JPH07241585A - Water-purifying material using bacteria - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To keep the quality-improving effect of water by bacteria contributing to the quality improvement of water for a long period of time and to facilitate the handling of bacteria. CONSTITUTION:Various bacteria 3 corresponding to the purpose of the quality improvement of water are packed in a capsule 2 made of a water-soluble synthetic resin becoming a carrier or mixed with a water-soluble synthetic resin material to be formed as block, plate or film like solid matter.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purification material used for promoting the treatment of waste water and self-cleaning of polluted rivers, lakes and marine coasts, and particularly to maintain the water quality improving effect of microorganisms for a long period of time. The present invention relates to a water purification material using a microorganism capable of producing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, so-called biological treatment has been employed in which polluted sewage such as factory wastewater and domestic wastewater is purified by using microorganisms. There are roughly two methods of this biological purification treatment, an aerobic treatment and an anaerobic treatment. That is, the method by the aerobic treatment,
This is a method of oxidatively decomposing pollutants in wastewater by aerobic bacteria, and the intermittent sand filtration method, sprinkling filter method, activated sludge method, etc. belong to this treatment method. For example, the above sprinkling filter method is shown in FIG.
As shown in 0, filter bed 51 made of crushed stone or perforated material
The sewage is spun on the rotary sprinkler 52, and the sewage F
Microbial film is generated on the surface by the flow of water, and various microorganisms living in the microbial film decompose pollutants in the sewage F to convert the pollutants into carbon dioxide gas, water, nitrogen, ammonia, and the rest. This is an aerobic treatment method for purifying sewage F by making it into corrosive soil. Further, in the activated sludge method, as shown in FIG. 11, air is blown into the sewage to grow aerobic bacteria in the sewage, and the suspended matter in the sewage is aggregated and precipitated. This is an aerobic treatment method in which sewage is purified by adsorbing pollutant components therein and adsorbing by aerobic bacteria and decomposing aggregates (flock 61).

The latter anaerobic treatment is a treatment method utilizing anaerobic bacteria. For example, excess activated sludge produced when sewage treatment is carried out by the above-mentioned activated sludge method is sent to a digestion treatment tank to remove anaerobic bacteria. It is reductively decomposed into methane gas, carbon dioxide gas, hydrogen, etc., and is used not only for such digestion of activated sludge but also for pulp mill wastewater treatment and alcohol distillation wastewater treatment.

Further, in various waters including sea waters such as lakes and swamps, slow-flowing rivers, and ocean coasts, sand and crushed stones on which microorganisms have adhered and propagated are directly added to lakes or rivers so that water can be used by the microorganisms. There is also a method of improving the water quality by decomposing and removing the organic matter of. In addition, in seawater areas such as ocean coasts, a method of improving water quality in seawater areas by breeding halophilic bacteria, halotolerant bacteria, etc. together with wave-dissipating blocks is used.

[0005]

However, microorganisms that contribute to the improvement of water quality do not immediately inhabit the flocs 61 in the activated sludge method depending on temperature conditions and pollution conditions, and in the sprinkling filter method. Before the microbial film is formed on the crushed stone or the like on the filter bed 51, the microorganisms are often dispersed from such a carrier, so that it is not possible to improve the water quality due to the microorganisms in the long term, and If oxygen is present, growth may be hindered and death may occur. Therefore, when anaerobic treatment is performed, it is necessary to pay close attention to the effect of improving water quality.

Further, in a treatment method in which a carrier in which a microorganism adheres to and propagates in a lake or a river is introduced, the effect of improving the water quality by the microorganism cannot be sufficiently exerted in the sludge-drained river, etc. Even in fast rivers and the like, the microorganisms are likely to be dispersed from the carrier, so that there is a problem that it is not possible to improve the water quality by the microorganisms in the long term.

The present invention was devised in view of the above problems, and it is easy to handle microorganisms, and a water purification material using microorganisms that can maintain the effect of improving the water quality by the microorganisms for a long period of time. It is intended to provide.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a water purification material using microorganisms according to the present invention is one in which microorganisms contributing to improvement of water quality are supported on a carrier made of a water-soluble synthetic resin material. The summary is that That is, the carrier is formed in a capsule shape having an appropriate thickness, the microorganism is filled in the capsule-shaped carrier, and the microorganism is mixed into the water-soluble synthetic resin material serving as a carrier. At the same time, a means of forming and solidifying into a block shape of an appropriate size and an appropriate shape, a plate shape of an appropriate thickness, or a film shape is taken.

Furthermore, by packing the water purification material according to the present invention in an appropriately sized bag having water permeability, the water quality improving effect can be maintained for a long period of time through the bag, and the bag can be appropriately used. It is possible to secure workability by, for example, pulling up from underwater to perform maintenance. It is also possible to form a recess on the wall surface of the revetment block and attach a plate-like water purification material formed by mixing microorganisms into the recess to impart a water purification function to the revetment wall itself of the river. .

[0010]

According to the above construction, when the water purification material is used for water treatment, the water purification material itself dissolves in water with the passage of time, and the microorganisms filled or mixed in the water gradually appear in the water. Thus, the microorganisms can be prevented from being wastefully separated, and the microorganisms can be easily and surely propagated in the filter bed, the aquarium, or the seawater area of the river or the ocean coast. Thus, since the microorganisms contributing to the improvement of water quality can be grown in an ecologically ideal environment, organic matter in water can be decomposed and removed by the grown microorganisms to treat polluted water. Also, the microorganisms
Filled in a water-soluble synthetic resin capsule as a carrier,
Or, since it is formed as a solid substance such as a block or plate in which microorganisms are mixed, a film, etc., the microorganisms may dissolve the carrier depending on the thickness of the capsule formed of the synthetic resin material as the carrier and the size of the solid substance. Accordingly, not only can it gradually appear in water and the water purification action can be continued for a long period of time, but also the storage and handling of the water purification material itself becomes extremely easy.

[0011]

EXAMPLES Examples of water purification materials using microorganisms according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are
1 shows a first embodiment of a water purification material constituted by filling a capsule-shaped carrier with microorganisms contributing to improvement of water quality. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 indicates a water purification material formed in a capsule shape, and a capsule 2 serving as a carrier of the water purification material 1 is formed of a water-soluble synthetic resin material,
The inside is filled with microorganisms 3 that can contribute to the improvement of water quality. For example, when bacteria are used as the microorganisms 3, the capsule 2 according to the present embodiment needs to have different compositions and forms depending on whether the microorganisms 3 are aerobic bacteria or anaerobic bacteria. That is, when the microorganism 3 is an aerobic bacterium, oxygen is required for the growth of the bacterium, so that the capsule 2 is formed to be porous to enhance air permeability and improve the viability of the microorganism 3. At the same time, it is desirable to increase the solubility after dropping into water during water quality treatment.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the wall thickness W2 of the capsule 2 is made thicker than the wall thickness W1 of the capsule 2 shown in FIG. It is also possible to form the wall thickness of 2 thick or thin to adjust the dissolution time in water, and to delay or accelerate the time in which the microorganisms 3 appear in water as needed. Also, the capsules 2, 2 ...
By simultaneously using a plurality of types, the microorganisms 3 can be made to appear continuously in water in the order of the time difference of the dissolution time of the carrier, and the water purification effect can be prolonged. The thickness of the wall of the capsule 2 can be appropriately selected and formed according to various conditions such as the degree of pollution of the filter bed, the water tank, the river or the seawater area, the size of the seawater area, etc. Thus, the water purification material 1 can be gradually dissolved so that the microorganisms 3 can be effectively inhabited for a long period of time, the growth of the microorganisms can be promoted, and the action of decomposing and removing organic substances in water can be enhanced. The water-soluble synthetic resin used in the present invention is a polyvinyl alcohol-based (so-called “PV
A ”), methylcellulose-based (so-called“ MC ”), polyethylene oxide-based, starch-based or hydroxypropyl cellulose, etc. can be used, but the type of synthetic resin depends on the dissolution time required after dropping into water, or filling or It can be appropriately selected depending on the compatibility with the microorganism 3 to be mixed and the pollution status of the water quality to be treated. For example, a water-soluble synthetic resin material disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-56574 can be used. Is.

The kinds of microorganisms to be filled in the capsule 2 include, for example, "bacteria and fungi" such as thiospirillum, zooglea lamigera, steptococcus, leptomitas, spherocillus, and begiatoa, didinium, euglena, coenia, rionos, colpidium. , There are “protozoa” such as Styronitia, bortisella, amoeba, and Alsera, and “insect larva” such as water fly worms and red worm larvae, but the purpose of use of the water purification material 1 using the microorganism according to the present invention is, That is, an aerobic bacterium or an anaerobic bacterium, and further a non-halophilic bacterium or a halophilic bacterium can be appropriately selected depending on the pollution status of sewage, rivers or lakes, marine coasts, and the like.

3 to 6 show various modified examples of the water purification material in which the microorganism of the present invention is mixed as a solid by mixing the water-soluble synthetic resin material, and the respective features will be described below. Only the part will be described. That is, FIG.
(A) and (b) shows the 2nd Example which formed the water purification material 1 as a block-shaped solid substance. In the second embodiment, the microorganism 3 is mixed with a water-soluble synthetic resin material serving as a carrier to form a solid block 4. When the microorganisms 3 are directly formed as a block-shaped solid substance 4 together with the carrier in this manner, the microorganisms 3 are gradually dissolved along with dissolution from the surface of the block-shaped solid substance 4, so that the microorganisms 3 are gradually filtered, a tank, a river, a lake or a sea. Since it spreads in water such as water, it can maintain the purification function of water quality for a long time and enhance its effect. In addition, since it takes a long time to dissolve even the central portion of the block-shaped solid matter, it is possible to design so that the water purification action can be maintained for a long time or a predetermined period depending on its size. become.

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show a third embodiment in which the water purification material 1 is formed as a plate-shaped solid material.
In the third embodiment, the microorganism 3 is mixed into a water-soluble synthetic resin material serving as a carrier to form a plate-shaped 5. When the synthetic resin mixed with the microorganisms 3 is formed in the plate shape 5 as described above, the contact area with the polluted water can be widened when spreading on a filter bed or the like, and the microorganisms can be propagated in a wide range. It becomes possible to correspond to a wide range of water to be purified in the filter bed and to perform an effective water purification action in a short time. It is needless to say that the size and thickness of the block-shaped 4 or plate-shaped 5 solid matter can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of water quality treatment. In addition, for example, a plate-like water purification material 1 of plate 5 using aerobic bacteria and a plate-like water purification material 1 of anaerobic bacteria 1 are polymerized into a plurality of layers and laid down to make a pollution condition. However, it is possible to perform an effective water purification treatment on the water to be purified that is complicated and cannot be purified only by one of the water purification materials 1.

FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment in which the water purification material 1 is formed as a film-shaped solid material. In the fourth embodiment, the microorganisms 3 are mixed into a water-soluble synthetic resin material and formed into a film 6. When the synthetic resin material mixed with the microorganisms 3 is formed into the film 6 as described above, it can be used by laying it on the bottom or side wall of a water tank for home or business use without any gap,
The versatility of the water purification material can be improved.

When the water purification material 1 obtained by filling or mixing the water-soluble synthetic resin material as a carrier with the microorganism of the present invention is used, for example, when it is used in a sprinkling filter method or an activated sludge method, these If a large number of water purification materials 1, 1 ... In the form of capsules 2 or blocks 4 are put into the filter bed of the treatment facility,
With the lapse of time, the carrier of the water purification material 1 which is a solid is gradually dissolved, and the microorganisms 3 filled or mixed in the inside thereof appear in water and grow in an ideal ecological environment. By the growth of these microorganisms 3, the organic matter in the filter bed can be decomposed and removed to improve the water quality. When inputting into lakes and marine coastal seawater areas, determine the type and quantity of water purification materials 1, 1 ... In consideration of the polluted state of polluted water and the conditions such as dissolved oxygen content and PH value. It will be.
Further, by using the water purification material 1 in which a plurality of microorganisms 3, 3 ... Are packed or mixed in the carrier as described above, the type of microorganisms is changed according to the pollution state in the wastewater treatment, and at the same time, in the filter bed or lake. The remaining organic substances can be efficiently decomposed, the pollution degree is extremely bad, and the water purification effect can be effectively performed even in a complicated water area.

FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 show a method of concrete water quality treatment in rivers, lakes and marine areas, seawater areas, etc. using the water purification material using the microorganisms according to the present invention.
When the amount of water is constant and there is no flow like in wastewater treatment facilities, the required amount of the water purification material 1 can be easily calculated, but it is wide in lakes, rivers, seawater areas, etc. When the water purification material 1 using microorganisms according to the present invention is used in a water area, the microorganisms are easily wasted due to running water.
Therefore, as described below, it is desirable to take measures to delay the dissolution time of the synthetic resin material or prevent the microorganisms from being dispersed. That is, FIG. 7 shows an example in which a large number of water purification materials 1 are dropped into water while being filled in a bag.

In this embodiment, a large number of water purification materials 1, 1 ... Are packed in a water absorbent bag 7 made of cloth, and the water purification materials 1, 1 ... When a large number of the water purification materials 1 are packed in the bags 7, 7 ... In this way, the water purification materials 1 are prevented from being dispersed by running water, and the bag 7 acts as a habitat for the microorganisms 3 as it is. Therefore, there is a feature that the purification effect of water quality is improved. Moreover, the water quality improving effect of the microorganism 3 is reduced,
Alternatively, when it is desired to collect the microorganisms 3 in order to exchange the type of the microorganisms 3, one end of the bag 7 is pulled up and the ropes 8,
The other remaining bags 7, 7 ... Connected by 8 ... Can be easily pulled up, which has the effect of facilitating maintenance. It is desirable that the bag 7 is made of a carpet-like material having flocked surfaces, and the microorganisms 3 can easily propagate on the flocked portion on the front side.

FIG. 8 shows a structure in which the water purification material 1 formed as a plate-shaped solid material is attached to the surface of a revetment block for constructing a revetment wall for use. In this embodiment, the water purification materials 1, 1 ... Are attached to a large number of revetment blocks 9, 9 forming the revetment wall, so that the revetment blocks 9, 9 ... Accordingly, when submerged in water, the water purification material 1 is dissolved from the surface thereof, and the microorganisms 3 mixed in the water purification material 1 can be gradually exposed in the water, and the water quality of rivers, lakes and marine waters can be improved. The purifying action can be prolonged.

FIG. 9 shows a large number of crushed stones 10, 10 ...
In the case where the crushed stones 10 are solidified into a desired shape to form a reuse material, a large number of water purification materials 1, 1 can be mixed at the same time when the crushed stones 10 are solidified. In this way, by mixing and solidifying a large number of water purification materials 1, 1 ... Into the crushed stones 10, 10 ..., the water purification action by the microorganisms 3 themselves is promoted, and the propagation of seaweeds and algae is promoted, and after the microorganisms 3 flow out. Roots of seaweeds and algae are easily settled in the gaps 11, and natural reproduction of seaweeds and algae can be promoted, and a remarkable effect can be exerted in improving water quality in the long term. In addition, the crushed stone 10,
Epoxy cement is used for solidifying 10 ..., and ferrous sulfate is applied to the surface thereof to prevent decomposition of the crushed stones 10, 10 ... As described above, recontamination of water quality due to its collapse and runoff can be prevented, and the elution of ferrous sulfate can promote the reproduction of algae and seaweeds, and promote the restoration of the water purification ability in the natural world by aquatic plants.

In the above examples, the synthetic resin material formed into a solid material in the form of capsules, blocks, plates, films, etc. was explained as a carrier for microorganisms, but the carrier for microorganisms was loaded with the microorganisms for a certain period of time. Needless to say, the shape and material are not limited to the above as long as the carrier can be held and the carrier gradually dissolves in water.

If desired, a vinyl acetate-based, urethane-based, acrylic-based, or epoxy-based resin film may be applied on the surface of each water purification material 1 to form the water purification material 1.
It is possible to delay the start time of dissolution of
It is possible to appropriately adjust the timing of the action occurrence, and control the action time of the plurality of water purification materials 1 to prolong the effect.

[0024]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The water purification material using the microorganisms according to the present invention is constituted as described above, and thus the microorganisms are in a capsule form,
Since it is filled or mixed in a block-shaped or plate-shaped water-soluble synthetic resin material, the water purification agent should gradually expose the microorganisms to the water as the carrier dissolution time elapses during water quality treatment. It is possible to prevent the microorganisms from being unnecessarily dispersed in the water, and to easily and surely propagate the microorganisms in the filter bed, the aquarium or the river, and the seawater area. It can be grown under to perform efficient water quality improvement treatment,
The water quality environment of rivers, lakes and marine areas can be improved satisfactorily. In addition, since it is possible to adjust the time for which the microorganisms appear in water according to the dissolution time of the carrier and the progress of the dissolution period, even in a water area with a stream such as a river, it can be effectively used for a long time to improve water quality. Can be maintained.

Further, since the water purification material is mixed in the capsule-shaped, block-shaped or plate-shaped synthetic resin material, it can be stored and handled very easily. Especially, anaerobic bacteria can be easily handled.

Furthermore, since different carriers such as solid substances in the form of capsules or plates can be filled or mixed with microorganisms, a wide range of microorganisms can be grown in an ecologically ideal environment, and Since different microorganisms can be made to appear with the passage of time, it is possible to prevent the reduction of the water quality improving effect due to the mixture of plural kinds of microorganisms.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a water purification material using a microorganism according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which a carrier is formed in a capsule shape.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment in which the wall thickness of the capsule-shaped carrier is also thick.

FIG. 3 shows a second example of a water purification material in which a water-soluble synthetic resin material mixed with microorganisms is formed as a block-shaped solid material, and (a) shows a state before the water purification material is dissolved. FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the water purification material is dissolved in water and microorganisms are exposed.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of a water purification material in which a water-soluble synthetic resin material mixed with microorganisms is formed as a plate-shaped solid material.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a water treatment facility, showing an example of use of the plate-shaped water purification material and showing a state in which a large number of water purification materials are spread in a water tank.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of essential parts showing a fourth embodiment of a water purification material in which a water-soluble synthetic resin material mixed with microorganisms is formed as a film-shaped solid material.

[Fig. 7] Fig. 7 is a perspective view, partially cut away, showing another example of the use of the water purification material and showing a state in which a bag filled with the water purification material in a capsule shape is connected by a rope.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another example of use of the water purification material, showing a state in which the plate-shaped water purification material is adhered and fixed to the surface of the seawall block for constructing the seawall.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of use of the water purification material and showing a state where the block-shaped water purification material is solidified into a desired shape together with crushed stone.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a treatment facility of a conventional sprinkling filter method.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing flocs of activated sludge in the activated sludge method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Water purification material using microorganisms 2 Capsule 3 Microorganisms 4 Water purification material formed in blocks 5 Water purification material formed in plates 6 Water purification material formed in films

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A water purification material using microorganisms, which comprises supporting a microorganism that contributes to improvement of water quality on a carrier made of a water-soluble synthetic resin material. 2. The water purification material using microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is formed in a capsule shape having an appropriate thickness, and the microorganism is filled in the carrier formed in the capsule shape. . 3. The microorganism according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism is mixed into the water-soluble synthetic resin material serving as a carrier and is formed and solidified into a block shape having an appropriate size and an appropriate shape. Water purification material using. 4. The microorganism according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism is mixed into the water-soluble synthetic resin material serving as a carrier and is formed and solidified into a plate having an appropriate thickness. Water purification material. 5. The microorganism according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism is mixed in the water-soluble synthetic resin material serving as a carrier and is formed and solidified into a film having an appropriate thickness. Water purification material.