JP2012244726A - Armature for rotary electric machine and rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve efficiency in a high speed drive state.SOLUTION: A motor 1 includes: a stator core 11 that has a plurality of slots 112 formed along a circumferential direction thereof; first coils 121 that are provided on respective slots 112 of the stator core 11 and that are used in both of a high speed drive state and a low speed drive state; and second coils 122 that are provided on the respective slots 112 of the stator core 11 and that are used in the low speed drive state. The first coils 121 are larger in number of turns than the second coils 122.

Description

  The present invention relates to an armature of a rotating electrical machine and a rotating electrical machine.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a winding switching type rotating electrical machine is known as one of rotating electrical machines such as an electric motor and a generator. The winding switching type rotating electrical machine has a plurality of windings for each phase, and by switching the connection state of the plurality of windings, it is possible to drive efficiently in a wide range from a low speed region to a high speed region. (See Patent Document 1).

  For example, when the winding-switching type rotating electric machine includes two armature windings for each phase, both armature windings are used to support low-speed driving. High speed drive is supported by using only.

JP-A-6-225588

  However, the above-described conventional technology has room for further improvement in terms of improving efficiency in a high-speed driving state.

  The disclosed technique has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide an armature of a rotating electrical machine and a rotating electrical machine that can improve efficiency in a high-speed driving state.

  An armature of a rotating electrical machine disclosed in the present application is provided in an armature core in which a plurality of slots are formed along a circumferential direction, and in the slot of the armature core, and the first speed state and the first speed state The first armature winding used in both the low-speed second speed state and the same slot as the slot in which the first armature winding is provided are used in the second speed state. A second armature winding, wherein the number of turns of the first armature winding is greater than the number of turns of the second armature winding.

  A rotating electrical machine disclosed in the present application is a rotating electrical machine including an armature and a field, and the armature includes: an armature core having a plurality of slots formed along a circumferential direction; and the armature core. A first armature winding provided in a slot and used in both a first speed state and a second speed state lower than the first speed state; and provided in a slot of the armature core; A second armature winding used in a two-speed state, wherein the number of turns of the first armature winding is larger than the number of turns of the second armature winding.

  According to one aspect of the armature of a rotating electrical machine and the rotating electrical machine disclosed in the present application, the efficiency in a high-speed driving state can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a view of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment when viewed from the axial direction of the shaft. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the stator according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the drive system. FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure executed by the control unit. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the stator according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the stator according to the third embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a rotating electrical machine armature and a rotating electrical machine disclosed in the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  In each embodiment described below, an example in which the rotating electrical machine disclosed in the present application is applied to a motor that is an electric motor will be described. In each of the following embodiments, an example in which the armature disclosed in the present application is a stator, that is, an armature winding is provided on the stator side will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

  First, the configuration of the motor according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram of the motor according to the first embodiment when viewed from the axial direction of the shaft. As shown in FIG. 1, the motor 1 according to the first embodiment includes a stator 10, a rotor 20, and a shaft 30.

  The stator 10 includes a stator core 11 and a stator winding 12, and is disposed to face the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 20 via a predetermined gap.

  The stator core 11 is a cylindrical member formed by laminating a large number of thin plate materials such as electromagnetic steel plates. A large number of teeth 111 protruding radially inward are formed on the inner peripheral side of the stator core 11 along the circumferential direction. A space between these teeth 111 is called a slot 112.

  The inner peripheral surface of the slot 112 is covered with an insulating material, and the stator winding 12 wound using an insulation-coated electric wire is accommodated in the slot 112. The stator winding 12 is wound by the concentrated winding method, but is not limited thereto, and may be wound by the distributed winding method.

  The rotor 20 includes a rotor core 21 and a permanent magnet 22. The rotor core 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of permanent magnets 22 are arranged along the circumferential direction. The rotor 20 is attached to a shaft 30 and rotates around the shaft 30 as a central axis.

  Here, as an example of the configuration of the rotor 20, an IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) in which the permanent magnet 22 is disposed inside the rotor core 21 will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The configuration of the rotor may be an SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet) in which a permanent magnet is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core.

  In addition, here, a permanent magnet type motor is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the motor 1 may be a motor other than a permanent magnet type such as an electromagnet type.

  Further, FIG. 1 shows an example in which the motor is a 6-pole 40-slot motor including six rotors 20 and 40 slots 112. However, the number of rotors 20 and slots 112 is not limited to this. It is not limited to. For example, the motor may be a 6 pole 36 slot motor with 6 rotors 20 and 36 slots 112.

  In the motor 1, a rotating magnetic field is generated inside the stator 10 by passing a current through the stator winding 12 of the stator 10. The rotor 20 rotates due to the interaction between the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 22 of the rotor 20, and the shaft 30 rotates as the rotor 20 rotates.

  Here, the motor 1 according to the first embodiment is a winding switching type motor. Specifically, the motor 1 includes two stator windings of a first winding 121 and a second winding 122 as the stator winding 12. The motor 1 enables efficient driving in a wide range from the low speed region to the high speed region by switching the connection state of the first winding 121 and the second winding 122.

  In particular, in the motor 1 according to the first embodiment, the number of turns of the first winding 121 and the number of turns of the second winding 122 are made different in order to improve the efficiency in the high-speed driving state.

  Below, the structure of the stator 10 is demonstrated concretely using FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the stator 10 according to the first embodiment. Here, FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view around the teeth 111 of the stator 10 shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, the first speed state in which the rotational speed of the motor 1 is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold is referred to as a “high-speed driving state”, and the second speed state in which the rotational speed is lower than the predetermined threshold is referred to as a “low-speed driving state”. I will call it.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first winding 121 and the second winding 122 are accommodated in the slot 112 of the stator 10. The first winding 121 is a stator winding used in both the high speed driving state and the low speed driving state, and the second winding 122 is a stator winding used only in the low speed driving state.

  The first winding 121 and the second winding 122 are connected in series and provided in the same slot 112. The first winding 121 and the second winding 122 may be connected in parallel.

  When the rotation speed of the motor 1 is less than the threshold value, that is, when the motor 1 is in a low-speed driving state, the first winding 121 and the second winding 122 are energized. As a result, the impedance of the stator winding 12 is maximized. In such a state, it is easy to obtain a high torque, but it is difficult to obtain a high rotational speed.

  On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the motor 1 is equal to or higher than the threshold value, that is, when the motor 1 is in a high-speed driving state, only the first winding 121 is energized. Thereby, since the impedance of the stator winding | coil 12 becomes small compared with a low-speed drive state, it becomes easy to obtain a high rotational speed.

  Thus, in the motor 1, the first winding 121 and the second winding 122 are energized in the low speed driving state, and only the first winding 121 is energized in the high speed driving state. The connection state of the two windings 122 is switched.

  Note that the switching of the connection state of the first winding 121 and the second winding 122 is performed by a control device that controls the driving of the motor 1, but this point will be described with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. It will be described later.

  In the first embodiment, the number of turns of the first winding 121 is larger than the number of turns of the second winding 122. This improves the space factor in a high-speed driving state, that is, in a state where only the first winding 121 is used, for example, compared to the case where the number of turns of the first winding and the number of turns of the second winding are the same. Can be made. Since the loss such as copper loss decreases as the space factor increases, the efficiency in the high-speed driving state can be improved by increasing the number of turns of the first winding 121 than the number of turns of the second winding 122.

  In the first embodiment, the first winding 121 is provided in the outer peripheral side region of the stator 10 in the slot 112 region, and the second winding 122 is provided in the inner peripheral side region. did. Thereby, the slot 112 and the stator winding are compared with the case where the second winding 122 is provided in the outer peripheral region of the stator 10 and the first winding 121 is provided in the inner peripheral region. Since the contact area with the wire 12 can be increased, the heat radiation effect of the heat generated in the stator winding 12 to the slot 112 can be enhanced.

  Note that the turn ratio of the first winding 121 and the second winding 122 is preferably 1.2: 0.8, but the number of turns of the first winding 121 is larger than the number of turns of the second winding 122. For example, other ratios may be used.

  Next, a configuration example of a drive system including the motor 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the drive system. The drive system according to the present embodiment can be applied to a drive system such as an electric vehicle or an industrial robot.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the drive system according to this embodiment includes a motor 1, a speed detection unit 2, a power supply unit 3, switches 4 a and 4 b, and a control unit 5. In FIG. 3, only the components necessary for explaining the features of the drive system are shown, and descriptions of general components are omitted.

  The speed detection unit 2 is a detection unit that detects the rotation speed of the motor 1. The rotational speed detected by the speed detection unit 2 is output to the control unit 5. For example, an encoder or a resolver can be used as the speed detection unit 2.

  The power supply unit 3 supplies driving power to the motor 1. The switch 4 a switches on / off of the energization state for the first winding 121 in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 5. The switch 4 b is a switch that switches on / off of the energization state of the second winding 122 in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 5.

  The control unit 5 is a control unit that switches the switching devices 4 a and 4 b based on the rotation speed of the motor 1 detected by the speed detection unit 2.

  Here, a processing procedure executed by the control unit 5 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure executed by the control unit 5. In FIG. 4, a processing procedure from when the control unit 5 acquires the rotation speed from the speed detection unit 2 to when the switching devices 4 a and 4 b are switched is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 5 acquires the rotational speed of the motor 1 from the speed detection unit 2 (step S101), and determines whether or not the current driving state of the motor 1 is a low-speed driving state ( Step S102). Specifically, the control unit 5 determines that the low-speed driving state is obtained when the acquired rotation speed is less than a predetermined threshold, and determines that the high-speed driving state is obtained when the acquired rotational speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined threshold.

  The control unit 5 stores, for example, a predetermined threshold value in advance in a storage unit (not shown), reads the predetermined threshold value from the storage unit, and compares it with the rotation speed acquired from the speed detection unit 2.

  When it determines with the present drive state of the motor 1 being a low speed drive state in this process (step S102, Yes), the control part 5 energizes the 1st coil | winding 121 and the 2nd coil | winding 122 ( Step S103). That is, the control unit 5 switches both the switch 4a and the switch 4b on, and ends the process.

  On the other hand, when the current drive state of the motor 1 is not the low-speed drive state (No at Step S102), that is, when it is the high-speed drive state, only the first winding 121 is energized (Step S104). . That is, the control unit 5 switches the switch 4a on, switches the switch 4b off, and ends the process.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the motor 1 is provided in the stator core 11 in which the plurality of slots 112 are formed along the circumferential direction and the slot 112 of the stator core 11, and the high-speed driving state and A first winding 121 used in both of the low-speed driving states and a second winding 122 provided in the slot 112 and used in the low-speed driving state are provided. The number of turns of the first winding 121 is the second winding 122. More than the number of turns. Therefore, compared with the case where the number of turns of the first winding and the number of turns of the second winding are the same, the space factor in the high-speed driving state is improved and the loss is reduced, so that the efficiency in the high-speed driving state is improved. be able to.

  In the first embodiment, the first winding 121 is provided in a region of the slot 112 farther from the rotor 20 than the second winding 122. Therefore, the heat dissipation effect of the heat generated in the stator winding 12 to the slot 112 can be enhanced.

  In the first embodiment described above, the first winding 121 is provided in the outer peripheral side region of the stator 10 in the slot 112 region, and the second winding 122 is provided in the inner peripheral side region. It was decided. However, the arrangement relationship between the first winding and the second winding is not limited to this.

  Hereinafter, another example of the arrangement relationship between the first winding and the second winding will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the stator according to the second embodiment. In the following description, the same parts as those already described are denoted by the same reference numerals as those already described, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the stator 10 a according to the second embodiment, unlike the stator 10 according to the first embodiment, the first winding 121 a used in both the high-speed driving state and the low-speed driving state includes the slot 112. Are provided for a region on the inner peripheral side of the stator 10a. Further, in the stator 10a, the second winding 122a used in the low-speed driving state is provided in the region on the outer peripheral side of the stator 10a in the region of the slot 112.

  That is, in Example 2, the first winding 121a having a larger number of turns is provided in a region where the distance between adjacent teeth 111 is short. Thereby, as compared with the case where the first winding 121 is provided for the outer peripheral side region of the stator 10 as in Example 1 and the second winding 122 is provided for the inner peripheral side region, Generation of leakage inductance can be suppressed. As in the first embodiment, the number of turns of the first winding 121a is larger than the number of turns of the second winding 122a.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, since the first winding 121a is provided in the region closer to the rotor 20 than the second winding 122a in the region of the slot 112, the generation of leakage inductance is reduced. can do.

  The first winding and the second winding may be provided in the same region of the slot 112. Hereinafter, an example of such a case will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the stator according to the third embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the stator 10b according to the third embodiment, unlike the stator 10 according to the first embodiment and the stator 10a according to the second embodiment, a first winding 121b and a second winding 122b are provided. , Provided in the same region of the slot 112.

  Specifically, for example, after winding the first winding 121b, the second winding 122b may be wound from above the first winding 121b. Not limited to this, the first winding 121b may be wound from above the second winding 122b after the second winding 122b is wound, or the first winding 121b and the second winding 122b may be wound. May be wound simultaneously.

  The first winding 121b and the second winding 122b are wound at different winding pitches so that the winding start position and winding end position are the same. However, the winding start position or winding end position of the first winding 121b is not necessarily the same position as the winding start position or winding end position of the second winding 122b. That is, the winding region of the first winding 121b and the winding region of the second winding 122b do not have to overlap completely, and a part of the winding region of the first winding 121b or the second winding 122b It only needs to overlap with a part of the other winding area.

  As described above, if the first winding 121b and the second winding 122b are provided in the same region of the slot 112, the first winding 121b and the second winding 122b are generated in the stator winding 12 like the stator 10 according to the first embodiment. The heat radiation effect to the heat slot 112 can be enhanced, and the occurrence of leakage inductance can be suppressed as in the stator 10a according to the second embodiment.

  In each of the embodiments described above, an example in which the rotating electrical machine disclosed in the present application is applied to a so-called inner rotor type motor as shown in FIG. 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The rotating electrical machine disclosed in the present application can also be applied to a so-called outer rotor type motor in which a rotor is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the stator. In addition, the rotating electrical machine disclosed in the present application is not limited to an electric motor such as a motor, but can also be applied to a generator.

  Further, in each of the embodiments described above, the case where the armature disclosed in the present application is a stator, that is, the case where the armature winding is provided on the stator side has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Instead, the armature disclosed in the present application may be a rotor.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which the first winding and the second winding are provided in the same slot has been described. However, the first winding and the second winding are as in the third embodiment. However, they may be provided in different slots, except when they are provided in the same region of the same slot. For example, the first winding and the second winding may be alternately provided for each slot.

  Further effects and modifications can be easily derived by those skilled in the art. Thus, the broader aspects of the present invention are not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described above. Accordingly, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor 2 Speed detection part 3 Power supply part 4a, 4b Switching device 5 Control part 10, 10a, 10b Stator 11 Stator core 12 Stator winding 20 Rotor 21 Rotor core 22 Permanent magnet 30 Shaft 111 Teeth 112 Slot 121 , 121a, 121b First winding 122, 122a, 122b Second winding

Claims (5)

An armature core having a plurality of slots formed along the circumferential direction;
A first armature winding provided in a slot of the armature core and used in both a first speed state and a second speed state that is slower than the first speed state;
A second armature winding provided in a slot of the armature core and used in the second speed state;
An armature for a rotating electrical machine, wherein the number of turns of the first armature winding is larger than the number of turns of the second armature winding.   2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the first armature winding is provided in a region farther from the field than the second armature winding in the slot region. Armature.   2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the first armature winding is provided in a region closer to the field than the second armature winding in the slot region. Armature.   2. The armature for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the first armature winding and the second armature winding are provided in the same region of the slot. A rotating electric machine having an armature and a field,
The armature is
An armature core having a plurality of slots formed along the circumferential direction;
A first armature winding provided in a slot of the armature core and used in both a first speed state and a second speed state that is slower than the first speed state;
A second armature winding provided in a slot of the armature core and used in the second speed state;
The rotating electrical machine characterized in that the number of turns of the first armature winding is larger than the number of turns of the second armature winding.

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