JP2013002532A - Displacement suppressing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device capable of maintaining a function to suppress the displacement of an installation even when the acceleration of vibration is greater.SOLUTION: The displacement suppressing device 1 for suppressing the displacement of the installation 103 relative to a structure 101 includes a container 3 to be fixed to one of the structure 101 and the installation 103, a flexible string 5 to be fixed at one end side to the other of the structure 101 and the installation 103, a winding member 15 rotatably supported by the container 3, and capable of winding the string 5 at the other end side, a spring 17 for energizing the winding member 15 in the direction of winding the string 5, and a friction device 23 for imparting a friction resistance to the movement of the string 5 when pulled out of the winding member 15.

Description

  The present invention relates to a displacement suppressing device for suppressing displacement (horizontal direction, rotating direction, etc.) of an installation such as a fixture or equipment in an earthquake or the like.

  The Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake caused enormous damage in many places due to an unprecedented large-scale earthquake. The occurrence probability of Tokai earthquake, Tonankai and Nankai earthquakes is said to be 87% within the next 30 years. Therefore, measures against earthquakes are an urgent issue.

  Here, in direct earthquakes such as the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake, it was reported that 10% of the victims were overwhelmed by installations such as furniture. As a technique for preventing such movement / falling of an installation object, a technique for fixing the installation object to a structure with an L-shaped metal fitting is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-34824 A

  However, in the fixtures such as the brackets described above, when the seismic force (acceleration) is large, the fixture itself or a part to which the fixture of the installation or structure is attached is damaged, and the function of the fixture May be lost. For example, in the case of the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake or the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake, it is considered that a fixture that supports a load about 1 to 3 times the weight of the installation was necessary. It is difficult to produce a fixture or the like that can withstand such a large load.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can maintain a function of suppressing displacement even when the acceleration of vibration is large.

  A displacement suppression device according to one aspect of the present invention is a displacement suppression device that suppresses displacement of an installation object with respect to a structure, and the base body fixed to one of the structure and the installation object, the structure, and the installation A flexible long member whose one end is fixed to the other end of the object, a winding member rotatably supported by the base body and capable of winding the long member from the other end, and the long member A spring for urging the winding member in a winding direction, and a friction device for applying a frictional resistance to the movement of pulling out the long member from the winding member.

  Preferably, the friction device includes a rotating member that is rotatable by being transmitted with the rotation of the winding member, and is fixed to the base and is in contact with the rotating member and between the rotating member and the rotating member. A fixing member that generates a frictional resistance, and allows transmission of rotation of the winding member in the direction of pulling out the long member to the rotating member between the winding member and the rotating member. In addition, a one-way clutch that restricts transmission of rotation of the winding member in the direction of winding the long member to the rotating member is provided.

  Preferably, the frictional resistance generated by the friction device is greater than the restoring force of the spring at least in a state where the winding of the long member is completed.

  Preferably, the spring is a mainspring.

  A displacement suppression device according to an aspect of the present invention is a displacement suppression device that suppresses displacement of a seismic isolation object with respect to a support structure, and a base body fixed to one of the support structure and the seismic isolation object; A flexible long member whose one end is fixed to the other of the support structure and the seismic isolation object, and a rotatably supported member on the base, and the long member can be wound from the other end. A winding member, a spring that urges the winding member in a direction in which the long member is wound, and a friction device that applies a frictional resistance to a movement of pulling the long member from the winding member. Have.

  The displacement suppression apparatus of 1 aspect of this invention is a displacement suppression apparatus which suppresses the deformation | transformation of the said structure by suppressing the relative displacement of the 1st site | part of a structure, and a 2nd site | part, Comprising: A base to be fixed; a flexible long member whose one end is fixed to the second portion; and a winding member rotatably supported by the base and capable of winding the long member from the other end. A displacement having a member, a spring for urging the winding member in the winding direction of the long member, and a friction device for imparting a frictional resistance to the movement of pulling the long member from the winding member Suppression device.

  According to the present invention, the function of suppressing displacement can be maintained even when the acceleration of vibration is large.

The schematic diagram explaining the outline | summary of the displacement suppression apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2A is a front view showing the appearance of the displacement suppressing device, and FIG. 2B is a plan view showing the appearance of the displacement suppressing device. FIG. 3A is a front view of the displacement suppressing device including a cross section taken along line IIIa-IIIa in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is a cross sectional view taken along line IIIb-IIIb in FIG. . 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the displacement suppression device. The figure which shows the change of the load added to a displacement suppression apparatus in comparison with a comparative example. FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are diagrams showing a modification of the friction device. Fig.7 (a)-FIG.7 (c) are the schematic diagrams which show the modification of the attachment aspect of a displacement suppression apparatus. FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are diagrams showing simulation conditions and results assuming the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake. FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are other diagrams showing simulation results assuming the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake. FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are diagrams showing simulation conditions and results assuming the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake. FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B are other diagrams showing simulation results assuming the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake. FIG. 12A to FIG. 12C are diagrams showing simulation conditions and results assuming a Niigata Chuetsu earthquake. FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are other diagrams showing simulation results assuming the Niigata Chuetsu earthquake. The figure which shows the other application example of a displacement suppression apparatus. FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are diagrams showing still another application example of the displacement suppressing device.

  Drawing 1 (a)-Drawing 1 (d) are mimetic diagrams explaining an outline of displacement control device 1 concerning an embodiment of the present invention.

  In the example of FIG. 1A, for example, the displacement suppression device 1 has one end fixed to the structure 101 and the other end fixed to the installation object 103, and restricts the movement of the installation object 103 with respect to the structure 101. ing.

  The structure 101 is, for example, a building, a store, or a house. The installation object 103 is, for example, a fixture or a device. In addition, although a fixture may point out furniture etc., such as a bag, and a shelf etc. for goods display, it may be any. The device is, for example, a medical device or an office device.

  The installation object 103 is supported by the caster 104 and can move in the horizontal direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1C, when the structure 101 vibrates in the horizontal direction due to an earthquake or the like, the installation object 103 remains in place due to inertia, and the structure 101 Move horizontally. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1A, the displacement suppression device 1 regulates the movement of the installation object 103.

  In addition, although the displacement suppression apparatus 1 is attached to the appropriate position of the structure 101 and the installation object 103, Preferably, it is fixed to the structure 101 and the installation object 103 in the height equivalent to the gravity center of the installation object 103. FIG. In FIG. 1A, the displacement suppression device 1 is fixed to the wall of the structure 101.

  Further, in the example of FIG. 1B, the installation object 105 is not provided with the caster 104 and is supported so as not to move in the horizontal direction with respect to the structure 101. One end of the displacement suppression device 1 is fixed to the installation object 103 above the center of gravity of the installation object 105, and the other end is fixed to the wall of the structure 101.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (d), in such an installation object 105, when the structure 101 vibrates in the horizontal direction due to an earthquake or the like, the lower part of the installation object 105 is located together with the structure 101. Since it moves and the upper part remains in place due to inertia, a moment is generated to cause the installation object 105 to fall. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1B, the displacement suppression device 1 restricts the upward movement of the installation object 105, thereby preventing the installation object 105 from falling.

  FIG. 2A is a front view showing the appearance of the displacement suppression device 1, and FIG. 2B is a plan view showing the appearance of the displacement suppression device 1.

  The displacement suppression device 1 is generally a device such as a tape measure, and includes a container 3 and a string 5 that can be pulled out of the container 3 and wound into the container 3. The container 3 is provided with a connecting portion 7 connected to one of the structure 101 and the installation object 103 (or 105; hereinafter, 105 is omitted). At the tip of the string 5, a joint portion 9 that is fixed to the other of the structure 101 and the installation object 103 is provided.

  The shape of the container 3 may be set as appropriate, but in the present embodiment, a case where it is formed in a thin rectangular parallelepiped shape is illustrated. Further, the material of the container 3 may be appropriately selected, but it is preferably formed of a material having high strength such as metal or FRP.

  The string 5 is a long member having flexibility. The cross-sectional shape of the string 5 (the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction) may be set as appropriate. However, in the present embodiment, a case where the string 5 is formed in a flat rectangular shape is illustrated. The material and structure of the string 5 may be appropriately selected. However, it is preferable that the string 5 has a high strength and can sufficiently ensure flexibility. For example, the string 5 is made of a woven fabric made of metal fibers or a woven fabric made of high-strength resin fibers such as aramid fibers.

  The connecting portion 7 includes, for example, a flexible member 11 whose one end is fixed to the container 3 and a joint portion 13 provided at the other end of the flexible member 11.

  The flexible member 11 is a long member having flexibility. The cross-sectional shape, material / structure of the flexible member 11 may be set as appropriate. For example, the flexible member 11 may be configured by a piano wire, a wire rope, or a chain.

  The joint portions 13 and 9 may have an appropriate fixing structure. For example, the joint portions 13 and 9 may be attached by screws, bolts and nuts, may be attached by engagement of hook-like members, or may be bound by a string. It may be. Adhesion, a hook-and-loop fastener, or an adhesive material (mat) may be used.

  Fig.3 (a) is a front view of the displacement suppression apparatus 1 seen through the container 3 including the cross section in the IIIa-IIIa line | wire of FIG. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIb-IIIb in FIG. In each drawing, some members are schematically shown.

  Inside the container 3, a winding member 15 that winds up the string 5, a spring 17 that generates a biasing force that rotates the winding member 15 in the direction of winding the string 5, a fixed shaft 19 to which the spring 17 is coupled, A friction device 23 that transmits the rotation of the winding member 15 to generate frictional resistance and a clutch 21 that controls transmission of rotation from the winding member 15 to the friction device 23 are provided.

  The winding member 15 includes, for example, a cylindrical tube portion 15a around which the string 5 is wound, and a pair of disk-shaped flange portions 15b provided on the end surface. The winding member 15 is supported by the container 3 so as to be rotatable around the axis of the cylindrical portion 15a by a shaft support mechanism (not shown). The distance between the pair of flanges 15b is set to be slightly larger than the width of the string 5.

  The end of the string 5 opposite to the joint 9 is fixed to the cylinder 15a, and is wound around the cylinder 15a from the end. More specifically, the string 5 is wound so as to be laminated from the inside to the outside every turn.

  The spring 17 is schematically shown in FIG. 3, but is constituted by, for example, a mainspring (spiral spring). The mainspring may be a non-contact type, a contact type, an S-shape, a constant torque type, a constant load type, or a strip-shaped cross section perpendicular to the length direction. A material may be wound, or a wire material having a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the length direction, such as a circular shape, may be wound. The mainspring material is, for example, a metal such as high carbon steel or stainless steel.

  One end of the spring 17 is fixed to the container 3 via a fixed shaft 19, and the other end is fixed to the winding member 15. The spring 17 is deformed by a restoring force in a direction extending from the wound state, thereby rotating the winding member 15 and causing the winding member 15 to wind the string 5. For example, the spring 17 is sufficiently wound by the winding member 15 so that the string 5 can be completely wound. Note that the state in which the string 5 is completely wound is a state in which a member that functions as a stopper is engaged, for example, the joint 9 reaches the container 3 and engages.

  The clutch 21 includes an input-side rotating member 25, an output-side rotating member 27 to which the rotation of the input-side rotating member 25 is transmitted or blocked, and the input-side rotating member 25 and the output-side rotating member 27. And an intervening member 26 interposed.

  The input side rotation member 25 is configured as, for example, an inner ring of the clutch 21, is formed in a substantially annular shape, and is fixed to the winding member 15 so as to be rotatable integrally with the winding member 15.

  The interposition member 26 is configured to be able to enter and exit from the outer peripheral surface of the input side rotation member 25, and is biased to the outside of the input side rotation member 25 by a spring (not shown). The interposition member 26 is formed with a large inclination with respect to the circumferential direction on one side in the circumferential direction of the input side rotation member 25 and with a small inclination with respect to the circumferential direction on the other side.

  The output side rotation member 27 is configured as an outer ring of the clutch 21, for example, and is formed in an annular shape surrounding the outer periphery of the input side rotation member 25. A plurality of shear keys 27b that can engage with the plurality of interposition members 26 in the circumferential direction are formed on the inner peripheral surface.

  When the input side rotation member 25 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow A1 (FIG. 3B), the interposition member 26 engages with the shear key 27b, and the rotation of the input side rotation member 25 is transmitted to the output side rotation member 27. Is done. On the other hand, when the input side rotating member 25 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow A2, the force acting between the interposed member 26 and the shear key 27b is converted into a force for pushing the interposed member 26 into the input side rotating member 25 (FIG. 4). (See (b)), the clutch 21 is idling.

  The friction device 23 includes an output-side rotating member 27 and a fixing member 29 that is fixed to the container 3 and contacts the output-side rotating member 27. Accordingly, a frictional resistance is generated between the output side rotating member 27 and the fixed member 29 with respect to the rotation of the output side rotating member 27. In the present embodiment, the output side rotation member 27 is shared by the friction device 23 and the clutch 21.

  For example, the fixing member 29 is formed in an annular shape having an L-shaped cross section parallel to the rotation axis, and the inner peripheral tip surface is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the output-side rotating member 27. In the present embodiment, a concave groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the output side rotation member 27, and the inner peripheral end of the fixing member 29 is fitted in the concave groove. Thereby, the contact area of the output side rotation member 27 and the fixing member 29 is large.

  The output side rotation member 27 and the fixed member 29 may be made of, for example, a general material (for example, metal) as a material constituting the member. In this case, oil may be disposed between these members in order to set the friction coefficient to an appropriate value. The sliding surfaces of the output side rotation member 27 and the fixing member 29 may be configured by arranging appropriate members such as aramid fibers.

  Moreover, the output side rotation member 27 and the fixed member 29 may be made of a material used for a friction brake of an automobile or the like as a whole or a sliding surface. Such materials are, for example, semi-metallic materials, low steel materials, and NAO (Non-Asbestos Organic) materials.

  FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are cross-sectional views similar to FIG. 3B for explaining the operation of the displacement suppression device 1.

  When an earthquake or the like occurs and the structure 101 vibrates, the installation object 103 vibrates relative to the structure 101 as illustrated in FIG. 1A and FIG. More specifically, the installation object 103 tries to repeat movement in a direction away from the wall of the structure 101 and movement in a direction approaching the wall of the structure 101.

  When the installation object 103 moves away from the wall of the structure 101, the string 5 is pulled out from the container 3 as shown by an arrow H1 in FIG. As the string 5 is pulled out, the winding member 15 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow J1. Further, the input side rotation member 25 also rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow A1. At this time, the interposition member 26 engages with the shear key 27b, and the output side rotation member 27 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow B1. Then, the output side rotating member 27 and the fixed member 29 slide.

  Since the string 5 is pulled out and the movement of the installation object 103 is allowed, the displacement suppression device 1 (metal fitting) itself and the installation are compared with the case where the installation object 103 is fixed to the structure 101 with the metal fitting. The load applied to the part to which the displacement suppressing device 1 of the object 103 or the structure 101 is attached is reduced. Specifically, when the string 5 is pulled out, a resistance force mainly composed of a restoring force of the spring 17 and a friction force of the friction device 23 is applied to the string 5, and the resistance force is applied to the displacement suppressing device 1 or the like. The maximum value of.

  Further, when the string 5 is pulled out against the frictional force of the friction device 23, the vibration energy of the installation object 103 is consumed during the extraction, and the displacement of the installation object 103 is suppressed.

  On the other hand, when the installation object 103 approaches the wall of the structure 101, the tip of the string 5 approaches the container 3 as shown by an arrow H2 in FIG. At this time, the winding member 15 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow J <b> 2 by the urging force of the spring 17, and the string 5 is wound around the winding member 15. Further, the input side rotating member 25 also rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow A2 together with the winding member 15. At this time, the interposition member 26 is pushed into the input side rotating member member 25 by the shear key 27 b and does not transmit the rotation to the output side rotating member member 27. In other words, the input side rotating member member 25 and the winding member 15 fixed to the input side rotating member member 25 do not receive a resistance force from the friction device 23. Therefore, winding of the string 5 is performed promptly.

  Note that although the horizontal movement of the installation object 103 has been described as an example, the displacement suppression device 1 functions in the same manner for the rotational movement of the installation object 105 (FIGS. 1B and 1D).

  As understood from the above description, the resistance of the friction device 23 is not applied to the rotation of the winding member 15 in the winding direction due to the idling of the clutch 21, and the structure of the installation 103 The return of the 101 to the wall side is performed by the vibration of the installation object 103. Therefore, the spring 17 only needs to exert an urging force to the extent that the winding member 15 can be rotated so that the bending of the string 5 can be eliminated. However, it may be possible to exert more urging force.

  The frictional force of the friction device 23 may be an appropriate magnitude. Even if the frictional force is small, vibration energy is consumed and the displacement of the installation object 103 is still suppressed. On the contrary, even if the frictional force is large, the frictional force does not act on the winding of the string 5 by the winding member 15 by the clutch 21, so that the winding of the string 5 is not hindered.

  The restoring force of the spring 17 and the frictional force of the friction device 23 are preferably determined in consideration of the weight of the installation, external force, etc. so that the vibration of the assumed installation is suppressed most. It is preferably set by solving a motion equation of the vibration system or performing a simulation. Of course, in the process, the restoring force of the spring 17 and the friction force of the friction device 23 are set based on various weights and accelerations so that the displacement suppressing device 1 has versatility with respect to various installations and the like. May be.

  When the tension of the string 5 exceeds the restoring force of the spring 17 and the static frictional force of the friction device 23, the string 5 starts to be pulled out. In other words, the spring 17 and the friction device 23 prohibit the string 5 from being pulled out in vibrations with small acceleration. Therefore, the restoring force of the spring 17 and the friction force of the friction device 23 suppress the damage of the displacement suppression device 1 instead of allowing the movement of the installation object 103 to some extent and allowing the movement of the installation object 103 to some extent. You may set so that the boundary with a range may be set suitably.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a change in load applied to the displacement suppression device 1 in comparison with the comparative example.

  The comparative example assumes a fixture that completely fixes the installation object 103 to the wall of the structure 101 like a conventional L-shaped metal fitting. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis indicates the amount of movement D of the installation object 103 from the wall of the structure 101, and the vertical axis indicates the displacement suppression device 1 and the fixture of the comparative example, or the displacement suppression of the structure 101 and the installation object 103. A load F applied to a portion to which the device 1 or the like is fixed is shown.

  As indicated by the solid line L1, in the case of the comparative example, the load F increases rapidly only when the installation object 103 is slightly moved from the wall of the structure 101. When the seismic force is large, the fixing tool or the like is broken. As a result, the load F decreases rapidly, in other words, the force that restricts the movement of the installation object 103 is not exhibited, and the movement amount D from the wall increases.

  On the other hand, as shown by the solid line L2, in the embodiment, when the installation object 103 moves from the wall of the structure 101, the load F increases rapidly at the beginning. However, when the load F exceeds a resistance force mainly composed of the restoring force of the spring 17 and the static friction force of the friction device 23, the string 5 is pulled out of the container 3 and the load F is allowed instead of being allowed to move. The increase is moderated. During this movement, as described above, vibration energy is consumed by the frictional resistance. And if the moving direction of the installation thing 103 reverses after the half cycle of a vibration passes, the load F will fall rapidly. As described above, the operations and effects of the above-described embodiment also appear in the graph showing the relationship between the load and the displacement.

  Fig.6 (a) is a front view similar to Fig.3 (a) which shows the modification of a friction apparatus, FIG.6 (b) is sectional drawing in the VIb-VIb line | wire of Fig.6 (a).

  The friction device 223 of the displacement suppression device 201 is configured by laminating an output-side rotating member 227, one or a plurality of plate members 228, and a fixing member 229. These members are compressed in the stacking direction by an appropriate member such as a bolt, and the friction coefficient between the members is appropriately set by arranging oil between them. The plate member 228 is rotated by a differential force between the frictional force received from the output-side rotating member 227 side and the frictional force received from the fixed member 229 side.

  Fig.7 (a)-FIG.7 (c) are schematic diagrams which show the modification of the attachment aspect of the displacement suppression apparatus 1 (or 201. Hereafter, 201 is abbreviate | omitted).

  In the mounting example of FIG. 7A, the displacement suppressing device 1 has the end on the structure 101 side fixed to the corner between the wall and the ceiling of the structure 101 via the installation tool 107. . Thus, the displacement suppression device 1 is not limited to being fixed to the wall, and may be fixed to the structure 101 via another member.

  In the attachment example of FIG. 7B, the displacement suppressing device 1 has the string 5 fixed to the corners of the wall and the floor of the structure 101 via the installation tool 107. Here, the string 5 is bent by being brought into contact with the corner of the installation object 103, and a tension in the horizontal direction can be applied to the installation object 103. It is under tension in the vertical direction.

  In this way, the displacement suppression device 1 receives the string 5 from an arbitrary position of the structure 103 by appropriately bending and pulling the string 5 by a part of the installation object 103 or the structure 101 or a member fixed thereto. Tension can be applied in any direction of the installation object 103. That is, the displacement suppression device 1 also has an effect that the degree of freedom of attachment is extremely high.

  FIG. 7C is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the installation tool 107. The installation tool 107 is configured to include a telescopic rod, and both ends of the rod are connected to a floor or a wall so as to be movable while receiving a frictional force.

(Verification of effect)
Based on the actual ground motion, a simulation was performed on the behavior of the installation object 103 and the displacement suppression device 1 to verify the effect of the displacement suppression device 1. As the actual ground motion, the ground motions of the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake, the Tohoku Earthquake, and the Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake were assumed.

(Example of the Hyogoken Nanbu Earthquake)
In this example, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (c), the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake occurred when the horizontal movement of the installation object 103 with casters was restricted by the displacement suppression device 1. The behavior of the installation object 103 and the displacement suppression device 1 was calculated.

  FIG. 8A is a diagram showing the secular change of the seismic motion, which is a simulation condition, in which the horizontal axis indicates time and the vertical axis indicates acceleration.

  FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating a simulation result, where the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the amount of movement of the installation object 103 from the wall. A solid line L5 indicates the amount of movement when the countermeasure of the present embodiment is taken (the movement of the installation object 103 is restricted by the displacement suppressing apparatus 1), and a dotted line L6 indicates that there is no countermeasure (the displacement suppressing apparatus 1 is also fixed in the past). The amount of movement is shown when the tool is not used.

  As shown in this figure, the displacement suppression device 1 effectively suppresses the movement of the installation object 103. For example, the maximum value of the movement amount when no countermeasure is taken is about 1.2 m, whereas the maximum value of the movement amount when the countermeasure of the present embodiment is taken is about 0.2 m, which causes human damage. The movement of the installation object 103 that occurs is effectively suppressed.

  FIG. 9A is another diagram showing a simulation result, where the horizontal axis indicates the amount of movement from the wall of the installation 103 whose horizontal movement is restricted by the displacement suppression device 1, and the vertical axis indicates the friction device 23. The value obtained by normalizing the frictional force (F) generated by dividing by the dead weight (mg) of the installation object 103 is shown. The amount of movement and the frictional force change in the direction indicated by the arrow along the solid line L7 with the passage of time.

  In FIG. 9A, a change similar to FIG. 5 can be read. That is, when an earthquake occurs and a movement away from the wall of the installation object 103 is started (a movement amount is near 0), the frictional force rapidly increases. Next, the increase in the frictional force reaches a peak, and the amount of movement of the installation object 103 from the wall increases. When the installation object 103 starts to move toward the wall after a half period of vibration has passed, the frictional force disappears, and thereafter the movement amount of the installation object 103 from the wall decreases. This change is repeated.

  The area of the region surrounded by the solid line L3 drawn by such a change corresponds to the vibration energy consumed by the friction device 23. Since the solid line L3 is generally rectangular, it is understood that the energy consumption (area) is effectively increased with respect to the movement amount (horizontal axis) and the frictional force (vertical axis).

  FIG. 9B is still another diagram showing the simulation result. The horizontal axis indicates the speed of the installation 103 whose displacement is restricted by the displacement suppression device 1, and the vertical axis indicates the vertical axis in FIG. 9A. Similarly, the friction force generated by the friction device 23 is divided by the weight of the installation object 103 and normalized.

  The frictional force is 0 when the installation object 103 approaches the wall (when the speed is negative), and when the installation object 103 moves away from the wall (when the speed is positive), the speed of the installation object is low. It is big. Therefore, it was confirmed that when the installation object 103 approaches the wall, the string 5 is quickly wound, and when the installation object 103 moves away from the wall, a resistance force can be applied quickly.

(Example of Tohoku Pacific Ocean Earthquake)
In this example, as in the case of the above-mentioned Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake, the installation when the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake occurs when the horizontal movement of the installation object 103 with casters is restricted by the displacement suppression device 1 The behavior of the object 103 and the displacement suppression device 1 was calculated.

  FIGS. 10A to 11B correspond to FIGS. 8A to 9B described above, respectively. In FIG. 10B, the solid line L11 and the dotted line L12 correspond to the case where the countermeasure of the present embodiment is taken and the case where no countermeasure is taken, similarly to the solid lines L5 and L6 of FIG. 8B.

  Also in these drawings, the movement amount of the installation object 103 is effectively suppressed (FIG. 10B), the vibration energy is effectively consumed (FIG. 11A), and the frictional force. It can be read that ON / OFF is suitably performed (FIG. 11B).

(Example of Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake)
In this example, as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (d), the Niigata Chuetsu earthquake occurs when the displacement displacement (moving over) of the installation object 105 is restricted by the displacement suppression device 1. The behavior of the installation object 105 and the displacement suppression device 1 when it occurred was calculated.

  FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are diagrams showing secular changes that are simulation conditions. In FIG. 12A, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents acceleration. In FIG. 12B, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates angular acceleration.

  FIG. 12C is a diagram showing a simulation result, in which the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the rotation amount of the installation object 105 from the normal position. A solid line L21 indicates a rotation amount when the countermeasure of the present embodiment is performed (the movement of the installation object 105 is restricted by the displacement suppression device 1), and a dotted line L22 indicates a case where the clutch 21 is eliminated from the displacement suppression device 1. The amount of rotation is shown, and the dotted line L23 shows the amount of rotation when no countermeasure is taken (the displacement suppression device 1 and the conventional fixture are not used).

  In the case where the clutch 21 is eliminated from the displacement suppressing device 1, it is assumed that the friction resistance of the friction device 23 is greater than the restoring force of the spring 17. In other words, the string 5 once drawn is not automatically wound around the winding member 15.

  As indicated by the dotted line L23, in the case of no countermeasure, the amount of rotation of the installation object 105 increases rapidly and increases without limit within the range of FIG. This means that the installation object 105 has fallen.

  As indicated by the dotted line L22, when the clutch 21 is removed from the displacement suppressing device 1, the string 5 is not unwound, while the function of suppressing the rotation of the installation object 105 against the initial vibration is achieved. Since the function of suppressing the vibration of 105 is lost, the installation object 105 falls over in a similar manner to the case of no countermeasure after a little delay in the case of no countermeasure.

  On the other hand, as indicated by a dotted line L21, when the countermeasure of the present embodiment is performed, the rotation of the installation object 105 is continuously suppressed, and as a result, the overturn is prevented. Thus, it was confirmed that the installation object 105 can be prevented from overturning compared to the case where the displacement suppressing device 1 has no countermeasure.

  FIG. 13A shows a simulation result and corresponds to FIG. 9A already described. However, the horizontal axis indicates the amount of rotation of the installation object 105, and the vertical axis indicates the friction moment generated by the friction device 23. The frictional moment is shown normalized by dividing by the product of the moment of inertia of the installation at the fulcrum position and the gravitational acceleration.

  A solid line L25 indicates a case where the countermeasure of the present embodiment is taken, and a dotted line L26 indicates a case where the clutch 21 is not provided in the displacement suppressing device 1. The amount of rotation and the friction moment change in the direction indicated by the arrow along the solid line L25 or the dotted line L26 with the passage of time.

  In the solid line L25, changes similar to those shown in FIGS. 5 and 9A can be read. That is, the solid line L25 extends so as to repeatedly draw a rectangle starting from the origin (rotation amount 0, friction moment 0). Note that the area of the region surrounded by the solid line L25 corresponds to the consumed energy, as in FIG.

  On the other hand, since the string 5 is not rewound on the dotted line L26, the starting point of the second and subsequent rectangles (the point at which the friction moment starts increasing) is the lower right end of the previous rectangle (the friction moment decreases to 0 It has become). That is, a frictional moment is generated when the amount of rotation of the installation object 105 reaches the amount of rotation that has occurred previously. As a result, the amount of rotation increases while energy consumption is not sufficient.

  Thus, it was confirmed that the clutch 21 can repeatedly consume energy while suppressing the rotation amount.

  FIG. 13B is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9B and the like already described, showing the simulation result. Also in this figure, it can be seen that the ON / OFF of the friction moment is suitably performed.

  In the above embodiment, the container 3 is an example of the substrate of the present invention, and the string 5 is an example of the long member of the present invention.

(Other application examples of displacement suppression devices)
FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another application example of the displacement suppression device 1.

  In FIG. 14, the displacement suppression device 1 is used as a device that suppresses excessive displacement of the seismic isolation device 505. Specifically, the seismic isolation device 505 supports the seismic isolation object 503 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction with respect to the support structure 501, and the displacement suppression device 1 has a support structure at one end (joining portion 9 or 13). The other end is fixed to the seismic isolation object 503.

  The seismic isolation device 505 may be configured by an appropriate seismic isolation bearing such as a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing. FIG. 14 illustrates a rolling bearing. The support structure 501 and the seismic isolation object 503 are, for example, a structure such as a house and a fixture supported by the structure. Further, for example, the support structure 501 and the seismic isolation object 503 are structures such as a base part of a structure and a house supported by the base part.

  The seismic isolation device 505 suppresses the vibration of the support structure 101 from being transmitted to the seismic isolation object 503 in an earthquake or the like. However, when a long-period earthquake occurs, the relative displacement of the seismic isolation object 503 with respect to the support structure 101 increases. As a result, for example, a state undesirable for preventing damage to the seismic isolation object 503 may occur.

  On the other hand, as described above, the displacement suppression device 1 causes frictional resistance to act on the movement of the string 5 being drawn and consumes vibration energy. Therefore, an excessive displacement of the seismic isolation object 503 is suppressed. Since the seismic isolation object 503 is allowed to move with respect to the support structure 501, in this application example, the displacement suppression device 1 is used in place of a fixture such as an L-shaped bracket. However, it is newly added to the seismic isolation device 505.

  FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are schematic cross-sectional views showing still another application example of the displacement suppression device 1.

  In FIG. 15, the displacement suppression device 1 is used as a device that improves the earthquake resistance of a structure 601. Specifically, the displacement suppression device 1 is installed so as to be bridged between the first part 601a and the second part 602b of the structure 601 and suppresses the relative displacement of these parts, thereby suppressing the structure 601. Suppress deformation.

  The structure 601 is, for example, a house or a building. The structure of the structure 601 may have an appropriate configuration such as a frame structure or a wall structure. The planar shape of the structure 601 may be an appropriate shape. It is preferable that the first part 601a and the second part 601b are parts where relative displacement is likely to occur as the structure portion 601 is deformed.

  In FIG. 15, the case where the displacement suppression apparatus 1 is arrange | positioned on the diagonal of the rectangle of frame structure is illustrated. The diagonal line may be a horizontal frame diagonal line (rectangular diagonal line parallel to the horizontal plane), a vertical frame diagonal line (rectangular diagonal line parallel to the wall surface, etc.), or a solid frame diagonal line. (A diagonal line passing through the interior of the rectangular parallelepiped) may be used.

  When a strong seismic force is applied as shown by an arrow y1 in FIG. 15A, the rectangular structure 601 is deformed into a rhombus as shown by an arrow y2 in FIG. 15B. At this time, as indicated by an arrow y3, the diagonal line of the structure 601 extends, and the string 5 is pulled out accordingly. Therefore, the displacement suppression device 1 allows deformation of the structure 601 and suppresses an excessive load from being applied to the displacement suppression device 1 or the like, while consuming deformation energy due to frictional resistance, thereby deforming the structure 601. Can be suppressed.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be implemented in various aspects.

  A one-way clutch may not be provided. Even in this case, the long member (string) can be wound up if the biasing force of the spring that biases the winding member in the winding direction is larger than the frictional force of the friction device.

  However, from the viewpoint of avoiding an unexpected increase in vibration due to resonance, the frictional force is preferably larger than the biasing force of the spring. In other words, the effect of the one-way clutch becomes significant when the frictional force is larger than the biasing force of the spring. Note that the biasing force of the spring increases as the long member is pulled out depending on the configuration. The frictional force is preferably larger than the urging force until the long member is completely pulled out, but may be larger than the urging force at least when the winding is completed.

  The one-way clutch may be a widely used one such as a sprag type or a roller type. The one-way clutch may be in a connected state in one direction of rotation and in a half-clutch state in the other direction of rotation.

  The base body that pivotally supports the winding member is not limited to the container, and may be a frame structure, for example. In other words, the long member (string) may be exposed to the outside in a state where the winding is completed.

  The long member is not limited to a flat member laminated for each turn. The cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction may be circular and randomly wound. Moreover, a long member is not limited to the woven fabric which can be formed flat, A piano wire, a wire rope, or a chain may be sufficient.

  In the embodiment, the fixing member including the flexible member 11 is illustrated as a configuration for fixing the base body (container 3) to a structure or an installation, but the fixing member may have other configurations. For example, the fixing member may be such that the base is fixed so as not to be movable relative to the structure or the like, or the base is fixed so that the orientation of the base can be changed by a universal joint instead of the flexible member. It may be.

It should be noted that from the present embodiment, the following inventions that are more conceptualized can be extracted.
(Invention 1)
A displacement suppression device that suppresses displacement of an installation relative to a structure,
A base fixed to one of the structure and the installation;
A flexible long member whose one end is fixed to the other of the structure and the installation;
A winding member supported rotatably on the base body and capable of winding the long member from the other end side;
A drive unit for rotating the winding member in a direction for winding the long member;
Displacement suppressing device.

  In said invention 1, a drive part is not limited to a spring, For example, a motor and a counterweight may be sufficient. Also, there may be included a mode in which there is no friction device and the drawer is restricted by the restoring force of the spring, and instead of the friction device, another damping device (for example, a device using a viscous resistance of a viscous fluid, a hook-and-loop fastener) A device using the peeling resistance of the above, or a device using the resistance caused by forming a vacuum when the piston is pulled out from the cylinder may be used.

(Invention 2)
A displacement suppression device that suppresses displacement of an installation relative to a structure,
A base fixed to one of the structure and the installation;
A flexible long member whose one end is fixed to the other of the structure and the installation;
A winding member supported rotatably on the base body and capable of winding the long member from the other end side;
A damping device for imparting damping resistance to the movement of pulling out the long member from the winding member;
Displacement suppressing device.

  In the above-described invention 2, there may be included a mode in which there is no spring and the frictional force is applied only by pulling out the tape measure once, or a motor or a counterweight may be used instead of the spring. Further, the damping device is not limited to a friction device. For example, a device using the viscous resistance of a viscous fluid, a device using a peeling resistance of a hook-and-loop fastener, or a vacuum is formed when a piston is pulled out from a cylinder. A device using resistance may be used.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Displacement suppression apparatus, 3 ... Container (base | substrate), 5 ... String (elongate member), 15 ... Winding member, 17 ... Spring, 23 ... Friction apparatus, 101 ... Structure, 103 ... Installation object.

Claims (6)

A displacement suppression device that suppresses displacement of an installation relative to a structure,
A base fixed to one of the structure and the installation;
A flexible long member whose one end is fixed to the other of the structure and the installation;
A winding member supported rotatably on the base body and capable of winding the long member from the other end side;
A spring for biasing the winding member in a direction of winding the long member;
A friction device that imparts frictional resistance to the movement of pulling out the long member from the winding member;
Displacement suppressing device. The friction device is
A rotating member that is rotatable by being transmitted with rotation of the winding member;
A fixed member that is fixed to the base body and abuts against the rotating member to generate a frictional resistance with the rotating member;
Have
Between the winding member and the rotating member, transmission of rotation of the winding member in the direction of pulling out the long member to the rotating member is allowed and the long member of the winding member is The displacement suppression device according to claim 1, wherein a one-way clutch that restricts transmission of rotation in the winding direction to the rotating member is provided. The displacement suppression device according to claim 2, wherein a frictional resistance generated by the friction device is larger than a restoring force of the spring at least in a state where the winding of the long member is completed. The displacement suppression device according to claim 1, wherein the spring is a mainspring. A displacement suppression device that suppresses the displacement of the seismic isolation object relative to the support structure,
A base fixed to one of the support structure and the seismic isolation object;
A flexible long member whose one end is fixed to the other of the support structure and the seismic isolation object;
A winding member supported rotatably on the base body and capable of winding the long member from the other end side;
A spring for biasing the winding member in a direction of winding the long member;
A friction device that imparts frictional resistance to the movement of pulling out the long member from the winding member;
Displacement suppressing device. A displacement suppression device that suppresses deformation of the structure by suppressing relative displacement between the first part and the second part of the structure,
A base fixed to the first portion;
A flexible long member whose one end is fixed to the second part;
A winding member supported rotatably on the base body and capable of winding the long member from the other end side;
A spring for biasing the winding member in a direction of winding the long member;
A friction device that imparts frictional resistance to the movement of pulling out the long member from the winding member;
Displacement suppressing device.

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