JP2013027152A - Magnetic flux converter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric rotating machine that is cleared of any gap, which may be present in an electric rotating machine known as a generator or a motor, and requires no great magnetomotive force for the field magnet.SOLUTION: A magnetic flux converter has a structure in which pinions 130, in whose meshing parts an N pole and an S pole alternately appear, transmit the magnetic forces the pinions have to two gear wheels 120 and 140, of which one is rotatable and the other is fixed, in a state of contact by rotating in a state of being meshed with the two gear wheels, and the magnetic polarities of the gear wheels are varied by rotating the pinions. Manufacture of a gap-free electric rotating machine is made possible by so structuring a generator utilizing an induction electromotive force generated in a coil by this variation of magnetic polarities or a motor that utilizes the attractive force or the repulsive force arising between this magnetic force and the magnetic force the pinions have by, conversely, giving magnetic polarities from a coil to the two gear wheels.

Description

The present invention relates to an electric rotating machine called a generator or an electric motor, and relates to a member constituting an electric rotating machine using a permanent magnet.

In an ordinary electric rotating machine, a gap called a gap is inevitably required between the rotor and the stator in order to smoothly rotate the rotor. However, the magnetic resistance increases due to the existence of the gap, and the calculation in Non-Patent Document 1 indicates that about 70% of the magnetomotive force of the field of the generator is consumed in the gap portion.

Electrotechnical Problem Study Group Electric Instrument Calculation Exercise 1st Edition 6th pp. 22-24 1988 Densho Shoin

The task was to develop an electric rotating machine that eliminates the gap that causes an increase in magnetic resistance from the electric rotating machine and does not require a large magnetomotive force in the field.

An electric rotating machine has a structure in which a rotor rotates in a stator, but when the rotor is rotated in the stator, a frictional force is generated if the stator and the rotor are in contact with each other. The rotor cannot rotate normally. A normal electric rotating machine has a small gap between the stator and the rotor to avoid this problem. However, as described above, this gap increases the magnetic resistance and requires a large magnetomotive force in the field.

This gap may be necessary in order to avoid magnetic saturation in a smoothing circuit choke coil in which a direct current component flows simultaneously, but is not necessary when magnetic saturation is not a problem. The present inventor has developed a magnetic flux changer capable of switching the direction of the magnetic flux flowing in the coil in order to solve the problem of increase in magnetic resistance due to the gap, and eliminates the gap existing between the stator and the rotor. It is a thing.

According to the present invention, it is possible to eliminate the gap from the electric rotating machine, and it is possible to manufacture an electric rotating machine that does not require a large magnetomotive force in the field.
Although the magnetic flux changer is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, this device cannot function alone as an electric rotating machine, and this device is used in combination of two or more. The connection method was shown. 9 to 11 integrate a plurality of magnetic flux changers, and function as an electric rotating machine simply by attaching a connecting rod and a coil wound around the connecting rod.
Details of the structure and connection method will be described in detail later in [Description of Embodiments].

It is a front schematic diagram which shows the planetary gear type magnetic flux changer. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the planetary gear type magnetic flux changer. It is a front schematic diagram which shows the magnetic flux changer of a differential gear system. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the magnetic flux changer of a differential gear system. It is a composition outline figure of a single phase alternator by a magnetic flux changer. It is a composition outline figure of a three phase alternator by a magnetic flux changer. It is a detailed configuration diagram of a single-phase AC generator using a differential gear type magnetic flux changer. It is a detailed configuration diagram of a three-phase AC generator using a differential gear type magnetic flux changer. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which integrated two planetary gear type magnetic flux changers. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which integrated three planetary gear type magnetic flux changers. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which integrated two differential gear type magnetic flux changers.

Hereinafter, a detailed embodiment of a magnetic flux changer used in the present invention and a configuration method of an electric rotating machine using the same will be specifically described with reference to the drawings and reference numerals attached thereto.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an example of a planetary gear type magnetic flux changer used in the present invention, and FIG. However, not only in FIG. 2 but also in other cross-sectional views, the main shaft is schematically shown as it is, not as a cross section, and the direction of magnetic flux is indicated by an arrow for a magnetic small gear (planetary gear and pinion). In some cases, Hatchin was omitted to make this arrow easier to see.
As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, this apparatus has a structure similar to a planetary gear type transmission. There is one sun gear 120 through which the main shaft 110 passes in the center, and a plurality of (six in FIG. 1) planetary gears 130 called planetary gears 130 are circumscribed and meshed with each other. (Be careful not to mix up planetary gears, etc., which have the same name in some cases.)
Further, the planetary gears 130 are inscribed and meshed with one fixed outer ring gear 140 having a tooth shape on the inside. However, even a small gear may be larger than the sun gear 120 and is not the smallest gear.

The outer ring gear 140 and the sun gear 120 are made of a soft magnetic material with little hysteresis loss. The outer ring gear 140 is fixed and does not move, but the sun gear 120 is fixed to the main shaft 110 and rotates together with the main shaft 110. The magnetic flux can freely reciprocate between the main shaft 110 and the sun gear 120.

The planetary gear 130 is formed with magnetic poles so that N-poles and S-poles alternately appear at meshing portions as it rotates. As a method of forming the magnetic pole, a method in which the planetary gear 130 is made of a hard magnetic material and magnetized directly thereto, a shape in which the planetary gear 130 is made of a soft magnetic material or a nonmagnetic material, a slot is provided, and a permanent magnet is inserted or embedded therein. There is a method of imparting magnetism.

As apparent from FIG. 1, the meshing portion of the outer ring gear 140 and the planetary gear 130 and the meshing portion of the sun gear 120 and the planetary gear 130 are substantially symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis of the planetary gear 130. However, the magnetic poles must be formed so that the opposing meshing portions have opposite polarities. Because of this restriction, the number of magnetic poles (not the number of teeth) of the planetary gear 130 needs to be twice the odd number, and the next to 2 poles is 6 poles, making it impossible to make a 4 pole planetary gear. The arrow shown in FIG. 1 indicates the direction of the magnetic flux inside the planetary gear 130 at a certain moment when the planetary gear 130 has two magnetic poles, and the tip of the arrow is the N pole.
Unless otherwise specified, the direction of the magnetic flux in the planetary gear or pinion refers to the direction of the magnetic flux in the planetary gear or pinion.

Thus, the magnetic poles of the planetary gear 130 have opposite polarities at opposite portions, and the sun gear 120 and the outer ring gear 140 are engaged with the opposite portions, so that the magnetic flux of the planetary gear 130 is a gap from the engagement portion. It is transmitted to the sun gear 120 and the outer ring gear 140 in a state of being in contact with each other.
As a precaution for planetary gears, in a planetary gear with a permanent magnet inserted into the slot, the magnetic flux will not be interrupted at the center of the planetary gear to prevent a closed magnetic circuit from being formed, In order to prevent the magnetic flux from being short-circuited by providing a partition made of a non-magnetic material between adjacent magnetic poles, the magnetic flux can be prevented.

Although the number of planetary gears 130 is six in this figure, the object can be achieved with a minimum of one electromagnetically. However, in order to increase the amount of magnetic flux, it is desirable that the number of planetary gears is large, and by arranging this planetary gear 130 in a rotationally symmetrical manner around the sun gear 120, the balance of force is maintained and the mechanical stability is increased. Because there is an advantage to say, I want at least three. However, if the number is too large, the diameter of the planetary gear must be reduced, which causes problems that the planetary gear is easily damaged and that it is difficult to impart magnetism. Furthermore, since the relationship between the diameters of the sun gear 120 and the planetary gear 130 also affects the rotational speed and frequency, it is necessary to determine this in consideration. As a matter of course, when a plurality of planetary gears are mounted, their diameters and pole numbers must be aligned.

When installing a plurality of planetary gears, attention must be paid to the direction of the magnetic flux. When a plurality of planetary gears 130 are mounted rotationally symmetrically around the sun gear 120, each planetary gear 130 has the same magnetic pole meshed with the sun gear 120, and therefore the outer ring gear 140 has a magnetic pole opposite thereto. It is necessary to mount or magnetize with the same polarity so as to engage with each other. Of course, as the planetary gears 130 rotate and move as the sun gear 120 rotates, the magnetic poles change. However, since the planetary gears 130 rotate in the same way, either the sun gear 120 or the outer ring gears. The direction of the magnetic flux of each planetary gear 130 meshing with 140 is always aligned. The angle, that is, the straight line connecting the two meshing portions of each planetary gear 130 at a position substantially symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis of each planetary gear 130 and the direction of the magnetic flux of each planetary gear 130. The angles are meshed so that both angles are substantially equal.

The outer ring gear 140 also serves as a casing of the magnetic flux changer, and three receiving grooves 150 are provided on the outside at intervals of 120 degrees. The receiving groove 150 is used to form a magnetic circuit that spans a plurality of magnetic flux changers by fitting a connecting rod made of a soft magnetic material into this portion when two or three of the present apparatus are connected. This point will be described later. This receiving groove may be provided in one place, but providing three places in this way increases the cross-sectional area of the magnetic circuit by reducing the magnetic resistance by attaching a large number of connecting rods, and is as short as possible for any planetary gear. This is to enable magnetic coupling at a distance. Therefore, this number is not limited to three and can be changed as necessary.

Since an alternating magnetic flux flows through the outer ring gear 140, the sun gear 120, the main shaft 110, and a connecting rod described later, it is necessary to take measures against eddy currents. As materials used for these, materials that are inexpensive, have high electrical resistance, have excellent magnetic properties such as hysteresis and saturation magnetic flux density, and are strong in toughness in terms of strength are desired. It is very difficult to find. Ordinary ferrite cannot be used when severe performance is required in terms of strength and magnetic characteristics. As an alternative, a thin magnetic steel plate can be used to make a gear or a connecting rod by stacking them, or a spiral laminating method adopted for an alternator for automobiles. The main shaft 110 is not shown in the figure, but a magnetic path in which a central portion is made of stainless steel of a nonmagnetic material, a strength surface is borne on the portion, and a wire made of a soft magnetic material having an insulated surface is bundled on the outside. A method such as providing the above is conceivable. The advent of ferrite having excellent performance in terms of strength and magnetic properties or a magnetic material replacing it is awaited.
The planetary gear type magnetic flux changer has been described above.

Next, a differential gear type magnetic flux changer will be described as another type of magnetic flux changer.
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of this type of magnetic flux changer, and FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line BB. Here, however, the main shaft is schematically shown as it is, not in cross section. Further, in this drawing, the meshing portion of the side gear and the small gear called pinion and the hatching of the bearing cross section are omitted.
The arrows shown in FIG. 4 indicate the direction of the magnetic flux of the pinion 330 at a certain moment when the pinion 330 has two magnetic poles. The direction of the arrow is the N pole, but the direction of the magnetic flux of the pinion 330 is set so as to face the same direction.

This structure is similar to a differential gear. The difference between this device and a normal differential gear is that the normal differential gear has a structure in which both of the two side gears can rotate, whereas one of the side gears of this magnetic flux changer is fixed. Only one side rotates. For this reason, in a normal differential gear, if the left and right side gears rotate equally, the pinion does not rotate. However, in this magnetic flux changer, the pinion 330 always rotates. Of course, the point that the pinion 330 is magnetized is not seen in a normal differential gear.

The basic part of the differential gear type magnetic flux changer is a side gear made of a soft magnetic material that can be rotated (hereinafter referred to as a rotating side gear), and a fixed side gear that is also made of a soft magnetic material that is opposed to the side gear (hereinafter referred to as a fixed side gear) and The four pinions 330 are provided with magnetism made of a hard magnetic material sandwiched between them. The rotating side gear 320 is fixed to the main shaft 310 and rotates with the rotation of the main shaft 310.
The four pinions 330 are attached to the tip of a cross-shaped pinion shaft 335, and rotate around the main shaft 310 together with the pinion shaft 335 at the same time as the rotation side gear 320 rotates around the pinion shaft 335.

In this structure, the meshing portions of the two gears of the rotating side gear 320 and the fixed side gear 340 and the pinion 330 positioned therebetween face each other substantially symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis of the pinion 330.
In these pinions 330, as the respective pinions 330 rotate, N poles and S poles appear alternately in the meshing portions, and the meshing portions of the rotating side gear 320 and the two gears of the fixed side gear 340 always have different magnetic poles. It is like that. Due to this restriction, the number of magnetic poles of the pinion 330 is required to be an odd number twice that of the planetary gear system. The same can be said for the method of giving magnetism to the pinion 330 and the precautions when the number of magnetic poles of the pinion 330 is six or more.

Each pinion 330 mounted rotationally symmetrically around the main shaft 310 is configured such that the same magnetic pole is engaged with the rotating side gear 320, and therefore, the fixed side gear 340 is engaged with the opposite magnetic pole. This is the same as in the case of the planetary gear.
Although only two pinions 330 are shown in FIG. 4, there are two pinions 330 that are not shown in the figure because a cross-shaped pinion shaft 335 is used. The objective can be achieved with a minimum of one, but it is desirable to increase the output, and it is desirable that the pinion 330 is rotationally symmetric around the main shaft 310 to balance the force and mechanically. I want at least three because stability increases. However, if the number is too large, the diameter of the pinion 330 must be reduced, which causes a problem that the pinion 330 is easily damaged and it is difficult to impart magnetism. Furthermore, since the relationship between the diameters of the rotating side gear 320 and the pinion 330 also affects the number of rotations and the frequency, it is necessary to determine in consideration of this point. The same can be said for the planetary gear system.

Similar to the planetary gear type outer ring gear, the fixed side gear 340 has a receiving groove 350, which has a structure in which a connecting rod can be fitted and a coil can be attached.
The holding frame 351 is for holding the main shaft 310 so that the main shaft 310 does not tilt, and needs to be made of a nonmagnetic material. The main bearing 316 between the main shaft 310 and the fixed side gear 340, the main bearing 316 between the main shaft 310 and the pinion shaft 335, and the pinion bearing 336 attached to the tip of the pinion shaft 335 are also made of a nonmagnetic material. is necessary.

The fixed side gear 340 and the rotating side gear 320 used in this type of magnetic flux changer need to be made of materials that do not allow eddy currents to flow. However, it is quite difficult to manufacture this with a thin magnetic steel sheet, and it is expected that this type of magnetic flux changer is quite difficult to produce with high performance and low loss with the current technology. The development of magnetic materials with superior performance in terms of strength and magnetic properties is awaited, compared to the planetary gear system.

The structure of the planetary gear type and differential gear type magnetic flux changer has been described above. The differential gear type rotating side gear is a planetary gear type sun gear, and the differential gear type fixed side gear is a planetary gear type outer ring. It can be said that the differential gear type pinion corresponds to the planetary gear in the planetary gear type. In the planetary gear system, the magnetic flux exits from the planetary gear toward the center sun gear or toward the outer ring gear, and returns from the outer ring gear or the sun gear toward the planetary gear. In the differential gear system, the magnetic flux exits from the pinion toward the rotating side gear or toward the fixed side gear, and returns from the fixed side gear or the rotating side gear toward the pinion.

Summarizing the features common to both, the following can be said.
In any system, N-poles and S-poles alternately appear in meshing portions with rotation, and portions substantially symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis have small gears having opposite polarities. Two gears made of a soft magnetic material are meshed with each other so that the meshed portion of the small gear is positioned substantially symmetrical with respect to the rotational axis of the small gear. The two gears are fixed on one side and rotatable on the other side. When the main shaft is rotated in this state, the rotatable gear rotates in accordance with the rotation of the main shaft and the small gear engaged therewith rotates. Since the small gear is magnetized, even if the meshing portion is initially N-pole, it becomes zero as it rotates, and when it further rotates it becomes S-pole, and when it further rotates it becomes zero and then becomes N-pole again. It changes with rotation like returning. This change is transmitted to the main shaft through meshing rotatable gears.
On the contrary, the fixed gear meshing with the small gear also becomes zero as the rotation starts from what was initially the S pole, and further rotates to become the N pole. Thus, the magnetic small gear rotates, and the change in magnetic flux is transmitted to the rotatable gear and the fixed gear located at both ends of the small gear.

The above is the movement of one magnetic flux changer. In this way, the change in magnetic flux appears between the fixed gear and the rotatable gear. However, in this state, since one pole is rotating, it is very difficult to use. Therefore, another magnetic flux changer of the same type is prepared and connected so that the magnetic poles of the small gears are reversed. In this way, the other magnetic flux changer has the opposite polarity and the same thing happens. Therefore, N poles and S poles with opposite polarities appear alternately on the fixed gears of these two magnetic flux changers, and when they are connected by a connecting rod, an alternating magnetic flux flows around the connecting rod and is wound around it. An induced electromotive force is generated in the coil and a current flows.
Conversely, when a current is passed through the coil, magnetism is generated in the connecting rod, and this magnetism acts on the magnetic force of the small gear to generate an attractive force or a repulsive force, thereby rotating the gear. The magnetic flux changer according to the present invention uses this phenomenon to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy or mechanical energy into electrical energy.

What corresponds to the stator of a normal electric rotating machine called a generator or electric motor is a fixed gear, and what corresponds to the rotor is a small gear and a rotating gear called a planetary gear or a pinion. However, since one of the magnetic poles is rotating unlike a normal electric rotating machine, it is not possible to configure a closed magnetic circuit as it is, so connect the same one so that the magnetism is in reverse phase, It is necessary for the magnetic flux to go from the rotating gear through the main shaft to the other rotating gear and to pass through the other small gear and come out to the fixed gear. The small gear and the rotating gear correspond to a rotating magnetic field of a normal rotating magnetic field generator, and the two fixed gears correspond to an armature fixed to the normal rotating magnetic field generator. By connecting the two fixed gears with connecting rods, a closed magnetic circuit is formed that returns to the first fixed gear. In this way, since the magnetic flux flows through the contact portion of the gear, the air gap is eliminated and the problem described at the beginning can be achieved. The above is an explanation for single-phase alternating current, but as will be described later, it can be realized for three-phase alternating current by using three magnetic flux changers.

Next, the connection method will be specifically described.
Usually, there are two types of electric rotating machines for DC and AC, and AC electric rotating machines are further divided into single-phase AC and three-phase AC. This flux changer cannot be used as a DC motor as it is, but two such flux changers are connected, and a mechanism for detecting the magnetic poles of a small gear is provided like a normal brushless DC motor, thereby connecting the coil of the connecting rod. If the current is switched, it can be used as a DC motor. There is no need to forcibly create a generator for direct current, and it is sufficient to rectify the output of the alternating current generator. Therefore, the connection method as an AC electric rotating machine will be described here.

As an example of the AC generator, FIG. 5 shows a single-phase AC generator, and FIG. 6 shows a configuration method of a three-phase AC generator. In order to configure the generator, the main shaft 510 and the prime mover 585 of the two or three magnetic flux changers 501 are connected by the joint 511 and fixed to the mount 580, and the coil 571 is wound around each receiving groove 551. The connecting rod 561 is simply handed over. The generated electricity can be taken out from the coil 571. In the case of three-phase alternating current, three coils are used as star connection or delta connection.
This configuration can be applied to both the planetary gear type and the differential gear type magnetic flux changers. However, only the same system can be connected, and it is usually impossible to connect the differential gear system and the planetary gear system together. What should be noted in connection is the direction of the magnetic flux of the small gear, which will be described in detail in the following explanation of the operation.

5 and 6 show the outline of the method of configuring the generator, but here, the operation will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
FIG. 7 specifically shows the single-phase AC generator shown in FIG. 5, and shows the configuration of the single-phase generator using two differential gear type magnetic flux changers shown in FIGS. It is the detailed figure shown. Taking this as an example, the operation as a generator will be described. Here, a differential gear type magnetic flux changer is used for explanation, but the operating principle itself is basically the same for the differential gear type and the planetary gear type. However, although the names of the components and the flow of magnetic flux are slightly different, the correspondence between the planetary gear system and the differential gear system has already been explained, so it can be easily understood with either system. .
Only one set of connecting rods and coils is shown in order to avoid complicating the figure and make it easy to see, but in actuality, each connecting groove is connected to each receiving groove.

No. 1 magnetic flux changer 701 and no. Two magnetic flux changers, two magnetic flux changers 702, are attached to a mount 780 and a main shaft 710 is connected by a joint 711 and driven by a prime mover 785. At this time, since magnetic flux flows through the main shaft 710, care must be taken not to increase the magnetic resistance at the joint 711, but this is not necessary for the shaft of the prime mover 785. No. No. 1 provided on the fixed side gear 741. No. 1 receiving groove 751 and No. 1 No. 2 provided on the fixed side gear 742. A connecting rod 761 wound with a coil 771 is fitted between the two receiving grooves 752, and the two magnetic flux changers are magnetically connected by the connecting rod 761 and the joint 711.

For the mount 780 to which the present apparatus is mounted, consideration must be given to using a non-magnetic material so that the magnetic flux does not short-circuit through portions other than the connecting rod 761, the main shaft 710 and the joint 711.
The connecting rod 761 is a rod-shaped superposition of thin magnetic steel plates whose surfaces are insulated in the same manner as a normal transformer iron core, and a coil 771 is wound around the rod. As shown in FIG. 3, in this magnetic flux changer, No. for fitting the connecting rod 761. 1 receiving groove 751 and No.1. Since two receiving grooves 752 are provided at three locations, three coils 771 can be formed. These coils 771 can be connected by either a serial or parallel method as long as characteristics such as the number of turns are aligned, and a coil connected in series or in parallel can be regarded as one coil.

When connecting two flux changers, it is important to pay attention to the direction of the magnetic flux of both pinions.
When the direction of the magnetic flux of the pinion of one magnetic flux changer is directed from the meshing part of the pinion and the rotating side gear to the meshing part of the pinion and the fixed side gear, the direction of the magnetic flux of the pinion of the other magnetic flux changer is the pinion It is important to connect the main shaft 710 so that it is directed from the meshing portion with the fixed side gear to the meshing portion between the pinion and the rotating side gear, that is, having a phase difference of 180 degrees. This 180 degree is No. No. 1 pinion 731 magnetic field lines and No. 1 It is the angle formed by the magnetic field lines of the 2-pinion 732. 1 pinion shaft 735 and no. Note that this is not the angle between the two pinion shafts 736. The same applies to the angle in the case of the three-phase connection described later. The arrows shown in FIG. 7 indicate the direction of the magnetic flux of the pinion at a certain moment.

By connecting two magnetic flux changers, No. 1 pinion 731-No. 1 fixed side gear 741 to connecting rod 761 (coil 771) to No. 1 2 fixed side gear 742-No. 2 pinion 732-No. 2 rotation side gear 722-main shaft 710-No. 1 rotation side gear 721-No. 1 pinion 731
A closed magnetic circuit is formed.
When the number of magnetic poles of the pinion is 2 poles, the same angle difference may be set to 180 degrees in order to obtain a phase difference of 180 degrees, but in the case of 6 poles, the angle difference of 60 degrees, which is one third of this. Will have to do. However, in the case of 6 poles, the angle of 120 degrees is one cycle, so the angle difference of 180 degrees (120 degrees + 60 degrees) and the angle difference of 60 degrees are the same in phase and may be 180 degrees. become.

Now, when the main shaft 710 is rotated by the external prime mover 785, this causes No. One rotation side gear 721 and No. As the two-turn side gear 722 rotates, no. 1 pinion 731 and no. The two pinion 732 rotates. First No. No. 1 facing the fixed side gear 741. When the magnetic field lines of one pinion 731 rotate 90 °, the magnetic field lines that have flowed to the connecting rod 761 do not flow. No. When the 1-pinion 731 is further rotated by 90 °, the magnetic lines of force flowing through the connecting rod 761 flow in the opposite direction to the first. Since the magnitude and direction of the magnetic flux flowing through the connecting rod 761 change, an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 771 wound around the connecting rod 761. No. The magnetic flux of the 2-pinion 732 is no. It changes similarly in the state connected in series with the magnetic flux of 1 pinion 731, and the output of coil 771 further increases.

In this way, a current is generated in the coil 771 by the action of the magnetic field lines of the pinion, but conversely, the energy of the external prime mover 785 is consumed by the reaction by this current. These points are no different from ordinary generators. From the above explanation, it can be easily understood that a generator is configured by connecting two magnetic flux changers. As will be described later, two or three magnetic flux changers must be individually connected and used, and two or three magnetic flux changers can be integrated.

This figure shows a generator that takes out electricity by rotating the main shaft 710 by an external prime mover 785. However, a coil 771 is connected with a load at the prime mover 785, contrary to the case of the generator with the same configuration. When electric current is passed through, a magnetic flux is generated in the connecting rod 761, which acts on the magnetic pole of the pinion to act as an attractive force or a repulsive force, and functions as a synchronous motor that rotates the pinion to extract power from the main shaft 710. However, when starting up, as with normal synchronous motors, starting torque cannot be expected, so care must be taken when using it.

5 and 7 use two magnetic flux changers, but at least one of them needs to have a magnetomotive force. However, the other can be a simple rolling bearing. However, some care is required and this will be explained briefly.
As I have said many times, it is necessary to complete a closed magnetic circuit in order to move this electric rotating machine efficiently. For this reason, it is necessary for the bearing not only to support the rotating shaft but also to pass the lines of magnetic force. In this case, if a bearing having a sliding structure is used as a bearing, a strong suction force acts on the sliding surface to increase the mechanical frictional resistance, which is inconvenient and requires a rolling bearing. It would be convenient to have a ball bearing or roller bearing with a material and structure through which magnetic flux passes well and hysteresis loss and eddy current loss do not occur. However, there are no bearings that are usually considered. As an alternative, a planetary gear using a soft magnetic material can be used. In this case, there is no problem even if the rotation angle is deviated, so it may be a roller instead of a gear, but this is structurally the same as a roller bearing. However, either a planetary gear or a roller has a problem in terms of eddy current loss and is not a highly recommended method.

FIG. 1 magnetic flux changer 801, no. 2 magnetic flux changer 802, no. 3 is a detailed view of a three-phase AC generator configured by combining three differential gear type magnetic flux changers of the three magnetic flux changer 803. FIG. Only one set of arrow-connecting connecting rods and coils is shown.
Three magnetic flux changers are attached to the mount 880 in the same manner as in the case of the single-phase AC generator, and the main shafts 810 are connected by joints 811 and driven by a prime mover 885 provided separately. As the main shaft 810 rotates, no. One rotation side gear 821, No. 1 2 rotation side gear 822, no. No. 3 rotation side gear 823 rotates and meshes with it. 1 pinion 831, no. 2 pinion 832, no. The three pinion 833 rotates.
As for the magnetic characteristics of the mount 880, attention should be paid to short-circuiting of the magnetic flux as in the case of connecting two units.

A connecting rod 860 is fitted into a receiving groove 850 provided outside each fixed side gear, and a coil is wound around the connecting rod. Unlike the case of a single-phase AC generator, No. 1 fixed side gear 841 and No. 1 2 between the fixed side gear 842 and No. 2 2 fixed side gear 842 and No. 2 A connecting rod 860 wound with a coil 870 is passed between the fixed side gear 843 and No. 3 fixed side gear 843. 3 fixed side gear 843 and No. 3 A connecting rod 860 wound with a coil 870 is also passed between the fixed side gear 841.

When the number of magnetic poles of the pinion is two when connecting the main shafts 810 of the respective magnetic flux changers, no. No. 1 on the basis of the case where the direction of the magnetic flux of the pinion 831 is directed from the rotating side gear to the fixed side gear. The direction of the magnetic flux of the 2-pinion 832 is No. 2. The direction is 120 degrees ahead of 1 pinion 831. The direction of the magnetic flux of the 3-pinion 833 is No. 3. What is necessary is just to connect so that it may face in the direction advanced 120 degree | times further than 2 pinion 832. When the number of magnetic poles of the pinion is 6 poles, an angle difference of 40 degrees, which is one third of this, is set. However, since the phase difference of 360 degrees is an angle difference of 120 degrees, 0 degrees, 40 degrees, In place of the angle difference of 80 degrees, the angle difference of 0 degrees, 160 degrees (40 degrees + 120 degrees), and 80 degrees is the same in terms of phase. When the direction of the magnetic flux is 180 degrees, the direction is indicated by an arrow, but it is omitted because it is difficult to display 120 degrees in the sectional view.

No. 1 fixed side gear 841 and No. 1 2 connecting rod 860 connecting the fixed side gear 842, No. 2 2 fixed side gear 842 and No. 2 3 connecting rod 860 connecting fixed side gear 843, No. 3 3 fixed side gear 843 and No. 3 Since there are three connecting rods 860 each connecting one fixed side gear 841 and the coils 870 are wound around each connecting rod 860, the total number of coils is nine. The connection method of these coils is the same as that of the single-phase AC generator. 1 fixed side gear 841 and No. 1 The three coils 870 wound around the three connecting rods 860 passed between the two fixed side gears 842 are regarded as one coil by connecting all in series or all in parallel. I can do it.

Similarly, no. 2 fixed side gear 842 and No. 2 Three coils 870 wound around three connecting rods 860 passed between the three fixed side gears 843 and No. 3 fixed side gear 843. 3 fixed side gear 843 and No. 3 The three coils 870 wound around the three connecting rods 860 passed between the fixed side gear 841 and each of the three connecting rods 860 can be regarded as one coil by connecting them all in series or in parallel. I can do it. Since the electromotive force generated in these three combined coils is shifted by 120 degrees, the induced electromotive force generated is an alternating current whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees. Therefore, a three-phase AC generator can be made by connecting these three synthetic coils in a star connection or a delta connection as in the case of a normal three-phase device.

In the case of a three-phase AC generator, the point of becoming a motor when a three-phase power source is connected to the coil is the same as that of a single-phase AC generator.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view configured as one single-phase AC generator by sharing two sun gears of the planetary gear type magnetic flux changer shown in FIG. Basically, it is the same as that shown in FIG. 5, but the sun gear is shared to form a double sun gear 921, so that the magnetic flux transmitted to one sun gear is directly transmitted to the other sun gear. The main shaft 920 only transmits mechanical force and may be a non-magnetic material. An output can be obtained by passing a connecting rod 925 to each outer ring gear 923 and winding a coil 927. As can be understood from the analogy from FIGS. 1 and 2, the outer ring gears 921 at the top and bottom are the same, but the planetary gear 922 is separate. The attention to the direction of the magnetic flux of the planetary gear 922 is the same as when the two units are connected by a joint, but the angle of the magnetic flux of both planetary gears is adjusted by the joint as compared to the case of connecting them later as shown in FIG. This makes it more difficult to install because it cannot be done. The arrow in the figure indicates the direction of the magnetic flux of the planetary gear 922 at the moment when the planetary gear 922 has two magnetic poles, and the tip of the arrow is the N pole.
Although not shown in the drawing, conversely, there is also a method in which the outer ring gear is shared instead of the sun gear. In this case, sun gears are attached to both ends of the main shaft and fixed so as not to rotate, a coil is wound around the central portion of the main shaft, and the outer ring gear is rotated in common and the induced electromotive force generated in the coil is output. I will take it out.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a configuration in which three planetary gear type magnetic flux changers shown in FIG. 2 are combined into a single three-phase AC generator. Also in this case, since the magnetic flux flows directly through the triple sun gear 931, the main shaft 930 only transmits mechanical force and may be made of a nonmagnetic material. A connecting rod 934 is passed to each outer ring gear 933 and a coil 937 is wound to obtain an output. The attention to the direction of the magnetic flux of the planetary gear 932 has a phase difference of 120 degrees as in the case where the three units are connected by a joint.
In the case of three-phase outer ring gears, the main shaft must be duplicated and the device becomes extremely complicated.

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two differential gear type magnetic flux changers shown in FIG. 3 combined into a single-phase AC generator. A rotating side gear is used in common with one side opposite to be a mirror image, and the common rotating side gear 951 is formed by cutting teeth on both sides of one disk. Since the magnetic flux transmitted to one side of the common rotating side gear 951 is directly transmitted to the opposite surface of the common rotating side gear 951, the main shaft 950 only transmits mechanical force as in the planetary gear system, and is made of a non-magnetic material. good. The attention to the direction of magnetic flux, etc. is the same as when two units are connected by a joint. However, since one side is in a mirror image state, the pinion 952 has two magnetic poles as indicated by the arrows in the figure. The direction of the magnetic flux of the pinion 952 at a certain moment is in the same direction. There is no particular change in the output fetching.

110 Main shaft
120 sun gear 130 planetary gear 140 outer ring gear 150 receiving groove 310 main shaft 316 main bearing 320 rotating side gear 330 pinion 335 pinion shaft 336 pinion bearing 340 fixed side gear 350 receiving groove 351 holding frame 501 magnetic flux changer 510 main shaft 511 joint 551 receiving groove 561 Connecting rod 571 Coil 580 Mount 585 Motor 701 No. 1 magnetic flux changer 702 2 Magnetic flux changer 710 Main shaft 711 Joint 721 No. 1 rotation side gear 722 No. 2 rotation side gear 731 1 pinion 732 No. 1 2 pinion 735 no. 1 pinion shaft 736 No. 2 pinion shaft 741 No. 1 fixed side gear 742 2 fixed side gear 751 1 receiving groove 752 No. 1 2 receiving groove 761 connecting rod 771 coil 780 mount 785 prime mover 801 No. 2 1 magnetic flux changer 802 No. 1 2 magnetic flux changer 803 No. 3 magnetic flux changer 810 main shaft 811 joint 821 No. 3 One rotation side gear 822 No. 2 rotation side gear 823 No. 3 rotation side gear 831 No. 1 pinion 832 No. 1 2 pinion 833 No. 3 pinion 841 No. 3 1 fixed side gear 842 2 fixed side gear 843 3 fixed side gear 850 receiving groove 860 connecting rod 870 coil 880 mount 885 prime mover 920 main shaft 921 double sun gear 922 planetary gear 923 outer ring gear 925 connecting rod 927 coil 930 main shaft 931 three sun gear 932 planetary gear 933 outer ring gear 934 connecting Rod 937 Coil 950 Main shaft 951 Common rotating side gear 952 Pinion

Claims (1)

A plurality of small gears having the same characteristics in which N-poles and S-poles alternately appear in meshing portions with rotation and symmetric portions with respect to the rotation axis have opposite polarities are fixed with a soft magnetic material. Both the gears and the rotatable gear made of soft magnetic material so that the positions of their meshing portions are substantially symmetric with respect to the rotational axis of the small gear, and the direction of the magnetic flux of each small gear The angle formed between the straight line connecting the two meshing portions of each small gear and the direction of the magnetic flux of each small gear is substantially symmetric with respect to the rotational axis of each small gear. Magnetic flux changer meshed so as to be equal to each other and an electric rotating machine configured using the same.

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