part 7a, the small doors 3R-2 and 3L-2 are provided with a locking part 7b, and the rear door 3B is provided with a locking part 7c. Is provided. The locking portions 7a, 7b and 7c fix the small doors 3R-1, 3L-1, 3R-2, 3L-2 and the rear door 3B to the frame of the cargo compartment 5 when they are closed. Is. The configuration of the locking portions 7a and 7b will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, since the latching | locking part 7c is the same structure as the latching | locking part 7a, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the locking portion 7a includes a cam 70a, a cam guide 71a, bearings 72 and 73, a locking bar 74, a handle 75a, a handle receiving portion 76a, and a handle rotating portion 77a. The cams 70a are formed at both ends of the locking bar 74, and are rotated together with the locking bar 74 to be fitted with or released from the cam guides 71a attached to the cargo compartment 5. At this time, the locking bar 74 is manually rotated by the user moving the handle 75a in the horizontal direction (depth direction in the figure). When the side door 3 is closed, the cam 70a is engaged with the cam guide 71a in a state where the handle 75a is placed on the handle receiving portion 76a.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the basic structure of the locking portion 7b is the same as that of the locking portion 7a. However, the cam 70b, the cam guide 71b, the handle 75b, the handle receiving portion 76b, And the attachment position of the handle | steering-wheel rotation part 77b differs from the latching | locking part 7a. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the handle receiver 76a of the locking portion 7a is mounted on the small door 3L-1, and the positions of the handle 75a and the handle rotating portion 77a are on the small door 3L-1. At the bottom. On the other hand, the handle receiving portion 76b of the locking portion 7b is attached to the outer wall of the cargo compartment 5, and the positions of the handle 75b and the handle rotating portion 77b are in the lower part outside the small door 3L-2. Accordingly, the mounting positions of the cam 70b and the cam guide 71b are also lowered further below the cam 70a and the cam guide 71a.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of hinges 6a that rotatably support the small door 3L-2 and the cargo compartment 5 are adjacent to each other at the uppermost and lowermost portions of the small door 3L-1, and the hinge group 60, 61 are formed. The same applies to the hinge 6a between the other small door 3R-2 and the cargo compartment 5 (not shown).

(Regarding the rear door 3B of the container 1 and the square pipes 10, 11)
Next, the rear door 3B and the square pipes 10 and 11 of the container 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 show the configuration of the rear part of the container 1, and the rear door 3B, the hinge 6c, the square pipes 10 and 11, and the side panel 12 are illustrated. Further, the hinge 6 c is configured by a support portion 60, a stay 61, and a rotation pin 62. The support part 60 is welded to the square pipe 11. A stay 61 is attached to the support portion 60 by a rotation pin 62. The stay 61 is welded to the rear door 3B. The stay 61 rotates about the rotation pin 62 as an axis. Thereby, the rear door 3B is opened and closed with the rotation pin 62 as an axis.

  The square pipe 10 is one of a plurality of pillars (pillars) constituting the cargo compartment 5. A side panel 12 of the cargo compartment 5 is joined to the square pipe 10. Further, the square pipe 11 is joined to the square pipe 10. The square pipe 11 is a thin pipe compared to the square pipe 10, and the support portion 60 of the hinge 6c is joined thereto. The surface of the square pipe 10 corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo chamber 5 and the surface of the square pipe 11 corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo chamber 5 are on the same plane and form part of the side surface of the cargo chamber 5. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the rear door 3B is opened from the state of FIG.

(About the opening 30 and 30B of the container 1)
The lower diagram of FIG. 7 shows the openings 30 and 30B from which the side door 3 and the rear door 3B of the container 1 in the upper diagram of FIG. 7 are removed. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the container 1 with the side door 3 and the rear door 3B removed. The side door 3 and the rear door 3B are attached to the openings 30 and 30B. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the container 1 has openings 30, 30B for attaching the side door 3 and the rear door 3B. 7 shows the container 1 having the side door 3 and the rear door 3B in the cargo compartment 5, and the lower part of FIG. 7 shows the openings 30, 30B from which the side door 3 and the rear door 3B are removed. Show. In addition, the ratio [(L12 / L11) × 100] (%) of the length L12 of the opening 30 that appears when the side door 3 is opened to the total length L11 of the container 1 is referred to as an opening ratio. The corner bracket 4 is for joining the frames and the pillars constituting the container 1 to each other by welding, and slightly protrudes from the full length, full width, and full height of the cargo chamber 5. Therefore, the total length of the container 1 for calculating the aperture ratio described later does not need to include the protruding portion of the corner bracket 4. Therefore, in the following, when calculating the aperture ratio, 12000 mm is adopted as the total length (L11 described later) of the container 1.

  The larger the opening ratio is, the lower the strength of the container 1 is. However, it is known that the opening ratio up to 95% is within an allowable range that can satisfy the strength defined in the ISO standard ( (See Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-064906). In addition, if the opening ratio is less than 60%, it takes a pallet moving distance of two or more pallets to carry in and out of the pallet, and the workability is remarkably reduced. Therefore, it is appropriate to set the lower limit of the opening ratio to 60%. is there. Therefore, the maximum range that the aperture ratio can take is 60% to 95%. Note that the pallet is assumed to be a flat pallet for consistent transportation conforming to JIS Z0105 standard, and the dimensions are 1100 mm long × 1100 mm wide × 144 mm high. However, in consideration of the actual usage situation of the container 1, considering the vibration during the transportation of the container 1, the opening ratio is assumed to be within 90% even in consideration of the actual usage situation of the container 1 up to 90%. Is appropriate. Furthermore, when the opening ratio is 75% or more, the pallet moving distance of less than two pallets is sufficient for loading and unloading the pallet, and the workability of loading and unloading the pallet is improved. Therefore, it is appropriate that the aperture ratio is 75% to 90%.

  Further, panel members of wall surfaces 13F and 13R are arranged on both sides of the opening 30 in the longitudinal direction. Since there is no door in the front part of the container 1, strength can be ensured compared to the rear part having the opening 30B of the rear door 3B. Therefore, the area of the wall surface 13F may be smaller than the area of the wall surface 13R. However, in order to reduce the number of parts of the container 1, it is preferable to use the same panel member on the wall surfaces 13F and 13R. Therefore, here, the areas of the wall surfaces 13F and 13R are equal left and right.

(About camber of upper frame 41)
As shown in FIG. 9, an upper frame 41 of the cargo compartment 5 is joined between the square pipe 10 constituting the opening 30 </ b> B of the rear door 3 </ b> B and the pillar 40 at the front portion of the cargo compartment 5. Further, the upper frame 41 is joined with columns 42 and 43 that support the side door 3 via a hinge 6a. The upper part of FIG. 10 shows the upper frame 41 in a component state. The lower diagram of FIG. 10 shows the upper frame 41 in a state immediately before being assembled to the container 1. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper frame 41 has a direction corresponding to the upper side in the state of being assembled to the container 1 in the upper part state of FIG. 10 so that the upper frame 41 becomes almost straight due to its own weight in the state of being assembled to the container 1. Have warpage. 10 is a state immediately before the upper frame 41 is assembled to the container 1. For example, the upper frame 41 suspended from the ceiling by a hoist type overhead crane is placed on the upper part of the container 1. State. Thereafter, when the hoist type overhead crane is separated from the upper frame 41, the upper frame 41 is substantially straightened by its own weight in a state where it is assembled to the container 1, as shown in FIG. In the upper example of FIG. 10, the warp angle Δθ ° is referred to as a camber angle. This also causes a deviation of ΔH upward from the horizontal position in the vicinity of the center of the upper frame 41. Δθ ° is about 3 ° to 5 °, for example, and ΔH is about several centimeters, for example.

(Regarding opening and closing of the side door 3 and the rear door 3B of the container 1)
The opening / closing mechanism of the side door 3 and the rear door 3B of the container 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 11, illustration of the latching | locking part 7a, 7b, 7c is abbreviate | omitted. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the door of the container 1 is opened. As shown in FIG. 11, the side door 3 and the rear door 3B of the container 1 are opened and closed by hinges 6a, 6b, 6c, and the small doors 3R-1, 3R-2, 3L-1, 3L-2 are hinges 6 as shown in FIG. It is a structure folded by. In addition, in FIG. 11, about the small door 3L-2, the state which is not opened is shown.

(About effect)
In the container 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the rear door 3B is attached to the square pipe 11 via a hinge 6c, and the square pipe 11 is thicker than the square pipe 11 and has the rear door 3B. Since it is joined so as to be integrated with the square pipe 10 that constitutes the pillar of the rear door 3B, the opening 30B of the rear door 3B and the opening 30 of the side door 3 are both present. ) Will be strengthened. Thereby, the rigidity of the rear part of the cargo compartment 5 can be improved.

  Furthermore, the surface of the square pipe 11 corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo chamber 5 and the surface of the square pipe 10 corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo chamber 5 are on the same plane and form part of the side surface of the cargo chamber 5. To do. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the rear door 3 </ b> B is arranged so as to be adjacent to the square pipe 11, and the hinge 6 c is arranged outside to the surface forming the side surface of the cargo chamber 5 of the square pipe 11. Thus, it is possible to increase the opening angle when the rear door 3B is opened. As a result, the space for loading and unloading cargo into the cargo compartment 5 can be reduced.

  As a comparative example, FIGS. 12 and 13 show a configuration for attaching the rear door 3B when the square pipe 11 is not used. As shown in FIG. 12, when the square pipe 11 is not used, the hinge 6 c is directly attached to the square pipe 10. At this time, the thickness of the square pipe 10 cannot be made as thin as that of the square pipe 11 in order to ensure its strength. For this reason, the attachment position of the hinge 6c must be a position as shown in FIG. That is, the hinge 6c cannot be arranged outside to the surface forming the side surface of the cargo compartment 5. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 13, when the rear door 3B is opened, the stay 61 comes into contact with the square pipe 10, and a sufficient opening angle cannot be obtained. As a result, the space for loading and unloading cargo into the cargo compartment 5 cannot be reduced.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 10, by providing a camber angle on the upper frame 41, it is possible to avoid the vicinity of the center portion of the upper frame 4 from dropping below the horizontal position due to its own weight. Thereby, the side door 3 can be opened and closed smoothly.

(Other embodiments)
Various modifications can be made to the embodiment of the present invention without departing from the gist thereof. The container 1 has been described as being a 40 ft container that conforms to the ISO standard, but may be a container having a length shorter than or equal to that. Furthermore, the configuration of the above-described embodiment may be adopted even for a container that does not conform to the ISO standard. In this case, the vehicle 2 is not limited to a connected vehicle.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Container, 2 ... Vehicle, 3 ... Side door, 3B ... Rear door, Small door ... 3R-1, 3R-2, 3L-1, 3L-2, 5 ... Cargo compartment, 6a, 6b, 6c ... Hinge, 10 (second square pipe), 11 (first square pipe) ... square pipe, 9 ... convex, 41 ... upper frame

Claims (2)

A cargo compartment in which cargo is loaded, a side door comprising a pair of doors which are provided on the side surface in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment and open from side to side from the center in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment, and a short side of the cargo compartment A container conforming to the ISO standard having at least a rear door composed of a pair of doors that open from side to side from the center in the hand direction,
The opposite side of the rear door from the central portion is attached to the first square pipe via a hinge.
The first square pipe is joined to a second square pipe that is thicker than the first square pipe and that forms the pillar of the cargo compartment on the side having the rear door,
The surface corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo chamber of the first square pipe and the surface corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the cargo chamber of the second square pipe are on the same plane and are arranged on the side surface of the cargo chamber. Forming part,
A container characterized by that. The container according to claim 1,
One end of a member constituting the upper frame in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment is joined to the upper portion of the second square pipe, and the other end of the member constituting the upper frame constitutes a front portion of the cargo compartment. Joined to the top of the pillar
The members constituting the upper frame are joined to the front and rear two members in the longitudinal direction of the cargo compartment, with the members supporting the side doors via hinges,
The member constituting the upper frame has a warp in the direction corresponding to the upper direction in the state assembled to the container in the component state so that the member is almost straight due to its own weight in the state assembled to the container.
A container characterized by that.

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