JP2013043146A - Separating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separate hair only from a mixture of hair (foreign matter) and fine particles.SOLUTION: A separating apparatus 100 includes a first roller 110, a second roller 120, and a driving means 130 for rotating both rollers. The driving means rotates the first roller and the second roller in mutually counter directions. The first roller includes a cylindrical first part 111, a cylindrical second part 112 having a diameter smaller than the first part, and a circular truncated conical third part 113 connecting the first part with the second part. The outer shape of the second roller has a complimentary shape corresponding to the outer shape of the first roller so as to maintain a gap 114 between the first roller and the second roller. Friction coefficients of the surfaces of the first roller and the second roller are set so that hair can rotates together with the rollers while the hair adheres to the surface of the rollers with friction force.

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction type sorting device using frictional force, and more particularly to a sorting device that removes various fine foreign matters mixed in grains and other fine grains.

  Generally, various foreign substances are mixed with cereals and plant seeds (for example, sesame seeds, chestnuts, brown rice, grain pepper, mustard, etc.) as raw materials for foods, pharmaceuticals, and other various articles at the time of harvest. For example, pebbles, soil grains, metal pieces, glass pieces, plastic pieces, foliage pieces, hair, insects, small animals and insect feces.

  Conventionally, these foreign substances have been removed by sorting based on the difference in physical properties between plant seeds and foreign substances. For example, particle size selection based on the difference in size, specific gravity selection based on the difference in specific gravity, magnetic force selection based on the presence or absence of magnetism, and the like.

  However, the size of the foreign matter mixed in the grain and plant seed is not significantly different from the size of the grain and plant seed, and the specific gravity of the foreign matter is not so different from the specific gravity of the grain and plant seed. In the case where the foreign matter has no magnetism, it was impossible to remove the foreign matter by the above-described particle size sorting, specific gravity sorting and magnetic force sorting.

  In order to solve such problems, the present inventor has proposed a sorting apparatus capable of sorting such foreign matter (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-301437).

  22 is a plan view when the sorting device 10 described in the publication is viewed from above, FIG. 23 is a side view of the sorting device 10 when viewed from the direction A in FIG. 22, and FIG. It is a front view of sorting device 10 at the time of seeing from the B direction.

  The sorting device 10 sorts the grain and the foreign matter from the mixture of the foreign matter and the grain.

  The sorting device 10 includes a first roller 12, a second roller 14 having an axis parallel to the axis of the first roller 12 and the same height, and the first roller 12. And a first storage container 16 disposed below the second roller 14 and a second container disposed adjacent to the first storage container 16 and below the first roller 12 and the second roller 14. Storage container 18 and a hopper 20 disposed above the first roller 12 and the second roller 14.

  The first roller 12 and the second roller 14 have the same diameter.

  The first roller 12 and the second roller 14 are each formed with a single spiral groove 12a, 14a. As shown in FIG. 22, the spiral groove 12a formed on the first roller 12 meshes with the outer peripheral surface of the second roller 14, and the spiral groove 14a formed on the second roller 14 is the first Is engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the roller 12.

  Further, a gap 22 a between the outer peripheral surface of the first roller 12 and the spiral groove 14 a formed in the second roller 14 and a spiral formed in the outer peripheral surface of the second roller 14 and the first roller 12. The gap 22b with the groove 12a is set to be smaller than any of the diameters of the grain and foreign matter described above, and the grain and foreign matter do not fall downward from the gaps 22a and 22b.

  The dropping port 20a of the hopper 20 is disposed so as to be located above the gaps 22a and 22b.

  Both ends of the first roller 12 and the second roller 14 are supported by bearings 24, and each bearing 24 is fixed to a side wall 26.

  The first roller 12 and the second roller 14 are rotated in opposite directions by receiving a driving force from a motor (not shown). Specifically, the first roller 12 and the second roller 14 rotate in directions away from each other when viewed from above. That is, as shown in FIG. 24, the first roller 12 rotates in the counterclockwise direction X and the second roller 14 rotates in the clockwise direction Y when viewed from the B direction in FIG.

  The friction coefficient of the surface of the spiral groove 12a formed on the first roller 12 is set so that the foreign matter is rotated together with the first roller 12 while being adhered to the surface of the groove 12a by the frictional force. .

  Similarly, the coefficient of friction of the surface of the spiral groove 14a formed on the second roller 14 is set so that the foreign matter is rotated together with the second roller 14 while being adhered to the surface of the groove 14a by the friction force. Has been.

  Moreover, the friction coefficient of the surface of the groove | channel 12a and the groove | channel 14a is the 1st and 2nd along the groove | channel 12a or 14a, without a grain adhering to any of the 1st roller 12 and the 2nd roller 14. As the rollers 12 and 14 rotate, the first and second rollers 12 and 14 are set to be fed in the axial direction Z.

  The sorting apparatus 10 operates as follows.

  When the mixture in which the foreign matter and the grain are mixed is put into the hopper 20, the mixture falls downward from the dropping port 20a and is in a state of riding on either of the gaps 22a and 22b.

  Of the mixture falling on the gap 22a, the foreign matter remains attached to the surface of the groove 14a by the frictional force between the surface and the surface of the spiral groove 14a formed on the second roller 14. 14 rotates in the clockwise direction Y and falls into the first storage container 16 from the outside of the second roller 14.

  Similarly, in the mixture that has fallen on the gap 22b, the foreign matter remains attached to the surface of the groove 12a due to the frictional force with the surface of the spiral groove 12a formed on the first roller 12. It rotates in the counterclockwise direction X together with the first roller 12 and falls from the outside of the first roller 12 into the first storage container 16.

  On the other hand, among the mixture dropped on the gap 22a and the gap 22b, the grains adhere to the first roller 12 and the second roller 14 and rotate together with the first roller 12 and the second roller 14. Without sliding, or rolling along the spiral groove 12a or 14a formed in the first roller 12 or the second roller 14 as the first and second rollers 12 and 14 rotate. However, the first and second rollers 12 and 14 move in the axial direction Z (see FIG. 22).

  When the spiral groove 12a or 14a is interrupted, the grain drops downward and is stored in the second storage container 18.

  As described above, in the sorting device 10, among the mixture in which the foreign matter and the grain are mixed, the foreign matter remains attached to the first roller 12 or the second roller 14 due to frictional force. It rotates together with the first roller 12 or the second roller 14, falls to the outside of the first roller 12 or the second roller 14, and is stored in the first storage container 16.

  On the other hand, the grain is fed in the axial direction Z of the first roller 12 or the second roller 14 along the spiral groove 12a or 14a formed in the first roller 12 or the second roller 14. Finally, it is stored in the second storage container 18.

JP 2002-301437 A

  As described above, by using the sorting device 10, it is possible to sort a mixture of grain and foreign matter into grain and foreign matter.

  However, the sorting device 10 has the following problems.

  The first problem is that it may be difficult for the sorting device 10 to deal with fine foreign matter.

  When the foreign matter is fine, if the diameters of the first roller 12 and the second roller 14 are large, it may not be possible to sort efficiently. For this reason, when the foreign matter is small, it is necessary to reduce the diameters of the first roller 12 and the second roller 14 according to the size of the foreign matter.

  However, due to limitations in the manufacturing technology of rollers and bearings, it is extremely difficult to produce a small diameter roller corresponding to minute foreign matter or a bearing 24 supporting such a small diameter roller, or almost It may not be possible. For this reason, even though it is theoretically possible to sort out fine foreign matter, it is extremely difficult to create a sorting device that can sort out such fine foreign matter with the current manufacturing technology. .

  The second problem is that some foreign substances are extremely difficult to sort depending on the type.

  For example, in the food industry, it is absolutely necessary to avoid foreign matters from being mixed into food ingredients. However, empirically, hair (especially short for chemical seasonings) and hair (especially short) It has been said that it is almost impossible to select and take out only the hair.

  Although the sorting device 10 can sort the hair, it cannot achieve the desired efficiency.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems in the conventional sorting apparatus 10 as described above, and it is possible to sort out fine foreign matters, particularly foreign matters that have been said to be extremely difficult so far. An object of the present invention is to provide a sorting device that performs the above.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention is a sorting apparatus for sorting the first product from a mixture in which a first product to an Nth product (N is a positive integer of 2 or more) are mixed. The first roller and an axis parallel to the axis of the first roller, and a gap smaller than any of the first to Nth objects between the first roller and the first roller Or a second roller that is in contact with an outer edge of the first roller, a drive unit that rotates the first roller and the second roller, and a feed unit, and the drive The means rotates the first roller and the second roller in directions opposite to each other and in directions away from each other when the first roller and the second roller are viewed from above, The feed means includes the first to Nth items. In the sorting apparatus for feeding an object in the axial direction of the first roller and the second roller, the first roller has a cylindrical first portion and a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first portion. A second portion having a cylindrical shape, and a third portion having a truncated cone shape connecting the first portion and the second portion, and an outer shape of the second roller corresponds to an outer shape of the first roller. It has a complementary shape, and the friction coefficient of the surface of at least one of the first roller and the second roller is such that the first object is adhered to the surface of the roller by friction force. And a sorting device that is set so as to be able to be rotated together with the roller.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the first roller has a plurality of the first portions, and at least two of the plurality of first portions have different diameters. It is preferable.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the first roller has a plurality of the second portions, and at least two of the plurality of second portions have different diameters. It is preferable to have.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the first roller and the second roller are composed of a plurality of regions in their axial directions, and the surfaces of the first roller and the second roller in each of the regions. It is preferable that the friction coefficients are different.

  The present invention further includes a sorting device for sorting the first product from a mixture in which a first product to an Nth product (N is a positive integer of 2 or more) is mixed, the first roller And an axis parallel to the axis of the first roller, and a gap smaller than any of the first to Nth objects is formed between the first roller, or A second roller in contact with the first roller at an outer edge, a driving unit that rotates the first roller and the second roller, and a feed unit, wherein the driving unit includes the first roller 1 roller and the second roller are rotated in directions opposite to each other and in a direction away from each other when the first roller and the second roller are viewed from above, The first to Nth objects are connected to the first object. In the sorting apparatus that feeds in the axial direction of the roller and the second roller, the outer shape of the first roller is such that a cross section including the axial line has a wave shape in the axial direction. The outer shape of the roller has a complementary shape corresponding to the outer shape of the first roller, and the coefficient of friction of the surface of at least one of the first roller and the second roller is the first Provided is a sorting device which is set so that an object can be rotated with the roller while being attached to the surface of the roller by a frictional force.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the outer shape of the first roller includes a portion in which a cross section including the axis forms a wave shape in the axial direction, and a portion in which the cross section including the axis forms a straight line in the axial direction. It is preferable to have.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the wave-shaped portion includes a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and each of the convex portions has a maximum diameter of N1 to NM (M is 2). It is preferable that any one of the above integers, N1 <N2 <.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the wave-shaped portion includes a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and each of the concave portions has a minimum diameter of L1 to LM (M is 2 or more). Or an integer of L1> L2>...> LM)).

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the corrugated portions of the first roller and the second roller include a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and the plurality of convex shapes It is preferable that each of the portions and each of the plurality of concave portions have different friction coefficients.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the first roller and the second roller are arranged so that their axes are at the same height.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that either one of the first roller and the second roller is arranged at a position higher than the other axis.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that an angle formed by a line connecting the center of the first roller and the center of the second roller with the horizontal direction is 15 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the feed means includes at least one of at least one spiral groove and a convex body formed on the surfaces of the first roller and the second roller. Is preferred.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the feed unit includes an angle adjusting mechanism that adjusts an inclination angle of an axis of the first roller and the second roller, and the angle adjusting mechanism includes the first roller and the second roller. Inclining the first roller and the second roller so that the axis of the second roller is inclined downward in the vertical plane in the direction in which the object other than the first object advances. It is preferable that

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, one of the first roller and the second roller is formed to be rotatable around the other roller around the center of the other roller, It is preferable that a roller rotation control device that controls the rotation direction and rotation amount of any one of the rollers is provided.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that either one of the first roller and the second roller is fixed, and the driving unit rotates only the other roller.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that a member having the same outer peripheral surface as the outer peripheral surface of any one of the rollers is provided instead of any one of the rollers.

  In the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the member has a certain thickness.

  According to the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  First, it is possible to deal with fine foreign matters.

  In the conventional sorting apparatus 10, when the foreign matter is small, it is necessary to reduce the diameters of the first roller 12 and the second roller 14 according to the size of the foreign matter. Due to the above problem, there was a limit to the reduction of the roller diameter.

  On the other hand, according to the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to sort out fine foreign matter regardless of the size of the first roller or the second roller. That is, it is not necessary to reduce the diameter of the roller according to the size of the foreign matter, and it is possible to use a roller of any size.

  Secondly, it is possible to sort with high efficiency even foreign substances that have been conventionally considered difficult to sort.

  As described above, empirically, when hair (especially a short one) is mixed into fine particles (for example, chemical seasonings), it is extremely difficult to select and remove only the hair, or It has been said that it is almost impossible.

  On the other hand, according to the sorting apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to sort and remove hair with high probability (almost 100%) even when the hair is mixed in the fine particles.

It is a top view at the time of seeing the sorting device concerning a first embodiment of the present invention from the upper part. It is a side view of the sorting device at the time of seeing from the A direction of FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view of the sorting device when viewed from a direction B in FIG. 1. It is a top view of the 1st roller in a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows the force which acts on the hair mounted on the gap | interval formed between the 1st roller and the 2nd roller. It is the schematic which shows the force which acts on the hair in the moment in which the hair left | separated from the surface of the 2nd roller. 7A is a schematic diagram showing a linear gap formed between two cylindrical rollers, and FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing a zigzag gap in the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view. It is a top view of the 1st roller which provided the spiral groove. FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are plan views showing an example of surface processing of the first roller and the second roller. FIG. 10A is a plan view showing a modification of the first roller, and FIG. 10B is a plan view showing another modification of the first roller. It is a top view at the time of seeing the sorter concerning a second embodiment of the present invention from the upper part. It is a side view of the sorting device at the time of seeing from the A direction of FIG. It is a front view of the sorting device at the time of seeing from the B direction of FIG. It is a top view of the 1st roller in 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the 1st modification of the 1st roller in the 2nd embodiment of the present invention, and the 2nd roller. FIG. 16 (A) is a plan view of a second modification of the first roller in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 (B) is the first roller in the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the 3rd modification of. It is a schematic front view of the sorting device concerning a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of the sorting device concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic of the sorting device concerning a 5th embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20A is a plan view of a sorting apparatus according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 20A, and FIG. ) Is a cross-sectional view of the first modified example, and FIG. 20D is a cross-sectional view of the second modified example. It is a top view of the 1st roller used in the sorting device concerning a 7th embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view at the time of seeing the conventional sorting device from the upper part. FIG. 23 is a side view of the sorting device when viewed from the direction A in FIG. 22. FIG. 23 is a front view of the sorting device when viewed from a direction B in FIG. 22.

(First embodiment)
1 is a plan view of the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above, FIG. 2 is a side view of the sorting apparatus 100 when viewed from the direction A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 1 is a front view of a sorting device 100 when viewed from the B direction of FIG.

  The sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment sorts and removes only hair from a mixture of fine particles (for example, chemical seasonings) and hair mixed in the fine particles.

  The sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes a first roller 110, a second roller 120, and a motor 130 as a driving unit that rotates the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. Yes.

  Below the first roller 110 and the second roller 120, a first storage container 140 (see FIG. 2) that opens upward is disposed over the entire length of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. Has been.

  Further, in the vicinity of the ends of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 (the right end (lower end) in FIG. 2) and beyond the end, the second storage container 142 that opens upward is provided. (See FIG. 2) is arranged.

  Further, a hopper 141 (see FIG. 2) is disposed above the end portions (left end (upper end) in FIG. 2) of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view of the first roller 110.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the first roller 110 includes a cylindrical first portion 111, a cylindrical second portion 112 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first portion 111, a first portion 111, and a second portion. The third portion 113 is coupled to the portion 112.

  The third portion 113 is a cone having a circular top surface (or bottom surface) having a diameter equal to the diameter of the first portion 111 and a circular bottom surface (or top surface) having a diameter equal to the diameter of the second portion 112. It has a trapezoidal shape.

  The first portions 111 all have the same diameter and the same length (length in the axial direction Z of the first roller 110). Similarly, the second portions 112 all have the same diameter and the same length, and the third portions 113 all have the same inclination angle and the same length.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first portion 111, the second portion 112, and the third portion 113 are the first portion 111, the third portion 113, the second portion 112, and the third portion in the axial direction Z of the first roller 110. They are arranged in the order of 113.

  On the other hand, the second roller 120 has a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the first roller 110 so that a constant gap 114 can be maintained between the second roller 120 and the first roller 110. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the second roller 120 is shaped into a second portion that corresponds in shape to each first portion 111 of the first roller 110 and each second portion 112 of the first roller 110. The first portion corresponding to each other and the third portion corresponding to each third portion 113 of the first roller 110 in shape. Thus, the outer periphery of the first roller 110 and the outer periphery of the second roller 120 are complementary to each other in shape.

  The lengths of the first portion 111, the second portion 112, and the third portion 113 in the axial direction Z of the first roller 110 are not limited. The first part 111, the second part 112, and the third part 113 may have the same length as each other, or may have different lengths.

  The gap 114 between the outer edge of the first roller 110 and the outer edge of the second roller 120 is set to a certain size, specifically smaller than the size of the fine particles and hair. That is, the fine particles and hair do not fall downward from the gap 114 between the first roller 110 and the second roller 120.

  The first roller 110 and the second roller 120 can be made of a material such as metal, plastic, synthetic resin, or rubber, for example.

  The first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are arranged so that their axes are parallel to each other.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are arranged to be inclined. The hopper 141 is arranged above the end of each roller at the higher position. As will be described later, the inclined arrangement of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 causes the fine particles and hair to move in the axial direction Z of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 (specifically, the one with the higher inclination). Feed means for feeding in the direction from the lower side to the lower side).

  The motor 130 rotates the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 in directions opposite to each other. Specifically, the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 rotate in directions away from each other when viewed from above. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, when viewed from the B direction of FIG. 1, the motor 130 rotates the first roller 110 in the clockwise direction Y and the second roller 120 in the counterclockwise direction X.

  The friction coefficient of the surfaces of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 is such that the hair, which is a foreign object, is attached to the surface of the first roller 110 or the second roller 120 by the frictional force, and the first roller 110. Alternatively, it is set so that it can be rotated together with the second roller 120.

  Further, the friction coefficient of the surfaces of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 is such that the fine particles do not adhere to the surfaces of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120, and the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. With the rotation of the roller 120, it is set to be fed in the axial direction Z of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120.

  Hereinafter, a method for setting the friction coefficients of the surfaces of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the force acting on the hair 150 when the hair 150 as a foreign object is placed on the gap 114 formed between the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. .

It is assumed that the hair 150 is placed on a gap 114 formed between the second portion 112 of the first roller 110 and the first portion of the second roller 120. The angle formed by the line connecting the center of the first roller 110 and the center of the hair 150 with the horizontal line is θ ₁ , and the angle formed by the line connecting the center of the second roller 120 and the center of the hair 150 with the horizontal line is θ ₂ .

  As shown in FIG. 5, the following five forces are acting on the hair 150.

(1) Gravity W of hair 150 itself
(2) Vertical drag N1 acting on the hair 150 from the first roller 110
(3) Friction force R1 acting between the first roller 110 and the hair 150
(4) Vertical drag N2 acting on the hair 150 from the second roller 120
(5) Friction force R2 acting between the second roller 120 and the hair 150

  From the state shown in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 6, the hair 150 moves away from the surface of the second roller 120 and rotates with the first roller 110 while staying attached to the surface of the first roller 110 (clockwise Y ) Consider the state of the moment you start.

  In this state, since the hair 150 has moved away from the second roller 120, the normal drag N2 and the frictional force R2 do not act on the hair 150. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the force acting on the hair 150 is the following three.

(1) Gravity W of hair 150 itself
(2) Vertical drag N1 acting on the hair 150 from the first roller 110
(3) Friction force R1 acting between the first roller 110 and the hair 150

Since the component of the vertical drag N1 in the direction in which the frictional force R1 acts is zero, the force acting on the hair 150 in the direction in which the frictional force R1 acts is the frictional force R1 in the clockwise direction Y and the counterclockwise direction X. They are two of the Wcosθ ₁ orientation.

  Therefore, the conditions for the hair 150 to adhere to the first roller 110 and rotate in the clockwise direction Y together with the first roller 110 are as follows.

R1> Wcos θ ₁ (1)

  Here, the friction coefficient between the first roller 110 and the hair 150 is M1, the friction coefficient between the second roller 120 and the hair 150 is M2, and the first roller 110 and the fine particles (FIGS. 5 and 6). Friction coefficient R1 and R2 are expressed as follows, where L1 is a friction coefficient between the second roller 120 and the fine particles, and L2 is a friction coefficient between the second roller 120 and the fine particles.

R1 = M1 × N1 (2)
R2 = M2 × N2 (3)

  Further, the following equation is established from the balance of forces in the vertical direction in the state shown in FIG.

(N1 + R2) sin θ ₁ + (N2 + R1) sin θ ₂ = W (4)

  Substituting equation (4) into the conditional equation (1) yields:

R1> [(N1 + R2) sin θ ₁ + (N2 + R1) sin θ ₂ ] cos θ ₁ (5)

  Formula (5) represents a condition in which the hair 150 adheres to the first roller 110 and rotates in the clockwise direction Y together with the first roller 110.

In addition, since the diameter of the 1st roller 110 and the 2nd roller 120 is sufficiently large compared with the magnitude | size of the hair 150, it is possible to approximate (theta) ₁ = (theta) ₂ .

Furthermore, if the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are made of the same material, R1 = R2 and N1 = N2, so the above equation (5) is an approximate equation (7) as follows: (Θ ₁ = θ ₂ = θ, R1 = R2 = R, N1 = N2 = N).

Substituting Equation (2) and Equation (3) into Equation (5),
M × N> [(N + M × N) sin θ + (N + M × N) sin θ] cos θ (6)

  When this equation (6) is arranged, the following equation (7) is obtained.

  M / [2 (1 + M)]> sin θ · cos θ (7)

  Similarly, the condition that the hair 150 adheres to the second roller 120 and rotates in the counterclockwise direction X together with the second roller 120 is as follows.

R2> [(N1 + R2) sin θ ₁ + (N2 + R1) sin θ ₂ ] cos θ ₂ (8)

  The approximate expression of Expression (8) is expressed by Expression (7) as in the case of Expression (5).

  On the other hand, since the fine particles should not adhere to either the first roller 110 or the second roller 120, the following equations (9) and (9) are considered in the same way as the process of deriving the above equation (5). If (10) is satisfied, the feed is made along the gap between the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 without adhering to either the first roller 110 or the second roller 120. become.

Ra <[(Na + Rb) sin θ ₁ + (Nb + Ra) sin θ ₂ ] cos θ ₁ (9)
Rb <[(Na + Rb) sin θ ₁ + (Nb + Ra) sin θ ₂ ] cos θ ₂ (10)

  In Formula (9) and Formula (10), Na, Nb, Ra, and Rb show the following forces.

Na: normal force acting on the fine particles from the first roller 110 Ra: friction force acting between the first roller 110 and the fine particles Nb: normal force acting on the fine particles from the second roller 120 Rb: second Friction force acting between roller 120 and fine particles

As in the case of the hair 150, if approximated as θ ₁ = θ ₂ = θ, Ra = Rb = R, Na = Nb = N, the equations (9) and (10) can be expressed as the following equation (11): Can be approximated.

  T / [2 (1 + T)] <sin θ · cos θ (11)

  In the equation (11), T represents a coefficient of friction between the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 and the fine particles.

  As described above, by setting the respective friction coefficients and angles so that the formulas (5), (8), (9) and (10) (or the formula (7) or the formula (11) are established, 150 rotates with the first roller 110 or the second roller 120 in a state of being attached to either the first roller 110 or the second roller 120, and is outside the first roller 110 or the second roller 120. On the other hand, the fine particles do not adhere to any of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120, and the first particle is moved along the gap 114 between the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. As the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 rotate, the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are fed in the axial direction Z.

  The sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment having the above-described structure operates as follows.

  First, a mixture in which hair 150 and fine particles are mixed is put into hopper 141. The mixture thrown into the hopper 141 falls downward from the dropping port 141a.

  The drop port 141 a is directed to the gap 114 formed between the first roller 110 and the second roller 120, and the mixture dropped from the drop port 141 a is in a state of riding on the gap 114.

  The friction coefficient between the first roller 110 and the hair 150 is M1, the friction coefficient between the second roller 120 and the hair 150 is M2, the friction coefficient between the first roller 110 and the fine particles is L1, The coefficient of friction between the second roller 120 and the fine particles is set so that the above equations (5), (8), (9), and (10) are satisfied.

  For this reason, among the mixture that has fallen onto the gap 114, the hair 150 remains attached to the surface of the first roller 110 due to the frictional force between the hair 150 and the surface of the first roller 110. It rotates in the clockwise direction Y and falls into the first storage container 140 from the outside of the first roller 110.

  Alternatively, the hair 150 rotates counterclockwise X together with the second roller 120 while being attached to the surface of the second roller 120 due to the frictional force between the second roller 120 and the second roller 120. It falls from the outside of the roller 120 into the first storage container 140.

  Since the gap 114 has a zigzag shape along the outer edge of the first roller 110 or the second roller 120, the hair 150 fed with the fine particles on the gap 114 is compared with the case where the gap 114 is linear. Thus, the probability of contact with the first roller 110 or the second roller 120 is high.

  FIG. 7A shows a linear gap 114 formed between two cylindrical rollers, and FIG. 7B shows a zigzag gap 114 in this embodiment.

  When the hair 150 is mixed with the fine particles and fed along the linear gap 114 shown in FIG. 7A, if the hair 150 is buried in the fine particles, the hair 150 is The probability of contacting the surface of the roller 110 or the second roller 120 is low.

  On the other hand, when the hair 150 is mixed with the fine particles and fed along the zigzag gap 114 shown in FIG. 7B, the feed direction changes alternately left and right, so that the hair 150 is the first roller. The probability of contact with the surface of 110 or the second roller 120 is much greater than in the case of the linear gap 114.

  For example, when the hair 150 is fed in the direction of the arrow 115A, the hair 150 contacts the second roller 120 at a point 115B where the traveling direction changes. Further, when hair 150 is fed in the direction of arrow 115C, hair 150 contacts first roller 110 at a point 115D where the traveling direction changes. As described above, when the hair 150 is fed along the zigzag gap 114, the probability that the hair 150 is in contact with the surface of the first roller 110 or the second roller 120 at a place where the traveling direction changes is remarkably large. Become.

  If the hair 150 contacts the surface of the first roller 110 or the second roller 120, the first roller 110 adheres to the first roller 110 or the second roller 120 by frictional force as described above. Or it rotates together with the second roller 120 and falls into the first storage container 140.

  Of the mixture falling on the gap 114, the fine particles adhere to the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 and do not rotate together with the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. 110 and the second roller 120 are inclined (see FIG. 2), so that the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are moved on the gap 114 as the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 rotate. The second roller 120 is fed in the axial direction (Z direction).

  The fine particles fall downward and are stored in the second storage container 142 when they pass through the end portions (the right end (lower end) in FIG. 2) of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120.

  As described above, in the sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the hair 150 out of the mixture in which the hair 150 and the fine particles are mixed is applied to the first roller 110 or the second roller 120 by frictional force. With the attached state, it rotates together with the first roller 110 or the second roller 120, falls to the outside of the first roller 110 or the second roller 120, and is stored in the first storage container 140.

  On the other hand, since the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are arranged to be inclined, the fine particles are formed along the gap 114 between the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. It is fed in the axial direction Z of the roller 110 and the second roller 120 and is finally stored in the second storage container 142.

  Thus, according to the sorting device 100 according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  First, it is possible to deal with fine foreign matters.

  In the conventional sorting apparatus 10, when the foreign matter is small, it is necessary to reduce the diameters of the first roller 12 and the second roller 14 according to the size of the foreign matter. Due to the above problem, there was a limit to the reduction of the roller diameter.

  On the other hand, according to the sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to sort fine foreign matters regardless of the diameter of the first roller 110 or the second roller 120. That is, it is not necessary to reduce the diameter of the roller according to the size of the foreign matter, and it is possible to use a roller having an arbitrary diameter.

  Secondly, it is possible to sort with high efficiency even foreign substances that have been conventionally considered difficult to sort.

  As described above, empirically, when hair (especially a short one) is mixed into fine particles (for example, chemical seasonings), it is extremely difficult to select and remove only the hair, or It has been said that it is almost impossible.

  On the other hand, according to the sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to sort and remove hair with a high probability (almost 100%) even when hair is mixed in fine particles. .

  The sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is not limited to the above structure, and various modifications can be made.

  In the sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the two types of mixture of the hair 150 and the fine particles are targeted for sorting. However, it is also possible to target a mixture containing three or more types of blends. In this case, it is possible to select one type from among three or more types, or depending on how the friction coefficient is set, select two or more types from three or more types at once. It is also possible to do.

  Further, in the sorting device 100 according to the present embodiment, the friction coefficient of the surfaces of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 so that the hair 150 adheres to both the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. However, it is also possible to set the friction coefficient so that the hair 150 adheres to only one of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. For example, by setting the coefficient of friction so that Equation (5) and Equation (9) are satisfied only for the first roller 110, the hair 150 adheres to the first roller 110 and rotates together with the first roller 110 in the clockwise direction. Rotate to Y and drop into the first storage container 140.

  Further, in the sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are inclined (see FIG. 2) to feed the fine particles in the axial direction Z. Instead of inclining the roller 110 and the second roller 120, a spiral groove or a convex body is formed on one or both of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 as a feed means. Is also possible.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, by providing a spiral groove 116 in one of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120, the fine particles that have entered the spiral groove 116 are first With the rotation of the second roller 110 and the second roller 120, the feed is made in the axial direction Z.

  The number of spiral grooves 116 or convex bodies is not limited to one. Two or more spiral grooves 116 or convex bodies can be formed on the surfaces of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120.

  Furthermore, it is possible to form both the groove 116 and the convex body at the same time instead of either one.

  In the sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are arranged so that a gap 114 is formed between them, but the gap 114 is formed. It is not always necessary to do. That is, the gap may be zero. That is, the outer edge of the first roller 110 and the outer edge of the second roller 120 may be disposed in contact with each other. For this reason, the gap 114 includes a zero gap.

  In the sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, as long as each coefficient of friction satisfies the above equations (5) and (7) to (11), the material of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 is used. Is optional.

  For example, as the first roller 110 and the second roller 120, the surface of the heat-treated iron roller is plated, or the surface of the heat-treated iron roller is coated with rubber or resin. Things can be used.

  Furthermore, in order to increase the friction coefficient of the surface of one or both of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120, surface processing can be performed.

  9A and 9B are plan views showing an example of surface processing.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 9A, fine convex objects 117 can be formed in a matrix on one or both surfaces of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. Alternatively, the convex object 117 can be formed at random.

  Moreover, it can replace with the convex object 117 and can also form a concave hollow.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 9B, one or both surfaces of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120. The ring-shaped grooves 118 can be formed at regular intervals or at irregular intervals.

  Further, in the sorting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the first portion 111 is configured to have a predetermined length, but as shown in FIG. The length of the first portion 111 may be zero. That is, in this case, the surface (top surface or bottom surface) having the maximum diameter of the third portion 113 also serves as the first portion 111.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 10B, the length of the second portion 112 can be zero. In other words, in this case, the surface (top surface or bottom surface) having the smallest diameter of the third portion 113 also serves as the second portion 112.

(Second embodiment)
11 is a plan view of the sorting apparatus 100A according to the second embodiment of the present invention when viewed from above, FIG. 12 is a side view of the sorting apparatus 100A when viewed from the direction A of FIG. 11, and FIG. 11 is a front view of the sorting device 100A when viewed from the B direction of FIG.

  Compared with the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the sorting apparatus 100A according to the present embodiment replaces the first roller 110A with the second roller 120 instead of the first roller 110. The second roller 120A is used. Except for this point, the sorting apparatus 100A according to the present embodiment has the same structure as the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. For this reason, the same reference numerals are used for the same components.

  FIG. 14 is a plan view of the first roller 110A in the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 14, the outer shape of the first roller 110 </ b> A has a cross section including an axis thereof having a wave shape in the axial direction Z.

  In the first embodiment, the first portion 111, the second portion 112, and the third portion 113 of the first roller 110 all have a linear outer edge, but the first roller 110A in the present embodiment. Is configured to have a curved outer edge.

  Specifically, the first roller 110A is composed of three convex portions 111A and two concave portions 112A. The two concave portions 112A are formed between the three convex portions 111A. The three convex portions 111A have the same shape, and the two concave portions 112A have the same shape.

  Each convex portion 111A is formed in an arc shape so as to protrude outward from the axis of the first roller 110A. Each convex portion 111A has a maximum diameter at its center (center in the axial direction Z of the first roller 110A) 111S, and has a minimum diameter at both ends 111T and 111U. That is, each convex portion 111A has an arc shape with the center 111S as a vertex and both ends 111T and 111U as bottom points.

  Each concave portion 112A is formed in a concave arc shape outward from the axis of the first roller 110A. Each concave portion 112A has a minimum diameter at the center (center in the axial direction Z of the first roller 110A) 112S, and has a maximum diameter at both ends 112T and 112U. That is, each concave portion 112A has an arc shape with the center 112S as the bottom point and the ends 112T and 112U as vertices.

  Connection portions between the respective convex portions 111A and the respective concave portions 112A are also formed in a curved shape.

  On the other hand, the second roller 120A has a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the first roller 110A so that a constant gap 114A can be maintained between the second roller 120A and the first roller 110A. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, the second roller 120A is shaped into a concave portion corresponding in shape to each convex portion 111A of the first roller 110A and each concave portion 112A of the first roller 110A. And a convex portion corresponding to the. Thus, the outer periphery of the first roller 110A and the outer periphery of the second roller 120A are complementary to each other in shape.

  There is no limitation on the length of the convex portion 111A and the length of the concave portion 112A in the axial direction Z of the first roller 110A. The convex portion 111A may be longer or shorter than the concave portion 112A. Alternatively, the length of the convex portion 111A may be equal to the length of the concave portion 112A.

  The same effect as that of the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment can also be obtained by the sorting apparatus 100A according to the present embodiment.

  The sorting apparatus 100A according to the present embodiment is not limited to the above structure, and various modifications can be made.

  The shapes of the first roller 110A and the second roller 120A shown in FIG. 11 are examples. The shape of the first roller 110A and the second roller 120A includes any shape as long as the outer edge exhibits a corrugated shape.

  FIG. 15 is a plan view of a first roller 210 and a second roller 220 as a first modification of the first roller 110A and the second roller 120A.

  The first roller 210 in the present modification is configured by a portion 211 in which a cross section including the axis forms a wave shape in the axial direction, and a portion 212 in which the cross section including the axis forms a straight line in the axial direction. ing.

  The corrugated portion 211 has the same shape as the convex portion 111A in the second embodiment.

  The straight portion 212 has an outer edge parallel to the axis of the first roller 210 and has a cylindrical shape.

  Wave portions 211 and linear portions 212 are alternately formed in the axial direction of the first roller 210.

  By using the first roller 210 and the second roller 220 in the present embodiment, the same as the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, similarly to the sorting apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment. The effect of.

  Furthermore, since it is not necessary to form the concave portion 112A in the first roller 210, the manufacturing efficiency of the first roller 210 can be increased as compared with the first roller 110A in the second embodiment. The same applies to the second roller 220A.

  In the present modification, the first roller 210 is configured as a combination of a wave-shaped portion 211 and a linear portion 212 as the convex portion 111A. It is also possible to configure the roller 210 as a combination of the following.

(1) A combination of a corrugated portion 211 as the concave portion 112A and a linear portion 212 (2) a corrugated portion 211 as the convex portion 111A and a corrugated shape as the concave portion 112A A combination of the portion 211 and the straight portion 212

  In the sorting device 100A according to the second embodiment, all the convex portions 111A have the same shape, but it is not always necessary to make all the convex portions 111A have the same shape.

  FIG. 16A is a plan view of a first roller 310 as a second modification of the first roller 110A.

  In the first roller 310 used in this modification, all the convex portions do not have the same shape, but have different shapes from each other. Each concave portion 112A has the same shape.

  Specifically, the first convex portion 311 has the maximum diameter N1, the second convex portion 312 adjacent to the first convex portion 311 has the maximum diameter N2, and the second convex shape. The third convex portion 313 adjacent to the portion 312 has a maximum diameter N3.

  The maximum diameter N2 is larger than the maximum diameters N1 and N3, and the maximum diameter N1 is larger than the maximum diameter N3 (N3 <N1 <N2).

  As described above, even if the shapes (specifically, the maximum diameter) of the convex portions 311, 312, and 313 are different from each other, the same effect as that of the sorting device according to the second embodiment can be obtained. it can.

  Of the plurality of convex portions, for example, the maximum diameters of the two convex portions may be equal, and the maximum diameters of the other convex portions may be different from each other.

  Contrary to the first roller 310 shown in FIG. 16 (A), it is also possible that all the convex portions have the same shape and the concave portions have different shapes.

  FIG. 16B is a plan view of a first roller 310A as a third modification of the first roller 110A.

  As shown in FIG. 16B, in the first roller 310A according to this modification, all the concave portions do not have the same shape, but have different shapes from each other. All the convex portions 111 have the same shape.

  Specifically, the first concave portion 314 has a minimum diameter L1 and the second concave portion 315 adjacent to the first concave portion 314 has a minimum diameter L2 and is adjacent to the second concave portion 315. The third concave portion 316 has a minimum diameter L3.

  The minimum diameter L1 is smaller than the minimum diameter L2, and the minimum diameter L2 is smaller than the minimum diameter L3 (L1 <L2 <L3).

  As described above, even if the shapes (specifically, the minimum diameter) of the concave portions 314, 315, and 316 are different from each other, the same effect as that of the sorting device according to the second embodiment can be obtained. .

  Of the plurality of concave portions, for example, the two concave portions may have the same minimum diameter, and the other concave portions may have different minimum diameters.

(Third embodiment)
In the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, the axes of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are set to the same height, but the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are set. It is not always necessary to set each axis of the same height. One axis can be set higher than the other axis.

  FIG. 17 is a schematic front view of a sorting apparatus 400 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 17, in the sorting device 400 according to this embodiment, the axis of the first roller 110 is set at a position higher than the axis of the second roller 120. Except for this point, the sorting apparatus 400 according to the present embodiment has the same structure as the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.

  Thus, even if the heights of the axes of the two rollers 110 and 120 are set to be different from each other, the same effect as that of the sorting device 100 according to the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in the case of this embodiment, since the hair 150 will adhere to the 2nd roller 120 which is a roller with a lower axis line, if the above-mentioned friction coefficient is set only with respect to the 2nd roller 120, it will be. Well, there is no need to do this for the first roller 110.

  Further, an angle θ formed by a line connecting the center of the second roller 120 and the center of the first roller 110 with the horizontal direction is set within a range of 15 degrees to 60 degrees.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 18 is a side view of a sorting apparatus 500 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  Compared with the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, the sorting apparatus 500 according to the present embodiment is additionally provided with an angle adjustment mechanism 510. Except for this point, the sorting apparatus 500 according to the present embodiment has the same structure as the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.

  The angle adjusting mechanism 510 has a function of inclining the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 to an arbitrary angle, and the angle adjusting mechanism 510 functions as a feed unit that feeds the fine particles in the axial direction Z.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the angle adjustment mechanism 510 includes a motor 511 and a link member 512 having one end connected to the drive shaft of the motor 511.

  The other end of the link member 512 is rotatably connected to a side wall plate 514 </ b> A supporting the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 via a pivot 513.

  In addition, the other side wall plate 514 </ b> B supporting the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 is also connected to one end of the link member 516 via the pivot 515, and the other end of the link member 516. Is fixed to the floor surface via a pivot 517 so as to be rotatable.

  The first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are maintained in an inclined state by the angle adjustment mechanism 510 so that the side wall plate 514B is located downward. When the motor 511 rotates the link member 512 in the clockwise direction S, the inclination angle of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 increases, and conversely, the motor 511 rotates the link member 512 in the counterclockwise direction R. And the inclination angle of the 1st roller 110 and the 2nd roller 120 becomes small.

  In the sorting device 100 according to the first embodiment, the tilt angles of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are fixed, whereas in the sorting device 500 according to the present embodiment, the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are fixed. The inclination angle of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 can be changed to an arbitrary angle. That is, by adjusting the inclination angle of the first roller 110 and the second roller 120, the speed at which the grain is fed can be arbitrarily adjusted, and as a result, the selection speed between the hair 150 and the fine grain can be arbitrarily set. It is possible to adjust to the value of.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a sorting apparatus 600 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  Compared with the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, the sorting apparatus 600 according to the present embodiment uses a first roller 610 instead of the first roller 110, and additionally includes a roller rotation control apparatus 630. Is prepared. Except for these points, the sorting apparatus 600 according to the present embodiment has the same structure as the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.

  The first roller 110 in the first embodiment is a fixed roller (that is, a roller fixed at a fixed position), whereas the first roller 620 in the present embodiment is the second roller 120. Is formed so as to be rotatable around the second roller 120 around the center 121 thereof.

  The roller rotation control device 630 controls the rotation direction and the rotation amount (rotation angle) when the first roller 620 rotates around the second roller 120. That is, the operator of the sorting device 600 can change the frictional force between the surface of the first roller 610 or the second roller 120 and the hair 150 and other factors through the roller rotation control device 630. An angle θ formed by a line connecting the center 121 of the second roller 120 and the center 611 of the first roller 610 with the horizontal direction can be set to an arbitrary angle.

  As described in the fourth embodiment, the rotation direction and the rotation amount of the first roller 610 are within the range where the angle θ is 15 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less (15 ° ≦ θ ≦ 60 °). Thus, it is preferable to set.

(Sixth embodiment)
In the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, both the first roller 110 and the second roller 120 are configured to rotate by the motor 130, but the first roller 110 and the second roller are configured. It is not necessary to rotate both of 120. It is also possible to rotate only one of them. For example, it is possible to fix the second roller 120 and rotate only the first roller 110.

  In this case, the hair 150 adheres only to the first roller 110, rotates with the first roller 110, and falls into the first storage container 140.

  For example, when the second roller 120 is fixed (when not rotated), it is not necessary to provide the second roller 120 itself, and an equivalent member can be provided instead of the second roller 120. It's enough.

  FIG. 20A is a plan view of a sorting apparatus 700 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

  In the sorting apparatus 700 according to the present embodiment, a block 710 is disposed at the position of the second roller 120 instead of the second roller 120.

  The block 710 has the same outer peripheral surface as the outer peripheral surface of the second roller 120, and is fixed at a position where a gap 114 (see FIG. 5) is formed between the block 710 and the first roller 110.

  In the sorting apparatus 700 according to this embodiment, the hair 150 adheres to the first roller 110, rotates in the clockwise direction Y together with the first roller 110, and falls into the first storage container 140.

  Also according to the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Furthermore, the thickness of the block 710 is not necessarily the same as the thickness of the second roller 120, and is constant as long as a gap 114 (see FIG. 5) is formed between the block 710 and the first roller 110. It is possible to make it the thickness of.

  Further, the block 710 can be configured to be movable in the horizontal direction. By making the block 710 horizontally movable, the gap between the block 710 and the first roller 110 can be adjusted to an arbitrary value.

  Further, it is not always necessary that the block 710 has the same outer peripheral surface as the outer peripheral surface of the second roller 120. For example, as shown in FIG. 20C, a rectangular parallelepiped block 710A is used. It is also possible.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 20D, it is also possible to use a block 710B in which the lateral end surface has a concave arc shape.

(Seventh embodiment)
FIG. 21 is a plan view of the first roller 810 used in the sorting apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

  The sorting apparatus according to the present embodiment uses a first roller 810 and a second roller (not shown) corresponding to the first roller 810 in place of the first roller 110, except that the first roller 110 is used. It has the same structure as the sorting apparatus 100 according to one embodiment.

  The first roller 810 in this embodiment is identical in shape to the first roller 110 in the first embodiment. However, unlike the first roller 110 in the first embodiment, the friction coefficients of the surfaces of the first part, the second part, and the third part are set to different values.

  The same applies to a second roller (not shown) corresponding to the first roller 810. Specifically, the second part of the second roller corresponding to the first part of the first roller 810 has the same coefficient of friction as the first part of the first roller 810. Hereinafter, the same applies to the second part and the third part of the first roller 810.

  As shown in FIG. 21, in the axial direction Z, the 1st roller 810 is the 3rd part 811, the 1st part 812, the 3rd part 813, the 2nd part 814, ..., the 3rd part 819, the 1st part. 820, when the third portion 821 is provided, the friction coefficient of the surface of each portion from the third portion 811 to the third portion 821 is set to increase in order along the axial direction Z. .

  That is, when the friction coefficients of the respective surfaces of the third portion 811 to the third portion 821 are F1 to F11, the following relationship is established.

  F1 <F2 <F3 <・ ・ ・ ・ ・ <F9 <F10 <F11

  By using the first roller 810 and the second roller corresponding to the first roller 810 in the present embodiment, not only the hair 150 but also a plurality of types of foreign substances can be simultaneously selected.

  That is, each part is sorted in order from a foreign substance having a large frictional force with the first roller 810 or the second roller. Specifically, the foreign matter having the largest frictional force with the first roller 810 or the second roller is sorted in the first third portion 811. Foreign matter having the next largest frictional force with the first roller 810 or the second roller is sorted in the first portion 812. Thereafter, sorting is performed in the same manner, and the foreign matter having the smallest frictional force with the first roller 810 or the second roller is sorted at the last third portion 821.

  As described above, by using the first roller 810 and the second roller corresponding to the first roller 810 as in the sorting device according to the present embodiment, it is possible to sort a plurality of foreign matters having different friction coefficients at a time. It becomes possible.

  In order to make the friction coefficients of the surfaces of the third portion 811 to the third portion 821 different, for example, the following means can be used.

(1) Apply a paint having a different friction coefficient to the surface of each part 811 to 821. (2) Coat a material having a different friction coefficient to the surface of each part 811 to 821. (3) Form on the surface of each part 811 to 821. (4) Change the material of each portion 811 to 821 (4) Change the material density of the convex or concave bodies (for example, those shown in FIG. 9 (A) and FIG. 9 (B)) The method of setting the friction coefficients of the portions 811 to 821 is an example, and other setting methods can be adopted.

  For example, the third portion 811 and the first portion 812 are set as one region, a first friction coefficient is given to this region, the third portion 813 and the second portion 814 are set as one region, and the second portion is set in this region. It is also possible to set the friction coefficient such that the friction coefficient is given.

100 Sorting device 110 according to the first embodiment of the present invention 110 First roller 111 First part 112 Second part 113 Third part 114 Gap 120 Second roller 130 Motor 140 First storage container 141 Hopper 142 Second Storage container 210 First roller 220 according to the first modification of the second embodiment of the present invention Second roller 310 according to the first modification of the second embodiment of the present invention Second of the present invention First roller 400 according to second modification in embodiment of the present invention Sorting device 500 according to the third embodiment of the present invention Sorting device 510 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention Angle adjustment mechanism 600 of the present invention Sorting device 610 according to fifth embodiment First roller 630 used in sorting device according to fifth embodiment of the present invention 700 roller rotation control device 700 First roller for use in sorting apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the sorting apparatus 710 block 810 the present invention according to a sixth embodiment of the light

Claims (18)

A sorting apparatus that sorts the first product from a mixture in which a first product to an Nth product (N is a positive integer of 2 or more) is mixed,
A first roller;
A gap that is smaller than any of the first to Nth objects and has an axis parallel to the axis of the first roller is formed between the first roller and the first roller, or A second roller in contact with the first roller at the outer edge;
Driving means for rotating the first roller and the second roller;
Feed means;
With
The driving means rotates the first roller and the second roller in directions opposite to each other and in directions away from each other when the first roller and the second roller are viewed from above. Let
In the sorting device which feeds the first to Nth items in the axial direction of the first roller and the second roller, the feeding means,
The first roller has a cylindrical first portion, a cylindrical second portion having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the first portion, and a frustoconical third portion connecting the first portion and the second portion. And consists of
The outer shape of the second roller has a complementary shape corresponding to the outer shape of the first roller;
The friction coefficient of the surface of at least one of the first roller and the second roller can be rotated together with the roller while the first object is attached to the surface of the roller by friction force. It is set so that it may be. The first roller has a plurality of the first portions, and at least two of the plurality of first portions have different diameters. 2. The sorting apparatus according to 1. The first roller has a plurality of second portions, and at least two of the plurality of second portions have different diameters. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The first roller and the second roller are composed of a plurality of regions in their axial directions, and the friction coefficients of the surfaces of the first roller and the second roller are different in each of the regions. The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A sorting apparatus that sorts the first product from a mixture in which a first product to an Nth product (N is a positive integer of 2 or more) is mixed,
A first roller;
A gap that is smaller than any of the first to Nth objects and has an axis parallel to the axis of the first roller is formed between the first roller and the first roller, or A second roller in contact with the first roller at the outer edge;
Driving means for rotating the first roller and the second roller;
Feed means;
With
The driving means rotates the first roller and the second roller in directions opposite to each other and in directions away from each other when the first roller and the second roller are viewed from above. Let
In the sorting device which feeds the first to Nth items in the axial direction of the first roller and the second roller,
The outer shape of the first roller is such that the cross section including the axis forms a wave shape in the axis direction,
The outer shape of the second roller has a complementary shape corresponding to the outer shape of the first roller;
The friction coefficient of the surface of at least one of the first roller and the second roller can be rotated together with the roller while the first object is attached to the surface of the roller by friction force. It is set so that it may be. The outer shape of the first roller has a portion in which a cross section including the axis forms a wave shape in the axial direction, and a portion in which the cross section including the axis forms a linear shape in the axial direction. The sorting apparatus according to claim 5. The corrugated portion includes a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and each of the convex portions has a maximum diameter of N1 to NM (M is an integer of 2 or more, N1 <N2 <. .. <NM)), The sorting device according to claim 5 or 6. The corrugated portion includes a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and each of the concave portions has a minimum diameter of L1 to LM (M is an integer of 2 or more, L1> L2> 8> The sorting device according to claim 5, wherein the sorting device is any one of> LM)). The corrugated portions of the first roller and the second roller include a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and each of the plurality of convex portions and the plurality of concave shapes. The sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein each of the portions has a coefficient of friction different from each other. The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first roller and the second roller are arranged so that their axes are at the same height. The sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein any one of the first roller and the second roller is disposed at a position higher than the other axis. The sorting apparatus according to claim 11, wherein an angle formed by a line connecting the center of the first roller and the center of the second roller with the horizontal direction is 15 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less. 13. The feed means is composed of at least one of at least one spiral groove and a convex body formed on the surfaces of the first roller and the second roller. The sorting device according to any one of the above. The feed means comprises an angle adjusting mechanism that adjusts the inclination angle of the axis of the first roller and the second roller,
The angle adjusting mechanism includes the first roller and the second roller such that the axes of the first roller and the second roller are inclined downward in a vertical plane in a direction in which an object other than the first object travels. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second roller and the second roller are inclined. Either one of the first roller and the second roller is formed to be rotatable around the other roller around the center of the other roller,
The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, further comprising a roller rotation control device that controls a rotation direction and a rotation amount of any one of the rollers. Either one of the first roller and the second roller is fixed, and the driving means rotates only the other roller. The sorting apparatus according to one item. The sorting apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising a member having an outer peripheral surface identical to the outer peripheral surface of any one of the rollers instead of any one of the rollers. The sorting device according to claim 17, wherein the member has a constant thickness.

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