JP2013028677A - Method of producing agarwood, and agarwood formation promotor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing agarwood efficiently by artificially promoting formation and accumulation of an agarwood ingredient of trees having capability of forming the agarwood.SOLUTION: By notifying signal components relating to an injury response of a plant, a specific combination of the signal components promotes formation and accumulation of the agarwood ingredient. The method of producing agarwood includes a process of applying the agarwood formation promotor on an injury part formed on a trunk part or branch part of the tree having the capability of forming agarwood. The agarwood formation promotor contains an ethylene-related compound or jasmonic acid-related compound.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing agarwood and an agarwood production accelerator used in the method.

  Agarwood is a kind of fragrant wood that has long been prized as a fragrance since it has a fragrant fragrance when heated. In Japan, it is an incense tree that is indispensable for the scent of incense, and is also used as a raw material for high-grade incense sticks, for example. In addition, agarwood is an essential fragrance for daily life or socialization, particularly in Arab countries, and has high marketability. Furthermore, agarwood is known to have an antiemetic action, a sedative action, a digestive action, and the like, and is also used as a herbal medicine.

  It is known that the aroma component of agarwood is mainly composed of sesquiterpenes and phenylethylchromone derivatives. Sesquiterpenes are highly volatile and show fragrance as they are, but chromone derivatives show fragrance only when decomposed by heating. Even in the same fragrant tree called agarwood, the aroma as a whole agarwood varies depending on the type and ratio of the sesquiterpenes and chromone derivatives contained. For example, a high-class agarwood is known as a mandala, but the mandala contains more sesquiterpenes than a typical agarwood, and exhibits a fragrance even if it is not sour. In addition, sandalwood and the like are also known as incense trees, but sandalwood contains a lot of oil, whereas agarwood contains a lot of resin components.

  Agarwood is taken from trees of the Genus Aquilaria, Gyrinops, and Gonystylus. For example, about 15 species of Aquilaria trees are distributed in the Malay Islands from India and China, and of these, A. agallocha, A. crassna, Aquilaria maracenis (A Amalaria agarochia, and aquilaria agarochia is famous. It is said that agarwood can be collected from A. s.

  Aquilaria, agarochia, etc. responds to the injuries caused by wind, rain, disease, pests, etc., and resin components, that is, aroma components of agarwood, sesquiterpenes, phenylethylchromone derivatives, etc. are generated and accumulated at the injured site. Is done. When the tree in which the resin component is generated and accumulated falls down and decays in the soil, the accumulated portion of the resin remains without being decomposed, and becomes natural agarwood. That is, agarwood is generated by various external factors, and natural agarwood is extremely valuable. In addition, the production of natural agarwood is said to be related to microbial infection, and the physiological action of salicylic acid, which is a plant pathogen response signal, may affect the production and accumulation of agarwood components. In addition, as microorganisms involved in resin production, Aspergillus (Aspergillus) fungi have been proposed as so-called Aspergillus, but there is also a report that specific bacteria are not necessarily required. is there.

  In recent years, the amount of agarwood collected has decreased due to a decrease in the rainforest due to deforestation and the like. As a result, Aquilaria, Gilinops, and Lamin trees are designated as endangered species in Annex II of the Washington Convention (CITES), and international trade is severely restricted. Therefore, cultivation of agarwood trees and artificial production of agarwood using them are strongly desired.

  For example, in Thailand, trees that produce agarwood such as Aquilaria trees are planted with rubber and palm. Traditionally, in Thailand, attempts have been made to artificially damage cultivated Aquilaria trees with nails and drills to induce the generation and accumulation of agarwood ingredients, but only a small amount of agarwood ingredients are produced. However, it has not yet produced a solid agarwood. The agarwood component produced in this way is extracted by dry distillation and used as an aroma component.

  In addition, as a method for producing agarwood, there is known a method for producing agarwood that induces the formation and accumulation of agarwood components by forming artificial flaws in the xylem and exposing the wounds to air in Aquilaria trees. (Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 states that in Aquilaria trees, surface flaws do not induce the generation and accumulation of agarwood components, but wounds that penetrate deeply induce the generation and accumulation of agarwood components if the flaws remain open. (Patent Document 1, paragraph 0050). Further, according to Patent Document 1, a compound that further damages the soft tissue adjacent to the injured part, for example, sodium chloride, formic acid, sodium hydrogen sulfite, ferrous chloride, and the like can increase the degree of generation and accumulation of agarwood components. Sex is shown. On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses that salicylic acid does not induce generation and accumulation of agarwood components (Patent Document 1, paragraph 0056).

  In addition, it is known that the addition of salicylic acid to callus of Aquilaria trees or the addition of methyl jasmonate to suspended cells induces the formation of sesquiterpenes among aroma components of agarwood. (Non-Patent Document 1).

  On the other hand, the present inventors treat hinokisunaro (maate) and hinoki cypress trees by mixing Esler (registered trademark), which is known as a plant hormone, with methyl jasmonate or prohydrojasmon. Thus, it has been found that formation of a damaged resin path is induced (Non-patent Document 2). In addition, in maate, the formation of damaged resin roads is further promoted by further mixing sodium salicylate, whereas in cypress, the formation of damaged resin roads by mixing sodium salicylate is not observed. (Non-Patent Document 2).

JP 2008-202051 A

Plant Biotechnology Vol. 26, no. 3, P.I. 307-315 (2009) Yamamoto et al., Japanese Forest Society Annual Meeting 2009, Abstracts Pc1-47

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of artificially promoting the production and accumulation of agarwood components and efficiently producing agarwood in a tree having the ability to produce agarwood.

  The present inventors paid attention to a signal component related to a plant injury response, and found that a specific combination can promote the generation and accumulation of the agarwood component at the site of injury in a tree having the ability to generate agarwood. It came to complete.

  That is, the present invention is as follows.

  The first invention is a method for producing agarwood, comprising a step of applying agarwood production promoter to an injured part formed on a trunk or a branch of a tree having the ability to produce agarwood, wherein the agarwood production promoter Is a process comprising an ethylene related compound and a jasmonic acid related compound.

  In a preferred embodiment of the first invention, the ethylene-related compound is selected from the group consisting of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, ethylene, and propylene, and the jasmonic acid-related compound is: It is selected from the group consisting of methyl jasmonate, prohydrojasmon, isoleucine jasmonate, and jasmonic acid. Moreover, in the preferable aspect of 1st invention, an agarwood production promoter contains a salicylic acid related compound further. Moreover, 1st invention contains the process of forming the said injury part further in the preferable aspect.

  The second invention is an agarwood formation accelerator containing an ethylene related compound and a jasmonic acid related compound.

  In a preferred embodiment of the second invention, the ethylene-related compound is selected from the group consisting of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, ethylene, and propylene, and the jasmonic acid-related compound is It is selected from the group consisting of methyl jasmonate, prohydrojasmon, isoleucine jasmonate, and jasmonic acid. Moreover, in the preferable aspect of 2nd invention, an agarwood production promoter contains a salicylic acid related compound further.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to artificially promote the production and accumulation of agarwood components and produce agarwood in a tree that produces agarwood. Thereby, agarwood can be provided reliably.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of the injured part of Aquilaria clasna when anhydrous lanolin is applied. FIG. 2 is a photograph of an injured part of the aquilaria clasna when the agarwood formation accelerator of the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the length in the vertical direction of the colored portion of the mature Aquilaria clathna tree after about 9 months of application of various compounds. Each alphabet in the graph indicates that there is a significant difference between different characters at P ≦ 0.05 (Scheffe's test). The experiment was performed in triplicate, and the average value ± standard error was shown. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the area in the vertical direction of the colored part of the aquilaria clasna seedling 1 month after application of various compounds. Each alphabet in the graph indicates that there is a significant difference between different characters at P ≦ 0.05 (Scheffe's test). The experiment was performed in 7 series, and the average value ± standard error was shown. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the area in the vertical direction of the colored part of the aquilaria clasna seedling 5 months after application of various compounds. Each alphabet in the graph indicates that there is a significant difference between different characters at P ≦ 0.05 (Scheffe's test). The experiment was performed in 7 series, and the average value ± standard error was shown.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  The method for producing agarwood according to the present invention includes a step of applying agarwood production promoter to an injured part formed on the trunk or branch of a tree having the ability to produce agarwood.

  In the present invention, for the production of agarwood, a tree having the ability to produce agarwood can be used without particular limitation. Trees having the ability to generate agarwood include, for example, Aquilaria genus trees, Gyrinops genus trees, and Gonystylus genus trees of the genus family, and in terms of quality, Aquilaria genus trees Is preferred. Examples of Aquilaria trees include A. agallocha, A. crassna, A. malaccennis, A. sinensis, and Aquilaria microcarpa (A. alassica). microcarpa) and Aquilaria moshkovsky (A. moszkowski) are mentioned, and from the viewpoint of quality, Aquilaria agarocha is preferable. Generally speaking, agarwood is often taken from Aquilaria agarochia, but is not limited to this in the present invention. The tree having the ability to generate agarwood may be an adult tree or a seedling.

  In this invention, the tree which has the capability to produce | generate agarwood has an injury part for applying an agarwood production promoter to a trunk | brid part or a branch part. In the present invention, the trunk or the branch may be referred to as a tree trunk or the like. The injured part may be a naturally formed injured part or an injured part formed by artificial injuries. From the viewpoint of agarwood production efficiency and production management, the injured part is preferably formed by artificial injury. That is, the method for producing agarwood according to the present invention may include a step of forming an injured part in the trunk or branch of a tree having the ability to produce agarwood.

  In the present invention, the form of injury is not particularly limited. However, since it is necessary to induce the generation and accumulation of agarwood in the injured part, the tree provided with the injured part is killed before the generation and accumulation of agarwood sufficiently proceeds. Injuries to the extent that they do are undesirable. The mode of injury can be appropriately determined according to various conditions such as the size of the tree on which the injured part is provided and the number of injured parts to be provided. Examples of the injuries include an aspect of injuring the epidermis, an aspect of injuries to the extent of reaching the phloem, an aspect of injuries to the extent of reaching the xylem, etc. It is preferable to injure to the extent that it reaches, and more preferably to the extent that it reaches the xylem. As an aspect which injures epidermis, removing outer bark is mentioned, for example. Moreover, as an aspect which injuries to the extent which reaches a phloem or a xylem, a hole is made to a trunk etc. to the extent which reaches a phloem or a xylem. When injured by opening a hole, the depth is, for example, preferably 5 mm to 20 cm, more preferably 1 cm to 10 cm, and particularly preferably 1.5 cm to 5 cm. Moreover, when injuring by making a hole, the diameter is, for example, preferably 0.5 mm to 10 cm, more preferably 1 mm to 5 cm, and particularly preferably 3 mm to 3 cm. In addition, the hole here is not limited to a hole having a circular cross section, and may have a cross section having an arbitrary shape. For example, as an aspect of the injury, a hole having a depth of about 2 cm and a diameter of about 1 cm may be formed in a trunk or the like.

  The injured position can be appropriately determined according to various conditions such as a site where the agarwood component is to be generated and accumulated, the mode of injury, the size of the tree in which the injured part is provided, the number of injured parts to be provided, and the like. The injury position is preferably, for example, a ground height of 5 cm to 400 cm, and more preferably a ground height of 10 cm to 300 cm. For example, the trunk can be injured at a height of about 70 cm, about 120 cm, and about 170 cm above the ground.

The number of injured parts is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately changed according to various conditions such as the size of the tree in which the injured part is provided and the form of the injured part provided. One injured part may be provided per one tree, but a plurality of injured parts are preferably provided per one tree from the viewpoint of agarwood production efficiency. The number of injured parts is, for example, preferably 2 to 200, more preferably 5 to 100, and particularly preferably 10 to 50 per tree.

  As described above, a site that is naturally or artificially damaged is referred to as an injury site in the present invention.

  The agarwood production promoter of the present invention contains an ethylene related compound and a jasmonic acid related compound.

  In the present invention, an ethylene-related compound refers to a compound that exhibits physiological activity similar to that of ethylene when applied to trees. Examples of the ethylene-related compound include ethylene, propylene, a compound that generates ethylene by a chemical reaction, and a compound that is an intermediate in the process of synthesizing ethylene in a plant body. Examples of the compound that generates ethylene by a chemical reaction include 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (etephone). Ethephon is a compound that generates ethylene by hydrolysis. As ethephon, for example, Esler (registered trademark), which is a commercially available reagent containing ethephon, can be used. Examples of the compound that is an intermediate in the process of synthesizing ethylene in a plant include 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). These ethylene-related compounds may be contained alone in the agarwood formation accelerator or in any combination.

  In the present invention, jasmonic acid-related compounds include jasmonic acid and jasmonic acid derivatives. Jasmonic acid includes free jasmonic acid and jasmonic acid salts. Although it does not specifically limit as a salt of jasmonic acid, For example, a sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, calcium salt is mentioned. Jasmonic acid derivatives include methyl jasmonate, prohydrojasmon, and amino acid derivatives of jasmonic acid. Examples of the amino acid derivative of jasmonic acid include isoleucine jasmonate. These jasmonic acid-related compounds may be contained alone in the agarwood formation promoter, or may be contained in any combination.

  The agarwood production promoter of the present invention preferably further contains a salicylic acid-related compound. In the present invention, examples of salicylic acid-related compounds include salicylic acid and salicylic acid derivatives. Salicylic acid includes free salicylic acid and salicylic acid salts. Examples of the salt of salicylic acid include sodium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, and calcium salt, and sodium salt is preferably used. Examples of salicylic acid derivatives include salicylic acid esters and salicylic acid glycosides. Examples of salicylic acid esters include alkyl esters of salicylic acid. Examples of the alkyl ester of salicylic acid include methyl ester and ethyl ester, and methyl ester is preferably used. Examples of the salicylic acid glycoside include salicylic acid glucoside. These salicylic acid-related compounds may be contained alone in the agarwood formation accelerator or in any combination.

  The ethylene-related compound, jasmonic acid-related compound, and salicylic acid-related compound contained in the agarwood formation accelerator of the present invention are all known compounds and can be produced by a conventional method. Moreover, a commercial item can be used suitably as an ethylene related compound, a jasmonic acid related compound, and a salicylic acid related compound contained in the agarwood formation promoter of this invention.

The agarwood production promoter of the present invention may further contain an additive such as an arbitrary solid carrier, liquid carrier, stabilizer, diluent, or surfactant, as long as the effect of promoting the production of agarwood is not impaired. Good. The agarwood formation promoter of the present invention may be liquid, solid, or gaseous, and may be in any other form such as gel or sol. The agarwood formation promoter of the present invention is preferably, for example, a paste or a liquid.

  As the solid carrier, various inorganic substances, organic substances such as cellulose, resins, waxes such as beeswax, greases such as lanolin, fatty acid esters, and the like can be used. As the liquid carrier, water, liquid oil, paraffin hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, esters and the like can be used.

  The method for preparing the agarwood formation accelerator of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the agarwood production accelerator can be prepared by a known technique. For example, by mixing esler, methyl jasmonate, anhydrous lanolin, and other components as necessary, a paste-like agarwood production accelerator containing esler and methyl jasmonate can be prepared. The prepared pasty agarwood production promoter can be applied as it is to a damaged part of a tree having the ability to produce agarwood.

  In addition, ethylene-related compounds, jasmonic acid-related compounds, and if necessary salicylic acid-related compounds (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “active ingredients”) may be mixed and contained in the agarwood formation accelerator, but not mixed May be. In the present invention, for example, the agarwood production accelerator A containing an ethylene-related compound, the agarwood production promoter B containing a jasmonic acid-related compound, and, if necessary, the agarwood production promoter C containing a salicylic acid-related compound are combined. It may be regarded as an agarwood production promoter. That is, the agarwood formation promoter of the present invention may contain a mixture of each active ingredient, and includes a plurality of agarwood production promoters containing each active ingredient separately as necessary. It may be. Therefore, in the present invention, the step of applying the agarwood formation promoter is a step of applying the agarwood production promoter containing a mixture of each active ingredient as long as each active ingredient is applied as a result. It may be a step of applying a plurality of agarwood production promoters containing each active ingredient separately, for example, the agarwood production promoters A, B, and C, respectively.

  The concentration of the ethylene-related compound in the agarwood formation accelerator of the present invention depends on various conditions such as the form of the agarwood production accelerator, but is preferably 0.1% to 30%, more preferably 0.2% to 10%. %, Particularly preferably 0.5% to 5%. Further, the concentration of the jasmonic acid-related compound in the agarwood formation accelerator of the present invention depends on various conditions such as the form of the agarwood production accelerator, but is preferably 0.1% to 30%, more preferably 0.2. % To 10%, particularly preferably 0.5% to 5%. The concentration of the salicylic acid-related compound in the agarwood formation accelerator of the present invention depends on various conditions such as the form of the agarwood production accelerator, but is preferably 0.01% to 30%, more preferably 0.1% to 10%. %, Particularly preferably 0.2% to 5%. In addition, when performing operations such as dilution and / or mixing at the time of use, the concentration in the agarwood formation promoter of the present invention may be set so that each active ingredient is in the above-mentioned preferable concentration range as a result in the injured part. Good. For example, when the agarwood production accelerator of the present invention includes a plurality of agarwood production promoters, for example, the agarwood production promoters A, B, and C, each of the active ingredients in the agarwood production promoters A, B, and C The concentration is preferably adjusted so that each active ingredient is in the above-described preferable concentration range in the injured portion when each of the agarwood formation promoters A, B, and C is applied. In the present invention,% indicating concentration is% by weight.

In the present invention, the agarwood production promoter is used by being applied to the injured part. The applied step may be performed by an appropriate method according to the mode of the agarwood formation accelerator of the present invention, the mode of the injured part, etc., for example, by applying, injecting, or spraying the injured part. it can. In addition, if it is applied to an injury part as a result, you may spray etc. collectively on the range including parts other than an injury part, for example, the whole tree. It is preferable that the injured part to which the agarwood formation accelerator is applied is covered with an arbitrary member. For example, the injured part to which the agarwood formation accelerator is applied may be covered with a gum tape, covered with aluminum foil, and further covered with a gum tape.

  The number of times of application is not particularly limited, and may be one time or a plurality of times. The number of times of application can be appropriately set according to the application period, the tree species to be used, the form of injury, and the like. When applying several times, the frequency | count of application may be adjusted so that it may be applied every year, for example, and it may be adjusted so that it may be applied every six months. In addition, when applying several times, the time interval between each application may be constant, and does not need to be constant. In addition, the application may be performed a plurality of times on the same injured part, for example, or may be performed on a plurality of injured parts provided on one tree at the same time or at different times. In addition, application may be performed a different number of times for each of the plurality of injured portions. In addition, when applied multiple times or when applied to multiple locations, various conditions such as the concentration of the active ingredient in the agarwood formation accelerator, the application amount of the agarwood production accelerator, and the method of application are each time and / or each It may be the same at different points or different.

  The application time is not particularly limited, and can be set as appropriate according to the type of tree used, the form of injury, and the like. As for the application time, it is preferable to apply at least once from 10 years before the collection of agarwood to the time of collection, and more preferably from 5 years before the collection to 1 month. It is particularly preferable to apply between 2 to 6 months before the scheduled collection.

  According to the present invention, generation and accumulation of agarwood components are promoted. The agarwood component is an aroma component of agarwood and mainly includes sesquiterpenes and phenylethylchromone derivatives. In the present invention, the generation of one or more components selected from these aroma components of agarwood may be promoted. That is, in the present invention, the generation and accumulation of all components contained in general agarwood may or may not be promoted. In the present invention, a dark-colored portion where a phenol component is polymerized and accumulated is formed so as to spread up and down around an injured portion to which the agarwood formation accelerator is applied. Here, the dark color part is referred to as an injured heart material. The agarwood component is generated and accumulated at the peripheral portion of the damaged heartwood, and the accumulated amount shows a positive correlation with the amount of the damaged heartwood. That is, in the present invention, the amount of accumulated agarwood components can be compared based on the volume, area, or length of the damaged heartwood. In the present invention, it is simple and preferable to estimate the amount of accumulated agarwood components based on the length and area of the injured heart material extending above and below the injured part.

  Agarwood can be collected from trees in which agarwood components are produced and accumulated by the method of the present invention. Collection of agarwood can be performed by sampling a site where agarwood components are accumulated. The collection of agarwood is not limited to collecting only the site where the agarwood component has accumulated, and may be performed by sampling any site including the site where the agarwood component has accumulated. The method of collecting those parts is not particularly limited, and can be performed by, for example, artificial cutting. In addition, the tree where the agarwood component is generated and accumulated is buried in the soil, and after the decomposition progresses, the agarwood component remaining without being decomposed is collected or an arbitrary site including the site is collected, thereby reducing the agarwood. It may be collected. The obtained agarwood can be used as an aroma tree in the same manner as natural agarwood. Moreover, a fragrance component can be extracted from the agarwood obtained by the method of the present invention. The aroma component is mainly sesquiterpenes or phenylethylchromone derivatives, and the extraction of the aroma component can be performed by any technique such as dry distillation.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely, the scope of the present invention is not limited to a following example.

[Example 1] Promotion of agarwood formation in aquilaria clasna (adult tree) Aquilaria clasna was used as a tree having the ability to generate agarwood, and the effect of promoting agarwood formation was evaluated for the agarwood production promoter of the present invention. The experiment was conducted at an 8th grade Aquilaria Krasna (Nariki) plantation in Trat Province, Thailand. The treatment period with the agarwood formation accelerator was about 9 months, the agarwood production accelerator was applied on March 10, 2009, and a sample was collected on December 22, the same year.

  As an active ingredient of the agarwood formation accelerator, Esler was used as an ethylene related compound, methyl jasmonate as a jasmonic acid related compound, and sodium salicylate as a salicylic acid related compound. These components are referred to as test components. Each test component was mixed alone or in any combination with anhydrous lanolin so as to be 1% to prepare a test paste.

  Injuries were formed by drilling holes with a depth of 2 cm and a diameter of 1 cm at a height of 70 cm, 120 cm, and 170 cm above the Aquilaria Krasna tree trunk. 0.5 g of a test paste containing each test component alone or in any combination was sealed in the formed injured part and covered with gummed tape.

  A group encapsulating only anhydrous lanolin is a control group (Lanolin), a group encapsulating 1% esrel is a comparative group (Et), a group encapsulating 1% methyl jasmonate is a comparative group (MJ), and encapsulating 1% sodium salicylate This group was designated as a comparative group (NS). In addition, a group to which 1% esler or 1% methyl jasmonate and 1% sodium salicylate were mixed and applied was set as a comparison group (Et + NS) or a comparison group (MJ + NS), respectively. Further, a group in which 1% Esler and 1% methyl jasmonate were mixed and applied was designated as a test group (Et + MJ), and a group in which 1% sodium salicylate was mixed and applied was designated as a test group (Et + MJ + NS). That is, for example, in the test group (Et + MJ + NS), 0.5 g of test paste prepared by mixing esler, methyl jasmonate, and sodium salicylate with anhydrous lanolin at a concentration of 1% in each injured part. Enclosed group. For each treatment group, three Aquilaria Krasna trees (adult trees) were used.

  About 9 months after the test paste was encapsulated, a piece of wood having a width of about 10 cm, a length of 10 to 40 cm, and a depth of about 2 cm was cut from each of the treated parts, and the sample was sterilized with 70% ethanol. did. Samples were transported to Japan and analyzed anatomically.

  The results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a photograph of the injured part of the control group (Lanolin), and FIG. 2 is a photograph of the injured part of the test group (Et + MJ + NS). According to FIG. 1, in the control group (Lanolin), it is recognized that the dark color portion is almost circular and the injured heartwood has little spread in the vertical direction. On the other hand, according to FIG. 2, in the test group (Et + MJ + NS), it is recognized that the dark-colored part spreads up and down largely around the injured part, and the formation of the injured heart material was promoted. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the length in the vertical direction of the damaged core material formed above and below the injury part. The agar component is accumulated at the edge of the damaged heartwood. Since a positive correlation is observed between the amount of the damaged heartwood and the accumulated amount of the agarwood component, in this example, the accumulated amount of the agarwood component was compared according to the length of the damaged heartwood. The obtained results were statistically analyzed by Scheffe's test, and it was assumed that there was a significant difference when P ≦ 0.05.

  In the comparison groups (Et, MJ, NS) in which each test component was encapsulated alone, there was a significant difference in the length of the injured heartwood in any of the vertical directions compared to the control group (Lanolin) to which only anhydrous lanolin was applied. There wasn't. Therefore, it became clear that each test component alone does not show a significant agarwood production promoting effect.

In addition, in the comparison groups (Et + NS, MJ + NS) in which esrel or methyl jasmonate and sodium salicylate were mixed, there was no significant difference in the length of the injured heartwood in any of the vertical directions with respect to the control group (Lanolin). It was. Therefore, it has been clarified that only a combination of sodium salicylate, esrel and methyl jasmonate does not show a significant effect of promoting agarwood formation.

  On the other hand, in the test group (Et + MJ) in which esler and methyl jasmonate were mixed, the length of the damaged heartwood tended to increase. In particular, the length of the damaged heartwood compared to the control group (Lanolin) in the downward direction. Was significantly increased. In addition, in the test group (Et + MJ), the length of the injured heartwood was significantly increased in the downward direction as compared with all the comparison groups other than the comparison group (MJ) to which methyl jasmonate was applied alone. Therefore, it has been clarified that the combination of esrel and methyl jasmonate applied to the injured part promotes the formation of an injured heartwood and promotes the generation and accumulation of agarwood components.

  In addition, in the test group (Et + MJ + NS) in which sodium salicylate was further mixed in addition to esrel and methyl jasmonate, a marked increase in the injured heartwood was observed, and the vertical direction compared to the control group (Lanolin) and all the comparison groups. In either case, the length of the injured heartwood was significantly increased. Further, no significant difference was observed between the test group (Et + MJ + NS) mixed with sodium salicylate and the test group (Et + MJ) not containing sodium salicylate, but the test group (Et + MJ + NS) was compared with the test group (Et + MJ). Further, a tendency that the length of the injured heartwood further increases was observed. From the above, it has been clarified that the combination of esrel, methyl jasmonate, and sodium salicylate applied to the injured part promotes the formation of an injured heartwood and promotes the generation and accumulation of agarwood components. Moreover, it was suggested that the addition of sodium salicylate in addition to esrel and methyl jasmonate further promotes the formation of injured heartwood and the generation and accumulation of agarwood components.

[Example 2] Promotion of agarwood formation in aquilaria clasna (seedlings) A biennial aquilaria clasna (seedling) is used as a tree having the ability to produce agarwood, and a hole with a diameter of 1.5 mm is made at a position 10 cm above the ground. Formed an injured part. Various compounds were applied in the same manner as in Example 1, and the effect of promoting agarwood formation was evaluated for the agarwood production accelerator of the present invention. The generation of agarwood was evaluated by measuring the area of the colored area of the injured part, that is, the area of the injured heartwood at 1 month and 5 months after application of various drugs. In addition, seven aquilaria clasna trees (seedlings) were used for each treatment group.

  The results after 1 month of application are shown in FIG. In the comparison group (Et, MJ, NS) in which each test component was encapsulated alone and the comparison group (Et + NS) in which Esler and sodium salicylate were mixed, the control group (Lanolin) to which only anhydrous lanolin was applied, No significant difference was observed in the colored area. On the other hand, in the test group (Et + MJ) in which esler and methyl jasmonate were mixed, a tendency for the colored area to increase was observed, and in particular, in the downward direction, the colored area was significantly increased compared to the control group (Lanolin). It was. Further, in the test group (Et + MJ + NS) in which sodium salicylate was further mixed in addition to esrel and methyl jasmonate, the colored area was significantly increased in all of the vertical directions as compared with the control group. In addition, in the test group (Et + MJ + NS) mixed with sodium salicylate, there was a tendency for the colored area to increase compared to the test group (Et + MJ) not containing sodium salicylate, and in particular, the colored area was significantly increased in the downward direction. It was.

  The results after 5 months of application are shown in FIG. In the comparison group (Et, MJ, NS, Et + NS), a significant difference was observed in some results compared to the control group (Lanolin). On the other hand, in each test group (Et + MJ, Et + MJ + NS), the colored area was significantly increased in any of the vertical directions with respect to the control group (Lanolin). Moreover, in each test group (Et + MJ, Et + MJ + NS), the tendency that a coloring area increases or a significant increase was recognized with respect to each comparison group.

In addition, in the group using ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) instead of esler (ACC + MJ + NS), the colored area was significantly increased in both the vertical direction and the control group (Lanolin). It was. There was no significant difference between the group using ACC (ACC + MJ + NS) and the group using Esler (Et + MJ + NS).

  From the above, it was again confirmed that the combination of esrel and methyl jasmonate applied to the injured part promotes the formation of an injured heartwood and promotes the generation and accumulation of agarwood components. Moreover, it was suggested again that the addition of sodium salicylate in addition to esrel and methyl jasmonate further promotes the formation of injured heartwood and the generation and accumulation of agarwood components. In addition, when ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid), which is known as an intermediate in the process of synthesizing ethylene in a plant body, is used instead of esler, it is the same as when esler is used. It was clarified that the formation of injured heartwood was promoted and the generation and accumulation of agarwood components were promoted.

  From the results of Examples 1 and 2, it was revealed that agarwood can be artificially produced by combining an ethylene-related compound and a jasmonic acid-related compound and applying them to the injured part. Further, it was suggested that the salicylic acid-related compound further improves the action of promoting the formation of agarwood exhibited by the ethylene-related compound and the jasmonic acid-related compound.

  Ethylene and methyl jasmonate are known as plant hormones involved in injury response. That is, ethylene and methyl jasmonate function as signal substances for expressing genes that resist external enemies when injured by external enemies such as eating. Ethylene and methyl jasmonate are said to work in concert with each other, but Esler and methyl jasmonate, which do not show a significant promoting effect by themselves, show a remarkable agarwood production promoting action by combining them. The result was unpredictable. Salicylic acid is a physiologically active substance produced in response to infection with pathogenic bacteria, and is said to have an action of inducing gene expression for showing resistance to pathogenic bacteria. Here, since salicylic acid is said to act antagonistically to ethylene and methyl jasmonate, it was suggested that combining with methyl jasmonate and ethylene further improves the action of promoting agarwood formation, The result was unpredictable.

  By applying the agarwood production promoter of the present invention to an injured part of a tree capable of producing agarwood, production and accumulation of agarwood components can be artificially promoted, and agarwood can be produced efficiently. The produced agarwood can be used in the same manner as natural agarwood. Moreover, a fragrance component can be extracted from the produced agarwood.

Claims (7)

A method for producing agarwood comprising a step of applying an agarwood production promoter to an injured part formed on a trunk or branch of a tree having the ability to produce agarwood,
The method in which the agarwood production promoter includes an ethylene related compound and a jasmonic acid related compound.   The ethylene-related compound is selected from the group consisting of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, ethylene, and propylene, and the jasmonic acid-related compound is methyl jasmonate, prohydrojasmon, 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is selected from the group consisting of isoleucine jasmonate and jasmonic acid.   The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the agarwood production promoter further contains a salicylic acid-related compound.   Furthermore, the method of any one of Claims 1-3 including the process of forming the said injury part.   An agarwood formation accelerator comprising an ethylene related compound and a jasmonic acid related compound.   The ethylene-related compound is selected from the group consisting of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, ethylene, and propylene, and the jasmonic acid-related compound is methyl jasmonate, prohydrojasmon, The agarwood production promoter according to claim 5, which is selected from the group consisting of isoleucine jasmonate and jasmonic acid.   Furthermore, the agarwood production promoter of Claim 5 or 6 containing a salicylic acid related compound.