JP2012239923A - Capsule containing flocculant, and method for cleaning contaminated water - Google Patents

Capsule containing flocculant, and method for cleaning contaminated water Download PDF

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JP2012239923A
JP2012239923A JP2011108831A JP2011108831A JP2012239923A JP 2012239923 A JP2012239923 A JP 2012239923A JP 2011108831 A JP2011108831 A JP 2011108831A JP 2011108831 A JP2011108831 A JP 2011108831A JP 2012239923 A JP2012239923 A JP 2012239923A
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capsule
flocculant
water
mixture
powder
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Tadao Fukumoto
忠男 福本
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Civil Tech kk
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a contamination preventing technology that can clean contamination by efficient diffusion in water without causing dust in the work field of purifying contamination in water while reducing cost.SOLUTION: A water-soluble capsule 11 is filled with a mixture 15 containing a powder flocculant, a powder foaming agent, and iron powder which is iron or iron oxide powder, as a mixed component. The iron powder functions to increase the specific gravity of the mixture 15. The capsule 11 includes a body 12 which is a bottomed cylinder body, and a cap 13. The capsule 11 is formed of a natural material that can be coagulated by the flocculant contained in the mixture 15 after dissolved in water.

Description

本発明は、河川、湖水、海水等の水中において、汚濁を浄化するのに好適な凝集剤入りカプセル、及び当該カプセルを用いた汚濁水浄化方法に関する   The present invention relates to a capsule containing a flocculant suitable for purifying pollution in water such as rivers, lake water, seawater, and the like, and a method for purifying polluted water using the capsule.

従来、汚濁水を浄化する技術として、水処理用凝集剤と発泡剤とを成型助剤により固形化した水処理用発泡性固形凝集剤が知られている（特許文献１）。この発泡性固形凝集剤は、固形のままで水中に投入できるので、粉塵を発生せず、かつ発泡剤を含むため、粉体と遜色ない程度に水中で速やかに凝集剤が拡散する、という効果を得ようとするものとなっている。   Conventionally, as a technique for purifying contaminated water, a water treatment foamable solid flocculant obtained by solidifying a water treatment flocculant and a foaming agent with a molding aid is known (Patent Document 1). Since this foamable solid flocculant can be poured into water as it is in solid form, it does not generate dust, and since it contains a foaming agent, the flocculant diffuses quickly in water to the extent that it is comparable to powder. It is going to get.

しかし、この従来技術は、固形化するための製造コストを要するという問題点があった。さらに、淡水、海水など浄化すべき水の質に応じて、適切な凝集剤を選択する必要があるが、様々な水質に応じた発泡性固形凝集剤を生産しようとすると、製造コストが高くなるという問題点があった。すなわち特許文献１に記載される従来技術は、多品種少量生産には不向きである、という問題点があった。   However, this conventional technique has a problem in that it requires a manufacturing cost for solidification. Furthermore, it is necessary to select an appropriate flocculant according to the quality of the water to be purified, such as fresh water and seawater. However, if an attempt is made to produce a foamable solid flocculant according to various water qualities, the manufacturing cost increases. There was a problem. That is, the conventional technique described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it is not suitable for small-lot production of various varieties.

特許４５４９９６２号公報Japanese Patent No. 4549962

本発明は上記の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、水中の汚濁を浄化する作業の現場で粉塵を発生させることなく、かつ水中で凝集剤が効率よく拡散して汚濁を浄化することができ、しかもコストを節減し得る凝集剤入りカプセルを提供することを目的とする。さらには、当該凝集剤入りカプセルを用いた汚濁水浄化方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to purify the pollutant by efficiently diffusing the flocculant in water without generating dust at the work site for purifying the pollutant in water. And it aims at providing the capsule containing the coagulant | flocculant which can reduce cost. Furthermore, it aims at providing the contaminated water purification method using the said capsule with a coagulant | flocculant.

上記課題を解決し上記目的を達成するために、本発明のうち第１の態様に係るものは凝集剤入りカプセルであって、粉体の凝集剤と粉体の発泡剤とを混合成分として含む混合物と、当該混合物を封入する水溶性のカプセルと、を備えるものである。   In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention is a capsule containing a flocculant, which includes a powder flocculant and a powder foaming agent as mixed components. A mixture and a water-soluble capsule enclosing the mixture are provided.

この構成によれば、凝集剤と発泡剤は粉体であるが、これらがカプセルに封入されているため、水中の汚濁を浄化する作業の現場で凝集剤入りカプセルを取り扱う際に、粉塵を発生させる恐れがない。カプセルは水溶性であるため、凝集剤入りカプセルを汚濁水の中に投入した後には、内容物が水中に溶け出す。凝集剤と共に発泡剤が溶け出すので、凝集剤が効率よく拡散され、水中の汚濁の浄化が促進される。ともに粉体である凝集剤と発泡剤とを水溶性のカプセルに封入することにより、凝集剤入りカプセルを製造することができるので、製造が容易であり、製造コストを節減することができる。特に、水質に応じた様々な種類の凝集剤を低コストで製造することが可能となる。   According to this configuration, the flocculant and the foaming agent are powders, but since they are enclosed in the capsule, dust is generated when handling the capsule containing the flocculant at the site of work to purify contamination in water. There is no fear. Since the capsule is water-soluble, after the capsule containing the flocculant is put into the polluted water, the content dissolves into the water. Since the foaming agent dissolves together with the flocculant, the flocculant is efficiently diffused, and purification of the contaminants in the water is promoted. By encapsulating a flocculant and a foaming agent, both of which are powders, in a water-soluble capsule, a capsule containing the flocculant can be produced, which facilitates production and reduces production costs. In particular, various types of flocculants according to the water quality can be produced at low cost.

本発明のうち第２の態様に係るものは、第１の態様に係る凝集剤入りカプセルであって、前記混合物が混合成分として、鉄又は酸化鉄の粉体である鉄粉をさらに含むものである。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a capsule containing a flocculant according to the first aspect, wherein the mixture further contains iron powder as iron or iron oxide powder as a mixing component.

この構成によれば、カプセルの中に鉄粉が封入されているので、凝集剤入りカプセルの比重が高くなる。それにより、水中に投入された凝集剤入りカプセルを水中深い位置まで沈めた後に、カプセルの内容物を水中に溶出させることが可能となる。すなわち、汚水の全体を効率よく浄化することが可能となる。また、カプセルの材質、厚さ等と、鉄粉の混合比率とを調整することにより、内容物が溶出するまでの時間あるいは内容物の溶出が始まる水深を調節することも可能となる。   According to this structure, since iron powder is enclosed in the capsule, the specific gravity of the capsule containing the flocculant is increased. Thereby, after the capsule containing the flocculant thrown into water is submerged to a deep position in water, the contents of the capsule can be eluted into water. That is, it becomes possible to purify the entire sewage efficiently. Also, by adjusting the capsule material, thickness, etc., and the mixing ratio of the iron powder, it is possible to adjust the time until the contents are eluted or the water depth at which the contents are eluted.

本発明のうち第３の態様に係るものは、第１又は第２の態様に係る凝集剤入りカプセルであって、前記カプセルは、天然の素材から成るものである。   A third aspect of the present invention is a capsule containing a flocculant according to the first or second aspect, and the capsule is made of a natural material.

この構成によれば、カプセルが天然の素材から成るので、汚濁を防止すべき水域に自然の浄化作用に抗する人造の汚濁源が付加される恐れがない。   According to this configuration, since the capsule is made of a natural material, there is no fear that an artificial pollution source that resists the natural purification action is added to the water area where pollution should be prevented.

本発明のうち第４の態様に係るものは、第１ないし第３の何れかの態様に係る凝集剤入りカプセルであって、前記カプセルは、前記凝集剤によって凝集可能な素材から成るものである。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a capsule containing a flocculant according to any of the first to third aspects, wherein the capsule is made of a material that can be agglomerated by the flocculant. .

この構成によれば、水溶性のカプセルが、内容物である凝集剤によって凝集可能な素材から成るので、水中に溶解したカプセルの成分も、汚濁成分とともに同凝集剤によって水中から除去される。   According to this configuration, since the water-soluble capsule is made of a material that can be aggregated by the flocculant as the contents, the components of the capsule dissolved in water are also removed from the water by the flocculant together with the contaminating component.

本発明のうち第５の態様に係るものは、汚濁水浄化方法であって、第１ないし第４の何れかの態様に係る凝集剤入りカプセルを準備する準備工程と、前記凝集剤入りカプセルを汚濁水中に投入する投入工程と、を備えるものである。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polluted water purification method, comprising: a preparation step of preparing a capsule containing a flocculant according to any one of the first to fourth aspects; and the capsule containing the flocculant And a charging step of charging into the polluted water.

この構成によれば、本発明の凝集剤入りカプセルを汚濁水中に投入することにより、汚濁水の浄化が図られるので、本発明の各態様に係る凝集剤入りカプセルについて記載したところと同様の作用及び効果が得られる。   According to this configuration, since the polluted water can be purified by introducing the capsule containing the flocculant of the present invention into the polluted water, the same action as described for the capsule containing the flocculant according to each aspect of the present invention. And effects are obtained.

以上のように本発明によれば、水中の汚濁を浄化する作業の現場で粉塵を発生させることなく、かつ水中で凝集剤が効率よく拡散して汚濁を浄化することができ、しかもコストを節減することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the flocculant can be efficiently diffused and purified in the water without generating dust at the work site for purifying the water, and cost can be reduced. can do.

本発明の一実施の形態による凝集剤入りカプセルの外観図である。It is an external view of the capsule containing a flocculant by one embodiment of this invention. 図１の凝集剤入りカプセルの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the capsule containing the coagulant | flocculant of FIG. 本発明の別の実施の形態による凝集剤入りカプセルの正面図であり、一部を切断して示す断面図を含んでいる。It is a front view of the capsule with a coagulant | flocculant by another embodiment of this invention, and includes sectional drawing which cut | disconnects and shows a part.

図１は、本発明の一実施の形態による凝集剤入りカプセルの外観図である。また、図２は、同凝集剤入りカプセルの断面図である。この凝集剤入りカプセル１０１は、汚濁水を浄化すべく汚濁水の中に投入することにより使用に供される。図１及び図２に示すように、凝集剤入りカプセル１０１は、カプセル１とその中に封入されている混合物５とを含んでいる。カプセル１は、いずれも一端が閉じた円筒体であるボディ２とキャップ３とを有している。ボディ２とキャップ３とは、側面において互いに密着することにより、内容物である混合物５を封入する。ボディ２に混合物５を収容した後に、キャップ３をボディ２に被せることにより、凝集剤入りカプセル１０１を使用に供することが可能となる。   FIG. 1 is an external view of a capsule containing a flocculant according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the capsule containing the flocculant. The capsule 101 containing the flocculant is used by being put into the polluted water to purify the polluted water. As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the capsule 101 containing a coagulant | flocculant contains the capsule 1 and the mixture 5 enclosed in it. The capsule 1 has a body 2 and a cap 3 each of which is a cylindrical body with one end closed. The body 2 and the cap 3 are in close contact with each other on the side surface, thereby enclosing the mixture 5 as the contents. After the mixture 5 is accommodated in the body 2, the cap 101 containing the flocculant can be used for use by covering the body 2 with the cap 3.

カプセル１は水溶性である。このためカプセル１は、凝集剤入りカプセル１０１が水中に投入されるまでは一定の形状を保持し続けるが、水中に投入された後には、水中に溶解することにより、内容物である混合物５の溶出を可能にする。水溶性のカプセル１として、医薬用等として市販されるゼラチンを材料としたものを使用することができる。ゼラチンは、タンパク質であり自然の素材であって、環境への負荷が小さいというメリットがある。また、市販のカプセルを使用することにより、コストを節減することも可能となる。   The capsule 1 is water soluble. For this reason, the capsule 1 continues to maintain a certain shape until the capsule 101 containing a flocculant is put into water, but after being put into water, the capsule 1 dissolves in the water, so that the content of the mixture 5 is increased. Allow elution. As the water-soluble capsule 1, a material made of gelatin commercially available for pharmaceutical use or the like can be used. Gelatin is a protein and a natural material, and has the merit that the burden on the environment is small. In addition, the cost can be reduced by using commercially available capsules.

混合物５は、粉体の凝集剤、粉体の発泡剤、及び鉄粉を混合成分として含んでいる。凝集剤は、汚濁物質を凝集させることにより水を浄化する働きをなす物質である。凝集剤には、アルミニウムイオンを含むものなど、既に多種類のものが知られている。発泡剤は、水中で泡を発生する物質であり、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウムなど、同じく様々な種類のものが既に知られている。混合物５が水中に溶出したときに、発泡剤が生成する気泡により、凝集剤が効率よく水中に拡散される。鉄粉は鉄又は酸化鉄の粉体であり、混合物５の比重を高めることにより、凝集剤入りカプセルの水中での沈み込みを容易化するために混入される。   The mixture 5 contains a powder flocculant, a powder foaming agent, and iron powder as mixed components. The flocculant is a substance that functions to purify water by aggregating pollutants. Many types of flocculants are already known, such as those containing aluminum ions. A foaming agent is a substance that generates bubbles in water, and various types of materials such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate are already known. When the mixture 5 is eluted in water, the flocculant is efficiently diffused into the water by the bubbles generated by the foaming agent. The iron powder is a powder of iron or iron oxide, and is mixed in order to facilitate the subsidence of the capsule containing the flocculant in water by increasing the specific gravity of the mixture 5.

淡水、海水など浄化すべき水の質に応じて、様々な凝集剤、発泡剤の中から適切なものを選択することができる。発泡剤の混合比は、汚濁の程度等に応じて、凝集剤を拡散させるべき広さに応じて設定することができる。鉄粉の混合比率は、カプセル１の材質、厚さ等と併せて、内容物である混合物５の溶出が始まるまでの望ましい時間、あるいは、当該溶出が始まる望ましい水深に応じて、適切に設定することができる。鉄粉は有害物質ではなく、環境への負荷も軽いという利点がある。さらに、赤潮対策などにも利用される物質であり、汚濁防止の目的によっては、汚濁防止にも直接に役立つ物質でもある。凝集剤とカプセル１の素材とは、水中に溶解したカプセル１の成分が凝集剤によって凝集可能となる組み合わせを選択することにより、カプセル１の成分を新たな汚濁成分として水中に残すことを回避することができる。   An appropriate one can be selected from various flocculants and foaming agents according to the quality of water to be purified, such as fresh water or seawater. The mixing ratio of the foaming agent can be set according to the extent to which the flocculant should be diffused, depending on the degree of contamination and the like. The mixing ratio of the iron powder is appropriately set according to the desired time until the elution of the mixture 5 as the content, or the desired water depth at which the elution starts, in addition to the material and thickness of the capsule 1. be able to. Iron powder is not a harmful substance and has the advantage of lighter environmental impact. In addition, it is a substance that is also used for measures against red tide, and depending on the purpose of preventing pollution, it is also a substance that is directly useful for preventing pollution. The flocculant and the material of the capsule 1 are selected so that the components of the capsule 1 dissolved in water can be agglomerated by the flocculant, thereby avoiding leaving the components of the capsule 1 in the water as new pollutants. be able to.

凝集剤入りカプセル１０１を製造するには、まず、カプセル１のうちボディ２に混合物５を収容する。その後、キャップ３をボディ２に被せて、凝集剤入りカプセル１０１とする。凝集剤入りカプセル１０１は、この状態で、保存、販売、搬送、及び使用に供することができる。凝集剤入りカプセル１０１は、混合物５の固化処理を要しないので、製造が容易であり、製造コストを節減することができる。また、混合物５は粉体の混合物であるので、その混合成分及び混合比率を、目的に応じて変更することが容易である。すなわち凝集剤入りカプセル１０１は、多品種少量生産にも適している。   In order to manufacture the capsule 101 containing the flocculant, first, the mixture 5 is accommodated in the body 2 of the capsule 1. Thereafter, the cap 3 is put on the body 2 to obtain a capsule 101 containing a flocculant. In this state, the capsule 101 containing the flocculant can be stored, sold, transported, and used. Since the capsule 101 containing the flocculant does not require the solidification treatment of the mixture 5, the capsule 101 is easy to manufacture and can reduce the manufacturing cost. Moreover, since the mixture 5 is a mixture of powders, it is easy to change the mixing component and the mixing ratio according to the purpose. That is, the capsule 101 containing the flocculant is suitable for a large variety of small-quantity production.

凝集剤入りカプセル１０１を使用するには、例えば、船舶等により大量の凝集剤入りカプセル１０１を目的とする汚濁水域へ運搬し、当該水域にて船舶上から例えばシャベル等で一山（ひとやま）の凝集剤入りカプセル１０１を水中へ投入する。船舶を運航しつつ、順次投入することにより、広い水域に凝集剤入りカプセル１０１を撒くことができる。投入された凝集剤入りカプセル１０１は、水中へ沈降しつつ、あるいは水底に達した後に、カプセル１が溶解することにより、内容物である混合物５を水中に溶出させることができる。発泡剤が生成する気泡により、凝集剤が効率よく水中に拡散されるので、汚濁水の浄化が促進される。   In order to use the capsule 101 containing the flocculant, for example, a large amount of the capsule 101 containing the flocculant is transported to a target polluted water area by a ship or the like, and a mountain (eg, a shovel) from the ship in the water area. The capsule 101 containing the flocculant is put into water. The capsules 101 containing the flocculant can be spread over a wide water area by sequentially loading while operating the ship. The capsule 101 containing the flocculant is settled in water or reaches the bottom of the water and then the capsule 1 is dissolved, so that the mixture 5 as a content can be eluted in water. The air bubbles generated by the foaming agent allow the flocculant to be efficiently diffused into the water, thereby promoting the purification of the polluted water.

なお、カプセル１は、医薬用カプセルに相当する大きさに限らず、様々な大きさを採ることができる。例えば、両手で保持するのに適する全長数十センチメートルほどの大きさであっても良い。この場合、凝集剤入りカプセル１０１は、人手により１個ずつ水中に投入するのに適する。あるいはカプセル１は、さらに巨大なものであっても良い。   The capsule 1 is not limited to a size corresponding to a pharmaceutical capsule, and can take various sizes. For example, it may be a size of several tens of centimeters suitable for holding with both hands. In this case, the capsules 101 containing the flocculant are suitable for being put into water one by one manually. Alternatively, the capsule 1 may be larger.

また、カプセル１は図１及び図２に示した医薬用カプセルと同等の形状に限らず、様々な形状を採ることができる。図３はその一例に相当する本発明の別の実施の形態による凝集剤入りカプセルの部分断面正面図である。この凝集剤入りカプセル１０２は、カプセル１１と、その中に封入されている混合物１５とを含んでいる。混合物１５は、図１及び図２に示した混合物５と同様のものである。カプセル１１は、いずれも一端が閉じた円筒体であるボディ１２とキャップ１３とを有している。ボディ１２とキャップ１３とは、側面において互いに密着することにより、内容物である混合物１５を封止する。ボディ１２及びキャップ１３の何れも底部が平坦となっている。このため、ボディ１２を直立させておき、その中に混合物１５を投入する作業を円滑に行うことができる。また、キャップ１３の底部が平坦であるので、混合物１５をボディ１２の中に満たした後に、キャップ１３をボディ１２に被せたときに、キャップ１３と混合物１５との間に空隙が生じ難い。すなわち、混合物１５をカプセル１１の中に隙間無く充填することが容易である。さらには、混合物１５が充填された凝集剤入りカプセル１０２は、直立させたまま保管及び運搬することが可能であり、取扱が容易である。キャップ１１の大きさは、例えば、凝集剤入りカプセル１０２を片手で掴んで投入することが可能な大きさであっても良い。   The capsule 1 is not limited to the shape equivalent to the pharmaceutical capsule shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and can take various shapes. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional front view of a capsule containing a flocculant according to another embodiment of the present invention corresponding to an example thereof. The capsule 102 containing the flocculant includes the capsule 11 and the mixture 15 enclosed therein. The mixture 15 is the same as the mixture 5 shown in FIGS. The capsule 11 has a body 12 and a cap 13 each of which is a cylindrical body with one end closed. The body 12 and the cap 13 are in close contact with each other on the side surface, thereby sealing the mixture 15 as the contents. Both the body 12 and the cap 13 have a flat bottom. For this reason, the body 12 can be kept upright, and the operation | work which throws in the mixture 15 in it can be performed smoothly. Further, since the bottom of the cap 13 is flat, when the cap 13 is put on the body 12 after the mixture 15 is filled in the body 12, a gap is hardly generated between the cap 13 and the mixture 15. That is, it is easy to fill the mixture 15 into the capsule 11 without a gap. Furthermore, the capsule 102 containing the flocculant filled with the mixture 15 can be stored and transported while being upright, and is easy to handle. The size of the cap 11 may be, for example, a size that allows the capsule 102 containing a flocculant to be held and loaded with one hand.

また、本発明のカプセルは、カプセル１及び１１として例示したように、有底であってかつ互いに側面で密着することにより内容物を封止する２個の円筒体を有するものに限定されるものではない。一般に、内容物である粉体を収容させることができ、収容した後に当該粉体を密封することが可能な水溶性の容器は、すべて本発明のカプセルに含めることができる。   Moreover, the capsule of this invention is limited to what has two cylindrical bodies which are bottomed and seal the contents by mutually adhering by a side surface as illustrated as the capsules 1 and 11. is not. In general, any water-soluble container capable of containing a powder as a content and capable of sealing the powder after being contained can be included in the capsule of the present invention.

１，１１ カプセル
２，１２ ボディ
３，１３ キャップ
５，１５ 混合物
１０１，１０２ 凝集剤入りカプセル 1,11 capsule 2,12 body 3,13 cap 5,15 mixture 101,102 capsule with flocculant

Claims (5)

粉体の凝集剤と粉体の発泡剤とを混合成分として含む混合物と
当該混合物を封入する水溶性のカプセルと、を備える凝集剤入りカプセル。 A capsule containing a flocculant, comprising: a mixture containing a powder flocculant and a powder foaming agent as mixed components; and a water-soluble capsule enclosing the mixture. 前記混合物が混合成分として、鉄又は酸化鉄の粉体である鉄粉をさらに含む請求項１に記載の凝集剤入りカプセル。   The capsule containing a flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the mixture further contains iron powder, which is iron or iron oxide powder, as a mixing component. 前記カプセルは、天然の素材から成る請求項１又は２に記載の凝集剤入りカプセル。   The capsule with a flocculant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the capsule is made of a natural material. 前記カプセルは、前記凝集剤によって凝集可能な素材から成る請求項１ないし３の何れかに記載の凝集剤入りカプセル。   The capsule containing a flocculant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the capsule is made of a material that can be agglomerated by the flocculant. 請求項１ないし４の何れかに記載の凝集剤入りカプセルを準備する準備工程と、
前記凝集剤入りカプセルを汚濁水中に投入する投入工程と、を備える汚濁水浄化方法。 A preparation step of preparing a capsule containing a flocculant according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A method for purifying the polluted water, comprising a step of feeding the capsule containing the flocculant into the polluted water.
JP2011108831A 2011-05-13 2011-05-13 Capsule containing flocculant, and method for cleaning contaminated water Pending JP2012239923A (en)

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