JP2013046646A - House for cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a house for cultivation which prevents incapability of operating a winder due to the freeze of water, collected in a vicinity of the winder, or deformation or breaks of a winding shaft, in a house for cultivation which has a winder for opening or closing a cover or a lining.SOLUTION: In the house for cultivation, there are included: bodies (1 and 1a); covers (2, 2a and 2b), which consist of films or sheets made of synthetic resin and are spread on the bodies (1, 1a); and winders (4, 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d), which include the winding shafts (40) and wind or let out the covers (2, 2a, and 2b) while the winders shift themselves along the winding shafts (40) on the bodies (1 and 1a) or along the bodies (1 and 1a) when the covers (2, 2a, and 2b) open or close. A necessary number of drain ports (21), for draining rain water or condensed water collected in hollows created between the covers (2, 2a and 2b) in a spread state and the covers (2, 2a, and 2b) in a roll state or the winding shafts (40), are provided in the stop positions of the winders (4, 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d).

Description

  The present invention relates to a cultivation house. More specifically, in a cultivation house having a winder that opens and closes a lining formed by stretching a film or sheet made of a synthetic resin on a frame or a lining stretched on a framework, the outer lining or lining above the winder The present invention relates to a cultivation house in which rainwater or condensed water is not accumulated.

2. Description of the Related Art Some cultivated houses for cultivating various crops have a structure in which a light-transmitting film or sheet made of synthetic resin is stretched on a frame such as a frame and a lining is further formed in the house.
In the case where the lining is provided in this way, it is possible to improve the heat retention by providing an air layer between the lining and the lining, but on the other hand, condensed water accumulates on the upper surface of the lining, and the weight or film or sheet There was a problem of damaging crops cultivated below due to falling water due to rupture.

  In order to solve this problem, a perforated film having a large number of holes for draining water is used on the lining of the cultivation house. As an example, for example, there is an agricultural film described in Patent Document 1. There is a house using a perforated film.

  The apertured film for agriculture described in Patent Document 1 has a diameter of 2 to 2 perforated at intervals of 10 to 20 cm in a width of 20 to 100 cm from at least one end in the width direction along the length direction of the synthetic resin film. An opening portion having a hole of 5 mm is provided, and the total area of the opening portion is 5 to 20% of the total area of the film, and the heat retaining properties of agricultural films, particularly house lining films can be maintained. At the same time, condensed water does not accumulate on the film.

JP 2001-211761

However, the cultivation house using the conventional perforated film for agriculture has the following problems.
That is, usually in a cultivation house, the winding shaft itself moves on or along the frame when opening or closing the outer layer or lining in order to adjust the internal temperature by opening and closing the outer layer or lining. However, it is equipped with a winder that winds or feeds the outer and inner linings.
The winder has a winding shaft having the same length as the length of the cultivation house, and at the stop position of the winder, there is a stretched outer lining or an outer lining wound outside the rolled state. Rain water or dew condensation water accumulates in the depression formed between the tension, lining, or winding shaft, and this may freeze, particularly in cold regions, making it impossible to operate the winder.

In addition, since the winding shaft is long, it generally has a structure in which a large number of metal pipes are connected. For this reason, rain water or dew condensation water collected in the vicinity of the take-up shaft as described above enters the inside from the joint portion of the pipe, which may cause corrosion, especially in cold regions, the internal water freezes. Pipes could be deformed or damaged.
However, the conventional cultivating house described in Patent Document 1 has no description of a winder as described above that is generally used, and of course a perforated film that can be used for the winder There is no explanation about the tensioning structure.

(Object of the present invention)
The present invention is a cultivation house having a winder that opens and closes an outer liner or lining formed by spreading a film or sheet made of a synthetic resin on a frame such as a framework, and is wound around the outer lining or lining in a stretched state. By preventing rainwater or dew condensation from accumulating in the depressions formed between the outer roll and lining of the rolled roll or the winding shaft, the winder cannot be operated due to freezing of the accumulated water. An object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation house that prevents the winding shaft from being deformed or damaged.

  Means taken by the present invention to solve the above problems are as follows.

(1) The present invention
A cultivation house having a high central portion and roof portions on both sides lower than the central portion,
A housing having a gate-shaped pipe;
An outer layer made of a synthetic resin film or sheet stretched on the casing;
Have
On both sides in the width direction of the housing,
A winding shaft for fixing an edge of the outer covering with a fixing tool, and the winding shaft itself moves along or along the casing when the outer covering is opened and closed. Equipped with a winder for winding or unwinding,
When the lower side of the outer layer is wound up from the closed position to the open position by the winder and stopped, it is not wound on the unfolded outer layer above the winder. Provided with a water permeable hole for discharging rainwater collected in a recess formed between the outer layer of the rolled outer state,
It is a cultivation house.

(2) The present invention
The cultivation house is provided with a lining frame composed of arched pipes under the roof part in the house, and a synthetic resin film or sheet is extended on the upper surface side of the skeleton to provide a lining. And
On both sides of the lining, there is a winding shaft for fixing the edge of the lining with a fixture, and when the lining is opened and closed, the winding shaft itself moves on or along the skeleton. It is equipped with a winder that winds or feeds the lining while
With the winder, the lower side of the lining was rolled up from the closed position to the open position and stopped, and was wound on the unfolded lining above the winder. Provided with water-permeable holes for discharging condensed water that accumulates in a recess formed between the lining in a roll state,
The cultivation house according to (1).

The term “expansion” in the present specification and claims includes the meaning of expanding (expanding) a film or sheet.
In addition, “outer” and “lining” in the present specification and claims are a film made of a synthetic resin having translucency or a sheet whose thickness is conceptually slightly thicker than the film. It will be. Examples of the material of the synthetic resin film or sheet include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester (PE), polypropylene (PP), and the like.

(Function)
The operation of the cultivation house according to the present invention will be described.
The cultivation house has rainwater or condensation in the recess formed between the stretched outer lining or lining and the rolled outer lining or lining or the winding shaft at the stop position of the winder. Since the required number of water permeable holes for discharging water are provided, rain water or condensed water can be prevented from collecting in the depression.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the winder from being operated due to the freezing of the water accumulated in the depressions and to prevent the winding shaft from being deformed or damaged.

  The house has a lining for the lining, and the lining is provided by horizontally spreading a synthetic resin film or sheet on the skeleton so that condensation does not collect on the entire surface. For example, the crops that are cultivated below are resistant to water dripped from the permeable holes on the lining and are not easily damaged when wet. This is useful when it is difficult for the condensed water to fall, such as when it is not dripped directly into the crop as in vinyl tunnel cultivation. Therefore, the cultivation house can improve the heat retaining property in the house by providing the lining, and can also prevent condensation from accumulating in the lining.

  It is a continuous building type where the greenhouses are connected in the horizontal direction, and drainage troughs are provided in the length direction of the building in the valleys of the outside between each building, and the water permeability provided in the outer layer The hole is provided at a position where at least rainwater accumulated in a hollow formed between the stretched outer layer and the rolled outer layer or the winding shaft can be guided to the drainage basin. It is possible to prevent the operation of rotating the take-up shaft of the winder due to freezing of water and to prevent the take-up shaft from being deformed or damaged by the frozen water inside, Rainwater that has fallen from can be reliably discharged to the required location by the drainage basin.

The present invention is a cultivation house having a winder that opens and closes an outer lining formed by stretching a film or sheet made of a synthetic resin on a casing or an inner lining stretched on a framework, and a stop position of the winder In addition, a required number of water-permeable holes are provided to discharge rainwater or dew condensation collected in the depressions formed between the stretched outer liner or liner and the rolled outer liner or liner or take-up shaft. Therefore, it is possible to prevent rain water or condensed water from collecting in the depression.
As a result, the cultivation house that prevents the operation of rotating the winding shaft of the winder due to the freezing of the water accumulated in the depression, and prevents the winding shaft from being deformed or damaged by the water frozen inside. Can be provided.

The schematic front view which shows embodiment of the single ridge type cultivation house which concerns on this invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view of a P1 portion in FIG. 1. The schematic front view which shows embodiment of the continuous building type cultivation house which concerns on this invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory perspective view of a P2 portion in FIG. 3.

[Embodiment 1]
The present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 for explaining the P1 portion of FIG.

  The single-building type cultivation house A1 has a housing 1 formed of a large number of gate-shaped pipes 10 and pipes 11 connecting them. On the outer surface side of the casing 1, an outer covering 2 is provided by spreading a film made of a synthetic resin (made of polyvinyl chloride in the present embodiment). The outer covering 2 is fastened from the outside by a number of rubber bands 3 stretched between pipes 11 a fixed to both ends of a gate-shaped pipe 10 constituting the casing 1 and fixed to the casing 1. ing.

  Winders 4 are attached to both ends of the pipe 10 in the axial direction of the outer covering 2. The winder 4 has a winding shaft 40 having a length substantially the same as the length of the cultivation house A1, and a handle 41 for manually rotating the winding shaft 40 at both ends of the winding shaft 40 (FIG. 2). Is omitted). On the winding shaft 40, the front end edge of the outer covering 2 is fixed by a fixing tool (not shown).

  Then, the winder 4 is raised by rotating the winding shaft 40 (left rotation in the right winder 4 and right rotation in the left winder 4 in FIG. 1) and winding the outer cover 2. The lower side of the outer covering 2 can be opened. Further, by rotating the winding shaft 40 in the opposite direction to rewinding the outer covering 2, the winder 4 can be lowered and the outer covering 2 can be closed. The winder 4 is held by the band 3 so that it does not fall by its own weight.

  In the outer layer 2, a water permeable hole 21 is provided in a portion not wound up above the winding position (opening position) H <b> 2 when the outer layer 2 is wound up by the winder 4 and the lower side of the outer layer 2 is opened. Are formed at a required interval (see FIG. 2). In this Embodiment, the space | interval of the vertical direction (width direction of the cultivation house A1) of each water-permeable hole 21 is 200 mm, the space | interval of the horizontal direction (length direction of the cultivation house A1) is 200 mm, and the aperture diameter of the water-permeable hole 21 is Although it is set to 4 mm, it is not limited to this and can be set as appropriate.

  Each water-permeable hole 21 is formed by a method in which a hole is formed while the material is heated and melted with a pin-like material heated on the outer covering 2 which is a polyvinyl chloride film. Thereby, since the hole edge part of the water permeable hole 21 is melted by heat and solidifies, the hole edge part is not torn and the outer covering 2 is not easily torn.

  Since the outer layer 2 made of polyvinyl chloride is easily torn even from a slight cut or the like, in the present embodiment, the above method is adopted. For example, a film made of a material that is not easily torn such as polyester or polypropylene is used. When it is adopted, the water-permeable hole may be opened with a pointed pin. The same applies to the water-permeable holes 51 of the lining 5 described later and the water-permeable holes 21a and 21b of the outer linings 2a and 2b of the cultivation house A2 and the water-permeable holes 81 and 82 of the linings 8a and 8b.

  Further, the water permeable hole 21 can be formed so as to extend to a portion of the outer covering 2 that is wound around the winding shaft 40. The same applies to the water-permeable holes 21 in the vicinity of the winders 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d of the cultivation house A2, which will be described later. Furthermore, in the outer layer 2, a water-permeable hole can be formed above or near the position (closed position) H1 when the outer layer 2 is rewound by the winder 4 and the outer layer 2 is closed. In addition, in FIG. 1, the part connected to the winder 4 in the closed position H1 and the winder 4 of the outer covering 2 is represented by an imaginary line.

  Moreover, the lining 5 which spread | stretched the film horizontally is provided in the top part vicinity of the inside of cultivation house A1. The lining 5 is placed and stretched on a rubber band 50 stretched between the pipes 12 on both sides, which is a framework provided in the housing 1. A large number of water-permeable holes 51 are formed in the lining 5 at a required interval over the entire surface. The vertical and horizontal intervals and the diameters of the water permeable holes 51 are the same as those of the water permeable holes 21, but are not limited thereto and can be set as appropriate.

(Function)
The operation of the cultivation house A1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The cultivation house A1 is provided with a water permeable hole 21 in the film above the winding shaft 40 of the winder 4 when the winder 4 is positioned at the opening position H2 of the outer covering 2, and rainwater or dew condensation water. Falls through the water permeable hole 21, so that rain water or condensed water does not accumulate in the recess formed between the stretched outer layer 2 and the wound outer layer 2 in a rolled state. it can.
As a result, it becomes impossible to rotate the winding shaft 40 of the winder 4 due to freezing of the water accumulated in the depression, and the winding shaft 40 is deformed or damaged by the water frozen inside the winding shaft 40. Can be prevented.

Further, the lining 5 is horizontally extended on the inner side of the outer lining 2 at a required interval from the inner top portion of the outer lining 2 so that the condensed water does not collect over the entire surface of the lining 5. The required number of water-permeable holes 51 are provided.
As a result, the cultivation house A1 is resistant to water dripped from the water-permeable holes 51 of the lining 5, for example, so that the crop cultivated below is resistant to damage even when wet. This is useful when it is difficult for the condensed water to fall, such as when it is not dripped directly onto the crop. Therefore, by providing the lining 5, the cultivation house A <b> 1 can improve the heat retaining property in the house and can prevent condensation from accumulating in the lining 5.

[Embodiment 2]
Reference is made to FIG. 4 for explaining the P2 portion of FIG. 3 and FIG.
In the continuous building type cultivation house A2, the outer walls 2a and 2b are formed by extending a film made of synthetic resin (polyvinyl chloride in the present embodiment) on the casings 1a and 1b. It has a structure in which cultivation houses are arranged side by side in the width direction. The cultivation house A2 has a large number of support pillars 6 at the center in the width direction, and a drainage tub 7 is horizontally fixed to the upper end of each support pillar 6 in the length direction of the cultivation house A2. The drainage basin 7 is composed of a horizontal bottom plate 70 and a swash plate 71 provided obliquely upward on both sides in the width direction.

  Above the bottom plate 70 of the drainage basin 7, a pipe 72 is fixed in parallel with the drainage basin 7 by a fixture 73. One end of a large number of bands 3a and 3b are attached to the pipe 72 so as to fix the outer coverings 2a and 2b to both ridges (reference numerals omitted) arranged side by side (see FIG. 4). Moreover, the other end of each band 3a, 3b is attached to the pipe 11b of the outer lower part in the width direction of both ridges similarly to the case of the cultivation house A1.

  In the cultivation house A2, a winder 4a is attached to the tip of the outer covering 2a and a winder 4b is attached to the tip of the outer covering 2b on the outer side in the width direction of both ridges in the same manner as the cultivation house A1. Yes. The winding position (opening position) H3 of the winders 4a and 4b when opening the lower side in the width direction of the outer coverings 2a and 2b is slightly higher than the opening position H2 of the winder 4 of the cultivation house A1. Specifically, the height is set to be substantially the same as the vicinity of the attachment position of the pipe 80 of the linings 8a and 8b described later.

  In the outer coverings 2a and 2b, water-permeable holes 21 similar to those of the outer covering 2 are provided above the winders 4a and 4b located at the opening position H3. In FIG. 3, the portions connected to the winders 4a and 4b of the winders 4a and 4b and the outer coverings 2a and 2b at the closed position H1 are indicated by imaginary lines.

  Further, in the cultivation house A2, the valley (P2 portion) formed by the outer coverings 2a and 2b of both ridges is the same as the winders 4 of the cultivation house A1 at the base ends of the outer coverings 2a and 2b. The winders 4a and 4b are attached. These winders 4a and 4b can be positioned near the bottom plate 70 of the drainage basin 7. In the outer coverings 2a and 2b, when the outer coverings 2a and 2b are rewound by the winders 4a and 4b in the valley and the lower side of the outer coverings 2a and 2b is closed (see FIGS. 3 and 4) ( Closed position) Water-permeable holes 21a and 21b are formed in the same manner as the water-permeable holes 21 of the outer covering 2 in the portion that is not wound up above H4.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the water-permeable hole 21 b is within the range corresponding to the other swash plate 71 so that the water-permeable hole 21 a is within the range corresponding to the one swash plate 71 of the drainage basin 7. It is formed to fit. That is, the water permeable holes 21a and 21b provided in the films constituting the outer coverings 2a and 2b guide rainwater stopped at least near the winding shaft 40 of the winders 4a and 4b to the drainage basin 7 by the swash plate 71. It is provided in a position where it can.

In the vicinity of the top of the inner side of both ridges of the cultivation house A2, a synthetic resin is formed on the upper surface side of the gentle arch-shaped pipes 80 arranged in parallel in the length direction of the cultivation house A2 (this embodiment Lined 8a and 8b are provided by spreading a film made of polyvinyl chloride in the form.
The linings 8 a and 8 b are fixed to the pipes 80 by tightening them with a number of rubber bands (not shown) stretched around the arched pipes 80.

  Winders 4c and 4d similar to the winder 4 provided on the outer liner 2 of the cultivation house A1 are attached to both ends of the lining 8a and 8b in the axial direction of the pipe 80, respectively. The winders 4c and 4d rotate the winding shaft (reference number omitted) to wind the linings 8a and 8b, so that the winders 4c and 4d move inward and the widths of the linings 8a and 8b are increased. You can open both sides. Further, by rotating the winding shaft in the opposite direction to rewinding the linings 8a and 8b, the winding devices 4c and 4d can be moved outward to close the linings 8a and 8b.

  In the linings 8a and 8b, portions that are not taken up above the winding position (opening position) H6 when the linings 8a and 8b are wound up by the winders 4c and 4d and both sides of the linings 8a and 8b are opened. The water-permeable holes 81 are formed at a required interval (see FIG. 3). Further, in the linings 8a and 8b, water-permeable holes 82 are similarly formed above the position (closed position) H5 when the linings 8a and 8b are rewound by the winders 4c and 4d and the linings 8a and 8b are closed. ing. In addition, in the lining 8a of FIG. 2, the part connected to each winder 4c in the closed position H5 and each winder 4c of the lining 8a is represented by an imaginary line.

(Function)
The operation of the cultivation house A2 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The cultivation house A2 is a continuous building type, and the rainwater flowing into the valleys by following the outsides 2a and 2b by the drainage basin 7 provided in the valleys between the buildings in the outsides 2a and 2b is given to predetermined places. It can be drained.

That is, in the outer coverings 2a and 2b, a large number of water-permeable holes 21a and 21b provided on the valley side between the ridges are provided on the upper surface of each swash plate 71 of the drainage basin 7, so 4a and 4b, drained water from the swash plates 71 through the water-permeable holes 21a and 21b is drained from rainwater accumulated in the hollow formed between the stretched outer stretches 2a and 2b and the wound outer stretches 2a and 2b. It can be guided to the bottom plate 70 of the bowl 7 and water can be prevented from collecting in the recess.
In addition, the drainage basin can have a normal basin structure, guide plates can be provided on both sides in the width direction, and rainwater that has passed through the water permeable holes can be guided to the drainage basin by each guide plate.
Moreover, the water-permeable holes 21a and 21b provided on the opposite sides of the valleys in the outer coverings 2a and 2b act similarly to the water-permeable holes 21 of the cultivation house A1.

  Therefore, in cold regions, the operation of rotating the winding shaft 40 of the winders 4a and 4b cannot be performed due to freezing of accumulated water, or the winding shaft 40 is deformed or damaged by water frozen inside. Can be prevented.

  Further, when the outside air temperature does not rise, in use for improving the heat retaining property, the winders 4a and 4b of the outer coverings 2a and 2b are positioned at the closed position H4, the outer coverings 2a and 2b are closed, and each winding is further performed. The containers 4c and 4d are placed in the closed position H5 by rewinding or the like, and the linings 8a and 8b are closed.

  Conversely, when the outside air temperature rises and the temperature in the house must be lowered, the winder 4c of the outer coverings 2a, 2b is positioned at the open position H3, the outer coverings 2a, 2b are opened, and further winding is performed. The containers 4c and 4d are wound up and positioned at the open position H6, and both sides of the linings 8a and 8b are opened.

  As described above, according to the linings 8a and 8b, the temperature inside the house can be finely adjusted, and the water permeable holes 81 and 82 are provided in the vicinity of the winders 4c and 4d at the respective positions. In either case, it is possible to prevent the condensed water from being dripped and discharged from the water-permeable holes 81 and 82 and collecting on the upper surface side of the linings 8a and 8b.

  Note that the terms and expressions used in this specification are merely explanatory and are not limiting at all, and terms and expressions equivalent to the features described in this specification and parts thereof. There is no intention to exclude. It goes without saying that various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

A1 cultivation house 1 housing 10 pipe 11 pipe 11a pipe 12 pipe 2 outer layer 21 water permeable hole 3 band 4 winder 40 take-up shaft 41 handle H1 closed position H2 open position 5 lining 50 band 51 water-permeable hole A2 cultivation house 1a DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1b Housing 11b Pipe 2a, 2b Outer lining 21a, 21b Water-permeable hole 3a, 3b Band 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d Winder H3 Open position H4 Closed position H5 Closed position H6 Open position 6 Post 7 Drainage basin 70 Bottom plate 71 Oblique Plate 72 Pipe 73 Mounting tool 8a, 8b Liner 80 Pipe 81 Water permeation hole 82 Water permeation hole

Claims (2)

A cultivation house having a high central portion and roof portions on both sides lower than the central portion,
A housing having a gate-shaped pipe;
An outer layer made of a synthetic resin film or sheet stretched on the casing;
Have
On both sides in the width direction of the housing,
A winding shaft for fixing an edge of the outer covering with a fixing tool, and the winding shaft itself moves along or along the casing when the outer covering is opened and closed. Equipped with a winder for winding or unwinding,
When the lower side of the outer layer is wound up from the closed position to the open position by the winder and stopped, it is not wound on the unfolded outer layer above the winder. Provided with a water permeable hole for discharging rainwater collected in a recess formed between the outer layer of the rolled outer state,
House for cultivation. The cultivation house is provided with a lining frame composed of arched pipes under the roof part in the house, and a synthetic resin film or sheet is extended on the upper surface side of the skeleton to provide a lining. And
On both sides of the lining, there is a winding shaft for fixing the edge of the lining with a fixture, and when the lining is opened and closed, the winding shaft itself moves on or along the skeleton. It is equipped with a winder that winds or feeds the lining while
With the winder, the lower side of the lining was rolled up from the closed position to the open position and stopped, and was wound on the unfolded lining above the winder. Provided with water-permeable holes for discharging condensed water that accumulates in a recess formed between the lining in a roll state,
The cultivation house according to claim 1.

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