JP2012251827A - Measuring method for build-in error of steel pipe, and steel pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a measuring method that can measure vertical precision of an inverted construction column inserted into the ground without digging the ground when a building is constructed by an inverted construction method.SOLUTION: There is provided the measuring method which measures a build-in error of the inverted construction column 10 which includes a pillar part 20 made of a steel pipe 21, a pile part 30 connected below the pillar part 20, and a base plate 40 provided between the pillar part 20 and pile part 30, and is built in the ground 1. A mark 51 made of a phosphorescent material is given at the position that a base line passes when the inverted construction column 10 on the base plate 40 is accurately built in. The position right above the mark 51 of the base plate 40 of the inverted construction column 10, built in the ground 1, at a ground height, is specified with a plummet instrument, and the distance between the base line and the specified position right above the mark 51 is measured at the ground height.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for measuring an installation error of a steel pipe installed in the ground.

  Conventionally, when an underground structure of a building is constructed by a reverse hammering method, a steel pipe is embedded in the ground as a reverse strut for supporting the load of the building frame before excavating the ground. If this steel pipe is inclined, it has a great influence on the connection with the beam and the construction of the ground steel frame. Therefore, it is important to ensure vertical accuracy when embedding the steel pipe.

  As a method of inserting a steel pipe into the ground while ensuring vertical accuracy, for example, Patent Document 1 provides a water pipe attached to the outer peripheral surface of a steel pipe, a float floating on the water surface in the water pipe, and an upper surface of the water pipe. In order to adjust the inclination of the steel pipe, a mark plate with a mark for reading the position of the float, a camera for monitoring the displacement of the float, a crane hook or other suspension tool and the water pipe are interposed. A method of inserting a steel pipe into the ground while adjusting the vertical accuracy using a vertical accuracy adjusting device provided with an adjusting means for the purpose is disclosed.

  However, even if the steel pipe is installed in the ground while adjusting the vertical accuracy by the method described in Patent Document 1, the steel pipe may be inclined during or after installation due to the influence of earth pressure or water pressure. And since earth pressure and water pressure differ with depth, the inclination is not uniform over the full length of a steel pipe, and often varies with depth. Therefore, in general, for the purpose of measuring the vertical accuracy after installation at every predetermined interval, the ground of the construction site of the underground structure is excavated for each floor, and the slope of the exposed part is appropriately transited. Etc. are measured. That is, the work of excavating the ground for each floor and measuring the inclination is repeatedly performed several times in the planned underground floor.

JP 2009-84794 A

However, the method of excavating the ground at the site where the underground structure is planned for each floor and measuring the slope of the exposed part has the following problems.
(1) Calculate the exact horizontal distance between the steel pipes based on the measurement results of the exposed part, and adjust the length of the beam produced for a certain reason in order to adjust the length of the long beam produced according to the horizontal distance. If it is delayed, the construction of the underground frame may stop.

  (2) If the inclination of the steel pipe increases, the structural proof strength of the building decreases, so reinforcement is required. However, since the design takes time and effort, the construction of the underground frame may stop. And, with the reverse driving method, the construction of the ground frame part cannot proceed unless the construction of the underground frame part proceeds. Therefore, when the construction of the underground frame part stops, the construction of the ground frame part also stops. It will affect the process.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a measurement method capable of measuring the vertical accuracy of a steel pipe built in the ground without excavating the ground. It is.

  The method for measuring an installation error of a steel pipe according to the present invention is a measurement method for measuring an installation error of a steel pipe that is provided with a plate so as to block at least a part of an internal cross section thereof, and is embedded in the ground. A vertical reference axis that passes through the plate, when the steel pipe is correctly installed, a mark applying step for attaching a mark made of a phosphorescent material or a reflective material to a position that passes through the plate; The vertical position specifying step of specifying the position of the mark of the plate of the steel pipe built in by a vertical instrument, and measuring the distance between the reference axis and the position immediately above the specified mark at the ground level And an error measuring step.

  In the method for measuring an installation error of the steel pipe, in the vertical position specifying step, the mark is illuminated by an illuminating device, and the mark is observed by a vertical device capable of collimating vertically below at a height above the ground. Thus, the position directly above the mark attached to the plate may be specified. Further, the mark may be attached to an upper portion of a protruding member provided so as to protrude from the upper surface of the plate.

  Further, the method of measuring the error of installation of the steel pipe of the present invention is a measurement method for measuring the error of installation of the steel pipe installed in the ground provided with a plate so as to block at least a part of the internal cross section, A vertical reference axis that passes through the plate, a mark applying step for attaching a mark made of a phosphorescent material or a reflective material to a position that passes through the plate when the steel pipe is correctly built, A position specifying step for specifying a position on the plate through which the reference axis passes, and an error measuring step for measuring a distance between the position on the specified plate through which the reference axis passes and the mark. It is characterized by providing.

  The steel pipe of the present invention is a steel pipe to be inserted into the ground provided with a plate so as to block at least a part of the internal cross section, and measures an installation error when the steel material is inserted into the ground. Accordingly, a protruding member is provided on the plate, and a mark made of a phosphorescent material or a reflecting material indicating a reference position is attached to an upper portion of the protruding member.

  According to the present invention, when the steel pipe is installed, the mark made of a phosphorescent material or a reflecting material is attached to the position where the reference axis passes when the steel pipe of the plate is accurately installed. Since the distance between the mark and the reference axis can be obtained using a vertical instrument, it is possible to measure the steel pipe installation error without excavating the ground after the steel pipe is built in the ground.

It is a figure which shows the reverse striking support | pillar built in the ground. It is a figure which shows a mode that the installation error of the reverse striking support | pillar in 1st Embodiment is measured. It is a figure which shows the image which can collimate with a vertical collimator when observing a mark through a vertical collimator. It is a figure which shows the target used by 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows a mode that the installation error of the striking strut in 2nd Embodiment is measured. It is a figure which shows an example of the spot position displayed on the target.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of an installation error measuring method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a view showing a reverse hitting strut 10 built in the ground. As shown in FIG. 1, the reverse strut 10 includes an upper column portion 20 and a lower pile portion 30, and a base plate 40 is interposed between the column portion 20 and the pile portion 30.

The pile portion 30 is made of a so-called cross H-shaped steel 31 and a stud 32 is provided on the outer surface near the lower end portion of the flange 31A.
The column portion 20 is made of a steel pipe 21 having a rectangular cross section, and a diaphragm 22 is attached to a height position where the beams on each floor inside the steel pipe 21 are to be connected. A circular hole 22A is formed in the diaphragm 22 attached to the steel pipe 21, and when the ground frame is constructed, concrete is filled into the steel pipe 21 through the hole 22A to form a CFT column. .

Hereinafter, a method for measuring the placement error of the back strut 10 will be described.
First, before the reverse strut 10 is installed, a bolt 50 is attached to the upper surface of the base plate 40 in advance, and a mark 51 is attached to the head of the bolt 50. This mark 51 is attached to a position where the core passes through when the reverse strut 10 is correctly built (in this embodiment, the position through which the central axis of the steel pipe 21 passes).

  Here, the mark 51 is given by applying a phosphorescent paint to the head of the bolt 50 and marking a cross on it. The phosphorescent paint is a paint that absorbs light energy (ultraviolet rays) such as sunlight and fluorescent lamps and develops a function of gradually emitting light in the dark. In this embodiment, the water-based ink has a phosphorescent function. (For example, trade name “Luminite GW”, manufactured by Komatsu Process Co., Ltd.) is used. Examples of the phosphorescent paint include inorganic pigments of alumina oxide.

  Then, after excavating the ground with the excavator and installing the reverse strut 10 with the lifting device, before starting the construction work of the floor surface of 1F, the installation error of the built back strut 10 is measured. To do. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the installation error of the reverse strut 10 is measured. As shown in the figure, when measuring the erection error, a pedestal plate 100 made of a steel plate is installed so as to cover the upper part of the back strut 10. The pedestal plate 100 is provided with a circular opening 100 </ b> A, and the opening 100 </ b> A is disposed substantially above the bolt 50 attached to the base plate 40.

  A vertical collimator 110 is installed above the base plate 100 so as to straddle the opening 100A. The vertical collimator 110 is a vertical instrument in which a telescope is built in, an eyepiece is provided on the side, and the visual axis of the telescope is set on the vertical axis of the main body. It is configured. In this embodiment, an automatic zenith vertical device ZL (trade name) manufactured by Leica Geosystems is used as the vertical collimator 110, but a vertical device PD3 (trade name) manufactured by Sochia can also be used. is there.

  A cable 121 is suspended from the opening 100 </ b> A of the base plate 100, and a light 120 capable of illuminating the lower part is attached to the tip of the cable 121. The light emitted from the light 120 is absorbed by the phosphorescent paint of the mark 51, whereby the mark 51 emits light in a dark space inside the steel pipe 21, and the cross marked on the mark 51 becomes visible.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an image that can be collimated by the vertical collimator 110 when the mark 51 is observed through the vertical collimator 110. When measuring the installation error, first, as shown in FIG. 3, while observing the inside of the steel pipe 21 through the vertical collimator 110, an intersection of two orthogonal axes (a point through which the vertical axis of the main body passes) The horizontal position of the vertical collimator 110 is adjusted so as to overlap the intersection of the crosses of the marks 51. At this time, the light of the light 120 is irradiated to the mark 51 and absorbed by the phosphorescent paint of the mark 51. Thereby, the mark 51 emits light in a dark space in the steel pipe 21, and the cross marked on the mark 51 becomes visible.

  Here, even if condensation or the like occurs in the steel pipe 21 and water accumulates on the base plate 40, the bolts 50 are provided with marks 51 on the heads of the bolts 50 provided so as to protrude from the base plate 40. The top of the projection protrudes from the water surface, and the mark 51 can be confirmed.

  Next, on the ground, the difference between the position of the vertical axis of the main body of the vertical collimator 110 and the position of the core in the ground 1 is determined in the form of, for example, 5 mm to the north and 10 mm to the west. It is set as the installation error d of the reverse strut 10. This placement error d is obtained by measuring the distance between the mark on the vertical axis of the vertical collimator 110 and the mark on the intersection of the core on the pedestal plate 100 with a scale. The installation error d may be obtained by installing collimation prisms and mirrors on the vertical axis and on the core of the vertical collimator 110 and measuring these distances by transit.

  Then, based on the obtained installation error d, a jack is inserted between the ground 1 and the reverse strut 10 and a force is applied in the opposite direction to the installation error by the jack, so that the posture of the reverse strut 10 is changed. adjust. In this embodiment, since the installation error is measured before the 1F floor is constructed, the installation error can be corrected.

  In the present embodiment, a mark 51 made of a phosphorescent material is provided in the steel pipe 21, and the mark 51 installed in the steel pipe 21 that is a dark space is vertically collimated by illuminating the mark 51 with a light 120. Visible with the vessel 110. Thereby, after the reverse striking strut 10 is built in the ground 1, the installation error of the reverse striking strut 10 can be measured without excavating the ground 1. For this reason, since the inclination of the back strut 10 can be adjusted before excavating the ground 1, the construction of the underground construction portion is not stopped.

  In addition, if the 1F floor is constructed, it is difficult to adjust the installation error of the back strut 10, but according to the present embodiment, the installation error is measured before the 1F floor is constructed. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the erection error of the reverse strut 10.

In addition, even if the installation error of the reverse strut 10 is large and it is necessary to reinforce the underground frame part, the installation error can be measured immediately after the reverse strut 10 is installed. Reinforcement design can be performed during the excavation period, and there is no influence on the post-process. That is, it is possible to secure a period necessary for the design of reinforcement and to prevent an influence on the subsequent process.
Moreover, according to this embodiment, in order to measure an erection error, it is only necessary to attach the bolt 50 to the reverse strut 10 in advance, so it does not take time.

  In the present embodiment, the main body of the vertical collimator 110 while suspending the cable 121 in the steel pipe 21 and observing the mark 51 illuminated with the light 120 connected to the tip of the cable 121 with the vertical collimator 110. Although the position of the vertical collimator 110 is adjusted so that the vertical axis of the mark overlaps the intersection of the cross of the mark 51, the laser vertical is not limited to this, while monitoring the photographed image of the camera connected to the tip of the cable 121. The position of the laser vertical device 110 may be adjusted so that the laser emitted from the device hits the mark 51.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the vertical collimator 110 is used, but instead of this, a position above the mark may be specified using a downward swing. In this case, since the downward swing is used inside the steel pipe 21, the position above the mark can be specified without being affected by the wind.

  In the present embodiment, the bolt 50 is mounted on the base plate 40, and the mark 51 is attached to the head of the bolt 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A block or the like may be attached so as to protrude, and a mark 51 may be attached to the upper portion of the protruding member.

Second Embodiment
In the first embodiment, the distance between the core and the center axis of the steel pipe on the ground is measured. However, the distance is not limited to this, and the distance between the core and the center axis of the steel pipe is measured at the height at which the base plate is installed. You can also Hereinafter, an embodiment in such a case will be described. In the following description, similarly to the first embodiment, when the back strut is correctly built, the central axis of the steel pipe and the core are assumed to coincide with each other.

  In the present embodiment, a target 150 as shown in FIG. 4 is installed above the base plate 40. The target 150 is made of a rectangular plate, a mark 151 serving as a reference point is displayed at the center thereof, and a plurality of scale lines parallel to two orthogonal axes are displayed in a grid pattern. The two orthogonal axes are attached so as to extend east-west and north-south in a state where a target is installed in the steel pipe 21 as described later. Guide members 160 are connected to both sides of the target 150, and wire ropes 161 are connected to the guide members 160.

Hereinafter, a method for measuring the installation error of the back strut 10 in the present embodiment will be described.
First, the target 150 is installed on the upper surface of the base plate 40 with the guide member 160 along the opposite corners of the steel pipe 21 in advance before the reverse strut 10 is installed. At this time, by placing the guide member 160 along the opposite corners of the steel pipe 21, the central axis of the steel pipe 21 passes through the mark 151 displayed on the target 150, and the scale line extends in the east-west and north-south directions. . The wire rope 161 connected to the target 150 is arranged so as to reach the upper part of the steel pipe 21.

  Here, the mark 151 is attached by sticking a reflective sheet to the target 150 and marking two axes or scale lines orthogonal thereto. In the present embodiment, a retroreflective sheet having a function of selectively reflecting light toward the light source (for example, trade name RS00-K, manufactured by Sokkia, trade name 3D reflex sheet, manufactured by Nikon) And the product name 680 series, manufactured by Sumitomo 3M). This retroreflective sheet has a structure in which glass beads are embedded in a transparent plastic film.

  Here, in general, the reflective sheet has a high retroreflective performance due to a large amount of glass beads mixed as compared with the reflective paint. Therefore, in this embodiment, the mark 151 is formed using the reflective sheet. Any reflective paint having retroreflective performance can be used to form the mark 151.

  Then, the ground is excavated by the excavator, the reverse strut 10 is built by the lifting device, and the installation error of the built reverse strut 10 is measured. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the installation error of the reverse strut 10 is measured. Also in the present embodiment, the installation error is measured in a state where the construction work of the 1F floor is not started.

  On the ground, a pedestal plate 100 made of a steel plate is installed on the upper part of the reverse strut 10. The pedestal plate 100 is provided with a circular opening 100A and is arranged so that the core is located in the opening 100A.

  A vertical collimator 110 is installed above the base plate 100 so as to straddle the opening 100A. A laser irradiation device 111 is attached to the eyepiece of the vertical collimator 110, and the laser emitted from the laser irradiation device 111 is tilted vertically downward. The vertical collimator 110 is installed so that the laser irradiated from the laser irradiation device 111 is positioned at the core.

  A cable 121 is suspended from the opening 100 </ b> A of the base plate 100, and a light 120 capable of illuminating the lower part is attached to the tip of the cable 121. The light of the light 120 is reflected upward by the reflection sheet with the mark 151.

  When measuring the installation error, the direction of how much the spot position 170 irradiated with the laser with respect to the mark 151 on the target 150 is shifted by the graduation line through the vertical collimator 110. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the spot position 170 is shifted 5 mm to the north and 10 mm to the west with respect to the center point 152 of the mark 151, the installation error of the striking strut 10 is the height of the base plate 40. In this position, the distance is 5 mm to the south and 10 mm to the east.

  Then, based on the determined installation error, a jack is inserted between the ground 1 and the reverse strut 10 and a force is applied to the reverse direction of the reverse strut 10 by this jack to adjust the posture of the reverse strut 10. To do.

Through the above steps, the installation error of the reverse strut 10 can be measured, and the posture of the reverse strut 10 can be adjusted based on this. In addition, what is necessary is just to collect | recover the target 150 with the wire rope 161 after the measurement of the installation error of the reverse strut 10.
According to this embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  In addition, in each said embodiment, although the pile part 30 was comprised by the cross H-shaped steel 31, not only this but appropriate steel materials, such as H-shaped steel and a square steel pipe, can be used. Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the column part 20 was comprised with the square steel pipe 21, it is not restricted to this, A round steel pipe can also be used.

Moreover, although each said embodiment demonstrated the case where the installation error of the reverse strut 10 built in the ground 1 was measured, not only this but the case where the steel pipe with which the baseplate 40 was connected to the lower end is built. If so, the present invention can be applied. In addition, the base plate 40 is not necessarily provided, and the present invention can be applied if the plate is attached so as to close the inside of the steel pipe.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the core is used as a reference axis that serves as a reference for measuring the placement error.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ground 10 Reverse strike strut 20 Column part 21 Steel pipe 22 Diaphragm 30 Pile part 31 H-shaped steel 31A Flange 32 Stud 40 Base plate 50 Bolt 51 Mark 100 Base plate 110 Vertical collimator 111 Laser irradiation apparatus 120 Light 121 Cable 150 Target 151 Mark 152 Center point 160 Guide member 161 Wire rope 170 Spot position

Claims (5)

A plate is provided so as to block at least a part of an internal cross section, and is a measurement method for measuring an installation error of a steel pipe built in the ground,
A mark providing step for attaching a mark made of a phosphorescent material or a reflective material to a position where the vertical reference axis passing through the plate passes through the plate when the steel pipe is correctly built; and
A vertical position specifying step of specifying the position of the mark of the plate of the steel pipe built in the ground by a vertical device at the ground level;
An error measurement step of a steel pipe, comprising: an error measurement step of measuring a distance between the reference axis and a position immediately above the identified mark at ground level. A method for measuring an installation error of a steel pipe according to claim 1,
In the vertical position specifying step,
Illuminating the mark with an illuminating device, and locating the mark directly above the mark on the plate by observing the mark with a vertical device capable of collimating vertically downward at a ground level. A method for measuring the installation error of a steel pipe. A method for measuring an installation error of a steel pipe according to claim 1 or 2,
The said mark is attached | subjected to the upper part of the protrusion member provided so that it might protrude on the said plate upper surface, The measuring method of the installation error of the steel pipe characterized by the above-mentioned. A plate is provided so as to block at least a part of an internal cross section, and is a measurement method for measuring an installation error of a steel pipe built in the ground,
A mark providing step for attaching a mark made of a phosphorescent material or a reflective material to a position where the vertical reference axis passing through the plate passes through the plate when the steel pipe is correctly built; and
A position specifying step for specifying a position on the plate through which the reference axis passes at a ground level,
An error measurement step for measuring a steel pipe installation error, comprising: an error measurement step of measuring a distance between the specified position on the plate through which the reference axis passes and the mark. A steel pipe to be inserted into the ground provided with a plate so as to block at least a part of the internal cross section,
In order to measure an installation error when the steel material is inserted into the ground, a protruding member is provided on the plate, and a mark made of a phosphorescent material or a reflecting material indicating a reference position is attached to the upper portion of the protruding member. A steel pipe characterized by that.

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