JP2012242500A - Infrared shielding film, method for manufacturing infrared shielding film and infrared shielding body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an infrared shielding film capable of maintaining a stable infrared shielding property, visible light transmittance, flexibility and transparency, and a method for manufacturing the same and an infrared shielding body equipped with the infrared shielding film.SOLUTION: There is provided an infrared shielding film having at least one of units, which comprises, on a substrate, a high refractive index layer containing any of a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component of a binder component and titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm and a low refractive index layer containing the other of the cellulose compound and the polyvinyl acetal resin as a binder component, in which difference in refractive index between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is 0.1 or more.

Description

  The present invention relates to an infrared shielding film, a method for producing an infrared shielding film, and an infrared shielding body.

  In recent years, interest in energy conservation measures has increased, and from the viewpoint of reducing the load on cooling equipment, there has been an increasing demand for infrared shielding films that can be attached to window glass of buildings and vehicles to block the transmission of solar heat rays. It is coming.

  As a method for forming an infrared shielding film, a dry film forming method such as a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method is mainly used for a laminated film having a structure in which a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer are alternately laminated. A method of forming the above has been proposed. However, the dry film forming method has problems such as a large vacuum apparatus used for forming, high manufacturing cost, difficult to enlarge, and limited to a heat-resistant material as a base material. Yes.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a laminated film prepared by laminating two or more types of polymer layers having different glass transition temperatures and refractive indexes. This document discloses a heat ray reflective film in which the refractive index difference between polymers varies with a change in temperature, so that the refractive index difference between the polymers fluctuates, and the infrared reflectance changes with temperature. In this technique, since the difference in refractive index between polymers is small, it is necessary to laminate 20 to 40 layers, and since the number of layers is large, it is difficult to reduce cost and increase the area. In addition, since polymers with different glass transition temperatures are laminated, there is a problem that in long-term use, deformation of the internal structure is induced by repeated temperature differences, and infrared shielding properties and visible light transmittance are liable to decrease. is there.

  Instead of the dry film forming method having the above-mentioned problems, the wet film forming method in which an infrared shielding film is formed by applying a solution has the advantage that the manufacturing cost is low and the area is relatively large. is there.

  For example, in Patent Document 2, a composition for forming a high refractive index coating film composed of titanium oxide, an ultraviolet curable binder, a thermosetting binder, and an organic solvent is applied onto a substrate by a wet coating method using a spin coater. A method of forming a transparent laminate by applying to a film is disclosed.

JP-A-6-11608 JP 2009-86659 A

  However, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, since an ultraviolet curable binder and a thermosetting binder are used, an unreacted binder (monomer) is cured by ultraviolet rays or heat after film formation. There was a tendency to be less flexible. Further, there is a problem that the unreacted binder (monomer) is decomposed with time and the coating is discolored.

  As mentioned above, the present condition is that what shows the stable film performance is not obtained until now.

  Then, this invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, The infrared shielding film which can maintain the infrared shielding property stable with time, visible light transmittance | permeability, also a softness | flexibility, and transparency. An object of the present invention is to provide an infrared shielding body provided with the manufacturing method and the infrared shielding film.

  The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in view of the above problems. As a result, it is surprisingly found that the above problem can be solved by an infrared shielding film in which the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer contain a specific resin as a main component, and the present invention is completed. It came to.

  That is, the above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configuration.

  1. On a base material, a high refractive index layer containing any one of a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component of a binder component and titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 4 to 100 nm, and cellulose as a main component of a binder component A low refractive index layer including the other of the compound or the polyvinyl acetal resin, and a refractive index difference between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is 0.1 or more. Infrared shielding film.

  2. 1. The cellulose compound is acetyl C3-6 acylcellulose. An infrared shielding film according to 1.

  3. 1. The surface of the titanium oxide fine particles is coated with oil. Or 2. An infrared shielding film according to 1.

  4). As a main component of the binder component, a coating liquid for a high refractive index layer containing any one of a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component of the binder component, titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm, and a solvent, and a binder component A step of applying to the substrate a coating solution for a low refractive index layer containing the other of the cellulose compound or the polyvinyl acetal resin and a solvent, and a step of drying the substrate on which the coating solution has been applied. Manufacturing method of infrared shielding film.

  5). 4. The above cellulose compound, wherein the cellulose compound is acetyl C3-6 acylcellulose. The manufacturing method of the infrared shielding film of description.

  6). 3. The high refractive layer coating solution and the low refractive layer coating solution are coated on a substrate by simultaneous multilayer coating. Or 5. The manufacturing method of the infrared shielding film of description.

  7). Above 1. ~ 3. 3. The infrared shielding film as described in any one of the above or 4. ~ 6. The infrared shielding body which provided the infrared shielding film obtained by the manufacturing method as described in any one of these on the at least one surface of a base | substrate.

  According to the present invention, an infrared shielding film capable of maintaining a stable infrared shielding property, visible light transmittance, flexibility, and transparency over time, a manufacturing method thereof, and an infrared shielding film thereof An infrared shielding body provided with can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.

  The present invention provides, on a base material, a high refractive index layer containing any one of a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component of a binder component, and titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 4 to 100 nm, and a binder component And a low refractive index layer containing the other of cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component, and the refractive index difference between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is 0. It is an infrared shielding film which is 1 or more. It has been found that an infrared shielding film excellent in infrared shielding property, visible light transmittance, flexibility and transparency can be realized even when used for a long period of time.

  That is, in the production of a conventional infrared shielding film, for example, polymers having different glass transition temperatures are laminated, but not only the number of layers has to be increased because the refractive index difference between the polymers is low, but also due to temperature changes. Since the expansion and contraction rates differ between polymers, internal deformation is likely to occur, and there was a problem with durability.

  In another conventional method, for example, a method of forming a high refractive index layer including an ultraviolet curable binder and metal oxide particles (for example, titanium oxide particles), the unreacted binder (monomer) is generated by ultraviolet rays or heat. Since it hardens | cured, it had the problem that a softness | flexibility was poor with time, and also the coating film discolored when an unreacted binder (monomer) decomposes | disassembles with time.

  As a result of diligent investigation, the inventor has suppressed internal deformation over time by a specific binder combination, and at the same time, since no reactive substance remains in the film, it maintains flexibility over time. In addition, an infrared shielding film capable of maintaining transparency can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, the component of the infrared shielding film of this invention, the form for implementing this invention, etc. are demonstrated in detail.

[Infrared shielding film]
The infrared shielding film of the present invention comprises a high refractive index layer comprising, on a base material, one of a cellulose compound and a polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component of a binder component, and titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle size of 4 to 100 nm. And a low refractive index layer containing the other of the cellulose compound or the polyvinyl acetal resin as the main component of the binder component, and the refraction of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer. One characteristic is that the rate difference is 0.1 or more. Furthermore, as an optical characteristic of the infrared shielding film of the present invention, the transmittance in the visible light region measured by JIS R3106-1998 is 50% or more, and the reflectance is 50% in the wavelength region of 900 nm to 1400 nm. It is preferable to have a region that exceeds.

  The infrared shielding film of the present invention may have a structure in which at least one unit composed of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer is laminated on a substrate. The upper limit of the total number is preferably 100 layers or less, that is, 50 units or less. Furthermore, by reducing the number of layers, productivity can be improved and a decrease in transparency due to scattering at the lamination interface can be suppressed. Therefore, the number of layers is more preferably 40 layers (20 units) or less, and more preferably 20 Layer (10 units) or less. In addition, the infrared shielding film of the present invention may have a configuration in which at least one of the above units is laminated, for example, a laminated film in which both the outermost layer and the lowermost layer of the laminated film are high refractive index layers or low refractive index layers. It may be a membrane.

  In general, in an infrared shielding film, it is preferable to design a large difference in refractive index between a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer from the viewpoint of increasing the infrared reflectance with a small number of layers. In the invention, in at least one of the units composed of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer, the difference in refractive index between the adjacent high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer is 0.1 or more. And preferably 0.3 or more, and more preferably 0.4 or more.

  The infrared shielding film of the present invention is characterized in that the difference in refractive index between the adjacent high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer is 0.1 or more. When each layer has a plurality of layers as described above, it is preferable that all refractive index layers satisfy the requirements defined in the present invention. However, the outermost layer and the lowermost layer may be configured outside the requirements defined in the present invention.

  The reflectance in a specific wavelength region is determined by the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers (high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer) and the number of layers, and the larger the refractive index difference, the same reflectance can be obtained with a smaller number of layers. . The refractive index difference and the required number of layers can be calculated using commercially available optical design software. For example, in order to obtain an infrared shielding ratio of 90% or more, if the refractive index difference is smaller than 0.1, it is necessary to laminate more than 100 layers, which not only lowers productivity but also scattering at the lamination interface. Increases and transparency decreases. From the viewpoint of improving reflectivity and reducing the number of layers, there is no upper limit to the difference in refractive index, but the limit is substantially about 1.40.

  In the present invention, the refractive indexes of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer can be determined according to the following method.

  A sample in which each refractive index layer for measuring the refractive index is applied as a single layer on a substrate is prepared, and the sample is cut into 10 cm × 10 cm, and then the refractive index is obtained according to the following method. Using a U-4000 type (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) as a spectrophotometer, the surface opposite to the measurement surface (back surface) of each sample is roughened, and then light absorption is performed with a black spray. Then, the reflection of light on the back surface is prevented, and the reflectance in the visible light region (400 nm to 700 nm) is measured at 25 points under the condition of regular reflection at 5 degrees to obtain an average value. Ask.

  The total thickness of the infrared shielding film of the present invention is preferably 12 to 315 μm, more preferably 15 to 200 μm, and still more preferably 20 to 100 μm. Thus, the infrared shielding film of the present invention can obtain a high infrared shielding rate with a thinner film thickness than the conventional infrared shielding film.

  The infrared shielding film of the present invention has a conductive layer, an antistatic layer, a gas barrier layer, an easy-adhesion layer (for the purpose of adding further functions under the base material or on the outermost surface layer opposite to the base material). Adhesive layer), antifouling layer, deodorant layer, droplet layer, slippery layer, hard coat layer, wear-resistant layer, antireflection layer, electromagnetic wave shielding layer, ultraviolet absorption layer, infrared absorption layer, printing layer, fluorescence emission Layer, hologram layer, release layer, adhesive layer, adhesive layer, infrared cut layer (metal layer, liquid crystal layer) other than the high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer of the present invention, colored layer (visible light absorbing layer), laminated glass It may have one or more functional layers such as an intermediate film layer used in the above.

[High refractive index layer and low refractive index layer]
Below, the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer which comprise the infrared shielding film of this invention are demonstrated.

  In the present invention, the high refractive index layer contains one of a cellulose compound and a polyvinyl acetal resin as the main component of the binder component, and the low refractive index layer contains the other of the cellulose compound and the polyvinyl acetal resin as the main component of the binder component. It is characterized by including. The high refractive index layer includes titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm.

  Here, the “main component” means that the ratio of the binder component constituting material to the total amount of 100 mass% is 50 mass% or more. The ratio of the main component (cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin) in the total amount of binder component constituents of 100% by mass is preferably 95% by mass or more, more preferably 98% by mass or more, and even more preferably 99%. It is at least mass%, most preferably 100 mass%.

  In this specification, the binder component means a polymer compound having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 300,000. The molecular weight of the polymer compound is preferably 1,000 to 200,000, more preferably 3,000 to 40,000. In the present specification, a value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is adopted as the weight average molecular weight.

  At this time, different main components of the binder component of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer must be used. For example, when the high refractive index layer contains a cellulose compound, the low refractive index The layer must contain a polyvinyl acetal resin. In the present invention, it is most preferable that each layer contains only a cellulose compound and only a polyvinyl acetal resin as a binder component in order to prevent a decrease in refractive index difference due to interfacial mixing during production. However, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, a part of the other may be mixed, or another polymer compound may be mixed as a binder component. The mixing ratio is preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, based on the total amount of the binder component. That is, when a cellulose compound and a polyvinyl acetal resin are used in combination in a certain layer (for example, a high refractive index layer), one of the total amount of the cellulose compound and the polyvinyl acetal (for example, a cellulose compound) is 99. It is preferable to contain 09-95 mass%. In that case, the other layer (for example, the low refractive index layer) preferably contains 99.09 to 95% by mass of the other (for example, polyvinyl acetal resin). In the present invention, it is preferable to use a polyvinyl acetal resin as the main component of the binder component of the high refractive index layer because the transparency can be further improved.

  In the infrared shielding film of the present invention, the preferable refractive index of the high refractive index layer is 1.80 to 2.50, more preferably 1.90 to 2.20. The low refractive index layer of the present invention preferably has a refractive index of 1.10 to 1.60, more preferably 1.30 to 1.55, and further preferably 1.30 to 1.50. preferable.

  The thickness per layer (thickness after drying) of the high refractive index layer of the present invention is preferably 20 to 800 nm, and more preferably 50 to 350 nm. In addition, the thickness (thickness after drying) of the low refractive index layer of the present invention is preferably 20 to 800 nm, and more preferably 50 to 350 nm.

[High refractive index layer]
Hereinafter, the components of the high refractive index layer of the present invention will be described.

    The high refractive index layer in the present invention is characterized by using only one of a cellulose compound and a polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component of the binder component. The high refractive index layer includes titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm.

<Titanium oxide fine particles>
The high refractive index layer of the present invention includes titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm.

  The content of the titanium oxide fine particles in the high refractive index layer is preferably 15 to 70% by mass, more preferably 20 to 65% by mass, based on the total mass (solid content) of the high refractive index layer. 30-60 mass% is further more preferable.

  The titanium oxide fine particles contained in the high refractive index layer of the present invention are preferably rutile (tetragonal) titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm. Furthermore, titanium oxide fine particles whose surfaces are coated with oil are more preferable because they can maintain the performance of infrared shielding and visible light transmission over time. In addition, the said average particle diameter means a volume average particle diameter.

  The average particle diameter of the titanium oxide fine particles used in the present invention is preferably 4 to 50 nm, and more preferably 4 to 30 nm. When the average particle size is 4 to 100 nm, the haze is small and the visible light transmittance is excellent. Titanium oxide particles having an average particle size exceeding 100 nm are not limited to those used in the high refractive index layer, not limited to the present invention.

  The average particle diameter here is a volume average particle diameter of primary particles or secondary particles dispersed in a medium, and can be measured by a laser diffraction / scattering method, a dynamic light scattering method, or the like.

  Specifically, the particles themselves or the particles appearing on the cross section or surface of the refractive index layer are observed with an electron microscope, and the particle diameters of 1,000 arbitrary particles are measured, and d1, d2,. .. In a group of metal oxide particles having n1, n2,..., Nk particles each having a particle size of dk, the volume average particle size when the volume per particle is vi The average particle diameter weighted by the volume represented by mv = {Σ (vi · di)} / {Σ (vi)} is calculated.

  Furthermore, the titanium oxide fine particles used in the present invention are preferably monodispersed. The monodispersion here means that the monodispersity obtained by the following formula is 40% or less. This monodispersity is more preferably 30% or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 20%.

(Method for producing titanium oxide fine particles)
As the titanium oxide fine particles used in the present invention, the surface of an aqueous titanium oxide sol having a pH of 1.0 to 3.0 and a positive zeta potential of the titanium particles can be hydrophobized and dispersed in an organic solvent. It is preferable to use what was made.

  Examples of a method for preparing an aqueous titanium oxide sol that can be used in the present invention include JP-A 63-17221, JP-A 7-819, JP-A 9-165218, and JP-A 11-43327. Reference can be made to the matters described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 63-17221, 7-819, 9-165218, 11-43327, and the like.

  In addition, as for other production methods of the titanium oxide fine particles used in the present invention, for example, “Titanium oxide—physical properties and applied technology” Manabu Seino p255-258 (2000), Gihodo Publishing Co., Ltd., or WO2007 / 039953 The method of the step (2) described in the paragraph numbers 0011 to 0023 can be referred to.

  In the production method according to the above step (2), titanium dioxide hydrate is treated with at least one basic compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides or alkaline earth metal hydroxides. After the step (1), the titanium dioxide dispersion obtained comprises a step (2) of treating with a carboxylic acid group-containing compound and an inorganic acid. In the present invention, an aqueous sol of titanium oxide having a pH adjusted to 1.0 to 3.0 with the inorganic acid obtained in the step (2) can be used.

  The surface of the water-based sol can be modified by treatment with a low molecular weight aliphatic compound having a group capable of interacting with the surface to make the surface hydrophobic.

  In order to modify the surface of the aqueous sol with an aliphatic compound, for example, the aqueous sol dispersion may be mixed and contacted with an aliphatic compound having a group capable of interacting with the surface of the aqueous sol.

  As a dispersion medium of the aqueous sol dispersion used here, water, alcohol, a mixed solvent of water and alcohol, or a mixed solvent of water or / and an organic solvent other than alcohol and the like is preferably used. Examples of the alcohol include methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol and the like. Organic solvents include toluene, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol Monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether and the like are preferably used.

  The low molecular compound that modifies the surface is not limited as long as it is an aliphatic compound having a group capable of interacting with the surface, and since it has a group capable of interacting with the surface, it is bonded to the surface by mixing. Or adsorb. For example, the compound which has a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a hydroxy group, a thiol group, an amino group etc. is mentioned. Specifically, acetic acid, propionic acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, arachidonic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, oleic acid , Glycolic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, glutaric acid, citric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, butanesulfonic acid, octanesulfonic acid, methanethiol, ethanethiol, butanethiol, propylamine, butylamine, hexylamine, dodecylamine, etc. However, compounds having a carboxyl group or an amino group are preferably used.

  As a use ratio of the titanium oxide fine particles and the low molecular weight compound, the mass ratio of the titanium oxide fine particles / low molecular weight compound is preferably 100/1 to 1/300, more preferably 10/1 to 1/100, and 5/1. More preferably, 1/50.

  By dispersing the fine particles obtained above in an organic solvent, a dispersion can be obtained. Here, as the organic solvent, an organic solvent having a boiling point of about 30 to 150 ° C., for example, methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and the like can be used.

(Production method of titanium oxide fine particles whose surface is coated with oil)
The titanium oxide fine particles whose surface is coated with oil in the present invention can be obtained by further dispersing together the dispersion liquid obtained above and oil. Since the surface of the titanium oxide fine particles is hydrophobized, it has an affinity for oil, and when mixed with oil, the oil is adsorbed and coated on the surface in an organic medium.

  The coating in the present invention preferably covers 80% or more of the surface of the titanium oxide fine particles, more preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 100%.

  This makes it possible to stably obtain a dispersion in which the surface of the titanium oxide fine particles is efficiently covered with oil.

  Here, as the oil, a high-boiling solvent that is substantially insoluble in water (solubility in water of 5% or less (25 ° C.)) and has a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of about 160 ° C. or higher, preferably 180 ° C. or higher is used. Examples of the high boiling point solvent include those described in US Pat. No. 2,322,027, such as phthalic acid alkyl esters (dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, etc.), phosphoric acid esters (triphenyl phosphate, tricres Diphosphate (dioctyl butyl phosphate), citrate (eg tributyl acetyl citrate), benzoate (eg octyl benzoate), alkylamide (eg diethyl lauryl amide), fatty acid esters (eg di Butoxyethyl succinate, diethyl azelate), trimesic acid esters (for example, tributyl trimesate) and polyorganosiloxane can be used. In particular, esters having a boiling point of 180 ° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure, particularly esters such as alkyl phthalates and phosphates are preferred.

  As a use ratio of titanium oxide fine particles and oil (high boiling point solvent), the mass ratio of titanium oxide fine particles / oil (high boiling point solvent) is preferably 10/1 to 1/10 (mass ratio), and 5/1 to 5/1. 1/5 is more preferable.

  As a disperser for preparing the dispersion, ultrasonic waves, a high-speed stirring type dissolver, a homomixer, a homoblender, a homogenizer, a manton gourin, a colloid mill, or the like can be used.

  By using titanium oxide fine particles coated with oil on the surface of the present invention, the stress is relaxed by the oil and the internal structure change of the film over time is suppressed, and the performance of infrared shielding and visible light transmission over time is improved. Presumed to be more stable.

  Even if the surface of the titanium oxide fine particles is modified and / or coated, the particle size is almost the same as the titanium oxide fine particles used, and the preferred particle size range is also the same.

<Binder component>
The high refractive index layer of the present invention contains one of a cellulose compound and a polyvinyl acetal resin as the main component of the binder component.

  In the high refractive index layer, the binder component is preferably 30 to 85 mass%, more preferably 35 to 80 mass%, and more preferably 40 to 70 mass% of the total mass (solid content) of the high refractive index layer. % Is more preferable.

  The binder component will be described below.

(1) Cellulose Compound In the present invention, the high refractive index layer can contain a cellulose compound as the main component of the binder component.

  The average degree of polymerization of the cellulose compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and is preferably 50 to 8000, more preferably 100 to 7000, and still more preferably 200 to 6000, for example.

  The cellulose compound used in the present invention is preferably an internally plasticized cellulose compound, and more preferably an internally plasticized cellulose compound with alcohol, carboxylic acid or isocyanate.

  Therefore, examples of the internally plasticized cellulose compound include cellulose ester, cellulose carbamate, and cellulose ether. Moreover, among these, since it is hard to be compatible with polyvinyl acetal resin, a cellulose ester and a cellulose ether are preferable and a cellulose ester is more preferable. Moreover, although these cellulose compounds can also be externally plasticized by using with a plasticizer, it is preferable to internally plasticize a cellulose compound. A cellulose compound may use these compounds individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

  The cellulose ester may be an organic acid ester or an inorganic acid ester.

  Examples of the organic acid ester include cellulose alkyl carboxylic acid ester and cellulose aromatic carboxylic acid ester. Cellulose alkylcarboxylates include cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose pentanoate, cellulose hexanoate, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate pentanoate, cellulose acetate hexa Cellulose C2-6 alkyl ester such as noate; C1-6 alkylcellulose C2-6 alkyl ester such as methylcellulose acetate and ethylcellulose acetate; C1-6 haloalkylcellulose such as dichloromethylcellulose acetate, trichloromethylcellulose propionate and trifluoromethylcellulose acetate C1-6 alkyl ester; etc. are mentioned. Examples of the cellulose aromatic carboxylic acid ester include cellulose C7-12 aromatic esters such as cellulose phthalate, cellulose benzoate, and cellulose-4-methylbenzoate.

  Examples of inorganic acid esters include cellulose phosphate and cellulose sulfate. The cellulose ester may be a mixed acid ester of an organic acid and an inorganic acid.

  Among these, as the cellulose ester, cellulose C2-6 alkyl ester is preferable, and acetyl C3-6 acyl cellulose such as cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate pentanoate, and cellulose acetate hexanoate is more preferable. preferable. Thereby, the transparency of the obtained infrared shielding film can be improved more.

  Examples of the cellulose carbamate include cellulose C1-6 alkyl carbamates such as cellulose ethyl carbamate; cellulose C6-12 aryl carbamates such as cellulose phenyl carbamate; C1-6 alkyl cellulose C1-6 alkyl carbamates such as ethyl cellulose propyl carbamate (cellulose ether carbamate). And C1-6 alkyl cellulose C6-12 aryl carbamates (cellulose ether carbamates) such as ethyl cellulose phenyl carbamate.

  Among these, as the cellulose carbamate, C1-6 alkyl cellulose C6-12 aryl carbamate (cellulose ether carbamate) such as ethyl cellulose phenyl carbamate is preferable.

  Examples of the cellulose ether include C1-10 alkyl celluloses such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, propyl cellulose, and pentyl cellulose; cyano C1-10 alkyl celluloses such as cyanoethyl cellulose and cyanopropyl cellulose; C6-12 aryl-C1 such as benzyl cellulose. -4 alkyl cellulose (aralkyl cellulose); and the like.

  Among these, as the cellulose ether, cyano C1-10 alkyl alcohols such as cyanoethyl cellulose and cyanopropyl cellulose are preferable.

  1-3 are preferable, as for the average substitution degree of a cellulose compound, 1.3-3 are more preferable, 1.5-3 are more preferable, and 2-3 are especially preferable. The ratio of acetyl group to C3-6 acyl group in acetyl C3-6 acylcellulose is, for example, preferably acetyl / C3-6 acyl (molar ratio) = 90 / 10-5 / 95, 70 / 30- 10/90 is more preferable, and 50/50 to 15/85 is more preferable.

  Plasticization of the cellulose compound includes (a) a method in which cellulose is reacted with a carboxylic acid, alcohol or isocyanate as a soft component, and, for example, a propyl group or a propionate group is introduced into the cellulose to be internally plasticized; (b) cellulose Examples include a method of adding a plasticizer to (cellulose compound) and external plasticizing, and (c) a method of combining these methods (a) and (b). The plasticizer used will be described later.

  As the cellulose compound used in the present invention, cellulose synthesized by a known method may be used, or a commercially available one may be used.

(2) Polyvinyl acetal resin The polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention is a polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

  The mass average molecular weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention is preferably 90,000 to 400,000, more preferably 90,000 to 370,000, and 90,000 to 340,000. More preferably. When the mass average molecular weight is in the above range, the viscosity of the coating solution for the high refractive index layer does not become too high during production, the coating property is good, and the performance of the obtained infrared shielding film is also good.

  In the present specification, the mass average molecular weight is measured in terms of polystyrene by solvent THF and differential refractometer detection using a GPC analyzer using columns of TSKgel GMHxL, TSKgel G4000HxL, and TSKgel G2000HxL (all manufactured by Tosoh Corporation). It is defined by the expressed molecular weight.

  Examples of the polyvinyl acetal resin include polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl ethanal, polyvinyl propanal, polyvinyl butyral (polyvinyl butanal), polyvinyl valeral, polyvinyl hexal, polyvinyl heptanal, polyvinyl 2-ethyl hexal, polyvinyl cyclohexal, polyvinyl glual. Tar, polyvinyl benzal, polyvinyl 2-methyl benzal, polyvinyl 3-methyl benzal, polyvinyl 4-methyl benzal, polyvinyl p-hydroxy benzal, polyvinyl m-hydroxy benzal, polyvinyl phenyl acetal, polyvinyl β-phenyl pro Panal and the like.

  Among these, resins acetalized with C1-5 aldehyde (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, valeraldehyde), that is, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl ethanal, polyvinyl propanal, polyvinyl butyral, and polyvinyl valeral are preferable. More preferred are resins acetalized with C2-4 aldehydes, that is, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl ethanal, polyvinyl propanal, and polyvinyl butyral. Moreover, you may use together 2 or more types of polyvinyl acetal resin as needed.

  The degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention is preferably 40 to 85 mol%, more preferably 55 to 80 mol%, and still more preferably 60 to 75 mol%. The degree of acetalization can be measured by an infrared absorption spectrum (IR) method. For example, it can be measured using FT-IR (HORIBA, Ltd., FREEEXACT-II, FT-720).

  The amount of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention is preferably 15 to 35 mol%. If the amount of hydroxyl groups is the said range, the adhesiveness with a cellulose compound and the softness | flexibility of the infrared shielding film obtained will be favorable.

  The polyvinyl acetal resin can be prepared by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde as described above. Polyvinyl alcohol is usually obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 80 to 99.8 mol% is generally used. Moreover, 200-4000 are preferable, as for the polymerization degree of polyvinyl alcohol, 500-3000 are more preferable, and 1000-2500 are more preferable. When the degree of polymerization is in the above range, the resulting infrared shielding film has good flexibility and durability.

  The aldehyde for acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol is not particularly limited. For example, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, amylaldehyde, hexylaldehyde, heptylaldehyde, 2-ethylhexylaldehyde, cyclohexylaldehyde, furfural, glyoxal, glutar Examples include aldehyde, benzaldehyde, 2-methylbenzaldehyde, 3-methylbenzaldehyde, 4-methylbenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, m-hydroxybenzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, β-phenylpropionaldehyde and the like. Among them, C1-5 aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, amylaldehyde) are preferable, and C2-4 aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde) are more preferable. These are preferably used alone or in combination.

  In this invention, what was obtained by the above-mentioned method may be used for a polyvinyl acetal resin, what is marketed may be used, and they may be used together. Representative examples of commercially available polyvinyl acetals include Denkabutyral 3000-1, 5000-A, 6000-C, 6000-CS (all trade names: manufactured by Electrochemical Co., Ltd.), ESREC BX-1, BX -5, KS-5 (both trade names: manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like.

(3) Other polymer compound In this invention, a high refractive index layer can also contain polymer compounds other than the cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin mentioned above as a binder component.

  Such a polymer compound is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the effects of the present invention. Examples thereof include polymers such as polyester and polyurethane, and polymers containing reactive functional groups such as polyacrylate. It is done. These polymer compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The polymer compound may be a synthetic product or a commercial product.

(Polymer having reactive functional group)
Examples of the polymer having a reactive functional group used in the present invention include modified polyvinyl alcohols (for example, those having a terminal modified with a cation, anion or nonion), polyurethanes, polyacrylic acid, and acrylic acid-acrylonitrile copolymer. , Acrylic resin such as potassium acrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer, vinyl acetate-acrylic ester copolymer, or acrylic acid-acrylic ester copolymer, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer, styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer Styrene acrylate resin such as coalescence, styrene-methacrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-α-methylstyrene-acrylic acid copolymer, or styrene-α-methylstyrene-acrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer , Styrene-styrene sulfone Sodium acrylate copolymer, styrene-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate-potassium styrene sulfonate copolymer, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, Vinyl acetates such as vinyl naphthalene-acrylic acid copolymer, vinyl naphthalene-maleic acid copolymer, vinyl acetate-maleic acid ester copolymer, vinyl acetate-crotonic acid copolymer, vinyl acetate-acrylic acid copolymer Copolymers and their salts are mentioned.

  The form of the copolymer when the polymer having the reactive functional group is a copolymer may be any of a block copolymer, a random copolymer, a graft copolymer, and an alternating copolymer. Good.

<Other additives>
Various additives can be used in the high refractive index layer of the present invention as necessary.

(1) Plasticizer Examples of the plasticizer used in the present invention include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, organic phosphate plasticizers, and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers. And the like, and the plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.

  The monobasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited. For example, glycols such as triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptylic acid, and n-octyl Examples thereof include glycol esters obtained by reaction with monobasic organic acids such as acid, 2-ethylhexyl acid, pelargonic acid (n-nonyl acid), and decyl acid. Among them, triethylene glycol dicaproate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-n-octylate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexyl ester, etc. Glycol dialkyl acid esters and the like are preferred.

  Although the said polybasic organic acid ester is not specifically limited, For example, ester compound of polybasic organic acid, such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, and the alcohol which has a C4-C8 linear or branched structure Is mentioned. Of these, dihexyl adipate, dibutyl sebacic acid ester, dioctyl azelaic acid ester, dibutyl carbitol adipic acid ester and the like are preferable.

  The organic ester plasticizer is not particularly limited, and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, triethylene glycol di-n. -Octanoate, triethylene glycol-di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate, tetraethylene glycol-di-n-heptanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene Glycol-di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol-di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol-di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol-di-2-ethylbutyrate, Jie Lenglycol-di-2-ethylhexanoate, dipropylene glycol-di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol-di-2-ethylpentanoate, tetraethylene glycol-di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol Dicapryate, triethylene glycol-di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol-di-n-heptanoate, triethylene glycol diheptanoate, tetraethylene glycol diheptanoate, dihexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, adipic acid Hexylcyclohexyl, a mixture of heptyl adipate and nonyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, heptylnonyl adipate, dibutyl sebacate, alkyd oil-modified sebacic acid, phosphate ester and adipine Mixtures of esters.

  The organophosphate plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and the like.

(2) Coating aid As the coating aid used in the present invention, for example, a siloxane-based surfactant can be used, and polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane is preferable. Specific examples of the polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane include polydimethylsiloxane modified with polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polybutylene oxide or a mixture thereof. These polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxanes can be obtained by appropriately changing the amount and mixing ratio of polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, or polybutylene oxide.

  These siloxane-based surfactants can be obtained as commercial products, such as BYK-302, BYK-306, BYK-307, BYK-320, BYK-323, BYK-330, BYK-331, manufactured by BYK Chemie. BYK-333, BYK-337, BYK-340, BYK-344, BYK-370, BYK-375, BYK-377, BYK-UV3500, Shin-Etsu Chemical KF-945, KF-352A, KF-640, KF- 351A, KF-354L, X-22-4272, X-22-6266, EFKA-3030, EFKA-3031, EFKA-3034, EFKA-3299, EFKA-3232, EFKA-3288, EFKA-3033, EFKA from EFKA -3035, EFKA-3580, EFKA- Such as 883, EFKA-3239, EFKA-3236, EFKA-3522 can be mentioned. The addition amount of the siloxane-based surfactant is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2.0% by mass, based on the solid content.

(3) Other Additives Various additives applicable to the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer according to the present invention are listed below (it can also be applied to the low refractive index layer described later). . For example, ultraviolet absorbers described in JP-A-57-74193, JP-A-57-87988, and JP-A-62-261476, JP-A-57-74192, and JP-A-57-87989. , JP-A-60-72785, JP-A-61-14659, JP-A-1-95091, JP-A-3-13376, etc. Nonionic surfactants, JP-A-59-42993, JP-A-59-52689, JP-A-62-280069, JP-A-61-228771, and JP-A-4-219266 PH brighteners, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, etc. Lubricants such as foaming agents, diethylene glycol, preservatives, antifungal agents, antistatic agents, matting agents, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, crystal nucleating agents, inorganic particles, organic particles, viscosity reducing agents, lubricants, Examples include various known additives such as infrared absorbers, dyes, and pigments.

[Low refractive index layer]
The low refractive index layer of the present invention contains the other of the cellulose compound or the polyvinyl acetal resin (that is, the one different from the main component of the binder component of the high refractive index layer) as the main component of the binder component.

  That is, the low refractive index layer of the present invention is characterized in that either a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin is used as the main component of the binder component, like the high refractive index layer. At this time, since the main component of the binder component of both layers must be different, the main component of the binder component of the low refractive index layer is different from the main component of the binder component of the high refractive index layer. Use it.

  In the low refractive index layer, the binder component is preferably 1 to 100% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 100% by mass, based on the total mass (solid content) of the low refractive index layer. Moreover, when a low-refractive-index layer contains a metal oxide particle, it is preferable that a binder component is 10-85 mass% of the low-refractive-index layer total mass (solid content mass), and is 20-60 mass%. Is more preferable.

  The cellulose compound, polyvinyl acetal resin, and other polymer compounds that can be included in the low refractive index layer of the present invention as a binder component are the same as those described for the high refractive index layer, and are therefore omitted. In addition, the low refractive index layer may contain those described in (1) Plasticizer, (2) Coating aid, and (3) Other additives as other additives.

  In the low refractive index layer, it is most preferable that the binder component is composed only of a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin to prevent a decrease in refractive index difference due to interfacial mixing during production. As long as the effects of the invention are not impaired, a part of the other may be mixed, or another polymer compound may be mixed. The mixing ratio is preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, based on the total amount of the binder component.

  Moreover, the low refractive index layer of the present invention preferably contains metal oxide particles. Silicon dioxide is preferably used as the metal oxide particles, and examples thereof include synthetic amorphous silica and colloidal silica. It is particularly preferable to use a colloidal silica sol dispersed in an organic solvent.

  In the present invention, silicon dioxide preferably has an average particle size of 3 to 100 nm. The average particle diameter of primary particles of silicon dioxide dispersed in a primary particle state (particle diameter in a dispersion state before coating) is more preferably 3 to 20 nm, and further preferably 4 to 10 nm. . Moreover, as an average particle diameter of secondary particle | grains, it is preferable from a viewpoint with few hazes and excellent visible light transmittance | permeability that it is 30 nm or less.

  The average particle diameter of the metal oxide particles used in the low refractive index layer of the present invention is determined by observing the particles themselves or the particles appearing on the cross section or surface of the refractive index layer with an electron microscope. The particle size is measured and determined as a simple average value (number average). Here, the particle diameter of each particle is represented by a diameter assuming a circle equal to the projected area.

  Particularly preferably used colloidal silica is obtained by heating and aging a silica sol obtained by metathesis of sodium silicate with an acid or the like or passing through an ion exchange resin layer. For example, JP-A-57-14091, JP-A-60-219083, JP-A-60-219084, JP-A-61-20792, JP-A-61-188183, JP-A-63-17807, JP-A-4-93284 JP-A-5-278324, JP-A-6-92011, JP-A-6-183134, JP-A-6-297830, JP-A-7-81214, JP-A-7-101142, JP-A-7-179029, JP-A-7-137431, pamphlet of International Publication No. 94/26530, etc. Those listed.

  Such colloidal silica may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.

  The surface of the colloidal silica may be cation-modified, or may be treated with Al, Ca, Mg, Ba or the like.

  The content of the metal oxide particles in the low refractive index layer of the present invention is preferably 15 to 90% by mass, more preferably 40 to 80% by mass, based on the total mass (solid content) of the low refractive index layer.

[Base material]
The substrate used in the infrared shielding film of the present invention is preferably a film support. The film support may be transparent or opaque, and various resin films can be used. Specific examples thereof include polyolefin films (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polyester films (polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.), polyvinyl chloride, cellulose triacetate, etc., preferably polyester films. Although it does not specifically limit as a polyester film (henceforth polyester), It is preferable that it is polyester which has the film formation property which has a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component as main structural components. The main constituent dicarboxylic acid components include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, diphenylethanedicarboxylic acid, Examples thereof include cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl thioether dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ketone dicarboxylic acid, and phenylindane dicarboxylic acid. Examples of the diol component include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) propane, bis ( 4-Hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bisphenol fluorene hydroxyethyl ether, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinone, cyclohexanediol and the like. Among the polyesters having these as main constituent components, from the viewpoint of transparency, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, etc., dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diol components such as ethylene glycol and 1 Polyester having 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol as the main constituent is preferred. Of these, polyesters mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, copolymer polyesters composed of terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and mixtures of two or more of these polyesters are mainly used. Polyester as a constituent component is preferable.

  The thickness of the substrate according to the present invention is preferably 10 to 300 μm, more preferably 20 to 150 μm. Two or more substrates may be stacked, and in this case, the types of the substrates may be the same or different.

[Infrared shielding film manufacturing method]
The infrared shielding film of the present invention is formed by laminating a unit composed of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer on a substrate. In the method for producing an infrared shielding film of the present invention, it is preferable that a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer are alternately applied and dried to form a laminate.

  That is, the infrared shielding film of the present invention includes, for example, high refraction including, as a main component of a binder component, one of a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin, titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm, and a solvent. The base layer is coated with a coating liquid for the refractive index layer, a coating liquid for the low refractive index layer containing the other of the cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin as the main component of the binder component, a solvent, and, if necessary, metal oxide particles. And a step of drying the substrate coated with the coating liquid.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the coating solution for the high refractive layer and the coating solution for the low refractive layer are applied to the substrate by simultaneous multilayer coating.

  More specifically, for example, (1) a high refractive index layer coating solution is applied on a substrate and dried to form a high refractive index layer, and then a low refractive index layer coating solution is applied and dried. A method of forming an infrared shielding film by forming a low refractive index layer (sequential coating); (2) A low refractive index layer was formed by applying a coating solution for a low refractive index layer on a substrate and drying it. Then, a method for forming a high refractive index layer by applying a coating solution for a high refractive index layer and drying to form an infrared shielding film (sequential coating); (3) coating for a high refractive index layer on a substrate (4) A method of forming an infrared shielding film including a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer by sequentially applying multiple layers of the liquid and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer and then drying (4) ) A high refractive index layer coating solution and a low refractive index layer coating solution are applied simultaneously and dried, and dried to provide an infrared shielding film including a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer. A method of forming a beam (simultaneous coating); and the like. Of these, the simultaneous multi-layer coating method ((4) above) is preferable because the flexibility of the film over time is stable.

  The coating method is not particularly limited, and for example, roll coating method, rod bar coating method, air knife coating method, spray coating method, slide curtain coating method, or U.S. Pat. No. 2,761,419, U.S. Pat. Examples thereof include a slide hopper (slide bead) coating method and an extrusion coating method described in Japanese Patent No. 2,761,791.

  In addition, as an application method for performing simultaneous multilayer coating, an extrusion coating method, a slide hopper (slide bead) coating method, and a slide curtain coating method are preferably used, but an extrusion coating method is more preferable.

  Hereinafter, the simultaneous multilayer coating method, which is a preferred production method (coating method) of the present invention, will be described in detail.

<Solvent>
The solvent for preparing the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited, but water, an organic solvent, or a mixed solvent thereof is preferable.

  Examples of the organic solvent include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and 1-butanol, esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethyl ether, Examples thereof include ethers such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, amides such as dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone, and ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetylacetone and cyclohexanone. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  From the viewpoint of environment and simplicity of operation, the solvent for the coating solution is particularly preferably water or a mixed solvent of water and methanol, ethanol, or ethyl acetate.

<Concentration of coating solution>
The concentration of the cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin in the coating solution for the high refractive index layer is preferably 1 to 10% by mass. Moreover, it is preferable that the density | concentration of the titanium oxide microparticles | fine-particles in the coating liquid for high refractive index layers is 1-50 mass%.

  It is preferable that the density | concentration of the cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin in the coating liquid for low refractive index layers is 1-10 mass%. Moreover, it is preferable that the density | concentration of the metal oxide particle in the coating liquid for low refractive index layers is 1-50 mass%.

  Further, coating is performed so that the content of each component (cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin, titanium oxide fine particles or metal oxide particles) of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is in the numerical range described in the column of each layer. It is preferable to add each component to the liquid.

<Method for preparing coating solution>
The method for preparing the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited. For example, the cellulose compound or the polyvinyl acetal resin, the titanium oxide fine particles or the metal oxide particles and, if necessary, are added. A method of adding other additives and stirring and mixing them may be mentioned. At this time, the order of addition of the cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin, titanium oxide fine particles or metal oxide particles and other additives added as needed is not particularly limited, and the respective components are added and mixed sequentially while stirring. Alternatively, they may be added and mixed at a time while stirring. If necessary, it is further adjusted to an appropriate viscosity using a solvent.

<Viscosity of coating liquid>
The viscosity at 25 ° C. of the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer when performing simultaneous multilayer coating by the slide hopper (slide bead) coating method is preferably in the range of 5 to 100 mPa · s. The range of 50 mPa · s is more preferable. Further, the viscosity at 25 ° C. of the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer when performing simultaneous multilayer coating by the slide curtain coating method is preferably in the range of 5 to 1200 mPa · s, and 25 to 500 mPa · s. -The range of s is more preferable. Further, the viscosity at 25 ° C. of the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer when performing simultaneous multilayer coating by the extrusion coating method is more preferably 100 to 10,000 mPa · s, and further preferably. 3,000 to 8,000 mPa · s.

<Application and drying method>
The coating and drying method is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to dry at 30 ° C. or higher after simultaneously applying a high refractive index layer coating solution and a low refractive index layer coating solution on a substrate. As a drying method, warm air drying, infrared drying, and microwave drying are used, but more preferable drying conditions are conditions in the range of a film surface temperature of 30 to 100 ° C. Further, drying in a multi-stage process is preferable to drying in a single process, and it is more preferable to set the temperature of the constant rate drying section <the temperature of the rate-decreasing drying section. In this case, the temperature range of the constant rate drying part is preferably 30 to 60 ° C., and the temperature range of the decreasing rate drying part is preferably 50 to 100 ° C.

  What is necessary is just to apply | coat so that the coating thickness of the coating liquid for high refractive index layers and the coating liquid for low refractive index layers may become the thickness at the time of preferable drying as shown above.

[Infrared shield]
The infrared shielding film of the present invention can be applied to a wide range of fields. For example, as a film for window pasting such as heat ray reflective film that gives heat ray reflection effect, film for agricultural greenhouses, etc. It is mainly used for the purpose of improving weather resistance.

  Especially the infrared shielding film which concerns on this invention is used suitably for the member bonded by base | substrates, such as glass or glass substitute resin, directly or through an adhesive agent.

  That is, this invention also provides the infrared shielding body which provided the infrared shielding film of this invention, or the infrared shielding film obtained by the manufacturing method of this invention in the at least one surface of the base | substrate.

  Specific examples of the substrate include, for example, glass, polycarbonate resin, polysulfone resin, acrylic resin, polyolefin resin, polyether resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, polysulfide resin, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, Examples thereof include phenol resin, diallyl phthalate resin, polyimide resin, urethane resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, styrene resin, vinyl chloride resin, metal plate, ceramic and the like. The type of the resin may be any of a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, and an ionizing radiation curable resin, and two or more of these may be used in combination. The substrate that can be used in the present invention can be produced by a known method such as extrusion molding, calendar molding, injection molding, hollow molding, compression molding and the like.

  The thickness of the substrate is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.1 mm to 5 cm.

  The adhesive layer or adhesive layer for bonding the infrared shielding film and the substrate of the present invention is preferably installed so that the infrared shielding film is on the sunlight (heat ray) incident surface side. Further, it is preferable to sandwich the infrared shielding film of the present invention between a window glass and a substrate because it can be sealed from surrounding gas such as moisture and has excellent durability. Even if the infrared shielding film of the present invention is installed outdoors or on the outside of a vehicle (for external application), it is preferable because of environmental durability.

  Examples of the adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive applicable to the present invention include an adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive mainly composed of a photocurable or thermosetting resin.

  The adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive preferably has durability against ultraviolet rays, and is preferably an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive or a silicone pressure-sensitive adhesive. Furthermore, an acrylic adhesive is preferable from the viewpoint of adhesive properties and cost. In particular, solvent-based and emulsion-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are preferable, and solvent-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are more preferable because the peel strength can be easily controlled. When a solution polymerization polymer is used as the solvent-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, known monomers can be used as the monomer.

  Moreover, you may use the polyvinyl butyral type resin used as an intermediate | middle layer of a laminated glass, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer type resin as said adhesive agent or adhesive. Specific examples thereof include, for example, plastic polyvinyl butyral (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Monsanto Co., Ltd.), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (manufactured by DuPont, manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, duramin), and modified ethylene-acetic acid. Vinyl copolymer (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, Mersen G). In the adhesive layer or the adhesive layer, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a heat stabilizer, a lubricant, a filler, a colorant, an adhesion (adhesion) adjusting agent, and the like may be appropriately added and blended.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated still in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples at all. In addition, although the display of "part" or "%" is used in an Example, unless otherwise indicated, "mass part" or "mass%" is represented.

Example 1
<Preparation of titanium oxide fine particle dispersion>
(Preparation of titanium oxide fine particle dispersion 1)
While stirring 60 g of 20 mass% titanium oxide particle sol (volume average particle diameter 35 nm, rutile type titanium oxide particles), 100 g of propionic acid was added little by little. After the precipitated solid was washed with ethyl acetate, 135 g of a mixed liquid of n-butanol and toluene (1: 1) was added and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion. While stirring the obtained dispersion, 50 g of n-propylamine was added little by little. The precipitated solid was washed with n-butanol, and then 40 g of ethyl acetate was added and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a dispersion. The obtained dispersion was 12% by mass.

(Preparation of titanium oxide fine particle dispersion 2)
To dispersion 1 obtained above, 10 g of ethyl acetate and 2 g of tricresyl phosphate were further added and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion to obtain dispersion 2. The obtained dispersion was 10% by mass.

(Preparation of metal oxide particle dispersion 3)
A 10% by mass dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion 2 except that tricresyl phosphate was changed to dioctyl phthalate.

<Preparation of infrared shielding film>
(Example 1-1)
[Preparation of Sample 1]
(Preparation of high refractive index layer coating solution 1)
The following additives (1) to (4) were added and mixed in this order to prepare a high refractive index layer coating solution 1. Hereinafter, methyl ethyl ketone was described as “MEK”. Further, the following surfactant means “BYK-337 (siloxane-based surfactant, manufactured by BYK Chemie)”.
(1) Titanium oxide fine particle dispersion 1 120 g
(2) Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) 150g
(3) 5.0 mass% ethylcellulose phenylcarbamate MEK solution 200 g
(4) 5.0% by weight surfactant MEK solution 0.40 g
(Preparation of low refractive index layer coating solution 1)
The following additives (1) to (4) were added and mixed in this order to prepare a low refractive index layer coating solution 1.
(1) 68% by mass colloidal silica 68 g
(2) MEK 240g
(3) 5.0% by mass polyvinyl formal MEK solution 200 g
(4) 5.0% by weight surfactant MEK solution 0.60 g
(Formation of laminate)
(Formation of high refractive index layer 1)
The prepared coating solution 1 for the high refractive index layer is applied on a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 50 μm under the condition that the dry film thickness is 135 nm, and dried by blowing hot air at 100 ° C. Thus, the high refractive index layer 1 was formed.

<Formation of low refractive index layer 1>
Next, the coating solution 1 for the low refractive index layer is applied on the high refractive index layer 1 of the polyethylene terephthalate film using a wire bar under the condition that the dry film thickness is 175 nm, and then hot air at 100 ° C. is applied. The low refractive index layer 1 was formed by spraying and drying.

(Preparation of infrared shielding film)
On the low refractive index layer 1 formed as above, five units composed of the high refractive index layer 1 / low refractive index layer 1 are laminated in the same manner, and each of the six high refractive index layers and the low refractive index layer is laminated. Sample 1 which is an infrared shielding film composed of (total 12 layers) was produced. The film thickness of Sample 1 was 51.9 μm.

(Examples 1-2 to 1-7)
[Preparation of Samples 2 to 7]
Samples 2 to 7 were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of Sample 1, except that the binders of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer were changed to those shown in Table 1.

(Example 1-8)
[Preparation of Sample 8]
Sample 8 was prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of Sample 7, except that the binders of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer were replaced.

(Examples 1-9 to 1-10)
[Preparation of Samples 9 and 10]
Samples 9 and 10 were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of Sample 8, except that the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion 1 was changed to the titanium oxide fine particle dispersions 2 and 3.

(Examples 1-11 to 1-12)
[Preparation of Samples 11 and 12]
In the preparation of Samples 8 and 9, the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer were alternately extruded and coated by 6 layers at the same time by the extrusion coating method, and dried to prepare Samples 11 and 12. did.

(Comparative Example 1-13)
[Preparation of Sample 13]
Sample 13 was prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of Sample 3, except that the binder of the low refractive index layer was changed to the same cellulose acetate butyrate as that of the high refractive index layer.

(Comparative Example 1-14)
[Preparation of Sample 14]
In accordance with Example 1 of JP-A-6-11608, a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer were alternately laminated to prepare Sample 14.

  Created as follows.

  The high refractive index polymer layer and the low refractive index polymer layer were selected as follows.

High refractive index polymer layer: polyacrylic acid n = 1.527 (20 ° C.)
・ Tg = 106 ℃
Low refractive index polymer layer: polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate n = 1.512 (20 ° C.)
・ Tg = 55 ℃
This is 0.15 μm (900 nm reflection), 0.165 μm (1000 nm reflection), 0.182 μm (1100 nm reflection), 0.199 μm (1200 nm reflection), 0.215 μm (1300 nm reflection), 0.232 μm (1400 nm reflection). Sample 14 was prepared by alternately stacking 50 high refractive index polymer layers and low refractive index polymer layers, each having a thickness of 0.248 μm (1500 nm reflection).

(Comparative Example 1-15)
[Preparation of Sample 15]
According to Example 1 and Example 2 of JP-A-2009-86659, a sample 15 was prepared by alternately laminating six high refractive index layers and six low refractive index layers on a PET base.

  Created as follows.

(Preparation of dispersion A)
109 parts by weight of rutile titanium oxide (“TTO-55A” manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., particle size 30-50 nm, surface treatment product of aluminum hydroxide, refractive index 2.6) as inorganic particles, polyethyleneimine block as dispersant After 11 parts by weight of the polymer and 180 parts by weight of polypropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were dispersed for 24 minutes with a bead mill disperser using 141 parts by weight of zirconia beads having a diameter of 0.5 mm, Dispersion A was obtained by switching to zirconia beads having a diameter of 0.1 mm and dispersing for 147 minutes with a bead mill disperser.

(Preparation of solution A)
50% by mass of 4,4′-bis (β-methacryloyloxyethylthio) diphenylsulfone (refractive index of 1.65 after curing) as a binder resin (binder component), and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl as a polymerization initiator A PGMEA solution containing 0.25% by mass of diphenylphosphine oxide was prepared as Solution A.

(Preparation of solution B)
A liquid mixture having a mass mixing ratio 1: 7 of the dispersion A and the solution A was prepared as a solution B.

(Preparation of solution C)
A mixed solution having a weight mixing ratio of Solution B and PGMEA of 1: 2 was prepared as Solution C.

(Creation of high refractive index layer A)
2 mL of the solution C was dropped on a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 50 μm, applied with a spin coater (1H-D7 manufactured by Mikasa Co., Ltd.) at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds, and then heated at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes. Then, the high refractive index layer A was obtained by irradiating the ultraviolet-ray of the integrated light quantity 2.8J / cm < ² > using the electrodeless mercury lamp (made by Fusion UV Systems) of an output 184W / cm. The film thickness was about 134 nm.

  After surface modification of the high refractive index layer A by corona discharge treatment (corona discharge surface modification device manufactured by Shinko Electric Instrument Co., Ltd.), 2 mL of an aqueous solution of 1% by mass of hydroxyethyl cellulose (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is dropped. The coating was allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 minute and then applied under spin coating conditions of 500 rpm for 30 seconds. Immediately after coating, the sample was immediately placed on a hot plate (HPD-3000 manufactured by AS ONE Co., Ltd.) at 80 ° C. and heated for 10 minutes to laminate the low refractive index layer on the high refractive index layer A.

  Further, Sample 15 was fabricated by alternately laminating five high refractive index layers and five low refractive index layers in the same manner.

<Evaluation of infrared shielding film>
About each produced said infrared shielding film, the following characteristic value measurement and performance evaluation were performed.

(Measurement of refractive index of each layer)
Samples each having a single layer applied to the target layer (high refractive index layer, low refractive index layer) for measuring the refractive index on the substrate are prepared, and according to the following method, each of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer The refractive index was determined.

  Using a U-4000 type (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) as a spectrophotometer, the back side on the measurement side of each sample is roughened, and then light absorption is performed with a black spray to reflect light on the back side. The refractive index was determined from the measurement result of the reflectance in the visible light region (400 nm to 700 nm) under the condition of regular reflection at 5 degrees and shown in Table 1.

(Aging deterioration condition)
The following temperature cycle was used as conditions for age.

・ Temperature: Low temperature -20 ℃ High temperature + 55 ℃
・ Time: Each upper and lower limit 10 minutes or more, 1 cycle 3 hours ・ Temperature change rate: 100 ° C./hr.
・ Number of cycles: 90
・ Wind speed: 2m / s
(Measurement of visible light transmittance and infrared transmittance)
About each said infrared shielding film produced, each infrared shielding film was used using the spectrophotometer (integral sphere use, Hitachi Ltd. make, U-4000 type) used by refractive index measurement after processing on the above-mentioned deterioration conditions. The transmittance in the region of 300 nm to 2000 nm was measured. The visible light transmittance was a transmittance value at 550 nm, and the infrared transmittance was a transmittance value at 1200 nm.

(Evaluation of flexibility)
About each produced said infrared shielding film, after processing on the said deterioration conditions, based on the bending test method based on JISK5600-5-1, the bending tester type 1 (Imoto Seisakusho make, model IMC-AOF2, mandrel) After conducting a bending test 1000 times using a diameter φ of 20 mm, the surface of the infrared shielding film was visually observed, and the flexibility was evaluated according to the following criteria.

◎: No folding marks or cracks are observed on the surface of the infrared shielding film. ○: Slight bending marks are observed on the surface of the infrared shielding film. △: Slight cracks are observed on the surface of the infrared shielding film. ×: Many obvious cracks occur on the surface of the infrared shielding film (evaluation of transparency)
About each produced infrared shielding film, the metal halide lamp type weathering tester (M6T made by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) was irradiated with light having an irradiance of 1 kW / m ² for 100 hours, and the colored state after irradiation was visually observed. Evaluated according to the criteria ◎: No coloring was observed ○: Almost no coloring was observed Δ: Slight coloring was observed ×: Clear coloring was observed Table 1 shows the measurement results and evaluation results obtained as described above. Shown in

  As is clear from the results in Table 1, the infrared shielding film of the present invention is excellent in infrared reflectivity (infrared shielding property), visible light transmittance, film flexibility and transparency even in long-term use. I understand that.

(Example 2)
[Preparation of Infrared Reflectors 1-12]
Infrared shielding bodies 1 to 12 were produced using the infrared shielding films of Samples 1 to 12 produced in Example 1. Infrared shielding bodies 1 to 12 were prepared by bonding the infrared shielding films of Samples 1 to 12 with an acrylic adhesive on a transparent acrylic resin plate having a thickness of 5 mm and 20 cm × 20 cm, respectively.

[Evaluation]
The infrared shields 1 to 12 of the present invention produced above can be easily used despite the large size of the infrared shield, and by using the infrared shield film of the present invention, Excellent infrared shielding properties could be confirmed.

Claims (7)

On the substrate
A high refractive index layer containing, as a main component of the binder component, one of a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin, and titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm,
A low refractive index layer containing the other of the cellulose compound or polyvinyl acetal resin as the main component of the binder component;
Having at least one unit consisting of
The infrared shielding film whose refractive index difference of the said high refractive index layer and the said low refractive index layer is 0.1 or more.   The infrared shielding film according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose compound is acetyl C3-6 acylcellulose.   The infrared shielding film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a surface of the titanium oxide fine particles is coated with oil. A coating solution for a high refractive index layer, which contains any one of a cellulose compound or a polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component of a binder component, titanium oxide fine particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 100 nm, and a solvent;
A coating solution for a low refractive index layer containing the other of the cellulose compound or the polyvinyl acetal resin as a main component of the binder component, and a solvent;
Applying to the substrate,
Drying the base material coated with the coating liquid;
The manufacturing method of the infrared shielding film containing this.   The manufacturing method of the infrared shielding film of Claim 4 whose said cellulose compound is acetyl C3-6 acylcellulose.   The manufacturing method of the infrared shielding film of Claim 4 or 5 which apply | coats the said coating liquid for high refractive layers, and the said coating liquid for low refractive layers to a base material by simultaneous multilayer coating.   The infrared shielding film according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the infrared shielding film obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 4 to 6 is provided on at least one surface of a substrate. Infrared shield provided.