JP2013036620A - Ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation device capable of preventing rainwater from entering a building.SOLUTION: The ventilation device 10 includes: a first cylinder part 16 having a first center axis L1 extending in a vertical direction, and through which air in the building passes to the outside; a second cylinder part 20 having a second center axis L2 overlapped with the first center axis L1, and disposed to be radially outside of the first cylinder part 16 and to be spaced from the first cylinder part 16 so that an upper end 20a is positioned above an upper end 16a of the first cylinder part 16 and a lower end 20b is positioned below the upper end 16a of the first cylinder part 16; an impeller 22 having a plurality of exhaust rotary blades 38 disposed above the first cylinder part 16 and disposed inside of the second cylinder part 20, and rotated around the first center axis L1 as a center thereof; and a windmill 24 (torque generation means) generating torque rotating the impeller 22.

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation device that discharges air inside a building to the outside by an impeller having a plurality of rotating blades.

  Patent Document 1 describes an example of a conventional ventilation device. The ventilation device includes an exhaust passage that communicates the interior and exterior of a building, a windmill disposed outside the building, a rotating blade disposed in the exhaust passage, and a rotating shaft that transmits the rotational force of the windmill to the rotating blade. And. In this ventilator, when the windmill receives wind and rotates, the rotating shaft and the rotating blades are rotated accordingly, and the air inside the building is discharged to the outside by the air blowing action of the rotating blades. At this time, the air outside the building is taken into the building from the window or the air inlet or the like, and thereby the air inside the building is ventilated.

JP 2008-111620 A

  According to the ventilation apparatus described in patent document 1, the air inside a building can be efficiently ventilated using wind power. However, since rainwater enters the exhaust passage from the opening at the top of the exhaust passage, there is a possibility that the rainwater enters the building through the exhaust passage.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation device that can prevent rainwater from entering a building.

  In order to solve the above problems, a ventilator of the present invention has a first central axis extending in the vertical direction, a first cylindrical portion that allows air inside a building to pass outward, and the first central axis. The first cylinder so that its upper end is located above the upper end of the first cylindrical portion and its lower end is located below the upper end of the first cylindrical portion. A second cylindrical portion disposed on the outer side in the radial direction of the portion and spaced apart from the first cylindrical portion; and an exhaust unit disposed above the first cylindrical portion and inside the second cylindrical portion. And an impeller rotated about the second central axis, and a rotational force generating means for generating a rotational force for rotating the impeller.

  In this configuration, since the second cylindrical portion is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction of the first cylindrical portion and spaced from the first cylindrical portion, an annular ring that discharges rainwater between the first cylindrical portion and the second cylindrical portion. A drain can be constructed. Further, since the lower end of the second cylindrical portion is located below the upper end of the first cylindrical portion, there is no gap between the second cylindrical portion and the first cylindrical portion when viewed from the side, and the second Rainwater can be prevented from entering the inside of the first cylindrical portion from between the cylindrical portion and the first cylindrical portion. Furthermore, since a plurality of exhaust rotary blades are disposed above the first cylindrical portion and inside the second cylindrical portion, rainwater that has fallen on the upper surface of the rotary blades is centrifuged by the second cylinder. The rainwater can flow down along the inner surface of the second cylindrical portion and can be discharged to the outside from the annular drainage port. The rotational force generating means includes a motor rotated by electric power in addition to a windmill rotated by outside wind.

  The maximum outer diameter of the plurality of rotary blades may be larger than the inner diameter of the upper end of the first cylindrical portion.

  In this configuration, in the portion having the maximum outer diameter (hereinafter referred to as “maximum outer diameter portion”) among the plurality of rotary blades, the opening at the top of the first cylindrical portion can be covered over the entire length in the radial direction. Therefore, even if there is a gap between adjacent rotating blades, the entire opening of the first cylindrical portion can be substantially covered by the rotated maximum outer diameter portion.

  The rotational force generating means has a plurality of wind vanes extending in the vertical direction, and the plurality of wind vanes are arranged in a substantially circular shape in plan view along the outer peripheral surface of the second cylindrical portion, and the rotation The force generating means and the second cylindrical portion may be rotated together.

  In this configuration, a turbine type windmill is used as the rotational force generating means. In this configuration, since the second cylindrical portion is rotated together with the rotational force generating means, the drain port is disposed between the second cylindrical portion that is rotated and the first cylindrical portion that is not rotated. Interference between the part and the first cylindrical part can be prevented by the drain port.

  An edge located forward in the rotational direction of the rotating blade is inclined so as to become lower radially outward from the second central axis, and rainwater that has fallen on the upper surface of the rotating blade is formed on the edge. A rainwater guide is formed to guide the rainwater guide radially outward, and a downstream end portion of the rainwater guide may be disposed radially outward from an outer peripheral edge of an upper end of the first cylindrical portion.

  In this configuration, when rainwater falls on the upper surface of the rotary blade, the rainwater flows on the upper surface of the rotary blade, reaches the rainwater guide, further flows through the rainwater guide, and falls from the downstream end thereof. Since the downstream end portion of the rainwater guide is disposed radially outside the outer peripheral edge of the upper end of the first cylindrical portion, rainwater that has dropped from the downstream end portion does not fall inside the first cylindrical portion.

  When the plurality of rotating blades are viewed from above, the plurality of rotating blades may be arranged such that no gap is formed between the adjacent rotating blades.

  In this configuration, rainwater can be prevented from falling to the inside of the first cylindrical portion from between adjacent rotary blades.

  According to the ventilator of the present invention, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the building with a simple configuration.

It is a front view which shows the use condition of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the perspective view seen from diagonally upward which shows the structure of a ventilation apparatus. It is the perspective view seen from the slanting lower part which shows the structure of a ventilation apparatus. It is the perspective view seen from diagonally upward which shows the structure of a part of ventilation apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a part of ventilation apparatus. It is an expanded sectional view showing some composition of a ventilator. It is a top view which shows the state which looked at several rotary blades from upper direction. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on other embodiment.

  Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Configuration of ventilation device)
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a use state of a ventilation device 10 according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilator 10 naturally ventilates the air in the interior S1 of a building 12 such as a factory and a warehouse by using wind power of outside air. The roof 12a of the building 12 is provided with an exhaust passage 14 having a substantially circular shape (not shown) in plan view that communicates the interior S1 and the exterior S2 of the building 12 so as to extend in the vertical direction. A ventilation device 10 is attached.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of the ventilator 10 as viewed from obliquely above, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of the ventilator 10 as viewed from diagonally below. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a partial configuration of the ventilator 10 as viewed obliquely from above, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial configuration of the ventilator 10. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of the configuration of the ventilator 10, and FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state in which the plurality of rotary blades 38 are viewed from above. In FIG. 2, a part of the windmill 24 is omitted to show the internal structure of the ventilation device 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the ventilator 10 is disposed at the center of the first cylindrical portion 16 and the first cylindrical portion 16 that allows the air in the interior S <b> 1 of the building 12 (FIG. 1) to pass toward the exterior S <b> 2. The rotary shaft portion 18, the second cylindrical portion 20 disposed on the radially outer side of the first cylindrical portion 16, and the exhaust impeller 22 rotatably attached to the rotary shaft portion 18 are provided. . As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ventilator 10 includes a windmill 24 as “rotational force generating means” that generates a rotational force that rotates the impeller 22.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the first cylindrical portion 16 has a first central axis L1 extending in the vertical direction, and the lower end portion of the first cylindrical portion 16 has an outer diameter of the exhaust passage 14 (FIG. 1). The upper end portion of the first cylindrical portion 16 is formed so that its inner and outer diameters gradually become smaller toward the upper end. As shown in FIG. 1, when attaching the ventilation device 10 to the exhaust passage 14, the lower end portion of the first cylindrical portion 16 is fitted inside or outside (in this embodiment, inside) the upper end portion of the exhaust passage 14, The first cylindrical portion 16 and the exhaust passage 14 are connected using bolts, nuts, and the like (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the rotating shaft portion 18 rotatably supports a rod-shaped rotating shaft 26 disposed so as to overlap the first central axis L <b> 1 of the first cylindrical portion 16 and a lower end portion of the rotating shaft 26. A bearing portion 28, a bearing portion (not shown) that supports the upper end portion of the rotating shaft 26, and a plurality of (three in this embodiment) support members 30 that support the bearing portion 28 at the center of the first cylindrical portion 16; have. Each of the plurality of support members 30 is a substantially plate-like member extending in the radial direction of the first cylindrical portion 16, and the length direction of the support member 30 coincides with the radial direction of the first cylindrical portion 16. The width direction of the support member 30 coincides with the extending direction (vertical direction) of the first central axis L1, and the thickness direction of the support member 30 coincides with the direction orthogonal to the first central axis L1 (horizontal direction). One end portion in the length direction of the support member 30 is connected to the outer surface of the bearing portion 28 by welding or the like, and the other end portion is connected to the inner surface of the first cylindrical portion 16 with a bolt 32a and a nut 32b. .

  As shown in FIG. 6, the second cylindrical portion 20 is a cylindrical member that constitutes a drainage port Q that discharges rainwater radially outside the first cylindrical portion 16 and guides the rainwater to the drainage port Q. . As shown in FIG. 5, the second cylindrical portion 20 has a second central axis L2 that overlaps the first central axis L1, and its upper end 20a is located above the upper end 16a of the first cylindrical portion 16, In addition, the lower end 20 b is disposed on the radially outer side of the first cylindrical portion 16 so as to be positioned below the upper end 16 a of the first cylindrical portion 16. Thereby, an annular drainage port Q is formed between the first cylindrical portion 16 and the second cylindrical portion 20, above the first cylindrical portion 16, and in the second cylindrical portion 20. A space R for accommodating the plurality of rotary blades 38 of the impeller 22 is formed on the inner side.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the impeller 22 is rotated about the second central axis L <b> 2, and the bearing portion 34 having a hole 34 a through which the rotary shaft 26 is inserted, and the bearing portion 34 are arranged in the second cylinder. A plurality of (three in this embodiment) support members 36 supported at the center of the portion 20 and a plurality of rotary blades 38 for exhaust are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 4, each of the plurality of support members 36 is a substantially plate-like member extending in the radial direction of the second cylindrical portion 20, and the length direction of the support member 36 is the radial direction of the second cylindrical portion 20. , The thickness direction of the support member 36 matches the extending direction (vertical direction) of the second central axis L2, and the width direction of the support member 36 is orthogonal to the second central axis L2 (horizontal direction). Is consistent with One end portion of the support member 36 in the length direction is connected to the upper surface of the bearing portion 34 with a rivet 41, and the other end portion is a bolt on the inner surface or the outer surface (the inner surface in the present embodiment) of the second cylindrical portion 20. 42a and nut 42b are connected. The support member 36 is formed with a hole (not shown) through which a bolt 44a (FIG. 6) for attaching the rotary blade 38 is inserted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, each of the plurality of rotary blades 38 is a plate-like member having a substantially fan-like planar view shape, and is fixed by a fixed portion 38 a fixed to the lower surface of the support member 36 and rotated by the fixed portion 38 a. It has a lower blade portion 38b formed forward in the direction and an upper blade portion 38c formed rearward in the rotational direction from the fixed portion 38a. The fixing portion 38a is formed to extend in a direction (horizontal direction) perpendicular to the second central axis L2, and the fixing portion 38a has a hole (not shown) through which the bolt 44a (FIG. 6) is inserted. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 6, when the rotary blade 38 is attached to the support member 36, the bolt 44 a is inserted into the hole (not shown) of the fixing portion 38 a and the hole (not shown) of the support member 36. A nut 44b is screwed onto the bolt 44a.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the lower blade portion 38 b and the upper blade portion 38 c are portions that exhibit a blowing function when the impeller 22 is rotated, and are inclined so as to become lower toward the front in the rotation direction. It is formed in a substantially fan shape in view. The rotation direction of the impeller 22 coincides with the rotation direction of the windmill 24.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the end edge of the rotary blade 38 positioned forward in the rotational direction is inclined so as to become lower from the second central axis L2 toward the radially outer side. A rainwater guide 40 that guides rainwater that has dropped onto the upper surface of 38 to the outside in the radial direction is formed. As shown in FIG. 4, the rainwater guide 40 is a linear protrusion (projection) formed by bending the end edge of the rotary blade 38 upward, and the rainwater guide 40 has a groove in which rainwater flows at the corner of the rainwater guide 40. U.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in a state where the rotary blade 38 is attached to the support member 36, the rotary blade 38 is a space formed above the first cylindrical portion 16 and inside the second cylindrical portion 20. Arranged in R. Therefore, inflow of outside air from the side of the rotary blade 38 can be prevented by the second cylindrical portion 20, and air inside the first cylindrical portion 16 is efficiently blown toward the outside S <b> 2 (FIG. 1). can do.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the downstream end portion 40 a of the rainwater guide 40 (that is, the radially outer end portion) is disposed radially outward from the outer peripheral edge of the upper end 16 a of the first cylindrical portion 16. Therefore, the rainwater dropped from the downstream end 40a of the rainwater guide 40 is discharged to the outside S2 (FIG. 1) through the annular drainage port Q formed outside the first cylindrical portion 16.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the plurality of rotating blades 38 are viewed from above, the plurality of rotating blades 38 are arranged so that no gap is formed between adjacent rotating blades 38. Each of the outer peripheral edges of is continuous in a substantially circular shape in plan view. As shown in FIG. 6, the maximum outer diameter of the plurality of rotary blades 38 is designed to be larger than the inner diameter of the upper end 16 a of the first cylindrical portion 16. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when the plurality of rotating blades 38 are viewed from above, the upper opening of the first cylindrical portion 16 (FIG. 6) is completely covered with the plurality of rotating blades 38. Rainwater does not fall inside the first cylindrical portion 16 (FIG. 6).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the windmill 24 is disposed outside the building 12 and is rotated by receiving the wind of the outside air, and has a plurality of winds formed by extending in the vertical direction while curving with a predetermined curvature. The receiving blade 50 includes a disk portion 52 provided at the upper end of the plurality of wind receiving blades 50, and a cap 54 provided at the center of the disk portion 52. That is, the windmill 24 of this embodiment is a turbine type windmill.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the plurality of wind vanes 50 are arranged along a substantially circular shape in plan view along the outer peripheral surface of the second cylindrical portion 20. The outer surface of the second cylindrical portion 20 is connected with a rivet or the like (not shown), and the upper end portion of the wind vane blade 50 is connected to the disk portion 52 with a rivet or the like (not shown). A bearing portion (not shown) that receives the upper end portion of the rotating shaft 26 is disposed at the center of the disk portion 52, and a cap 54 is mounted so as to cover the bearing portion (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the first cylindrical portion 16 and the bearing portion 28 are “fixed parts” fixed to the exhaust passage 14 (FIG. 1), and the second cylindrical portion 20. The impeller 22, the windmill 24, and the rotating shaft 26 are “rotating components” that are rotated with respect to the “fixed components”. And the drain port Q is arrange | positioned between the 2nd cylindrical part 20 which is a "rotating part", and the 1st cylindrical part 16 which is a "fixed part." Accordingly, interference between the second cylindrical portion 20 and the first cylindrical portion 16 can be reliably prevented by the drainage port Q.

(Ventilation device operation)
As shown in FIG. 1, in a state where the ventilation device 10 is attached to the upper end portion of the exhaust passage 14, when the wind of outside air hits the windmill 24, the windmill 24 is rotated by the wind force. Then, the 2nd cylindrical part 20 (FIG. 2) and the impeller 22 (FIG. 2) which were united with the windmill 24 are rotated simultaneously, and the air of the inside S1 of the building 12 is made into the air by the blowing action of the impeller 22 (FIG. 2). It is discharged to the external S2. At this time, the air in the exterior S2 of the building 12 is taken into the interior S1 of the building 12 from a window or an intake port (not shown), and thereby the air in the interior S1 of the building 12 is ventilated.

  Further, when rainwater hits the windmill 24 together with wind, rainwater enters the inside of the windmill 24 from between adjacent wind receiving blades 50, and rainwater falls on the upper surface of the rotary blade 38 as shown in FIG. 6. Then, the rainwater is blown toward the inner surface of the second cylindrical portion 20 by centrifugal force, flows down the inner surface, and is discharged from the drain port Q to the outside S2 (FIG. 1). The rainwater flows on the upper surface of the rotary blade 38 from a high place to a low place by gravity, and is guided radially outward by the rainwater guide 40. And it falls toward the drain port Q from the downstream end 40a of the rainwater guide 40, and is discharged | emitted from the drain port Q to the exterior S2 (FIG. 1).

  In the windless state, the windmill 24 is not rotated and the impeller 22 is not rotated, but the opening at the top of the first cylindrical portion 16 is completely covered with the plurality of rotary blades 38, and the upper surface of the rotary blade 38 is not covered. The fallen rainwater is guided to the drain port Q by the rainwater guide 40, so that rainwater does not enter the interior S1 of the building 12.

(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the plurality of rotary blades 38 completely cover the upper opening of the first cylindrical portion 16, but in other embodiments, a gap exists between adjacent rotary blades 38. Also good. Also in this embodiment, since the entire opening of the first cylindrical portion 16 can be substantially covered with the portion having the maximum outer diameter (maximum outer diameter portion) among the plurality of rotary blades 38, the inside of the building 12 It is possible to prevent rainwater from entering S1.

  In the above-described embodiment, the turbine type windmill 24 is used as the “rotational force generating means”. However, in other embodiments, other types of windmills such as a propeller type, a Dutch type, and a paddle type are used. It may be used as “rotational force generating means”, or a motor driven by electric power may be used as “rotational force generating means”. In another embodiment, the rotating shaft of the rotational force generating means and the rotating shaft of the impeller 22 may be provided separately, and these rotating shafts may be connected by a power transmission mechanism such as a gear and a belt. Furthermore, in another embodiment, the second cylindrical portion 20 may be configured as a “fixed part”.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a ventilation device 60 according to another embodiment. In this ventilation device 60, a paddle type windmill 62 is used instead of the turbine type windmill 24 in the above-described embodiment. Further, the second cylindrical portion 20 is fixed to the first cylindrical portion 16 via a fixing member 64. The rotating shaft 66 is rotatably supported by the bearing portion 68, and the paddle type windmill 62 and the impeller 22 are fixed to the rotating shaft 66. Therefore, when the wind hits the paddle type windmill 62, the paddle type windmill 62, the rotating shaft 66 and the impeller 22 are rotated together, and ventilation is performed by the air blowing action of the impeller 22. When rainwater falls on the upper surface of the rotary blade 38 constituting the impeller 22, the rainwater is guided to the drainage port Q by centrifugal force or by the rainwater guide 40, and is discharged from the drainage port Q to the outside S2.

L1 ... 1st central axis L2 ... 2nd central axis Q ... Drainage R ... Space S1 ... Internal S2 ... External 10 ... Ventilator 12 ... Building 14 ... Exhaust passage 16 ... 1st cylindrical part 18 ... Rotary shaft part 16a, 20a ... Upper end 20b ... Lower end 20 ... Second cylindrical portion 22 ... Impeller 24 ... Windmill 26 ... Rotating shaft 38 ... Rotating blade

In order to solve the above problems, a ventilator of the present invention has a first central axis extending in the vertical direction, a first cylindrical portion that allows air inside a building to pass outward, and the first central axis. The first cylinder so that its upper end is located above the upper end of the first cylindrical portion and its lower end is located below the upper end of the first cylindrical portion. A second cylindrical portion disposed on the outer side in the radial direction of the portion and spaced apart from the first cylindrical portion; and an exhaust unit disposed above the first cylindrical portion and inside the second cylindrical portion. A plurality of rotating blades, and an impeller that rotates about the second central axis, and a rotational force generating means that generates a rotational force that rotates the impeller, and forward of the rotating blade in the rotational direction. The edge located at becomes lower from the second central axis toward the radially outer side. A rainwater guide that guides rainwater that has fallen onto the upper surface of the rotary blade to the outside in the radial direction is formed at the edge, and the downstream end of the rainwater guide is the first cylindrical portion. It is arrange | positioned in the radial direction outer side from the outer periphery of the upper end in .

In this configuration, since the second cylindrical portion is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction of the first cylindrical portion and spaced from the first cylindrical portion, an annular ring that discharges rainwater between the first cylindrical portion and the second cylindrical portion. A drain can be constructed. Further, since the lower end of the second cylindrical portion is located below the upper end of the first cylindrical portion, there is no gap between the second cylindrical portion and the first cylindrical portion when viewed from the side, and the second Rainwater can be prevented from entering the inside of the first cylindrical portion from between the cylindrical portion and the first cylindrical portion. Furthermore, since a plurality of exhaust rotary blades are disposed above the first cylindrical portion and inside the second cylindrical portion, rainwater that has fallen on the upper surface of the rotary blades is centrifuged by the second cylinder. The rainwater can flow down along the inner surface of the second cylindrical portion and can be discharged to the outside from the annular drainage port. The rotational force generating means includes a motor rotated by electric power in addition to a windmill rotated by outside wind. In this configuration, when rainwater falls on the upper surface of the rotating blade, the rainwater flows on the upper surface of the rotating blade, reaches the rainwater guide, further flows through the rainwater guide, and falls from the downstream end thereof. Since the downstream end portion of the rainwater guide is disposed radially outside the outer peripheral edge of the upper end of the first cylindrical portion, rainwater that has dropped from the downstream end portion does not fall inside the first cylindrical portion.

Claims (5)

A first cylindrical portion having a first central axis extending in the vertical direction and allowing air inside the building to pass outward;
A second central axis overlapping the first central axis, the upper end of which is located above the upper end of the first cylindrical part, and the lower end of the second central axis is located below the upper end of the first cylindrical part A second cylindrical portion that is disposed on the radially outer side of the first cylindrical portion and spaced from the first cylindrical portion;
An impeller that has a plurality of exhaust vanes disposed above the first cylindrical portion and inside the second cylindrical portion, and is rotated about the second central axis;
A ventilation device comprising: a rotational force generating means for generating a rotational force for rotating the impeller.   The ventilator according to claim 1, wherein a maximum outer diameter of the plurality of rotary blades is larger than an inner diameter of an upper end of the first cylindrical portion. The rotational force generating means has a plurality of wind vanes extending in the vertical direction,
The plurality of wind vanes are arranged in a substantially circular shape in plan view along the outer peripheral surface of the second cylindrical portion,
The ventilation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotational force generating means and the second cylindrical portion are rotated together. An edge located forward in the rotational direction of the rotary blade is inclined so as to become lower from the second central axis toward the radially outer side,
A rainwater guide that guides rainwater that has fallen on the upper surface of the rotary blade to the outside in the radial direction is formed at the edge,
The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a downstream end portion of the rainwater guide is disposed radially outward from an outer peripheral edge of an upper end of the first cylindrical portion.   The ventilation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the plurality of rotating blades are viewed from above, the plurality of rotating blades are arranged such that no gap is formed between the adjacent rotating blades. apparatus.

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