JP2013002401A - Device for converting hydraulic power into electric power - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for converting water energy into electric power, by causing a flutter phenomenon normally considered to be caused in an object in a flow of air, in a flow of water.SOLUTION: In a device constitution for causing the flutter phenomenon in the blade soaked in the flow of water, extracting reciprocating translation of moving so as to cross a flow out of vibration of a blade for constituting the flutter phenomenon, and converting the reciprocating translation into the electric power, when generating the electric power by being arranged in a waterway, for effectively using a waterway width, a plurality of blades are arranged, but a shielding plate 10 is arranged between the mutual adjacent blades 1 and 2 of vibrating in the same phase, so that power generation performance is improved by a simple constitution.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for causing flutter phenomenon, which is normally considered to occur in an object in an air flow, to occur in the water flow and converting the energy of the water into electric power. .

  Power generation by windmills aimed at energy conservation and global warming suppression is widespread in various parts of the world, and there are many places where it is part of the landscape, so it is extremely common and is expected to increase in the future. However, in Japan, there is a problem that there are few places and frequencies where a wind of 10 to 15 m / s, which is a general design wind speed, blows. Furthermore, since the power generation amount is proportional to the third power of the wind speed, there is a problem in that the power generation amount drops sharply as the wind speed decreases.

  In addition, attempts have been made to provide a hollow air collecting cylinder that contracts or expands along the direction of the wind in order to reduce the wind flow and increase the wind speed locally so that power can be generated even at low speeds. Is not as large as expected, and if it is a small scale, it will be difficult to install the cylinder. Although the blades are lengthened in order to increase the power generation amount per unit, there is also a problem that the peripheral speed increases and the noise increases as the power is increased.

  On the other hand, there have been some attempts to obtain electric power by effectively utilizing the flutter phenomenon, which is destructive self-excited vibration that occurs in aircraft wings, suspension bridges, and the like. In the case of this method, there is an advantage that the energy of wind can be effectively used and the power generation efficiency is increased by arranging the rectangular blades in a row as compared with the radial blades of the windmill.

  The movement of the blade due to the flutter phenomenon is (1) pitching motion (reciprocating rotational motion) in which the angle of attack of the blade changes plus or minus (2) superposition of reciprocating translational motion in which the blade moves across the flow. The movements of (1) and (2) are almost 90 degrees out of phase, and as a result, the wings move like a fish that twists and swims. Power generation is performed using the movement (2) of the above movements.

Hydro turbines that use hydropower, that is, kinetic energy of water, have a long history, and hydropower, which generates electricity by converting the energy of the water stored by dams into kinetic energy, has become popular throughout the world. As is well known.
In particular, in Japan, there are many small and medium-sized rivers with relatively high flow speeds, so there are strong expectations for small- and medium-scale hydropower utilization that directly uses water flow (kinetic energy), especially power generation.
However, the flutter phenomenon caused by the flow of water did not occur as a natural phenomenon, or because the negative image about the flutter phenomenon was strong, it was effective even though it was advantageous compared to air. I haven't seen any idea to use it for today.

  In order to cause the flutter phenomenon caused by water, the mass of the blade is theoretically required to be about 10 times or more the virtual mass of the fluid to which the blade is exposed (the mass of a cylinder whose diameter is a chord). Therefore, it is clear that hydroelectric power generation using water flow cannot be realized as it is, and a mechanism for increasing the mass by some means is necessary.

Therefore, the inventor converts the energy of water into electric power, characterized in that the mass addition necessary for causing the flutter phenomenon on the wing to occur in the flow of water is performed by the rotational inertia moment of the rotating body including the disk. A method and apparatus are provided. (For example, patent document 1).
The method is to generate flutter phenomenon on a blade immersed in a flow of water, and to extract the reciprocating translational motion that moves across the flow from the vibration of the blade that constitutes the flutter phenomenon, and convert it into electric power. In addition, the mass addition of a value necessary for causing the flutter phenomenon is performed by converting the reciprocating translational motion into the reciprocating rotational motion of the rotating body and using the rotational moment of inertia.

JP 2010-96077 A

  In the method proposed by the inventor, it is possible to generate an effective electric power in an experiment using a single blade. However, when power is generated by installing in an actual water channel, a plurality of wings are arranged in order to effectively use the water channel width. The present invention provides an optimum apparatus configuration for forming the cascade.

In order to increase the power generation amount, it is conceivable to reduce the interval between adjacent blades and increase the number of blades. At this time, if adjacent blades vibrate in the same phase, the power generation performance is significantly lower than that of a single blade when the blade interval is narrow.
On the contrary, the inventors verified through experiments that the power generation performance is greatly improved when the blade interval is narrow when oscillating in the opposite phase.

  The cascades that vibrate in the same phase are simple in mechanism, but the cascades in opposite phases are complicated by double mechanisms. In the present invention, by providing a shielding plate between adjacent blades, the performance of the blades in the same phase with a simple mechanism is improved to the same level as the opposite phase.

  Further, as a means for improving the amount of power generation by making the flow rate of water flowing into the blade faster than the flow rate of the water channel, a configuration is also provided in which rectifying plates with collars are arranged on both sides of the blade.

The blade rows that vibrate in the opposite phase have good power generation performance, but the device configuration becomes complicated and impractical, but according to the present invention in which a shielding plate is arranged between the blades, flutter vibration occurs in the same phase with which the device configuration is easy Even in the cascade, power generation efficiency equivalent to that of the antiphase can be obtained.
In addition, the flow rate of water flowing into the wing can be made faster than the flow rate of the water channel by arranging the flow straightening plates with ribs on both sides of the wing, so that the power generation performance can be dramatically improved and the flow rate can be lowered. Can be applied.

It is a perspective view which shows the connection of a wing | blade and a shielding board which is the 1st Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the attachment structure of the baffle with a rib which is the 2nd Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the operation | movement process of a wing | blade at the time of installing a shielding board between the wing | blades which is this invention. It is an experimental result showing the power generation efficiency for demonstrating this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the operation | movement process of the wing | blade which reciprocates by an antiphase. It is a schematic diagram which shows the operation | movement process of the wing | blade which reciprocates by the same phase.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show an example of a state in which the reciprocating rotational motion (vibration) and the reciprocating translational motion of a plurality of blades constituting the flutter phenomenon are overlapped.
FIG. 6 shows an example in which two wings 1 and 2 arranged are moving (vibrating) in the same phase.
Figure (a) is a neutral position, Figure (b) is translated in the direction of arrow a while rotating in the direction of arrow A, and Figure (c) is translated in the direction of arrow b while rotating in the direction of arrow B. Indicates the situation. The symbols + and − shown in the figure indicate the magnitude of the pressure on the blade surface at this time. In this way, when the blades 1 and 2 vibrate in the same phase, the pressures on the faces of the adjacent blades facing each other work in directions that cancel each other out with + and-, so the lift is reduced and the power generation performance is reduced.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows an example in which the two blades 1 and 2 arranged are moving in opposite phases. Fig. (A) shows the neutral position, Fig. (B) shows that the blade 1 rotates in the direction of arrow A and translates in the direction of arrow a, and the blade 2 rotates in the direction of arrow B and translates in the direction of arrow b. ) Shows a situation where the blade 1 rotates in the direction of arrow B and translates in the direction of arrow b, and the blade 2 rotates in the direction of arrow A and translates in the direction of arrow a, and vibrates in mutually opposite phases. As in FIG. 6, + and-indicate the pressure on the blade surface at this time.
When the blades 1 and 2 vibrate in opposite phases in this way, the pressure on the facing surfaces of adjacent blades works in the direction of emphasizing with + and + or-and-, so the lift increases and the power generation performance improves. To do.

FIG. 4 shows the result of verifying the power generation performance between the blade motion and the blade space. The horizontal axis WG indicates the ratio obtained by dividing the blade interval by the chord length, and the vertical axis EP indicates the power generation performance ratio.
Here, the black circle mark A0 is the power generation performance ratio when the blades 1 and 2 are moved (vibrated) in the same phase as described in FIG. 6, and the white circle B0 is the blades 1 and 2 as described in FIG. It is the power generation performance ratio when moving (vibrating) in the opposite phase.
From this result, it can be seen that the power generation performance is greatly improved by narrowing the blade interval and vibrating the blades in opposite phases.

  When moving in the opposite phase shown in FIG. 5, the center line shown in FIG. 5 is a plane of symmetry of the flow with respect to the blades 1 and 2, and the flow across the plane does not theoretically occur. This means that even if a shielding plate with a smooth surface is placed on this plane of symmetry, the flow will not be affected. When moving in antiphase, a shielding plate was installed between adjacent blades. The performance at the time can be said to be equivalent to the performance without the shielding plate.

FIG. 3 shows a configuration in which the shielding plate 10 of the present invention is installed between the blades 1 and 2 moving in the same phase shown in FIG. Figure (a) is a neutral position, Figure (b) is translated in the direction of arrow a while rotating in the direction of arrow A, and Figure (c) is translated in the direction of arrow b while rotating in the direction of arrow B. Indicates the situation.
By providing the shielding plate 10 between adjacent wings, the influence of the adjacent wings can be eliminated. In other words, the effect of the adjacent blades canceling the pressure on the blade surface, reducing the lift and reducing the power generation performance is blocked by the shielding plate. At the same time, as described in paragraph [0020], the performance with the shielding plate is equivalent to the performance without the shielding plate when moving in the opposite phase.
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the performance of a cascade having the same phase with a simple mechanism at the same level as the opposite phase.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. 50 is a power generator of the present invention, and is installed with a shielding plate 10 attached to a fixed frame 8 fixed against a flow between blades 1 and 2 that reciprocate and reciprocate translationally (oscillate) in the same phase. It is. 30 is a pitching motor for reciprocally rotating the blades 1 and 2, and 12 is a motor mount. The gantry 12 is fixed to a swing frame 6, and the swing frame 6 is suspended by a suspension rod 5 from a fixed frame 8 that is fixed to the flow, and can be translated approximately in the horizontal direction. It is configured as follows. An intermediate portion of the suspension rod 5 is elastically supported from the fixed frame 8 by a coil spring 15. The position at which the coil spring 15 is attached to the suspension rod 5 can be slid up and down by the slide mechanism 19, and the natural frequency of translational motion can be adjusted. When the blades 1 and 2 of the power generator 50 are placed in flowing water, and the pitching motor 30 gives a pitching motion with a predetermined amplitude and frequency to the blades 1 and 2, the blades 1 and 2 and the blades 1 and 2 are supported. The swinging frame 6 that is in motion causes translational vibration (flutter vibration) due to the flow.

  A ball screw nut portion 9 is attached to the swing frame 6 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. A bearing portion of the ball screw 11 and the generator 20 which are engaged with the ball screw nut portion 9 are attached to the fixed frame 8. The translational vibrations of the blades 1 and 2 and the swing frame 6 are smoothly converted into the reciprocating rotational motion of the ball screw 11 via the ball screw nut portion 9 and further converted into electric power by the generator 20.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the flow rate of water flowing into the wing is made faster than the flow rate of the water channel to improve the amount of power generation, and a flow regulating plate with a collar is arranged on both sides of the wing.
In the power generation device 50, the device supported by the fixed frame 8 is not shown in the underwater frame 60, but the blades 1 and 2, the shielding plate 10 and the pitching motor 30 that move (vibrate) in the same phase shown in FIG. A generator 20 and the like are arranged.

  Here, the direction of water flow is the direction of the arrow shown in the figure. The flow regulating plate 40 with a collar of the present invention has an inlet 41 provided with an inclination angle of 5 to 20 degrees for taking water into the wing part, and an inclination of 5 to 20 degrees in the opposite direction to the inclination angle of the inlet. It is comprised from the baffle plate 42 which provided the angle | corner, and the collar 43 orthogonal to a water flow. The rectifying plate 40 is fixed to the ground of the water channel by a support 45. Here, 55 is a support for fixing the device mount 8 to the ground.

  In this way, the flow rate of water flowing into the wings is about 1.2 to 1.4 times faster than the flow rate of the water channel, and the power generation amount can be improved to 2 to 3 times with the flow straightening plate 40 fixed to the ground of the water channel. it can.

1 wing 1
2 Wings 2
5 Suspension rod 6 Oscillating frame 8 Fixed frame 9 Nut portion 10 Shield plate 11 Ball screw 12 Motor mount 19 Slide mechanism 20 Generator 30 Motor 40 Rectifier plate 41 with collar Inlet port 42 Rectifier plate 43 collar 44 Rectifier plate fixed mount 45 with collar Rectifier plate fixed base 50 Power generation device 55 Prop 60 Underwater base

Claims (3)

  In the device configuration that causes flutter phenomenon to occur in the blade immersed in the flow of water, extracts the reciprocating translational motion that moves across the flow from the vibration of the blade that constitutes the flutter phenomenon, and converts it to electric power A device for converting water energy into electric power, characterized in that a shielding plate is provided between each of the arranged wings.   The apparatus for converting energy of water into electric power according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of blades arranged to reciprocate in the same phase.   In the device configuration that causes flutter phenomenon to occur in the blade immersed in the flow of water, extracts the reciprocating translational motion that moves across the flow from the vibration of the blade that constitutes the flutter phenomenon, and converts it to electric power A device for converting the energy of water into electric power, characterized in that a rectifying plate with a collar is provided between arranged wings.

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