JP2012503725A - A device that adjusts the amount of water used to harden dust - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes means for supplying flushing air to the excavation hole (11, 9, 22), means for separating generated dust from the flushing air (5 to 8), and supplying liquid to the rock generated during excavation. The present invention relates to a device for solidifying dust in rock drilling using a drilling device including means for solidifying rock powder (4-17, 19-21). The apparatus includes at least one actuating part (17, 19) for adjusting the amount of liquid supplied to the rock powder, the actuating part (17, 19) comprising a plurality of on / off parallel valves, Various liquid flow rates are achieved by switching and opening one or more valves simultaneously at a time.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

Background of the Invention

  The present invention relates to a device for solidifying dust in rock drilling by a drilling device, the drilling device drilling a hole, means for supplying flushing air to the drilling hole, dust generated during excavation, Means for separating from the flushing air and means for supplying liquid to the rock generated during the excavation to solidify the rock, so that the apparatus adjusts at least one amount of liquid supplied to the rock It includes an operating part.

  In order to harden the rock dust generated during rock drilling, liquid spray flushing is now very commonly used to supply air and liquid, usually water, as mist-like drops to the borehole. is there. Liquid spray flushing is generally applied primarily to excavation on the ground.

  The amount of liquid, such as water and solutions containing various additives, used in liquid spray flushing is very strict. This is because if the amount of liquid is too small, the rock powder cannot be hardened sufficiently, and if the amount of liquid is too large, the dust removing device may be clogged.

  Currently, the amount of water is adjusted manually using a valve in the operating room of the drilling rig. In this case, the liquid supply hose has to be passed through the operation chamber, which makes the arrangement complicated and increases the amount of hose required. In addition, since the liquid flow rate changes continuously due to pressure fluctuation in the process, the operator must adjust the flow rate to an appropriate level while always observing the flow rate. Theoretically, pressure compensated flow control valves could be used, but flow control valves suitable for water, for example due to the effects of water corrosion, are expensive and even very sensitive to even small amounts of sludge . For this reason, the desired control accuracy cannot be obtained with these valves in practice.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus that can easily and reliably adjust the amount of water supplied in connection with liquid spray flushing.

  The device according to the present invention includes a plurality of on / off type parallel control valves whose operating parts are open and / or closed simultaneously at one time, and different combinations by switching different valves. To achieve different liquid flow rates by opening separately or simultaneously.

  The basic idea of the invention is to adjust the amount of liquid, such as water, used to solidify liquid spray flushing or other dust with a digital volumetric flow controller that includes multiple on / off parallel valves. Each valve can achieve a desired amount of liquid by controlling one or more valves at one time to an open or closed position. The idea of the embodiment of the invention is also to binary encode the opening of the valve, which means that the flow rate of the open valve is always substantially 2 of the small flow rate valve in front of it. Means double.

  According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference between the input side and output side of each valve is measured, and the flow rate is maintained substantially constant by adjusting the valve according to the pressure difference. According to another embodiment of the present invention, such adjustment based on pressure compensation is performed automatically.

  The present invention has an effect that the flow rate of a liquid such as water can be adjusted to a desired level with sufficient accuracy by simply selecting a combination of open valves. Further, since the adjustment can be performed fully automatically, there is an effect that the operator in charge of excavation does not have to concentrate on adjusting the water amount separately. Further, as an effect of the present invention, it is not necessary to draw a hose for feeding the liquid to the operation chamber for supplying and adjusting the liquid, and it can be arranged by the shortest route. This is because the valve is electrically controlled. Further, the present invention has an advantage that the valve used in such a system is a simple valve having an open position or a closed position, so that there is no problem that the problem is likely to occur or that the valve is vulnerable to sludge. Compared with the proportional valve, the present invention has an advantage that even if a failure occurs in one valve, the subsequent liquid is not supplied with the desired accuracy, but excavation is not interrupted. Furthermore, the valve in the present invention is inexpensive and does not require a complicated measuring device for pressure compensation, and can be compensated by a normal simple pressure difference measuring method.

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It is a figure showing roughly an excavation device using liquid spray type flushing. It is a figure which shows schematically the simple connection applicable to liquid spray type flushing and dust removal. Or It is the figure which shows schematically the binary code | symbol actuated valve connection used by this invention, and the figure which shows the operation | movement conceptually in a table | surface. and FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an actual characteristic curve of a program executed using a valve and a compensation characteristic curve of a set of valves executed in a similar manner. It is a figure which shows a mode that the flow volume of water is adjusted using pressure compensation. FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a connection according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 schematically shows another connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description of the Invention

  FIG. 1 shows a rock drilling device, which includes a carrier 1 in a form known per se, to which a boom 2 is attached. A feed beam 3 equipped with a rock drill is provided at the end of the boom 2. Further, the rock drilling apparatus generally includes a compressor (not shown) that supplies pressurized air to the drilling hole through the drill rod, and when the air comes out from a circular space formed between the drill rod and the drilling hole, Air carries drilling debris, ie rock dust and coarser material, out of the hole. Since these devices and their operation are known per se in the art and are obvious to a person skilled in the art, a detailed description here will not be necessary. A suction nozzle 4 is provided at the front end of the feed beam so as to surround the drill rod, and is firmly pressed against the ground so as to surround the drilled hole during excavation. A suction hose 5 is connected from the suction nozzle 4 to the pre-separator 6 where the coarse substance is separated from the dust. Dust and intake air from the front separator 6 travels through the hose 7 to the dust separator 8. The dust separator is usually arranged at the rear of the rock drilling device. In the dust separator, the dust is separated from the intake air, and the separated dust is accumulated in the dust separator 8. The accumulated dust is removed from the dust separator 8 by being sent to the ground at an appropriate interval. The operation of the dust separator will be described in detail in connection with FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a dust separation apparatus suitable for realizing the present invention. Such dust separators and dust separators are generally known per se, and therefore detailed description thereof will not be required herein. The figure shows a flushing air duct 9 having a flushing valve 10. Air is supplied by the compressor 11 through the flushing air duct 9, and this air is controlled by the flushing valve 10 and supplied to the drill hole 13 through the drill rod 12 to remove drilling debris generated during drilling. Remove. At the same time, the liquid in the liquid container 14 is supplied to this flushing air through a conduit 15 controlled by a valve 16. The amount of liquid is adjusted by a separate actuator 17, whereby the liquid is mixed with flushing air, preferably in the form of a mist. The liquid carried by the flushing air wets and binds most of the generated rock dust. Flushing air exiting from the excavation hole is sucked by the suction ventilator 8 a, sent to the pre-separator 6 through the hose 5, and further sent to the dust separator 8 through the hose 7. The pre-separator shown in FIG. 1 is not so necessary in the present invention, but the coarse substance is separated from the flushing air by the pre-separator, and the powdery substance is further sent to the dust separator 8 together with the air. In the dust separator 8, the dust remains on the filter 8b, and the air passes through the filter 8b and goes out of the dust separator in a substantially dust-free state. Dust is removed from the dust separator 8 as a lump at appropriate intervals. In order to remove the dust, the upper part of the dust separator 8 is connected to the pressure air duct 9 via a valve 18. When the excavation is finished and it is no longer necessary to suck flushing air into the dust separator, the wavy compressed air is applied to the dust separator 8 by the valve 18, and then the dust is removed from the filter and falls to the bottom of the dust separator. Prior to and / or during the application of wavy compressed air using the actuator 19, the liquid passes from the tank 14 through the conduit 20 as a mist or as a very small drop from the nozzle 21 or the like to the bottom of the dust separator 8. Supplied. In order to supply the liquid, for example, using the method shown in this figure, the liquid is pushed out of the container 14 under the pressure of the compressed air by supplying compressed air from the valve 23 to the top of the liquid container through the conduit 22. It is. If desired, the liquid may be supplied both before and during the application of wavy compressed air, i.e., substantially immediately prior to dust removal and / or throughout the dust removal process. As a result of supplying the liquid to the bottom of the dust separator, the dust falling from the filter 8a is considerably moistened and solidifies when falling outside the bottom of the dust separator and is not scattered in the air. The principles and operation of actuators 17 and 19 will be described in detail in connection with FIGS. 3a-3c and FIGS. 4a and 4b.

  In order to control the supply of liquid and the removal of dust, it is possible to use an independent control device 24, which controls the suction ventilator of the compressor and dust separator in addition to the valves mentioned above. It is connected to the. The control device is very preferably connected by a control line 25 to equipment known per se as controlling the actual excavation, receives a control signal via the control line 25 and based on this signal The controller 24 supplies liquid to either the flushing air or the dust separator as necessary when removing the dust. The controller 24 may be connected to control the device in various ways. Thus, this control may be based, for example, on switching the rock drill to return operation or to some other signal or identifier that indicates a particular excavation stage. The control device 24 forms part of a device for controlling the actual excavation work and may function as a device provided specifically for this purpose, or the equipment for controlling the actual excavation work may be a computer or similar. In the case of this device, it may be realized by software. Compressed air can be supplied to the bottom of the dust separator 8 through the valve 26 as desired, but this is not necessary.

  3a and 3c schematically show the structure of a digitally controlled actuator, which uses a plurality of on / off parallel valves V1-V4 with different flow rates. Theoretically, the flow rate can be selected in various ways, but preferably, each valve has a different port size, so that the effect of blockage on the flow rate shown schematically by the chokes K1 to K4 is different for each valve. It is different. This is most simply achieved by selecting the valve port or occlusion as follows. That is, with the same pressure difference between the valves, the liquid flow rate Q through each valve is always twice the previous lower water flow rate, ie 1xQ, 2xQ, 4xQ and 8xQ in the figure The flow rate is as shown in FIG. In fact, it is not absolutely possible to produce such proportional valves, and in particular to easily obtain these valves on the market, so to maintain accuracy, Figure 4a and Figure It would be better to perform the control shown in 4b.

  FIG. 3b schematically shows the connection of the four parallel valves in FIG. 3a as one valve. Here, this figure shows a step control valve, and control is performed by a 4-digit binary code (n = 4).

  FIG. 3c schematically shows the flow rate of the valve according to FIG. 3a, the valve being controlled by a 4-bit binary code. The liquid flow rate in valve V1 is 1 × Q, 2 × Q for valve V2, 4 × Q for valve V3, and 8 × Q for valve V4. If the binary code is 0, no liquid will flow through any valve. When the binary code is 1000, only the valve V1 is opened and the liquid flow rate is Q. When the binary value is 0100, only the valve V2 is opened and the flow rate in that case is 2 × Q. If the binary value is 3, ie 1100, both valves V1 and V2 are open and the flow rate is 3xQ. In this way, by changing the binary code, the binary code 1111, that is, 15 and the maximum flow rate is 15 × Q. Therefore, when four on / off type parallel valves are used, the flow rate of liquid can theoretically be adjusted precisely to 15 stages, and the amount of liquid flowing in each valve with the same pressure difference is proportional to the liquid volume of the valve. Ensure that the flow rate is always exactly twice the liquid flow rate in the adjacent smaller valve.

  By using this digital volumetric flow rate control system, it is possible to suppress fragility due to pressure fluctuations and contaminants in a known proportional valve and to achieve sufficient control accuracy. The choice of control accuracy can be easily done by installing a sufficient number of on / off parallel valves as needed, so that the smallest valve flow corresponds to the minimum required flow or change in flow, and all valves The total flow rate corresponds to the desired maximum flow rate. If one of the valves is damaged or its flow path is blocked, the flow rate of water can be adjusted, although the control accuracy and the maximum flow rate are reduced. Also, the purchase price of such a valve is considerably lower than a high quality and reliable proportional valve, and it is rather cheaper to replace a defective valve with a new functioning one.

  Figures 4a and 4b show the actual flow rate of an actuator with a set of several (ie 7) valves and the usable operating characteristic curves obtained by binary code correction. FIG. 4a shows the flow rate of the actuator when the actuator is logically controlled using all successive binary values 0-127.

  FIG. 4a shows that the flow rate is clearly deviated with a control signal of a multiple of 8 bits and larger values of 32 bits. At these points, the water flow rate decreased or remained at a continuous value regardless of the binary value increase. This is because the proportional relationship between the valves does not completely correspond to the binary code, but is somewhat different from each other. This is due to the fact that in this experiment, the characteristics of the flow paths of commercial valves, i.e. the occlusive effect they provide, deviated to some extent from the binary values of standard valves.

  FIG. 4b shows the final flow curve, in which case the binary value that reduces the flow rate is removed from the actuator control, so that an actuator with about 95 steps is realized, the flow rate being input 2 Follows a linear value to the decimal value.

  Actually, the control is performed as follows. That is, for example, a table of binary values within an acceptable range is organized, and then the control system systematically extracts the required binary code proportional to the flow rate from the table and adjusts each valve with an actuator.

  Since the pressure difference in the actuators 17 and / or 19 is never constant and varies to some extent, the volume flow rate of the supplied water could change according to the pressure difference variation, but this pressure difference is not necessarily It is not acceptable. This point can be solved by measuring the pressure difference between the input side and the output side of the actuators 17 and / or 19. The actuator is calibrated by measuring the flow rate of the water in the entire region at various pressure differential values, using all applicable binary codes and their corresponding flow rates between 0 and the maximum value. . Thereby, for example, a plurality of tables defining the flow rate of water with different pressure difference values for each binary code can be created. The automatic control may be as follows. That is, pressure differential measurement is used to control the operation of actuators 17 and / or 19, and when the pressure changes, the controller automatically selects the table closest to each pressure value to accommodate the preset flow rate. A binary code is selected from the table, and the binary code is used to adjust the valve at a particular time. This control connection is schematically illustrated in FIG. 5 as an example associated with the actuator 17. In this figure, the pressure difference Mp applied to the actuator 17 is obtained by measuring the pressure p1 on the input side and the pressure p2 on the output side of the actuator 17 by connecting the pressure gauge Mp. Thereafter, the pressure difference value Dp may be used by the control device 24, which changes the digital binary code for the actuator and opens and closes the valve according to the pressure difference value. When controlled by the control device 24 in this way, the value of the flow rate of the feed water maintains a desired value with sufficient accuracy. Alternatively, based on this pressure difference measurement, the value of the flow rate corresponding to each binary code can be corrected according to a predetermined formula, for example. In this case, it is not necessary to use two or more tables. Similarly, use this table to apply this pressure difference measurement and interpolate one or more intermediate values based on the pressure difference measurement, eg between each value in the table linearly or according to an appropriate curve You may make it do. This can be performed for the actuator 19 as well.

  FIG. 6 schematically shows another connection according to an embodiment of the invention. In other respects, the connections in this figure correspond to the connections in FIG. 2, and so the corresponding parts will not be described further. This embodiment includes an additional three-position valve 27, which may be a conventional three-way valve, which is used to close the actuators 17 and 19 and the flow path 15 connected to the liquid container 14 to The channel terminating at 17 and 19 may be open to the atmosphere. In this way, it is possible to supply compressed air through these devices from the compressor against the flow direction of the liquid flowing through the actuators 17 and 19 at normal times, so that the dirt accumulated in the valve Is removed, and the reliability of the operation of the valve can be maintained for a longer period of time.

  FIG. 7 schematically shows yet another connection according to an embodiment of the present invention. Since this connection also corresponds to the connection shown in FIG. 2, the matching part will not be further described here. In the present embodiment, the independent compressed air conduit 22 connected to the liquid container 14 and the components associated therewith are omitted. In this example, the supply of air to the container 14 is realized by supplying the air used for flushing the actuator from the actuator 17 to the container 14 through the flow path 15, thereby selecting the volume of the container 14. Thus, the amount of air supplied to the container 14 is set to an amount sufficient to supply liquid during at least one excavation period. At each drilling stage, preferably, while cleaning the actuators 17 and / or 19, supply the container 14 with as much air as needed to supply water or other liquid during the next drilling stage. . By using this scheme, fewer conduits, hoses and components are required.

  Although the present invention has been described in the specification and drawings by way of example only, the present invention is not limited thereto. As described in connection with the actuator 17, the amount of liquid supplied to the dust separator 8 can be accurately adjusted using the actuator 19. The structure and operation of the actuator 19 are similar to those of the actuator 17 described above. Similarly, by using the pressure difference measurement, the control accuracy is improved and simpler control can be realized.

Claims (11)

  A rock drill for digging a hole, a means for supplying flushing air to the drilling hole, a means for separating dust generated during excavation from the flushing air, and a liquid by supplying liquid to the rock generated during excavation A device for solidifying dust during rock drilling using a drilling device including means for solidifying powder, the device comprising at least one operating unit for adjusting the amount of liquid supplied to the rock powder, the operating unit (17, 19) includes a plurality of on / off type parallel control valves, one or more of which can be opened and / or closed simultaneously at the same time, switching different valves (V1 to V4) separately or in different combinations In the device that achieves different liquid flow rates by opening simultaneously, the device includes means (Mp) for measuring the pressure difference acting on the operating parts (17, 19), and a control device (24) is provided. Control the actuator (17, 19) based on the measured pressure difference And wherein the Rukoto.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the flow paths of the control valve have different cross-sectional areas from the cross-sectional areas of other control valves.   3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the control valve is substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the flow path of one control valve and the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the next largest control valve. 2. A device characterized in that it is proportional to have a ratio of 2, whereby the control valve is adjusted based on a binary code.   Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a control device (24) for controlling the actuating part (17, 19).   5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the flow rate of water flowing through the actuating part (17, 19) is measured according to the number of valves using each value of the binary code, and only these binary code values are measured. A device characterized in that the actuators (17, 19) are selected to control and produce a substantially linear change in flow rate when used continuously.   6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein at least one table is organized with the selected binary code values, and the control device (24) is configured to use the necessary binary codes each time based on the input flow rate value. Is selected from the table.   7. The device according to claim 4, wherein the control device (24) is configured to correct a flow value corresponding to each binary code according to a predetermined formula based on a pressure difference measurement. A device characterized by that.   8. A device according to claim 4, wherein the flow rate of water flowing through said actuating part (17, 19) is measured at a number of different pressure difference values, and a binary code corresponding to each pressure difference measurement value. Organizing a control table of values, the control device (24) is configured to interpolate between flow values corresponding to the two pressure values of the table with flow values corresponding to the measured pressure difference; The apparatus is characterized in that one of the two pressure values is higher than the measured pressure value and the other is lower.   9. A device according to claim 4, wherein the flow rate of water flowing through said actuating part (17, 19) is measured at a number of different pressure difference values, and a binary corresponding to each pressure difference measurement value. The control table of the code value is organized, and the control device (24) determines the binary code used in the operating unit (17, 19) from the control table of the pressure difference value closest to the measured pressure difference each time. An apparatus configured to select.   An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one actuating part (17) is arranged to adjust the amount of liquid supplied to the flushing air supplied to the borehole. apparatus.   In the apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, the means for separating the dust from the flushing air includes a separation dust collector (8) and a means for supplying water to the dust to be removed, and at least one operating part ( 19) An apparatus for adjusting water supplied to dust to be removed from the separated dust collector (8).

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