JP2013014960A - Soil sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problems that in the process of sampling a high-quality sample from the soil and supplying it for a test, the quality decreases due to the friction between a sample storage pipe and the sample, and to prevent falling of the sample due to the decrease of friction simultaneously.SOLUTION: New methods to be employed are implemented in several steps of: reducing the friction resistance of the material of a sample storage pipe, especially the inner surface; applying a lubricant efficiently; appropriately maintaining the contact pressure of the sample and the sample storage pipe; and surely preventing falling of the sample with a mechanical catcher.

Description

  The present invention relates to a ground sample collection device used when collecting a specimen for performing an advanced laboratory test such as strength and deformation characteristics of the ground in a borehole bottom or pit, and particularly takes a sample into a sample storage tube. A ground sampling device that reduces friction and prevents samples from dropping due to frictional force acting on the sample circumference when the sample is pushed out of the storage tube, vacuum pressure when pulling out the sampler, various vibrations and oscillations, etc. About.

  The mechanical information of the ground, which is indispensable for the design and construction of structures built on the ground or in the ground, and the prediction and restoration of liquefaction and landslide disasters, varies greatly depending on the quality of the specimens used for the test. Here, changes in ground pressure and pore pressure due to friction, vacuum pressure, etc. between the ground sample and the sample storage tube, which has been a long-term development, taking into account all the factors of quality degradation of the specimen, which have been the main cause of quality degradation. Focused on.

  In the research and development in this field, as with the main objective of this time, the most important thing is to ensure that the sample can be collected even if it is high quality. The sampling method under various stress conditions was the mainstream. In particular, as a result of press-fitting a tube having a rough inner surface (there is no standard that defines the roughness), the sample is compressed, but a fixed piston sampler is generally used to cope with this ( In the rough tube, the friction is large and the sample is difficult to fall, but if the sample is compressed, a negative pressure is generated between the piston and the upper surface of the sample, and the sample is expanded.) After sampling, the vacuum pressure is increased when trying to lift the sampler from the ground. The collected sample is pulled downward, but if the friction with the tube is large, the sample is difficult to fall, which is convenient for the collector. There were many coping therapy developments that left the cause of quality degradation as it was.

JP-A-60-200143 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-200144 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-125490 JP 09-72184 A JP 2001-98539 A JP 2008-002068 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-136418 (Patent Documents 1 and 2) (Application 1984.03): Ground pressure balance type ground sampler / sample sampling method. It is premised on application to loose to medium viscous soil, sandy ground, etc. that can mainly penetrate the sampler statically. Samples cut with a shoe having a diameter smaller than that of the sample storage tube are pressed into the pressure corresponding to the earth pressure in the sample storage tube and taken into the curable fluid, with the main purpose of preventing quality degradation due to stress release and friction. A sampling device and method. Patent Document 3 (Application 1987.11): Pressurized ground sampling method and apparatus. It is premised on application to loose to medium viscous soil, sandy ground, etc. that can mainly penetrate the sampler statically. The axial pressure is applied to the sample in the sample storage tube (with a piston that expands and contracts in diameter) and the sample storage tube can be expanded in the lateral direction (radial direction) (excluding the upper and lower ends) This is a method and apparatus for collecting a sample in a state where a plurality of vertical slits are inserted in a range and a plurality of rubber bands are attached to the outside and the pressure is applied from the lateral direction.

  Patent Document 4 (Application 1995.09): Sampler for ground sample. Claim 4: By forming a V-shaped easily breakable groove at the 180 ° target position on the inner tube (storage tube) made of transparent resin, it can be easily divided into two parts and taken out without disturbing the sample. it can).

  Patent Document 5 (Application 1999.09): Granular ground core barrel. It is assumed that the sample is collected while rotating and cutting soil particles such as gravel. Claim 1: Put a piston with a functional cap into a core tube with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the rotating cutting bit to form a bottom lid, enclose a highly viscous fluid in it, and the core by rotating cutting enters the sampler Then, the enclosed highly viscous fluid becomes high pressure, is injected into the annular gap formed by the tube and the core through the functional cap, flows down while discharging the core, and is discharged from the bit portion.

  Claim 2: In principle, it is a double core tube type, and the inner tube is not rotated but is cut by rotation by the outer tube, and the core enters inside. The high-viscosity fluid flows down between the inner tube and the core by the action of the piston to the bit, and then flows between the inner and outer tubes through a valve in the head of the inner tube and is discharged from the bit surface.

  Patent Document 6 (Application 2006.06): Intrusion-type ground sampling device. It is premised on application to loose to medium viscous soil, sandy ground, etc. that can mainly penetrate the sampler statically. A highly concentrated solution consisting of a lubricant in a space consisting of a fixed piston and a sample storage tube at the tip of the sample storage tube, in contact with the bottom of the hole, using the principle of a sampler that presses a commonly used sample storage tube with a hydraulic piston. When the sample storage tube (usually a metal thin pipe is used for ease of penetration and strength) is pressed in with a hydraulic jack, the lubricant that has become high pressure is removed between the piston and the sample storage tube. The sample is cured while flowing down, and finally flows down from the circumferential surface of the piston by the volume of the collected sample and is discharged into the hole from the discharge port at the top of the shoe. When press-fitted for a predetermined length, the catcher stored in the upper part of the shoe is pushed out by a hydraulic jack and closed at the upper part of the shoe to prevent the sample from dropping.

  Patent Document 7 (Application 21994.11): An apparatus that prevents the rotational force of the inner tube from being transmitted to the inner tube through the outer tube rod at the sampler head by the planet gear. The purpose is to prevent the deterioration of the quality of the collected sample by preventing the rotation of the inner tube.

  There are many papers related to the aforementioned patents, but the others are listed below.

Provision of high-quality specimens and experimental study on friction problems (Yukawa Sakai 46th Geotechnical Engineering Conference 2001.079)
As a result of conducting an extrusion friction experiment by filling sand into a standardized sample storage tube (thin wall tube Twt) that is generally used in Japan, the result is that Twt + lubricant (polymer) coating is 1 although it depends on the sand density. As a result, it was found that the PVC pipe was 3, the acrylic pipe was crushed in the middle, and Twt was 50 to 100 times as large (the friction was drastically reduced when the lubricant was applied). From this, it was found that the PVC material tube, which is a consumable item, is the cheapest and the best material is the PVC tube, which has excellent sliding characteristics and workability. It was judged that it was best in practice to apply a lubricant to this.

  A study on basic elemental technology of sampling (Sakai et al., Journal of Society and Basics Vol.46 No.5 1998). It was made visible that even when the ground has good water permeability, when the core barrel in the hole is pulled up rapidly, more intense boiling occurs than the liquefaction phenomenon. From this, if a sampler that penetrates into the ground is pulled up, a large negative pressure will be generated, the hole bottom ground will be violently disturbed, and the quality of the collected sample will deteriorate, so it is necessary to take a principle measure to stop the generation of negative pressure There is.

  When considering high-quality sampling, quality deterioration factors vary greatly depending on the target ground. Therefore, the application range of the sampler is listed below as problems when the sampler is represented by a loose to dense sand / sandy soil layer and a sand layer mixed with pebbles.

The main issues are the following three issues A, B, and C (as a matter of course, the means are selected based on safety, pollution-free property, economy, handling, durability, etc.).
A: Prevention of quality degradation due to friction between the inner surface of the sample storage tube and the collected sample: Including when the sample is pushed out B: Sample dropping and quality degradation due to generation of negative pressure:
C: Decrease penetration resistance: Utilization of lubricant by cutting the outer peripheral surface, etc. D: Others: workability, vibration, torsion, edge angle ...

Problem A: Means for reducing friction between inner surface of sample storage tube and collected sample:
Conventionally, the material of the sample storage tube has been brass because of its ease of processing, but at present, stainless steel, which has excellent strength, is the mainstream, and generally has an inner diameter of 75 mm and a wall thickness of 1.5 to 2.0 mm. Is. However, this pipe has a very large inner surface, so the frictional resistance with the sample is very large. However, when the lubricant is uniformly applied thereto, as described above, it becomes easier to slip than the slippery PVC pipe. For this reason, a clearance is provided between the sample storage tube and the sample as in JP-A-2001-98539 and JP-A-2008-002065, and the friction is extremely reduced by a method in which a lubricant is pressed into the sample storage tube. However, depending on the ground, There are concerns about quality degradation due to release of underground stress due to clearance and penetration of lubricant into the sample. In order to solve both of these problems, a discharge pressure adjustment valve that prevents the pressure rise of the lubricant such as the polymer solution is attached to the sampler head, so that it is necessary to separate all the lubricants from the conventional method. In order to apply the lubricant to the entire inner surface of the sample storage tube at an appropriate thickness, the gap adjustment for adjusting the gap between the inner wall of the sample storage tube and the free piston corresponding to the bottom cover of the lubricant storage space Mount the unit, put the sample storage tube in the penetration tube, let the lubricant flow down to the upper part of the shoe at the lower end of the sample in the annular gap of this double tube, and install the lubricant application tube consisting of oblique slits at the lower part of the sample This can be solved by using the lubricant around the sample. At present, there are problems such as the material and surface treatment of the sample storage tube and the maintenance of underground stress, but it is based on the combined use with the penetrating tube. Adjustments such as lubricant concentration, lubricant discharge pressure, clearance between sample outer diameter and sample storage tube, and lubricant coating thickness at the free piston at the top of the sample can be freely set just before sampling. To improve and stabilize quality.

  As described above, the friction resistance of the sample storage tube is changed by the pressure acting on the inner surface of the sample storage tube due to the ground pressure that has a proportional relationship with the frictional force in addition to the material and the surface processing. If the conditions of the friction surface are the same, there will be no disturbance in the static state if there is no stress release and the pressure equivalent to the ground pressure is maintained, but the friction force reaches the maximum value due to the relative variation and the sample is disturbed. Adjustment of the clearance determines the pressure acting in the radial direction of the sample storage tube, and as a result, peripheral friction force is generated, so optimization of the clearance is an important issue, but this also depends on the ground and depth (If the ground is self-supporting even with a large clearance, a zero friction state that does not contact the inner surface of the sample storage tube can be reproduced, but depending on the ground, phenomena such as disturbance or collapse due to stress release may occur.) Therefore, in order to empirically lead to the optimum state, a method of supporting the outer periphery of the sample storage tube (slit tube) that can be expanded and contracted in the circumferential direction with an elastic material is effective. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. H01-125490 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. S60-200143 / 200144) is helpful. However, the present invention is not mainly intended to apply the restraining pressure to the sample to be collected and the axial pressure by the piston, and in combination with the lubricant, the disturbance of the sample due to stress release and the reduction of the ground pressure acting on the sample storage tube Focusing on the relationship of turbulence caused by lowering of frictional resistance, the main purpose is to minimize the turbulence of the sample due to the adjustment of the peripheral pressure of the vertical slit sample storage tube and the adjustment of the discharge pressure of the lubricant. In addition to the above, the use of a slit tube is the most effective method to prevent quality degradation due to friction when extruding a sample from a storage tube. Since it may be performed after that, the sample peripheral surface and the storage tube cannot be removed due to hardening of the lubricant or the like, but if there is a slit, the adhesion can be easily peeled off and taken out.

Problem B: Means for preventing sample drop and quality degradation due to generation of negative pressure:
When the sampler sampled from the intrusion type is pulled out from the ground, a vacuum pressure is generated at the tip, which degrades the quality of the sample. In the worst case, the sample falls. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to excavate the outside of the penetration pipe so that the water pressure in the hole is immediately supplied to the shoe position. In addition, even if negative pressure does not occur, the sample is likely to fall due to a decrease in internal friction of the sample storage tube. In addition to applying upward water pressure to the sample on the lower surface of the sampler with the water pressure in the hole, a mechanical sample fall prevention method Can be used together. (For example, according to the catcher operating mechanism JP 2008-002065 A).

  In the rotary cutting type sampler, since the outside is cut, negative pressure is unlikely to be generated. A typical example is a triple tube sampler (JGS1223-2003, Geotechnical Society Standard), and a PVC pipe is usually used as a sample storage tube. However, the evaluation of collected samples at the academic level is not always good. The reason is that the sample falls on a loose sand ground (no catcher is attached), and on a dense or hard ground, it is easily disturbed because it is collected with a large clearance. In particular, the common cause of turbulence is that rolling occurs when the vibration and applied pressure during rotation are large. Therefore, lubricant is applied to the inner surface of the sample storage tube on the upper and lower surfaces of the sample to reduce the frictional resistance, and the bit is not for cutting soil particles, but has a sharp blade shape that can be cut smoothly while peeling the soil particles. The cutting torque is made extremely small by cutting with 3 cutting edges instead of cutting the entire circumference, and vibration and rolling are reduced by reducing the rotation speed to a fraction of the conventional minimum rotation speed. It is time to reduce.

Problem C: Means for reducing penetration resistance:
As described above, by applying a lubricant to the entire surface of the sample to be collected, the friction resistance between the sample and the sample storage tube is reduced, and friction during penetration by ensuring appropriate clearance (optimization of restraint pressure), etc. We will reduce friction by reducing the resistance and excavating the outside of the penetration pipe.

Issue D: Other:
Easily adjust the lubricant application thickness by adjusting the concentration of lubricant, lubricant discharge pressure, and adjustment of the piston gap adjustment unit immediately after analyzing the sampling results immediately before the site work By making it possible, we decided to stabilize and improve quality.

  (With gravel) This is a high-quality sample collection device for sandy ground. By reducing the friction between the sample storage tube and the sample, the disturbance when pushing the sample from the original can be drastically reduced. In addition, by adjusting the discharge pressure of the lubricant and applying the lubricant under the sample from the oblique slit, the problem of friction reduction and penetration of the lubricant into the collected sample could be cleared. A system that helps build high quality at the next site has been constructed by accumulating achievements at the site.

  It is possible to reduce friction due to ground pressure balance and prevent quality degradation by releasing stress, and to prevent quality degradation due to torque cutting and cutting vibration acting on the sample during rotary cutting. It is possible to construct a system that helps to improve the quality at the site.

Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention. The front view of the state which connected the sample storage container and lubricant application | coating container of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the sample storage trough and penetration penetration of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing when a lubricant is accommodated in the lubricant storage space of the first embodiment of the present invention. Explanatory drawing of the state by which the lubricant was accommodated in the lubricant storage space of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing in the case of a sample entering into the sample storage tub of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the state taken out in the state which the sample entered into the sample storage container of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The front view of the state which connected the sample storage container and lubricant application | coating container of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the sample storage trough and penetration penetration of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The front view of the state which connected the sample storage container and the lubricant application | coating container of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the sample storage trough and penetration penetration of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The front view of the state which connected the sample storage container and the lubricant application | coating container of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the sample storage trough and penetration penetration of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the 5th Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 5th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the state which the sample entered in the sample storage container of the 5th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the state which the sample catching apparatus of the 5th Embodiment of this invention act | operated. Explanatory drawing of the use condition of the 6th Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of 6th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the state which the sample entered into the sample storage container of 6th Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 7th Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 8th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the state which operated the moat lowering apparatus of the 8th Embodiment of this invention.

  The present invention aims to improve and stabilize the quality of sampling from on-site sampling to extraction of the collected sample from the sample storage tube, mainly from sandy soil to pebbles mixed sand, pebbly soil, etc. It is not the main target ground to cover even dense things and conversely cut the soil particles and rocks to collect the core.

Examples of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 show an embodiment corresponding to claim 1 as a basic type of the high-quality ground sampling device. This high-quality ground sample collection device is intended for collection of loose sandy ground that can be easily and statically penetrated.

  1 to 8, the ground sample collection device X for collecting a ground sample in the sample storage tube 4 by lowering the sample storage tube 4 in the axial direction to the bottom of the borehole B drilled in the ground. The ground sampling device X includes a sampler head 2 attached to the tip of the rod 1, a penetrating rod 3 whose upper end is fixed to the sampler head 2 so as to be screwed or slidable, and the penetrating rod. Samples obtained by adhering or coating a low frictional resistance material or a low frictional resistance sheet inserted into the penetration wall 3 so that the lubricant flow path 5 is formed between the inner wall surface and the inner wall surface. A sample storage rod 4 for protecting the sample storage rod 4 and a lubricant application rod 7 in which a slanted lubricant flow path 22 on a strip is formed at a lower end portion of the sample storage rod 4 with the same inner diameter as the sample storage rod 4. The lower end of the penetrating rod 3 The sample container 4 and the lubrication 4 are lubricated with the upper part of the sample container 4 having an outer taper having the same diameter or slightly smaller inner diameter as the sample container 4 attached to the bottom surface of the sampler head 2. Lubricant storage space for the sample storage rod 4 between the piston 14 and the sampler head 2, the shoe 6 for fixing the agent application rod 7, the piston 14 slidably mounted in the sample storage rod 4. Lubricant is supplied to the lubricant 18, and when a predetermined pressure is applied to the supplied lubricant, the lubricant passage 19 is discharged to the outside, and the lubricant storage space 18 formed in the upper portion of the sample storage bowl 4 The communication hole 8 is configured to supply the lubricant to the lubricant channel 19.

  Specifically, the sample storage tube 4 for storing the sample is a PVC tube (in addition, a tube made of a material having a small frictional resistance with soil such as Teflon, and a material in which these thin sheets are attached or coated on the inner surface are also objects. (Since there are a variety of inexpensive pipes, PVC pipes were used), and the penetration pipe 3 with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter was covered, and a short pipe with the same inner diameter as the sample storage pipe 4 was filled with lubricant from the slit on the entire surface of the sample. A lubricant application pipe 7 provided at a portion where the lubricant supply groove of the inclined slit as the strip-shaped inclined lubricant flow path 22 is in contact with the shoe 6 is placed below the penetration pipe 3 so that the application can be performed. The angle and length of the inclined slit are determined so that the lubricant that has oozed out of the inclined slit 22 is applied to the entire peripheral surface of the sample.

  The penetration tube 3 is detachably screwed to the sampler head 2 while the top of the sample storage tube 4 is in contact with the lower surface of the sampler head 2. An outer tapered shoe 6 having the same diameter or slightly smaller inner diameter than the sample storage tube 4 is detachably screwed to the lower end of the penetration tube 3 to fix the sample storage tube 4 and the lubricant application tube 7. A piston 14 having a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the sample storage tube 4 is set near the bottom in the sample storage tube 4. When the inner diameter of the tip of the shoe 6 is smaller than that of the sample storage tube 4 and the clearance is taken, the piston 14 is prevented from falling off at the step, but when there is no step, the sampler head 2 is shown as shown in the figure. The piston fixing wire 13 prevents it from falling off between the lower surface of the two. A lubricant storage space 18 having a side wall of the sample storage tube 4 formed at the bottom of the piston 14 is filled with a lubricant such as a concentrated polymer solution of usually 1 to 5% through the injection hole 11 of the sampler head 2 part, and Through the upper communicating hole 8 of the sample storage tube 4, it flows down the annular flow path 5 composed of the sample storage tube 4 and the penetration tube 3 to fill the lower end of the lower lubricant application tube 7, and the lubricant application tube 7 is inclined. Fill the high quality ground sampler with lubricant while discharging air from the slit 22 (When the high quality ground sampler is lowered into the hole, the lubricant is so viscous that it flows out of the gap of the piston 14. Never).

  The lubricant discharge pressure adjustment valve 10 in the sampler head 2 is made of an elastic thin tape so that the lubricant is uniformly applied to the entire surface of the sample and the lubricant does not penetrate to the deep part of the sample. The amount of lubricant coming out from the lubricant discharge hole 9 is adjusted by the tension and the number of turns wound around the head. Similarly, the lubricant is wiped off from the gap between the piston 14 and the inner surface of the sample storage tube 4 so that the lubricant does not flow and penetrate into the sample. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the gap in consideration of the concentration (viscosity) of the lubricant. Therefore, a cushion 15 such as a sponge is set on the piston 14 and is adjusted by the compression bolt nut 17 via the compression plate 16.

  When a pressure is applied to the sampler head 2 from the ground via the rod 1 to cause the penetration tube 3 and the sample storage tube 4 to penetrate at the same time, the sample enters the sample storage tube 4 and at the same time the piston 14 rises relatively. (Since it is a fixed piston type, the depth of the piston 14 is constant and only the high-quality ground sampling device penetrates), the lubricant is pressurized, and the pressurized lubricant passes through the communication hole 8 and passes through the annular channel 5. The lubricant is applied to the side surface of the sample from the inclined slit 22 by the flowing down lubricant application tube 7, and the surplus lubricant is discharged from the discharge pressure adjusting valve 10 of the sampler head 2 part. Thus, various adjustments can be made according to the state of the ground before sampling.

  9 to 12 mainly differs from the first embodiment in that one vertical slit 21 is formed in a portion excluding the entire axial length or the lower end of the sample storage basket 4A, and the outer periphery thereof. Is the same as that of the first embodiment even in the ground sampling device X1 configured by using the sample storage rod 4A in that the one supported by the three elastic beams 23, 23, 23 is used. Is obtained.

  It should be noted that the sample storage tube 4A is not simply a rigid tube, and the sample storage tube 4A can be expanded and contracted in the diametrical direction in order to reduce the increase in friction caused by the sample expanding due to the ground pressure. In order to eliminate friction when the sample is extruded from the tube 4A, the sample can be extruded in a state where the longitudinal slit 21 is widened and friction does not work.

  The third embodiment of FIGS. 13 to 16 is mainly different from the first embodiment in that three vertical slits 21, 21, 21 are formed in a portion excluding the total length in the axial direction or the lower end portion of the sample storage basket 4 </ b> B. However, the ground sample collection device X2 configured using such a sample storage rod 4B is also used in the first embodiment in that the outer peripheral portion is supported by three elastic beams 23, 23, 23. The same effect can be obtained.

  17 to 20 mainly differs from the first embodiment in that three vertical slits 21, 21, and 21 are formed in a portion excluding the total length in the axial direction or the lower end portion of the sample storage basket 4C. However, in the ground sampling device X3 configured using such a sample storage rod 4C, the outer peripheral portion is taped with a tape 24 or is supported by a plurality of elastic tubes. The same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  The restraining pressure acting on the slit storage tube 4c can be adjusted in advance by selecting the elastic tube diameter, thickness and number, and the width and thickness of the elastic beams 23, 23 and 23, and the hardness.

  The fifth embodiment of FIGS. 21 to 24 differs from the first embodiment mainly in that the piston 14 is fixed to a piston fixing rod 28 that slides in the center of the sampler head 2, and the piston fixing rod 28 is used. The upper end of the outer rod is attached to the bottom surface, and the outer rod mounting member 27 is attached to the upper end of the rod 1 on the upper surface. The upper end is fixed to the outer rod mounting member 27, and the penetrating rod 3 excluding the tip portion is disposed inside. The outer casing 25 to be stored, the penetrating piston 30 provided in the outer casing 25 between the outer casing mounting member 27 and the sampler head 2, and the pressurized water between the penetrating piston 30 and the outer casing mounting member 27 A pressurized water supply passage 31b for supplying pressurized water to the chamber 31a and a penetrating strike provided in the penetrating piston 30 engaged with a stopper hole 33 formed in a portion near the lower portion of the outer casing 25. When the stopper 32 and the penetration stopper 32 are engaged with the stopper hole 33, the pressurized water flows into the lower pressurized water chamber 31c between the penetration piston 30 and the sampler head 2, and the sampler head 2 is moved downward. And a sample catching device 70 of a sample storage rod provided with a high water pressure operation valve 31 provided on the penetrating piston 30 for bending the tip of the lubricant application rod 7 inward by the shoe 6 to provide a ground sampling device. X4 is configured.

  Since the ground sampling device X4 configured in this way is equipped with a forced press-fitting catcher, there is no fear of the sample falling, but the sampling hole diameter is increased by the presence of the hydraulic cylinder.

  A sampler head 2 is attached to the tip of the boring rod 1, and a penetrating piston 30 that slides in a watertight manner is fitted into an outer tube 25 connected to the sampler head 2. A penetrating tube 3 having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube 25 is connected to the piston. In this, a circular pipe 5 is formed to form a double pipe into which a small-diameter sample storage pipe 4 is inserted. A lubricant communication hole 8 is provided at the top of the sample storage pipe 4 and the penetration pipe 3 is provided. A shoe 6 having an outer taper and having a diameter slightly smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample storage tube 4 is connected to the tip, and the upper surface of the shoe 6 and the sample storage tube 4 have the same diameter as the inner diameter of the sample storage tube 4. A strip-shaped catcher / lubricant application tube 26 that has been subjected to inclined slit processing is fitted therein. The lubricant is applied to the entire surface of the sample by putting a large number of slits diagonally on the circumference of the short tube so that the entire surface of the sample is covered with slits, so that it covers the entire surface of the sample. The tip has an outer taper, and when it is pushed in by making several grooves on the circumference, the blade tip hits the inclined ring on the upper surface of the shoe 6 and bends inward, and the sample is pierced into the sample near the upper surface of the shoe 6 It is designed to prevent the fall.

  The upper end portion of the sample storage tube 4 is joined to a catcher operating piston 34 having the penetration tube 3 as a cylinder. The piston 14 is in contact with the lower surface of the penetration piston 30, and the shoe 6 is located at the same position as the shoe 6 inner diameter or slightly. Lubricant is enclosed in a lubricant storage space 18 formed by setting a fixed piston 14 having a small diameter, and the fixed piston 14 has a piston fixing rod 28 in the center, which rod is a conduit for enclosing the lubricant. Also, the center of the catcher operating piston 34 and the penetrating piston 30 penetrates in a watertight and slidable manner and is coupled to the sampler head 2. The conduit passes through the sampler head 2 and is connected to the injection hole 11 at the end. The sampler branched to the discharge hole 9 and connected to the injection valve 12 and the discharge pressure adjusting valve 10 is lowered to the sampling depth so that the rod 1 does not move up and down. When the fixed piston 30 and the catcher actuating piston 34 are simultaneously pushed downward through the muddy water conduit 29 of the outer rod mounting member 27 after being fixed on the ground and injected with pressurized water into the rod 1, the sample is placed in the sample storage tube 4. At the same time, the piston 14 rises and the lubricant is pressurized.

  A thin film remains so that the pressurized lubricant does not flow downward from the gap between the piston 14 and the sample storage tube 4 and penetrate the sample, and the lubricant is not completely removed from the inner wall of the sample storage tube 4. The gap adjusting unit 15 attached to the piston 14 is adjusted in advance to the extent. The pressurized lubricant flows through the communication hole 8 and flows down in the annular flow path 5, and the lubricant is applied to the side of the sample from the oblique slit of the lubricant application tube 7. The remaining lubricant is the sampler head 2 part. The discharge pressure adjusting valve 10 is discharged.

When a predetermined length of penetration occurs, the penetration stopper 32 is fitted into the stopper hole 33 provided at the lower end portion of the outer tube 25 from the side surface of the penetration piston 30, and the penetration piston 30 is moved up and down using the stop of the penetration piston 30 as a trigger. While the movement is stopped, the catcher operating piston 34 set below is lowered by the injection of pressurized water, and the tip is brought into contact with the upper surface of the shoe 6 and the tip of the catcher / lubricant application pipe 26. The part bends inward and sticks to the end of the sample while overlapping with the adjacent strip, so that the sample can be collected without dropping.
Also, when penetration resistance increases and penetration is likely to occur, a core tube with a diameter larger than the sampler head 2 and longer than the total length of the sampler is drilled with a diameter larger than that of the rod 1 attached to the sampler head 2 Connect the hose to the swivel that can rotate and move up and down at the upper end, and cover these with the rod 1 and sampler to pump muddy water from the hose without rotating the rod 1 and digging the pipe By rotating or swinging only, the ground around the penetrating pipe 3 is excavated to reduce the frictional resistance, and the generation of the negative pressure when the sampler is lifted is eliminated.

  In the sixth embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 to 27, the main difference from the first embodiment is that it is fixed to the connecting rod 40 penetrating the central portion of the sampler head 2 and is slidable to the upper portion of the connecting rod 40 A rotary cutting rod mounting member 35 to which the tip of the rod 1 is mounted, and an upper end portion of the rotary cutting rod mounting member 35 is fixed to the rotary cutting rod mounting member 35. A rotary cutting rod 36 having a gap as an annular flow path 5 between the penetrating rod 3 positioned on the outer periphery of the cylinder and a pressurized water supply hole for supplying pressurized water supplied from the rod 1 to the gap as the annular flow path 5 29. A connecting rod support for allowing the connecting rod 40 attached to the bottom surface of the rotary cutting rod attaching member 35 to move up and down and preventing the rotation of the rotating cutting rod attaching member 35 from being transmitted. The cutting device 39 of the outer peripheral portion of the penetration Kan 3 consisting of member 38. constitute a soil sampling device X5 provided.

The ground sampling device X5 configured in this way is intended for medium to dense sand ground and ground mixed with pebbles, compared to the static press-fitting type of the first and second embodiments. This is an improved version of a sampler that is commonly used.
As shown in FIGS. 25 to 27 in the embodiment related to claim 4, the basic difference from the ordinary triple tube sampler is that the piston 14 is mounted and the lubricant is sealed, and the sample storage tube 4 and the penetration tube. 3 is an annular flow path 5, and the lubricant can flow down through the communication hole 8 at the top of the sample storage tube 4, and the lubricant is applied to the side surface of the sample at the lubricant application tube 7 at the bottom of the sample to reduce friction. This is the main difference.

  3. A rotatable thrust bearing 38a is provided on the specific sampler head 2 according to claim 1 and a rotary cutting rod mounting member 35 is mounted thereon via a spring 38b which expands and contracts in the axial direction. A rotary cutting bar 36 having a bit 37 is connected to the rotary cutting bit 37, the rod 1 is connected to the center of the upper surface of the rotary cutting bit 37, and the pressing force and torque are transmitted to the rotary cutting bit 37, and via the rod 1. The muddy water to be pumped passes through the muddy water conduit 29 by the rotary cutting bit 37, is guided to the annular gap between the inner surface of the rotary cutting rod 36 and the penetration pipe 3 of the specific sampler, and is injected by the rotary cutting bit portion 37, and sampling is performed while excavating. It can be done.

A lubricant such as a concentrated polymer solution is guided to the injection valve 12 and the discharge pressure adjustment valve 10 of the rotary cutting rod 36 through the sampler head 2 and the connecting rod / lubricant conduit 40 passing through the center line of the thrust bearing 38a and the spring 38b. .
When a sample is taken from a moderate to medium sand ground, the rotary cutting bit 37 is not attached to the entire peripheral surface of the conventional type so that torque is not applied to the sample, but is sharply attached only to 3 to 5 points. It is a mud feed type rotary cutting using a simple cutting edge.

  In the seventh embodiment of FIG. 28, the main difference from the sixth embodiment is that the outer periphery of the rod 1 on the sampler head 2 side is covered with a moat 42 to which pressurized water is supplied, and the lower end of the moat 42 is The core tube head 43 is fixed, the upper end portion is fixed to the core tube head 43, the lower end portion provided with the bit 37 is positioned on the outer peripheral portion of the shoe 6, and the core tube 44 has a gap with the penetration rod 3. A ground cutting device X6 is provided by providing a cutting device 39A on the outer periphery of the penetrating rod 3 composed of

  The ground sampling device X6 configured in this manner will be described in more detail. The core tube 44 covers the rod 1 and the entire sampler in a non-contact manner in principle. A digging pipe 42 is put on the outside of the rod 1, a core tube head 43 is connected to the lower end of the digging pipe, and a core tube 44 with a bit 37 attached to the lower end. The upper end of the rod 1 is connected to a boring machine (not shown) so that it can move up and down. A swivel 45 and a rotation handle 47 are mounted on the rod 1, and the swivel 45 transmits only the vertical movement of the rod 1 and prevents rotation. A mud hose 46 is connected to the upper surface of the swivel 45, and mud excavation using only the vertical movement of the excavation pipe 42 or mud excavation using both rotation, oscillation and vertical movement is performed to reduce the penetration resistance of the sampler, and when the sampler is pulled out. The vacuum is not generated and the ground is not disturbed.

  29 and 30 differs from the seventh embodiment mainly in the moat 42 that is supplied with pressurized water covering the outer periphery of the rod 1 on the sampler head 2 side and is movable up and down. An operating rod head 49 fixed to the lower end portion of the rod 42, a sample storage having a gap with the penetrating rod 3, the upper end portion of which is fixed to the operating rod head 49 and the lower end portion is located on the outer peripheral portion of the shoe 6. A catcher operating rod 54 capable of catching the sample stored in the rod 4, a cutting rod head 48 fixed to the moat rod 42 at the upper position of the operating rod head 49, and an upper end portion thereof being fixed to the cutting rod head 48. Further, the cutting rod 36 having a lower end provided with a bit whose inner surface is inclined is moved to the outer periphery of the shoe 6 and the moat rod 42 is moved downward to move the operating rod head 49 and the catcher operating rod 54 downward. Let Catcher - constitute a soil sampling device X7 provided HoriKan lowering device 50 for bending inward along the inner surface of the bit 37 of the distal end portion of the actuating Kan 54.

  The ground sampling device X7 configured in this manner will be described in more detail. It is characterized by excavating the outer periphery of the specific sampler to reduce the penetration resistance and also equipped with a forced press-fitting catcher. In addition, since the rotation is fixed by the rod 1 on the ground so that no torque acts on the sample / sample storage tube 4 and the penetration tube 3, the cause of quality deterioration is cut.

  The rod 1 is joined to the center of the specific sampler head 2, the catcher working tube 54 having a diameter larger than that of the sampler head 2 is joined to the working tube head 49, the cutting tube 36 sliding on the outside thereof, A bit 37 is mounted, and a saw blade-like catcher 55 is set downward between the catcher operating tube 54 and the bit, and the cutting tube is in contact with a slanting ring surface 56 on the inner side of the upper surface of the bit 37 and the cutting tube is a cutting tube head 48. The upper surface of the working tube head 49 is in contact with the lower surface of the cutting tube head 48.

  The top surface of the sampler head 2 is thicker than the cutting tube 36 with respect to the diameter of the rod 1 and has a length necessary for closing the catcher. The tip of the sampler head 2 has a perforated truncated cone shape and the tip has the same diameter as the rod diameter. A perforated truncated cone 52 for operating the catcher is attached to the rod 1 between the sampler head 2 and the operating tube head 49, and a pin hole for fixing the rotation and vertical movement of the catcher operating tube 54 and the cutting tube 36 at the upper end thereof. A pin removal hook 51 for removing the inserted pin is mounted.

  A pin is inserted into a pin hole for fixing the catcher operating tube 54 and the cutting tube 36 and integrated to set a pin removal hook, and the distance between the shoe at the tip of the penetrating tube 3 and the rotary cutting bit 37 is kept appropriate, and the digging tube Only 42 is rotated by a boring machine (not shown) and the mud is excavated, and the rod 1 is pressed into the ground at the same time while being prevented from rotating on the ground.

  When the predetermined length of sampling is completed, the vertical movement of the rod is fixed on the ground, and when the mud drilling is performed by applying pressure and rotational force only to the digging pipe 42, the joining pin hook descends the slope of the perforated truncated cone. When the inclined conical ring at the top of the bit 37 reaches the same level as the shoe 6, the fixing pin is pulled out, and at the same time, a spacer 53 made of a steel rod attached to the operating rod head 49 so that the operating rod head 49 does not penetrate. Passes through the working tube head 49 and hits the upper surface of the sampler head 2, and at the same time the rotation of the digging tube 42 is stopped and only the pressure input is applied, the vertical movement of the penetration tube 3 is fixed by the rod 1. Since the vertical movement cannot be performed and the working pipe descends due to the pressing pressure of the digging pipe 42, the saw blade catcher 55- is bent inward at the tip while penetrating into the ground below the shoe 6 and closed. It can be prevented from falling.

  In recent years, ground and foundation analysis has become more sophisticated, but natural risks such as liquefaction and landslide disasters have become enormous every time guerrilla heavy rains and earthquakes occur. Traditional ground survey methods have been unable to cope with such strong social demands. On the other hand, indoor element testing technology has made great strides, but has not been able to provide high-quality samples that can withstand it. Therefore, it is desired that the new method be reliably spread.

  The present invention is utilized in industries that manufacture and use ground sampling devices.

1: Rod, 2: Sampler head,
3: Penetration pipe, 4: Sample storage rod,
5: Annular flow path 6: Shu
7: Lubricant application tube, 8: Communication hole,
8: Communication hole, 10: Discharge pressure adjustment valve,
12: Injection valve, 13: Piston fixing wire,
14: piston, 15: cushion,
16: compression plate, 17: compression bolt and nut,
18: Lubricant storage space, 19: Lubricant passage,
21: Vertical slit, 22: Inclined slit,
23: elastic beam, 24: elastic tube,
25: Outer pipe, 26: Catcher and lubricant application pipe,
27: Outer mounting member, 28: Fixed rod,
29: Muddy water conduit, 30: Penetration piston,
31: High water pressure operation valve, 32: Stopper for penetration,
33: Stopper hole, 34: Piston for catcher operation,
35: Rotary cutting rod mounting member, 36: Cutting tube,
37: Rotary cutting bit, 38: Connecting rod support member,
39, 39A: Cutting device, 40: Connecting rod and lubricant conduit,
41: Fixed rod, 42: Drill pipe,
43: Core tube head, 44: Core tube,
45: Swivel, 46: Muddy water hose,
47: Handle, 48: Cutting tube head,
49: Actuating tube head, 50: Hori * descending device,
51: Unpinned hook, 52: Perforated truncated cone,
53: Spacer, 54: Catcher operating tube,
55: Saw blade catcher, 56: Inclined ring surface,
70: Sample catching device,
X, X1 to X7: Ground sampling device.

Claims (6)

In a ground sample collection device for collecting a ground sample in the sample storage tube by lowering the sample storage tube in the axial direction to the bottom of the borehole drilled in the ground, the ground sample collection device is attached to the tip of the rod It is inserted into the penetration rod so that a lubricant channel is formed between the sampler head, a penetration rod whose upper end is fixed or slidably mounted on the sampler head, and an inner wall surface of the penetration rod. A sample storage bowl that protects a sample collected by attaching or coating a material with low frictional resistance or a sheet with low frictional resistance to the inner wall surface, and a short bowl having the same inner diameter as the sample storage bowl at the lower end of the sample storage bowl The outer surface of the outer surface of the lubricant application rod having a slanted lubricant channel formed on a strip and the same diameter as or slightly smaller than the sample storage rod attached to the lower end of the penetration rod. A shoe for fixing the sample storage trough and the lubricant applicator in a state where an upper portion of the sample storage trough is in contact with the bottom surface of the sampler head, and a piston slidably mounted in the sample storage trough, The lubricant is supplied to the lubricant storage space of the sample storage rod between the piston and the sampler head, and the lubricant passage is discharged outward when a predetermined pressure is applied to the supplied lubricant, and the sample A ground sampling device comprising a communication hole for supplying the lubricant in the lubricant storage space formed in the upper part of the storage basket to the lubricant flow path. The sample storage trough is formed with at least one vertical slit at a portion other than the entire axial length or lower end of the sample storage trough, and the outer periphery thereof is supported by a plurality of elastic beams, or the vertical slit is taped. 2. A ground sampling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ground sampling apparatus is supported by a plurality of elastic tubes. The piston is fixed to a piston fixing rod that slides in the center of the sampler head, the upper end of the piston fixing rod is attached to the bottom surface, and the outer flange mounting member having the tip of the rod attached to the top surface, An outer casing whose upper end is fixed to the outer casing mounting member and accommodates an intruding casing other than the tip section therein, a penetrating piston provided in the outer casing between the outer casing mounting member and the sampler head, for this penetration A pressurized water supply path for supplying pressurized water to a pressurized water chamber between a piston and the outer casing mounting member, and a penetrating stopper provided in the penetrating piston that engages with a stopper hole formed in a portion near the lower portion of the outer casing. When the penetrating stopper engages with the stopper hole, pressurized water is caused to flow into the lower pressurized water chamber between the penetrating piston and the sampler head. A sample catching device for a sample storage rod comprising a high water pressure operating valve provided on the penetrating piston for moving the puller head downward and bending the tip of the lubricant application rod inward by the shoe. The ground sampling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ground sampling apparatus is characterized. A rotary cutting rod mounting member fixed to a connecting rod penetrating the center portion of the sampler head, having a fixed rod slidably mounted on the upper portion of the connecting rod, and having a rod tip attached thereto, A rotary cutting rod having an upper end fixed to the rotary cutting rod mounting member and a gap between the bit portion of the tip portion and the penetrating rod located on the outer peripheral portion of the shoe, and pressurized water supplied from the rod is supplied to the gap A penetrating rod comprising a pressurized water supply hole, a connecting rod support member capable of vertically moving the connecting rod attached to the bottom surface of the rotating cutting rod mounting member, and preventing the rotation of the rotating cutting rod mounting member from being transmitted The ground sampling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cutting device for the outer peripheral portion of the ground. The outer periphery of the rod on the sampler head side is covered with a moat supplied with pressurized water, the core tube head is fixed to the lower end of the moat, the upper end is fixed to the core tube head, and the lower end with a bit 2. The ground sampling device according to claim 1, wherein a cutting device for the outer peripheral portion of the penetrating rod is provided, the portion being located on the outer peripheral portion of the shoe and having a core tube having a gap between the shoe and the penetrating rod. A moat that is supplied with pressurized water to cover the outer periphery of the rod on the sampler head side and that is movable up and down, an operating rod head fixed to the lower end of the moat, an upper end fixed to the operating rod head, and a lower end Is located on the outer periphery of the shoe, is a catcher operating rod capable of catching a sample stored in a sample storing rod having a gap between the penetrating rod, and is fixed to a moat in the upper position of the operating rod head Cutting rod head, cutting rod whose upper end is fixed to the cutting rod head and whose inner side is provided with a bit having an inclined surface and whose lower end portion is located on the outer peripheral portion of the shoe. 2. A ground sample according to claim 1, further comprising a moat lowering device that moves the catcher operating rod downward and curves inward along the inner side surface of the bit at the tip of the catcher operating rod. Collection equipment .

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