JP2012240084A - Pipe material manufacturing device, pipe material manufacturing method, and pipe material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pipe material manufacturing device that can carry out extrusion with a high extrusion force by a simple mechanism and can make the torsion angle of a spiral shaped protruding part formed on the inside surface of a pipe larger and also to provide a pipe material manufacturing method and pipe material.SOLUTION: A pipe material manufacturing device 10 is provided with a die 16, which is provided on the extrusion direction F side of a billet 12 and in which a through-hole 22 is formed, and an insertion part 34, which passes through the through-hole 22 so that the tip of which extends more on the extrusion direction side than the through-hole 22. The insertion part 34 is provided on a floating die 30 placed inside a billet accommodating space S, and a gap is formed between the inner circumference of the through-hole 22 and the outer circumference of the insertion part 34. A spiral groove 40 is formed in the side surface side of the insertion part 34, and when a pipe material P formed by the billet 12 being extruded from this gap is formed, a spiral shaped protruding part is formed on the inside surface side of the pipe material.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pipe material manufacturing apparatus, a pipe material manufacturing method, and a pipe material that are particularly suitable for manufacturing a pipe material through which a heat medium flows.

  Generally, in a heat exchanger, a spiral groove is provided on the inside of a tube in order to increase the heat exchange rate between the heat medium and the pipe material through which the heat medium flows. Such a tube with an inner spiral groove is superior in heat exchange performance as compared with a tube material having a straight groove. As the material of the tube material, copper is usually selected, and the tube material is manufactured by drawing the tube material or electro-sealing a grooved flat plate (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4 and Non-Patent Document 1).

  By the way, copper has a high specific gravity and is expensive. On the other hand, since aluminum has a low specific gravity and a low price, if it is possible to manufacture a tube with an inner spiral groove, there is a great industrial advantage. For example, Non-Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 5 disclose the use of a plug that self-rotates in the circumferential direction in order to form a spiral groove on the inner surface of the tube.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-166085 JP-A-10-166034 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-166036 JP-A-10-166086 JP 2009-220153 A

Furukawa Electric Times, No. 120 (September 2007), pp93-94 Norio Takamine and 5 others, Plasticity and processing, vol.49,578, (2008), pp58-62

  However, when the plug disclosed in Non-Patent Document 2 or Patent Document 5 is used, it is necessary to keep the plug in the axial direction in a state where the plug can be self-rotated during extrusion. For this reason, when a high force is applied to the plug in the push-out direction, there is a concern that the mechanism for holding the plug so as to be able to rotate in a self-supporting manner may be damaged. Yes.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can be extruded with a simple mechanism with a high extrusion force, and the helix angle of the spiral projection formed on the inner surface of the tube can be increased. An object is to provide a pipe material manufacturing apparatus, a pipe material manufacturing method, and a pipe material.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is provided on the side of the billet in the extrusion direction and has a die in which a through hole is formed, and the tip extends beyond the through hole in the extrusion direction. An insertion member that passes through the through hole and forms a gap with the die, and the side surface of the insertion member is spirally formed on the inner surface side of the tube material when the tube material is extruded from the gap. A groove for forming a convex portion is formed.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a plurality of spiral grooves are formed as the grooves.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the insertion member is provided with a floating die that integrally has an insertion portion for inserting the through hole.

  The invention according to claim 4 further includes winding means for winding up the tube material pushed out from the gap, and the winding means includes a winding drum that winds up the tube material, and the winding drum as a drum shaft. And a biaxial rotation mechanism that rotates around an axis orthogonal to the drum axis at the same rotation speed as that of the tube material while rotating around.

  The invention according to claim 5 further includes a correction means for correcting the diameter of the tube material pushed out from the gap, and the correction means corrects the outer diameter of the tube material by allowing the tube material to pass therethrough. And a holding mechanism for holding the correction die so as to be rotatable about the central axis of the correction through-hole.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the pipe material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 is used, and the billet is heated and extruded from the gap to form a tube material having the convex portion on the inner surface side.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the convex portion is formed on the inner surface side of the tube material by extrusion molding with the tube material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, even when a high pressing force is applied to the insertion member, the possibility that the insertion member is damaged is significantly low. Therefore, it is possible to increase the twist angle of the groove portion of the insertion member so that the twist angle of the spiral convex portion is increased, and it is possible to manufacture a tube material with an increased heat transfer coefficient by extrusion molding. .

  According to the invention of claim 2, a plurality of spiral convex portions can be formed.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily manufacture a tube material in which a convex portion having a set twist angle is formed on the inner surface side using a floating die having a simple structure.

  According to the invention of claim 4, since it is not necessary to twist the tube material in the reverse direction when winding the tube material pushed out from the gap, it is possible to avoid a reduction in the twist angle of the convex portion during winding. .

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, even if the unevenness | corrugation which is not intended is formed in the outer shape of a pipe material after being extruded from a clearance gap, it is possible to correct this outer shape.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, the pipe material which enlarged the helix angle of the helical convex part and improved the heat transfer rate can be easily manufactured by extrusion molding.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 7, it can be set as the pipe material which increased the heat transfer rate by enlarging the helix angle of a helical convex part with the pipe material manufactured by extrusion molding.

It is front sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pipe material manufacturing apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the floating die which comprises the pipe material manufacturing apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. 1 (illustration of a pipe material is abbreviate | omitted). It is a perspective sectional view of the pipe material manufactured by a 1st embodiment. It is a fragmentary top view which shows another example of the pipe material manufactured by 1st Embodiment. It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the winding apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the correction apparatus of 3rd Embodiment. In the correction apparatus of 3rd Embodiment, (A) is a side view, (b) is front sectional drawing. It is the graph obtained by the experiment example. (A) is side surface sectional drawing of the pipe material P manufactured by the experiment example, (b) is a cross-sectional perspective view of the pipe material P manufactured by the experiment example.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic and dimensional ratios and the like are different from actual ones. Accordingly, specific dimensional ratios and the like should be determined in consideration of the following description. Moreover, it is a matter of course that portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios are included between the drawings.

  Further, the following embodiments exemplify apparatuses and methods for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention include the material, shape, structure, The layout is not specified as follows. The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the scope of the invention.

  In the second and subsequent embodiments, the same components as those already described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

[First Embodiment]
First, the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a pipe material manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a floating die constituting the pipe material manufacturing apparatus. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. In FIG. 3, the pipe material is omitted for convenience of explanation.

  A pipe manufacturing apparatus (extrusion molding apparatus) 10 described in the present embodiment includes a container 14 capable of heating a billet 12 for extrusion molding accommodated therein, a die 16 provided on the side of the container 14 in the extrusion direction, and a container 14. A dummy block 18 that comes into contact with the billet 12 accommodated in the billet accommodating space S from above and a ram 20 that presses the dummy block 18 toward the F side (die side). The billet accommodation space S has a cylindrical inner space shape.

  In the center of the die 16, a concave portion 20 that forms a cylindrical space in the direction opposite to the extrusion direction F (upward in FIG. 1) from the extrusion direction end of the die 16 along the die center axis C, and the concave portion 20. And a through-hole 22 in the form of a hole that allows the billet accommodating space S to communicate with each other. The central axis of the through hole 22 and the central axis of the billet accommodating space S are the same as the die central axis C. The inner diameter of the recess 20 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the through hole 22 so as not to prevent the tube material P pushed out from the gap 24 described later from being pushed out smoothly.

  Moreover, the pipe material manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a floating die 30 placed in the container 14. The floating die 30 includes a main body portion 32 and an insertion portion 34 that extends from the center of the main body portion 32 to the pushing direction side (hereinafter referred to as F side). The main body 32 has a disk shape, and a plurality of billet flow holes 36 are formed in the main body 32 so as to be evenly arranged around the central axis. The position of the floating die 30 is a preset position.

  The insertion portion 34 has a columnar shape, and the through hole 22 is inserted so that the tip 34T extends to the F side (lower side in FIG. 1) from the through hole 22. And the insertion part 34 has the groove part 38 in the side surface side (outer peripheral side) while forming the clearance gap 24 between the dice | dies 16. FIG. When the pipe material P (see FIGS. 1 and 4) formed by the billet 12 in the container 14 being pushed out from the gap 24 is formed, a spiral convex portion 42 (see FIG. 4) is formed on the inner surface side of the pipe material. As described above, a plurality of spiral grooves 40 (spiral grooves) are formed in the groove portion 38.

  The twist angle θ (see FIG. 2) of the spiral groove 40 is preferably in the range of 10 to 40 °, and more preferably 15 ° or more. If it is less than 10 °, the heat transfer coefficient between the pipe P and the heat medium flowing in the pipe P is not so high.

  In the present embodiment, the gap G of the gap 24, that is, the gap G between the outer periphery of the insertion portion 34 and the inner periphery of the through hole 22 is set according to the thickness of the tube material P manufactured by extrusion molding. Further, the extension length L of the insertion portion 34 from the F-side edge 22E (see FIGS. 1 and 3) of the through hole 22 and the axial length (F direction length) M of the through hole 22 are as follows. , The material and temperature of the billet 12, the gap G of the gap 24, the pressing force of the ram 20, the twist angle θ of the spiral groove 40, the twist angle α of the convex portion 42 (see FIGS. 10 and 11), etc. Yes.

(Function, effect)
Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the present embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, an example in which aluminum is used as a billet will be described. However, other than aluminum can be applied.

  First, the floating die 30 is placed at a set position in the container 14, and the billet 12 is placed in the container 14 and heated to a predetermined temperature. When aluminum is used as the billet 12, heating to about 500 ° C. is preferable from the viewpoint of extrusion molding.

  Then, with the billet 12 at a predetermined temperature, a pressing force in the pushing direction is applied to the ram 20. As a result, the billet 12 is plastically deformed, passes through the billet flow hole 36, flows to the F side of the main body 32, and reaches the gap 24. Then, it is plastically deformed and extruded from the gap 24 as a tube material P as shown in FIG. At that time, a spiral convex portion 42 is formed on the inner surface side (inner peripheral side) of the tube material P by the spiral groove 40. The twist angle α of the convex portion 42 is mainly determined by the twist angle θ of the spiral groove 40.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the floating die 30 is an integral object, and no floating die portion that moves relative to the main body portion 32 is formed. Therefore, even if a high pressing force is applied to the insertion portion 34, the possibility that the insertion portion 34 is damaged is greatly reduced compared to the conventional case. Therefore, it becomes possible to greatly increase the twist angle θ of the spiral groove 40 so that the twist angle α of the convex portion 42 is significantly larger than the conventional one. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the tube material P having a significantly increased heat transfer coefficient by a heat exchanger or the like by extrusion molding. Moreover, the diameter of the insertion part 34 and the through-hole 22 can be made small, and the pipe material P with a small internal diameter can be shape | molded easily.

  Further, by using aluminum as the billet 12, extrusion molding is easy and the tube material P can be reduced in weight.

  Further, by forming a plurality of spiral grooves 40 on the side surface side of the insertion portion 34, a plurality of spiral convex portions 42 can be formed.

  Further, it is possible to easily manufacture the pipe member P having the convex portion 42 having the set twist angle α on the inner surface side by using the floating die 30 having a simple structure.

  In the present embodiment, the drawing direction F of the billet 12 from the container 14 is drawn downward, but in the present invention, the pushing direction is not limited to the downward direction. It is possible to extrude in the horizontal direction or obliquely downward, and further to extrude upward to form a tube material.

  Moreover, the pipe material P is not limited to a circular tube shape, and may be a square shape, for example. In this case, the insertion part 34 is formed in a prismatic shape, and a groove part is formed on the side surface side.

  Moreover, although this embodiment demonstrated the example which the penetration part 34 of the floating die 30 penetrates the through-hole 22 as an insertion member which penetrates the through-hole 22 of the die | dye 16, this invention is not limited to this, An insertion member As an alternative, it may be inserted using another member such as a mandrel.

  In the present embodiment, the spiral groove 40 is formed in the insertion portion 34 as a groove. However, the groove is not limited to the spiral groove 40 as long as the spiral convex portion 42 can be formed. Other groove shapes are possible.

  In the present embodiment, the example in which the concave portion 20 is formed in the center of the die 16 and the through hole 22 having a smaller diameter than the concave portion 20 is formed has been described. However, a configuration in which the concave portion 20 is not particularly provided is possible. If the insertion part 34 extends from the edge 22E on the F side of the through hole 22, the effect of the present embodiment is achieved.

  FIG. 4 shows an example in which eight spiral convex portions 42 are formed. In FIG. 2, eight spiral grooves 40 are formed in the insertion portion 34 so that the convex portions 42 can be formed. However, the number of protrusions and spiral grooves is not particularly limited, and more protrusions may be formed by forming more (for example, 24) spiral grooves 41 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, even if the number of convex portions is smaller (for example, one), these effects are achieved by forming the convex portions.

  It is also possible to manufacture a plastic tube having a spiral groove on the inner surface side by plastic extrusion rather than extrusion of the aluminum billet 12.

  In addition, by forming a spiral groove in the hole wall of the through hole 22, it is possible to form a spiral convex portion on the outer peripheral side of the tube material P.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. Compared with the first embodiment, the pipe material manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment further includes a winding device 50 as shown in FIG. 6 for the pipe material P extruded from the pipe material manufacturing apparatus 10. In the following description, the pipe material manufacturing apparatus 10 is arranged in the horizontal direction, the pipe material P is pushed out from the gap 24 in the horizontal direction, and this pipe material P is linearly guided to the winding device 50 and wound up. .

  The winding device 50 includes a winding drum 52 that winds up the tube material P, and an orthogonal shaft 52Y that is orthogonal to the drum shaft 52X and faces the through hole 22 while rotating the winding drum 52 around the drum shaft 52X. And a biaxial rotation mechanism 54 for rotating the take-up drum 52 around the axis.

  The biaxial rotation mechanism 54 includes a rotary body 56 that is in the shape of a ring and is held so as to be rotatable about its central axis, and a drive roller 58 that applies a rotational force to the rotary body 56. The drive roller 58 is in contact with the outer periphery of the rotator 56, and the rotational force from the drive roller 58 is transmitted to the rotator 56 by the frictional force between the drive roller 58 and the rotator 56. The rotating body 56 is provided with a drum shaft end holding portion 60 that rotatably holds both end portions of the drum shaft of the take-up drum 52. With this configuration, the drum shaft 52X is rotatably held by the drum shaft end holding portion 60, and a force to rotate around the drum shaft 52X is applied from the outside, whereby the take-up drum 52 rotates and the tube material P is rotated. Is supposed to wind up.

  In the present embodiment, a control unit 62 that controls the rotational speed of the drive roller 58 is provided. The control unit 62 considers the radii of the rotating body 56 and the driving roller 58 in consideration of the radii of the rotating body 56 and the driving roller 58 so that the rotational speed of the tube P pushed out of the gap 24 and the rotational speed of the rotating body 56 are the same. Control the number of revolutions.

  In the present embodiment, the tubular material P pushed out while rotating from the gap 24 is wound around the winding drum 52 while rotating the winding drum 52 around the orthogonal axis 52Y at the same rotational speed as the tubular material P. Go. Therefore, the pipe material P can be wound up without hindering the rotation of the pipe material P. That is, since it is not necessary to twist the tube material P in the reverse direction when winding, it is possible to avoid the twist angle α of the convex portion 42 from becoming small when winding. This is particularly effective for shortening the winding time when the pipe P to be formed is long (for example, about several hundred meters).

  Moreover, since the rotation speed of the pipe material P is forcibly set to the rotation speed of the rotating body 56, even if the rotation speed of the pipe material P sent out from the gap 24 deviates from the set rotation speed, this deviation can be eliminated. Can do.

  In addition, although it demonstrated by rotating the rotary body 56 around the orthogonal axis | shaft 52Y which faces the through-hole 22, when the pipe material P draws a curve in the middle and is wound up by the winding drum 52, the winding apparatus 50 is used. When the longitudinal direction of the tube material just before being wound does not face the direction of the through hole 22, the rotating body 56 is rotated around the axis in the longitudinal direction of the tube material just before being wound, instead of the orthogonal axis 52Y.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment will be described. Compared to the second embodiment, the pipe material manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a straightening device 72 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) that corrects the diameter of the pipe material P pushed out from the gap 24 between the gap 24 and the winding device 50. It has more in between.

  The straightening device 72 includes a straightening die 76 in which a straightening through hole 74 for straightening the outer diameter of the tubular material P by allowing the tubular material P to pass therethrough, and the straightening die 76 around the central axis of the straightening through hole 74. And a cylindrical holding portion 80 that is rotatably held.

  As shown in FIG. 8 (b), an accommodation recess 84 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the holding portion 80 so that a ball-shaped bearing member 82 can be arranged, and the bearing disposed in the accommodation recess 84. The correction die 76 inserted through the holding portion 80 is rotatable by the member 82.

  In the present embodiment, the pipe material P sent out from the gap 24 is inserted into the correction through-hole 74, so that even if unintended irregularities are formed on the outer shape of the pipe material P after being pushed out from the gap 24, It is possible to correct the shape. For example, even if the tube material P expands after being pushed out from the gap 24 and the outer diameter becomes larger than the set value, the outer diameter can be corrected. Further, when inserting the pipe material P through the straightening through-hole 74, a force is required to pull out the pipe material P from the straightening die 76. This force can be applied to the pipe material P from the winding device 50, and a new pull-out is performed. The outer diameter of the pipe P can be corrected efficiently without providing a device.

  The straightening die 76 can be used not only in the middle of winding the pipe P with the winding device 50 but also in the pipe P immediately after being pushed out from the gap 24. For example, the pipe P can be used when unwinding. Furthermore, it is also possible to use the pipe P after cutting it into a predetermined length.

<Experimental example>
The inventor uses one floating die 30 in the first embodiment, changes the extension length L (see FIG. 3) of the insertion portion 34 from the through hole 22 as a parameter, and sets each extension length L. The twist angle α of the spiral convex portion 42 was measured for the pipe material P formed in step (1). In this experimental example, the number of convex portions 42 was 20 and M was 4 mm. The measurement results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, when L is negative, it means that the lower end of the convex portion 42 is positioned above the edge portion 22E, and the convex portion 42 is retracted from the lower surface forming the edge portion 22E. .

  As can be seen from FIG. 9, the longer the extended length L, the larger the twist angle α of the convex portion 42, and the tube material in which the convex portion 42 having a high twist angle α of 30 ° or more could be formed. There was also. Note that the twist angle α can be further increased by further increasing the twist angle θ of the spiral groove 40 or by further increasing the extension length L of the insertion portion 34.

  10A is a side cross-sectional view of the tube material P formed in this experimental example, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional perspective view of the tube material P formed in this experimental example. It was confirmed that the spiral convex portion 42 was formed on the inner peripheral side of the tube material P.

  Note that, when the pipe material P is pushed out from the gap 24, the pipe material P is pushed out while being rotated, so that a twisted line pattern is formed on the outer peripheral side of the pipe material P. The twist angle α of the twist line is the same as the twist angle α of the convex portion 42.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pipe material manufacturing apparatus 16 Dice 12 Billet 22 Through-hole 30 Floating die 34 Insertion part 34T Tip 24 Clearance 42 Protrusion 40 Spiral groove 41 Spiral groove 42 Convex part 50 Winding device (winding means)
52 Winding drum 54 Two-axis rotation mechanism 72 Correction device (correction means)
74 Straightening through hole 76 Straightening die 80 Holding part (holding mechanism)
F Extrusion direction P Tube material

Claims (7)

A die provided on the extrusion side of the billet and having a through hole;
An insertion member that passes through the through-hole so that the tip extends to the side of the extrusion direction from the through-hole, and forms a gap between the die,
With
An apparatus for manufacturing a pipe material, wherein a groove for forming a spiral convex part is formed on the inner surface side of the pipe material when the pipe material is extruded from the gap on the side surface side of the insertion member.   The pipe material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of spiral grooves are formed as the grooves.   The pipe material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the insertion member includes a floating die that integrally includes an insertion portion through which the through hole is inserted. A winding means for winding up the tube material pushed out from the gap;
The winding means includes
A take-up drum for winding the tube material;
A biaxial rotation mechanism that rotates the winding drum around the axis of the drum while rotating around the axis perpendicular to the drum axis at the same rotational speed as that of the tube material;
The pipe material manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: Further comprising a correction means for correcting the diameter of the tube extruded from the gap,
The correction means includes
A straightening die in which a straightening through hole for straightening the outer diameter of the tubular material by passing the tubular material;
A holding mechanism for holding the correcting die so as to be rotatable around a central axis of the correcting through hole;
The pipe material manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:   A pipe material manufacturing method, comprising: using the pipe material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 to form a pipe material having the convex portion on an inner surface side by heating the billet and extruding the billet from the gap.   The tubular material, wherein the convex portion is formed on the inner surface side of the tubular material by extrusion molding with the tubular material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1.

Images