JP2013044573A - Active carbon breakthrough monitoring device of pcb treatment facility, and prediction method of active carbon breakthrough of gas purification device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an active carbon breakthrough monitoring device of a PCB treatment facility, and a prediction method of active carbon breakthrough of a gas purification device.SOLUTION: The active carbon breakthrough monitoring device includes: a purification device 110 for monitoring, which is interposed in an exhaust line Lfor monitoring, has active carbon 102B for monitoring of a prescribed volume smaller than a filled volume of active carbon 102A of a purification device 103, and adsorbing/removing PCB in a branch gas 101a by the active carbon 102B for monitoring; and a wake flow side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112 which is provided on a wake flow side of the purification device 110 for monitoring and detects aliphatic hydrocarbon in a discharged monitor discharge gas 101b. The aliphatic hydrocarbon is saturated and adsorbed by the active carbon 102B for monitoring beforehand. The aliphatic hydrocarbon saturated and adsorbed by the active carbon 102B for monitoring and the PCB are replaced and adsorbed, a concentration of the aliphatic hydrocarbon replaced with the PCB and desorbed by replacement adsorption is obtained in the wake flow side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112, and the breakthrough of the active carbon 102A is predicted from the obtained aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration.

Description

  The present invention relates to an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility, an activated carbon breakthrough prediction method for a gas purification device, and a gas purification facility.

  PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls: a general term for polychlorinated biphenyls: chlorinated isomers of biphenyls) were used as insulating oils for the heat transfer medium, but are strictly stored. (Japan Environmental Safety Corporation (JESCO) has been established as a PCB treatment facility, and PCBs have been installed in several locations throughout the country under the supervision of the country. A waste treatment facility is installed and a treatment business is carried out (Non-Patent Document 1).

  In recent years, various technologies for processing PCBs used in such insulating oils have been proposed ("Industry Waste Disposal Business Promotion Foundation's" Method and Evaluation Technology for PCB Processing Technology in Foundations " About ": Non-patent document 2).

  The present applicant has previously proposed a hydrothermal oxidative decomposition treatment apparatus as a PCB treatment technique, and performs PCB treatment for detoxification (Patent Document 1 or 2).

JP-A-9-79531 JP 2003-285041 A JP 2003-139741 A JP 2003-14726 A

"JESCO Business Framework and Features" http://www.jesconet.co.jp/business/contents/characteristics/index.html “Evaluation methods and evaluated technologies for PCB processing technology at the Foundation” http://www.jesconet.co.jp/business/pcb_technology/pdf/PCB_shori.pdf

  By the way, the exhaust gas generated in the PCB processing facility is structured to be exhausted outside the facility after performing the activated carbon treatment using the purification device having activated carbon. There is a problem that it is difficult to grasp the timing of the activated carbon breakthrough of the PCB processing facility, depending on the conditions (the amount of PCB discharge in the PCB processing facility).

  Therefore, in the past, it was difficult to uniformly set the life evaluation of activated carbon, so it was forced to design with extremely high likelihood (preparing approximately 10 times the amount of activated carbon that was assumed to be broken through, for example), and maintaining the facility There is an urgent need to reduce costs.

In addition, on-line analysis using a mass spectrometer capable of rapid analysis on the downstream side of activated carbon is also being studied (see Patent Document 3 or 4).
However, when used as an on-line analyzer disclosed in Patent Document 3, since aromatic compounds are mainly measured, it is difficult to predict activated carbon breakthrough in advance when activated carbon breakthrough is detected instantaneously. There is a problem that.

  In addition, when measuring hydrocarbons (chain hydrocarbons) to predict activated carbon breakthrough, the system that generates the ionization wavelength becomes very large, so the mass spectrometer itself is a cost and maintenance aspect. It becomes a problem.

  From the above situation, there is an urgent need for the emergence of means capable of accurately predicting breakthrough of activated carbon even by changes in the PCB concentration of the inlet condition in the purification apparatus having activated carbon.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention predicts activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus for PCB processing equipment and activated carbon breakthrough for gas purification apparatus that can accurately predict breakthrough of activated carbon even by changes in PCB concentration at inlet conditions. It is an object to provide a method and a gas purification facility.

  The first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is activated carbon of a gas purification device for purifying an organic compound containing PCB in exhaust gas exhausted from a PCB processing facility through an exhaust gas line with activated carbon A. An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus for predicting breakthrough, wherein the gas purification is provided in a monitoring exhaust gas line branched from the exhaust gas line and branching a part of the exhaust gas, and the monitoring exhaust line. A monitoring purifier having a predetermined volume smaller than a filling volume of the activated carbon of the apparatus, and adsorbing / removing PCB in the branch gas by the activated carbon for monitoring, and a wake of the monitoring purifier And a wake-side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector for detecting aliphatic hydrocarbons in the monitor exhaust gas discharged from the monitoring and purifying device. Saturated adsorption of aliphatic hydrocarbons on charcoal in advance, and substitution adsorption of aliphatic hydrocarbons and PCB that have been saturated adsorption on the activated carbon for monitoring of the monitoring purification device, and substitution with PCB by substitution adsorption and desorption. A PCB process characterized in that the separated aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration is obtained by the downstream-side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector, and the breakthrough of the activated carbon of the gas purifier is predicted from the obtained aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration. It is in the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device of the facility.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the upstream side that detects aliphatic hydrocarbons in the monitor exhaust gas that is interposed on the upstream side of the monitoring purification device and is introduced into the monitoring purification device. It is in the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus of the PCB processing equipment characterized by having the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector of this.

  A third invention is the first or second invention, comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon detector that is disposed downstream of the monitoring purification device and detects PCB discharged from the monitoring purification device. It is in the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device of the PCB processing facility characterized by

  The fourth invention uses the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device of any one of the first to third PCB processing facilities, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon and the PCB that are saturated and adsorbed on the activated carbon for monitoring of the monitoring purification device are replaced. The process of adsorbing, the aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration desorbed by substituting PCB in the exhaust gas discharged from the monitoring purification apparatus is determined by the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector on the downstream side, and from the integrated value, In the step of determining whether or not the concentration of the desorbed aliphatic hydrocarbon is predetermined, and in the determination step, if it is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that the purification in the purification device can be continued as it is, For example, the present invention provides a method for predicting activated carbon breakthrough of a gas purification device of a PCB processing facility, comprising the step of determining the time for replacement of activated carbon to adsorb and remove PCB of the purification device.

  In a fifth aspect based on the fourth aspect, the determination step determines an aliphatic hydrocarbon in the monitor exhaust gas determined by the upstream-side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector, and determines a downstream-side aliphatic carbonization. This is a method for predicting breakthrough of activated carbon in a gas purification device of a PCB processing facility, characterized in that it is subtracted from the value obtained by a hydrogen detector and integrated.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth or fifth aspect of the invention, the warning step detects the PCB discharged from the monitoring purification device, and adsorbs and removes the PCB of the purification device when the predetermined threshold is reached. It is in the prediction method of the activated carbon breakthrough of the gas purification apparatus of the PCB processing facility characterized by the replacement time of the activated carbon.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas purification device for purifying an organic compound containing PCB in exhaust gas exhausted from a PCB processing facility with activated carbon, and an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for any one of the first to third PCB processing facilities. It is in the gas purification equipment of the PCB processing equipment characterized by comprising.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately predict the breakthrough of activated carbon also by the change in the PCB concentration in the inlet condition (the amount of PCB released in the PCB processing facility) in the purification apparatus.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the adsorption time of activated carbon and the integrated hydrocarbon value. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to the second embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to the third embodiment. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the adsorption time of activated carbon and the integrated hydrocarbon value according to Example 3. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device of another PCB processing facility according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an outline of the PCB processing facility.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus for PCB processing equipment according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the adsorption time of activated carbon and the integrated hydrocarbon value.
As shown in FIG. 1, an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus 100A for a PCB processing facility according to the present embodiment is an organic compound containing PCB in exhaust gas 101 exhausted from the PCB processing facility 10 through an exhaust gas line L ₁ . An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for predicting activated carbon breakthrough of a gas purification device (purification device) 103 for purifying (for example, hydrocarbons, insulating oil, trichlorobenzene, isopropyl alcohol, etc.) with activated carbon 102A, wherein the exhaust gas line From the filling volume of the activated carbon 102A of the gas purification device 103, which is interposed in the monitoring exhaust gas line L ₂ branched from L ₁ and branching a part 101a of the exhaust gas 101, and the monitoring exhaust line L ₂ Has a small predetermined volume of activated carbon 102B for monitoring, and the activated carbon 102B for monitoring causes the PC in the branch gas 101a to The monitoring and purifying device 110 for adsorbing / removing gas and the monitoring and purifying device 110 are provided on the downstream side of the monitoring and purifying device 110 to detect aliphatic hydrocarbons in the monitor exhaust gas 101b discharged from the monitoring and purifying device 110. And a downstream-side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112, and saturated adsorption of aliphatic hydrocarbons on the monitoring activated carbon 102B in advance, and saturated adsorption on the monitoring activated carbon 102B of the monitoring purification device 110. The aliphatic hydrocarbon desorbed by substitution adsorption of PCB and PCB by substitution adsorption is determined by the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112 on the downstream side, and the determined aliphatic carbonization is obtained. The breakthrough of the activated carbon 102A of the gas purification apparatus 103 is predicted from the hydrogen concentration.

Here, as the PCB processing equipment 10, for example, a high-voltage transformer, a high-voltage capacitor, a low-voltage transformer / condenser, a pole transformer, etc., a PCB-containing material such as waste PCB (insulating oil used for a heat medium, kerosene used for cleaning) or the like This is equipment to be processed, and details will be described later.
Since the exhaust gas 101 discharged from the PCB processing facility 10 may contain a small amount of PCB, a purification device 103 having activated carbon 102A that adsorbs PCB is provided.

In the present invention, the aliphatic carbonization that is saturated and adsorbed in advance on the activated carbon using the monitoring purification device 110 that is interposed in the monitoring exhaust line L ₂ and has activated carbon 102B that adsorbs and removes PCB in the branch gas 101a. The degree of deterioration of the activated carbon 102A of the purification apparatus 103 of this installation is predicted using the mutual substitution action of hydrogen (for example, decane (C ₁₀ H ₂₂ )) and PCB which is an aromatic hydrocarbon.

Here, activated carbon 102A that removes PCB in exhaust gas 101 from PCB processing facility 10 has a different purification duration depending on its capacity, but the time until breakthrough when PCB adsorption becomes impossible is in the processing gas. Since it fluctuates depending on the amount of PCB, it is not constant.
Therefore, in the past, it was supported by a design with extremely high likelihood (for example, preparing activated carbon of 10 times the amount of breakthrough assumption), but the present invention makes it possible to predict the breakthrough, The breakthrough of the activated carbon can be accurately predicted also by the change in the PCB concentration in the inlet condition (a large amount of PCB discharge amount in the PCB processing facility 10) in the purification apparatus 103.

  The monitoring activated carbon 102B filled in the monitoring purification device 110 has a predetermined volume, for example, 1/10 to 1/20 of the capacity of the activated carbon 102A of the purification device 103, and to the monitoring purification device 110 on the downstream side. The flow rate of the branched gas 101 a is the same as that of the exhaust gas 101 to the purification device 103.

The monitoring exhaust line L ₂ is branched from the exhaust gas line L ₁ for introducing the exhaust gas 101 to the purification apparatus 103 filled with the activated carbon 102A for purification, and the monitoring purification apparatus 110 is interposed, and the monitoring is performed. The purifying apparatus 110 is filled with monitoring activated carbon 102B.
An aliphatic hydrocarbon (for example, decane (C ₁₀ H ₂₂ )) is saturated and adsorbed in advance on the activated carbon 102B for monitoring.

Here, in this example, decane (C ₁₀ H ₂₂ ) is exemplified as the aliphatic hydrocarbon that is preliminarily adsorbed on the activated carbon 102B for monitoring, but the present invention is not limited to this, For example, C _{8 to} C ₁₈ chain hydrocarbons can be used.
In addition, the amount of saturated and adsorbed hydrocarbon is grasped in advance.

An aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112 for detecting aliphatic hydrocarbons is installed on the downstream side of the monitoring purification device 110.
Here, the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector is not particularly limited in the present invention. For example, 1) a non-dispersive infrared gas analyzer, 2) a GC-FID (gas chromatograph / hydrogen ionization detector) device. 3) An FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) apparatus, 4) a quadrupole mass spectrometer or the like can be used.

Note that the branching amount of the exhaust gas to the activated carbon 102B of the monitoring purification device 110 is set to be equal to the weight ratio of the activated carbon 102A of the purification device 103 and the activated carbon 102B of the monitoring purification device 110.
Further, the exhaust gases 101 and 101b that have passed through the purification device 103 and the monitoring purification device 110 are both discharged out of the plant because the PCB is adsorbed and removed.

  In the present invention, saturated hydrocarbon is saturated and adsorbed in advance on the activated carbon 102B of the monitoring purification apparatus 110, and a phenomenon of substitution adsorption action of this aliphatic hydrocarbon and PCB is utilized. This displacement adsorption action is a phenomenon in which the aliphatic hydrocarbon adsorbed on the adsorption site of the activated carbon is desorbed and the PCB is adsorbed on the adsorption site of the activated carbon. For example, “Characteristics of activated carbon adsorption of PCB vapor in the presence of an organic cleaning solvent” (Refer to the Japan Society of Waste Science, Vol. 18 (2007), No. 3 pp. 167-174).

This substitution adsorption action is because, since PCB is an aromatic hydrocarbon, it has a higher ability to adsorb to activated carbon than aliphatic hydrocarbons such as decane. Therefore, when PCB is introduced into activated carbon 102B for monitoring, The adsorbed decane is desorbed and PCB is adsorbed instead.
Therefore, the amount of saturated decane is measured in advance, and the total amount of substitution released at the time of breakthrough is set to 100, the integrated value of decane is obtained, the transition to breakthrough is obtained, and before the breakthrough is reached An alarm is issued.

<Method of detecting breakthrough>
Decan is saturatedly adsorbed on the monitoring activated carbon 102B of the monitoring purification apparatus 110, and the saturated adsorption amount is confirmed.

Next, exhaust gas 101 and branch gas 101a are passed through purification device 103 and monitoring purification device 110, and PCBs in these gases are adsorbed.
At this time, the concentration of the aliphatic hydrocarbon (decane) released by the PCB and the substitutional adsorption is analyzed by the downstream hydrocarbon detector 112 on the downstream side of the monitoring purification device 110.
The detection time t is preferably shorter in order to improve the detection accuracy. For example, the detection time is preferably once within 10 minutes, more preferably once per minute.
For example, in the case where optical analysis is performed using the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112 on the wake side, the wavelength is preferably about 3 μm.

The measured concentration (C) is (C) i, and the gas flow rate is Fi.
An integrated value Σ (C) i × Fi × ti is calculated by multiplying the concentration for each analysis by the gas flow rate.
When the gas flow rate is constant, F may be replaced with t.
If t is always constant, the total measurement time may be T and T / t.
The integrated values are plotted (see FIG. 2).
In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the integrated value ΣC i × Fi × ti at breakthrough as 100.

A method for predicting breakthrough of the activated carbon 102A of the purification device 103 using the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100A of the present embodiment is performed by the following steps.
1) Aliphatic hydrocarbon (decane) and PCB that have been saturated and adsorbed on the activated carbon 102B of the monitoring purification device 110 are substituted and adsorbed.
2) The concentration of aliphatic hydrocarbon (decane) desorbed by substitution with PCB in the monitor exhaust gas 101b exhausted from the monitoring purification apparatus 110 is obtained by the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112 on the downstream side. From the integrated value, it is determined whether or not a predetermined desorbed aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration is obtained.
3) In the determination step, if it is equal to or less than the predetermined threshold, it is determined that the purification by the purification device can be continued as it is, and if it is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the replacement time of the activated carbon 102A that adsorbs and removes the PCB of the purification device 103 Judge.
4) For example, assuming that the integrated value at the time of breakthrough is 100, and for example, when 50 is set as the first warning threshold, a pre-alarm is issued when the value exceeds 50 and exceeds 75 By setting so as to issue an alarm in case, detection of activated carbon breakthrough can be reliably predicted.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the timing of breakthrough of the activated carbon 102 </ b> A of the PCB processing facility 10 can be reliably grasped even when the inlet condition (a large amount of PCB discharge amount in the PCB processing facility) in the purification device 103 changes. Will be able to.

  Thereby, the breakthrough of the activated carbon 102 </ b> A of the purification device 103 can be predicted in advance.

  Further, a PCB treatment comprising a gas purification device 103 for purifying an organic compound containing PCB in the exhaust gas 101 exhausted from the PCB treatment facility 10 with activated carbon 102A, and the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100A for the PCB treatment facility described above. By using the gas purification equipment of the equipment, it is possible to provide a gas purification equipment that can monitor the breakthrough of activated carbon of the gas purification device that purifies the exhaust gas exhausted from the PCB processing equipment.

A PCB monitoring apparatus for a PCB processing facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to the second embodiment. The same members as those of the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for the PCB processing facility according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 3, the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100B for the PCB processing facility according to the present embodiment is the same as the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100A for the PCB treatment facility 10 according to the first embodiment. Having a front-stream side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 113 for detecting an aliphatic hydrocarbon (for example, decane) in the monitor exhaust gas 101b introduced into the monitoring purification device 110. It is.

In Example 1, when using a case where aliphatic hydrocarbons are not contained (for example, insulating oil) as a chemical agent to be processed by the PCB treatment facility 10, since the aliphatic hydrocarbons are not contained in the exhaust gas 101, The detection by the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112 on the wake side becomes desorbed aliphatic hydrocarbons whose total amount is substituted and adsorbed by PCB.
However, when an aliphatic hydrocarbon is included as a chemical used in the PCB processing facility 10, the exhaust gas 101 has an influence of the aliphatic hydrocarbon, and thus it is necessary to remove it.
Here, as a chemical | medical agent containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon, "NS clean 100 (brand name)" (made by JX Nippon Mining & Energy Corporation) can be mentioned, for example.

  For this purpose, in this embodiment, an upstream-side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 113 for detecting aliphatic hydrocarbons (for example, decane) in the monitor exhaust gas 101b is installed on the upstream side of the monitoring purification device 110. , Eliminating the effect.

  In this case, the integrated value of hydrocarbons on the vertical axis shown in FIG. 2 is Σ (Cb (aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration on the downstream side) −Ca (aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration on the upstream side)) i × Fi × ti. 100.

  According to this example, in the PCB processing facility, even if aliphatic hydrocarbons are contained in the chemicals used, the breakthrough of activated carbon for PCB adsorption in the exhaust gas is predicted in consideration of the effect. Will be able to.

An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to the third embodiment. The same members as those of the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for the PCB processing facility according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 4, the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus 100C for the PCB processing facility according to the present embodiment is the same as the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus 100A for the PCB treatment facility according to the first embodiment. It has an aromatic hydrocarbon detector 115 that is disposed on the downstream side and detects aromatic hydrocarbons (including PCB) discharged from the monitoring and purifying apparatus.

In the PCB processing facility 10, a large amount of PCB may be generated depending on processing conditions. In such a case, the detection by releasing decane by the displacement adsorption action may not be able to follow.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the aromatic hydrocarbon detector 115 is installed on the downstream side of the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 112 on the downstream side so that PCB which is an aromatic hydrocarbon is directly detected. .

Here, as the aromatic hydrocarbon detector 115, for example, an ultraviolet-excited fluorescence analyzer, a simple mass spectrometer, or the like can be used.
For example, when the fluorescence analyzer is used as the aromatic hydrocarbon detector 115, ultraviolet light (wavelength: 250 to 300 nm) is irradiated, the concentration Cc of the aromatic compound is obtained from the generated fluorescence intensity, and the aromatic integrated value Σ ( Cc) i × Fi × ti is calculated.
Then, a threshold value of the aromatic amount is set in advance, and when this threshold value is exceeded, it is determined that the activated carbon 102A is broken, and an activated carbon breakthrough alarm is issued.
Thereby, when adsorption | suction of an aromatic component abruptly occurs, an aromatic component may be discharged | emitted from activated carbon, and it can be detected. This improves breakthrough detection accuracy.

In FIG. 5, a pre-alarm is issued when the aliphatic hydrocarbon curve suddenly rises and the integrated value exceeds 50, but at this point, the PCB is still sufficiently adsorbed and has reached breakthrough. It will not be.
And when it exceeds the threshold of the amount of aromatics, it can be confirmed that the activated carbon is broken through for the first time, and loss can be reduced by discarding the activated carbon 102A that can still be sufficiently adsorbed.

  Thus, according to the present invention, the aliphatic hydrocarbon and PCB that have been saturated and adsorbed on the activated carbon of the monitoring purification apparatus are substituted and adsorbed, and the PCB in the exhaust gas discharged from the monitoring purification apparatus is replaced. Determining the concentration of the desorbed aliphatic hydrocarbon with the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector on the downstream side, and determining whether the concentration is a predetermined desorbed aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration from the integrated value; In the determination step, if it is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that purification by the purification device can be continued as it is, and if it is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, it is determined that it is time to replace the activated carbon to adsorb and remove PCB of the purification device By this, it is possible to reliably predict activated carbon breakthrough.

  Further, in the determination step, to determine the aliphatic hydrocarbon in the monitor exhaust gas determined by the front-stream side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector, subtracted from the value determined by the rear-stream side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector, You may make it integrate.

  Further, in the warning step, when the aromatic hydrocarbon (including PCB) discharged from the monitoring purification device is detected and the predetermined threshold is reached, the replacement time of the activated carbon that adsorbs and removes the PCB of the purification device You may make it judge.

An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus for a PCB processing facility according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility according to a fourth embodiment. The same members as those of the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for the PCB processing facility according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
FIG. 6 shows a state in which the PCB processing equipment is continuously purified using the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100A of the PCB processing equipment according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6, two first and second purification apparatuses 103-1 and 103-2 are installed in the exhaust gas line L ₁ from the PCB processing facility, and are branched from the exhaust gas line L _1. that the monitoring vacuum line L ₂ are installed one for monitoring purification device 110.

Further, valves V ₁ and V ₂ are interposed before and after the first purification device 103-1 interposed in the exhaust gas line L ₁ , and valves V ₃ and V are disposed before and after the second purification device 103-2. V ₄ is interposed a first, using the first purifying apparatus 103-1 to the left, to purify.
At this time, V ₁ and V ₂ are opened, and valves V ₃ and V ₄ are closed.
Then, the first purification device 103-1 performs purification, and when the activated carbon 102A of the first purification device 103-1 becomes near breakthrough from the measurement result of the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100A, the second purification device 103- The second valves V ₃ and V ₄ are opened, and then the valves V ₁ and V ₂ of the first purification device 103-1 are closed. Thereafter, the activated carbon is replaced to prepare for the next purification.

  Thereby, continuous purification can be stably performed using the two first and second purification apparatuses 103-1 and 103-2.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, _two monitoring purification apparatuses 110-1 and 110-2 are also installed in the monitoring exhaust line L2, and the first and second purification apparatuses 103-1 and 103-2 are installed. Monitoring corresponding to the above may be performed.
That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 7, the first purification device 103-1 is monitored by the first activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100A-1, and the second purification device 103-2 is monitored by the second activated carbon breakthrough monitoring. Monitoring is performed by the apparatus 100A-2.
And when it becomes near breakthrough by the 1st activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus 100A-1 which monitors the 1st purification apparatus 103-1, as above-mentioned, a system is switched to the 2nd purification apparatus 103-2, and this switching At the same time, the valves V ₅ and V ₆ are switched to switch from the first activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100A-1 to the monitoring of the second activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 100A-2.

  Thus, continuous purification can be stably performed using the two purification apparatuses 103-1 and 103-2 and the two activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatuses 100A-1 and 100A-2.

A PCB processing facility according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an outline of the PCB processing facility.
Here, a transformer will be described as an example of an object to be processed containing PCB.
As shown in FIG. 8, the PCB processing facility 10 according to the present embodiment separates the transformer after the pretreatment with the liquid draining means 22 which is the pretreatment means for draining the PCB 21 from the transformer 30 which is the object to be processed. , Crushing, cleaning, etc., and a hydrothermal oxidative decomposition apparatus (hereinafter referred to as “hazardous substance treatment means”) for treating a separated product or a cleaning liquid discharged from the container processing system 23 or a harmful substance as it is by a hydrothermal decomposition process. 11) (also referred to as “hydrothermal decomposition apparatus”).

  The schematic configuration of the container processing system 23 is a separation process in which the PCB 21 in the transformer 30 is separated by the PCB liquid draining means 22 and the transformer 30 is separated into a container 32 and a core 33 which are constituent members of the transformer. Means 34, core separating means 37 for separating the core 33 and the coil 36 constituting the core 33 separated by the separating means 34, and the separated coil 36 into a copper wire 38 and paper / wood 39 The coil separating means 40, the finely pulverizing means 42 for pulverizing the separated organic matter such as paper / wood 39, the slurry 41, the iron core crushing means 43 for crushing the layered iron core 35, and the container 32. And a cleaning device 46 for cleaning an inorganic substance such as the separated copper wire 38 with a cleaning liquid 45.

Further, the schematic configuration of one hydrothermal oxidative decomposition apparatus 11 is as follows: the PCB 21 or the slurry 41 or the waste liquid 47 to be treated 25, oil 26, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 27, pure water 28, And a cylindrical primary reaction tower 12 into which oxygen (O ₂ ) 29 is charged, a secondary reaction tower 13 having a structure in which a pipe is wound, a cooler 14, and a pressure reducing valve 15 for the reactor. A gas-liquid separator 16 that separates waste water (H ₂ O, NaCl) 19 and exhaust gas (CO ₂ ) 18 is disposed downstream of the pressure reducing valve 15. In addition, the said secondary reactor 13 can also be abbreviate | omitted as needed.

In the above apparatus, the pressure in the primary reaction column 12 is increased to, for example, 26 MPa by pressurization by a pressure pump (not shown). Further, oxygen is spouted into the primary reaction tower 12, and the temperature is raised to 350 ° C. to 400 ° C. (preferably up to 370 ° C.) by the heat of reaction inside. By this stage, an oxidative decomposition reaction has occurred inside the primary reaction column 12, and the PCB contained in the workpiece 25 has been decomposed into CO ₂ and H ₂ O. Next, in the cooler 14, the fluid from the secondary reaction tower 13 is cooled to about 100 ° C., and the pressure is reduced to atmospheric pressure by the subsequent pressure reducing valve 14. Then, the gas / liquid separator 16 separates CO ₂ and water vapor from the treatment liquid, and the CO ₂ and water vapor exhaust gas 18 passes through the purification device 103 having activated carbon and is discharged into the environment.

  In the PCB processing facility of this embodiment, the exhaust gas discharged from the PCB liquid draining means 22, the exhaust gas discharged from the container processing system 23, and the exhaust gas 18 discharged from the hydrothermal oxidative decomposition apparatus are purified by the purifier 103. In addition, since the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring apparatus 100 (100A to 100C) described in Examples 1 to 3 is used for monitoring, the activated carbon breakage is also caused by the change in the PCB concentration in the inlet condition in the purification system of the PCB processing facility. Therefore, it is possible to accurately predict the excess, and it is possible to eliminate the disposal of useless activated carbon before reaching the breakthrough, thereby reducing the running cost in the purification process.

100, 100A to 100C Activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device 101 Exhaust gas 102A, 102B Activated carbon 103 Purification device 110 Purifying device for monitoring 101a Branch gas 101b Monitor exhaust gas 112 Back-stream side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector 113 Front-stream side aliphatic hydrocarbon Detector 115 Aromatic hydrocarbon detector

Claims (7)

An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for predicting activated carbon breakthrough of a gas purification device for purifying an organic compound containing PCB in exhaust gas exhausted from a PCB treatment facility through an exhaust gas line with activated carbon A,
A monitoring exhaust gas line branched from the exhaust gas line and branching a part of the exhaust gas;
The monitoring which is interposed in the monitoring exhaust line and has a predetermined volume of monitoring activated carbon smaller than the filling volume of the activated carbon of the gas purifier, and which monitors and adsorbs / removes PCB in the branch gas by the monitoring activated carbon Purification device for
A wake-side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector that is provided on the downstream side of the monitoring and purifying device and detects aliphatic hydrocarbons in the monitor exhaust gas discharged from the monitoring and purifying device;
Saturated adsorption of aliphatic hydrocarbons in advance on the activated carbon for monitoring,
The aliphatic hydrocarbon and PCB that have been saturated and adsorbed on the activated carbon for monitoring of the monitoring and purifying apparatus are substituted and adsorbed, and the concentration of the aliphatic hydrocarbon that has been desorbed by substitution of PCB by substitution and adsorption is determined as the fat on the downstream side. An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility, characterized in that the activated carbon breakthrough of a gas purification device is predicted from an aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration obtained with an aromatic hydrocarbon detector. In claim 1,
It has an upstream-side aliphatic hydrocarbon detector that is interposed on the upstream side of the monitoring purification device and detects aliphatic hydrocarbons in the monitor exhaust gas introduced into the monitoring purification device. An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for PCB processing equipment. In claim 1 or 2,
An activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for a PCB processing facility, comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon detector interposed on the downstream side of the monitoring purification device and detecting PCB discharged from the monitoring purification device. Using the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device of the PCB processing facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A process in which aliphatic hydrocarbons and PCBs saturated and adsorbed on the activated carbon for monitoring of the monitoring purification device are substituted and adsorbed;
The concentration of the aliphatic hydrocarbon desorbed by substituting the PCB in the exhaust gas discharged from the monitoring purification apparatus is obtained by the aliphatic hydrocarbon detector on the downstream side, and the predetermined desorbed fat is determined from the integrated value. Determining whether it is a group hydrocarbon concentration,
In the determination step, if it is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that the purification in the purification device can be continued, and if it is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, it is determined that it is time to replace the activated carbon that adsorbs and removes the PCB of the purification device. A method for predicting breakthrough of activated carbon in a gas purification device of a PCB processing facility, comprising: In claim 4,
The determination step includes
The aliphatic hydrocarbon in the monitor exhaust gas obtained by the upstream aliphatic hydrocarbon detector is obtained, subtracted from the value obtained by the upstream aliphatic hydrocarbon detector, and integrated. Prediction method of activated carbon breakthrough of gas purification device of PCB processing equipment. In claim 4 or 5,
The warning process includes
A PCB gas purification apparatus for PCB processing equipment, characterized in that when the PCB discharged from the monitoring purification apparatus is detected and a predetermined threshold value is reached, it is determined that it is time to replace the activated carbon that adsorbs and removes the PCB of the purification apparatus. Prediction method for activated carbon breakthrough. A gas purification device for purifying an organic compound containing PCB in exhaust gas exhausted from a PCB processing facility with activated carbon;
A gas purification facility for a PCB processing facility, comprising the activated carbon breakthrough monitoring device for the PCB processing facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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