JP2012235766A - Recycling method of animal husbandry wastewater by microalgae - Google Patents

Recycling method of animal husbandry wastewater by microalgae Download PDF

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JP2012235766A
JP2012235766A JP2011119703A JP2011119703A JP2012235766A JP 2012235766 A JP2012235766 A JP 2012235766A JP 2011119703 A JP2011119703 A JP 2011119703A JP 2011119703 A JP2011119703 A JP 2011119703A JP 2012235766 A JP2012235766 A JP 2012235766A
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Toshiro Sekine
敏朗 関根
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method in which animal husbandry wastewater is performed with a cleaning process and a by-product can be effectively used easily.SOLUTION: The recycling method of animal husbandry wastewater by microalgae is characterized as follows. Animal husbandry wastewater is performed with solid-liquid separation, microalgae is cultured with the liquid, the liquid is purified, an obtained microalgae growth liquid is added with a flocculant of which the principal ingredient is a radiation crosslinking body of γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamic acid salt, the microalgae is condensed, and a mixture of an obtained microalgae wet matter and a liquid that is added with a carbohydrate, and is performed with lactic acid fermentation under the lactobacillus coexistence is fed to livestock as feedstuff.

Description

発明の詳細な説明Detailed Description of the Invention

本発明は、畜産廃水の資源化処理に関するものである。  The present invention relates to a resource recycling process for livestock wastewater.

従来、畜産廃水でクロレラ等微細藻類を培養し、該廃水の水質を浄化するとともに、該微細藻類を回収し、これを家畜飼料に再利用することは、古くから提案されていた。微細藻類は太陽光を利用し、酸素を発生し増殖し、これによって廃水が浄化されるため、微細藻類による処理は、活性汚泥法のように大量の空気曝気電力が必要なく、経済的かつ温室効果ガス排出削減につながる利点を有している。また、増殖した微細藻類を回収し、飼料として利用することにより、農家の経営にも役立つ。
微細藻類の回収には、自然沈降濃縮、遠心分離濃縮、凝集分離濃縮等がある。自然沈降濃縮は、沈降速度の小さい藻体も混在しているため回収率が悪い、遠心分離濃縮は、遠心分離機が高価であり、電力費も高価であるため経済性がない、凝集分離濃縮は、家畜が食べても無害で効率的な凝集剤がない、等の問題点があり、微細藻類の回収を農家が簡単に実施することが難しい面があった。近年、特許第３８５４４６６号に示したように、家畜が食べても害がない凝集剤が開発、商業化された。本発明はこの凝集剤を利用した発明である。
特許第３８５４４６６号公報 Conventionally, it has been proposed for a long time to cultivate microalgae such as chlorella in livestock wastewater, purify the water quality of the wastewater, collect the microalgae, and reuse them for livestock feed. Because microalgae use sunlight to generate and propagate oxygen, which purifies wastewater, the treatment with microalgae does not require a large amount of air aeration power unlike the activated sludge method, and is economical and greenhouse. It has the advantage of reducing the effect gas emission. In addition, it collects the grown microalgae and uses them as feed to help farmers.
The collection of microalgae includes natural sedimentation concentration, centrifugal separation concentration, and aggregation separation concentration. Natural sedimentation concentration is poor in recovery rate because alga bodies with a low sedimentation rate are also mixed. Centrifugal concentration is not economical because the centrifuge is expensive and power costs are expensive. Has problems such as no harm and efficient flocculant even when eaten by livestock, and it is difficult for farmers to easily collect microalgae. In recent years, as shown in Japanese Patent No. 3854466, flocculants that are harmless even if eaten by livestock have been developed and commercialized. The present invention is an invention using this flocculant.
Japanese Patent No. 3854466

本発明は、畜産廃水を浄化処理するとともに副産物を簡単に有効利用できる方法を提供することを目的とする。An object of this invention is to provide the method of purifying the livestock wastewater and using a by-product simply and effectively.

即ち、第１に、畜産廃水を固液分離し、その液分で微細藻類を培養し、該液を浄化するとともに、これによって得た微細藻類生長液にγ−ポリグルタミン酸又はγ−ポリグルタミン酸塩の放射線架橋体を主成分とする凝集剤を添加し、該微細藻類を凝集させ、これによって得た微細藻類湿物と、糖質を添加し乳酸菌混在下乳酸発酵させた液との混合物を、飼料として家畜に給与することを特徴とする畜産廃水の微細藻類による資源化処理法であり、第２に、畜産廃水を固液分離し、その液分で微細藻類を培養し、該液を浄化するとともに、これによって得た微細藻類生長液にγ−ポリグルタミン酸又はγ−ポリグルタミン酸塩の放射線架橋体を主成分とする凝集剤を添加し、該微細藻類を凝集させ、これによって得た微細藻類湿物と、糖質を添加し乳酸菌混在下乳酸発酵させた液との混合物を、飼料として家畜に給与するとともに、糖質を添加し乳酸菌混在下乳酸発酵させた液または該液と前記微細藻類湿物との混合物を水で希釈し、これを豚房に散布することを特徴とする畜産廃水の微細藻類による資源化処理法である。That is, firstly, livestock wastewater is solid-liquid separated, the microalgae are cultured with the liquid, the liquid is purified, and γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamate is added to the microalgae growth solution thus obtained. A flocculant mainly composed of a radiation cross-linked product of the above, agglomerate the microalgae, a mixture of the microalgae obtained by this and the liquid lactic acid-fermented with saccharides added and lactic acid bacteria mixed, This is a method for recycling livestock wastewater with microalgae, characterized by feeding livestock as feed. Second, the livestock wastewater is separated into solid and liquid, and the microalgae are cultured in the liquid and purified. And adding a flocculant mainly composed of a radiation cross-linked product of γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamate to the microalgae growth solution thus obtained, thereby aggregating the microalgae, and thereby obtaining the microalgae Wet and sugar added A mixture of the lactic acid-fermented liquid mixed with lactic acid bacteria is fed to livestock as feed, and the liquid added with carbohydrates and lactic acid-fermented with lactic acid bacteria mixed or the liquid and the wet microalgae with water is mixed with water. It is a resource recovery treatment method using livestock wastewater with microalgae, characterized in that it is diluted and sprayed on pig bunches.

発明の実施形態Embodiment of the Invention

本発明の実施態様を図面により詳しく説明する。図１は、本発明の第１の実施態様を示す流れ図である。糞尿分離豚舎１から排出される廃水は、固液分離装置２に送られる。し渣・汚泥７は堆肥化装置１６に送られる。分離液８は、微細藻類培養槽３へ送られる。ここで、微細藻類は光の照射を受け、酸素を発生し、ＢＯＤ源、窒素、リン等を吸収し資化または分解する。共存するバクテリアは酸素を用いて、ＢＯＤ源、窒素、リン等を吸収し資化または分解する。これによって、分離液８は浄化される。微細藻類培養槽３から微細藻類及び他の浮遊物と浄化された液の混合物である生長液ｍを抜き取り、微細藻類凝集分離槽４に投入する。ここでγ−ポリグルタミン酸又はγ−ポリグルタミン酸塩の放射線架橋体を主成分とする凝集剤１４（以後ポリグル凝集剤１４と記す）を添加し、攪拌後、静置しフロックを沈殿させる。その後、上澄液を処理水槽６に抜き取り、残った微細藻類濃縮液９を殺菌装置１５で処理したのち、乳酸発酵槽５に送る。ここで、フスマ等糖質１２及び乳酸菌１１を添加混合し、乳酸発酵を行わせる。この微細藻類と乳酸発酵させた液との混合物である乳酸菌発酵液ｆは、水分を調整されたのち、ポンプ等で豚舎に送られ、飲料として給与される。豚は、１日に７〜１０リットルの水分を必要とする。
固液分離装置２としては、自然沈降槽、スクリーン、遠心分離機、濾過機等従来の装置を用いればよい。これら装置で除去しきれないＳＳは、凝集剤を用いて除去するとよい。凝集剤としては、ポリグル凝集剤１４は食害がないので好適である。自然沈降槽、スクリーン、遠心分離機、濾過機等従来の装置の後で、ポリグル凝集剤１４を用いる事で、ポリグル凝集剤１４費用がより安価となる。
微細藻類培養槽３は、水深１０ｃｍ程度の開放池等従来の装置を用いればよい。微細藻類としては、クロレラ、セネデスムス等緑藻類が適する。これらは、沼等から容易に分離取得できる。糞尿分離豚舎１から排出される廃水のＳＳを除去したものを、ＢＯＤ５０以下に浄化するのに必要な開放池の面積は、豚１頭に対して０．５〜１平方メートルであり、これから生産されるクロレラは４〜２０グラムである。クロレラは、栄養分、ミネラル、葉緑素に富み、健康補助食品として利用されており、豚の健康増進にも効果がある。
微細藻類凝集分離槽４は通常の貯水タンクでよく、１日の処理量以上の容量が適当である。フロック沈降後、７０％程度の上澄液を抜き取り、残った微細藻類濃縮液９を殺菌装置１５を経て乳酸発酵槽５に送る。または、フロックをろ過で分離し、これに清水を加えて乳酸発酵槽５に投入してもよい。
乳酸発酵槽５は通常の貯水タンクでよく、微細藻類濃縮液９にフスマ等糖質１２及び乳酸菌１１を添加混合し、望ましくは攪拌しながら、およそ一昼夜発酵させる。乳酸発酵により生じる有機酸によって雑菌が抑制される。これによって安全安心が確保される。
また本実施態様では、微細藻類、糖質、乳酸菌の投入を同時に行うが、あらかじめ乳酸発酵液を作っておき、これに微細藻類を投入し、混合放置後、豚に給与することもできる。乳酸菌は整腸作用があり、豚の健康増進にも効果がある。用いる乳酸菌は、ラクトバシラス属、ビフィドバクテリウム属、ラクトコッカス属、ペディオコッカス属、リューコノストック属、の１種または数種の混合株を用いる。
納豆菌等微生物由来のポリグル凝集剤１４は、食べても安全な物質であると確認されているとともに、分子量１０００万以上で、高い凝集活性を持ちかつ実用販売されているので好適である。生長液ｍ１ｍ３に対して２００ｇ程度添加するとよい。
殺菌装置１５として、超音波殺菌装置、高電圧パルス殺菌装置、加熱殺菌装置、オゾン殺菌装置、紫外線殺菌装置が利用可能である。薬剤殺菌は、豚の飼料として好ましくないので本発明では用いない。
殺菌処理は、生長液ｍまたは微細藻類濃縮液９または微細藻類濃縮液９を脱水処理した後のケーキまたはこれに加水したものに対して行う。
更に、本発明の第２の実施態様については、前記「微細藻類、糖質、乳酸菌の投入を同時に行うが、あらかじめ乳酸発酵液を作っておき、これに微細藻類を投入し、混合放置後、豚に給与することもできる。」としたが、この微細藻類、糖質、乳酸菌の投入を同時にして得た乳酸発酵液あるいはあらかじめつくられた乳酸発酵液（微細藻類が入っていない）を水で希釈し、これを豚房に散布する。乳酸菌の作用で豚房内の雑菌が抑制される。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a first embodiment of the present invention. Waste water discharged from the manure separation piggery 1 is sent to the solid-liquid separator 2. The residue / sludge 7 is sent to the composting device 16. The separation liquid 8 is sent to the microalgae culture tank 3. Here, microalgae are irradiated with light, generate oxygen, absorb BOD source, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., and assimilate or decompose. Coexisting bacteria use oxygen to absorb or decompose BOD sources, nitrogen, phosphorus, and the like. Thereby, the separation liquid 8 is purified. The growth liquid m, which is a mixture of the microalgae and other suspended matters and the purified liquid, is extracted from the microalgae culture tank 3 and put into the microalgae aggregation and separation tank 4. Here, flocculant 14 (hereinafter referred to as polygul flocculant 14) mainly composed of a radiation cross-linked product of γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamate is added, and after stirring, allowed to stand to precipitate floc. Thereafter, the supernatant is extracted into the treatment water tank 6, and the remaining microalgae concentrate 9 is treated with the sterilizer 15 and then sent to the lactic acid fermentation tank 5. Here, sugars 12 such as bran and lactic acid bacteria 11 are added and mixed to cause lactic acid fermentation. The lactic acid bacteria fermented liquid f, which is a mixture of the microalgae and lactic acid fermented liquid, is adjusted to moisture, then sent to a pig house with a pump or the like, and fed as a beverage. Pigs need 7-10 liters of water a day.
As the solid-liquid separation device 2, a conventional device such as a natural sedimentation tank, a screen, a centrifuge, or a filter may be used. SS that cannot be removed by these devices may be removed using a flocculant. As the flocculant, polygul flocculant 14 is preferable because it does not cause damage. By using the polygul flocculant 14 after a conventional apparatus such as a natural sedimentation tank, a screen, a centrifuge, and a filter, the cost of the polygul flocculant 14 is further reduced.
The microalgae culture tank 3 may be a conventional apparatus such as an open pond having a water depth of about 10 cm. As the microalgae, green algae such as Chlorella and Senedesmus are suitable. These can be easily separated from swamps and the like. The area of the open pond required to purify the wastewater discharged from the manure separation piggery 1 to be BOD50 or less is 0.5 to 1 square meter for one pig and will be produced from now on. The chlorella is 4-20 grams. Chlorella is rich in nutrients, minerals, and chlorophyll and is used as a health supplement. It is also effective in promoting pig health.
The microalgae flocculation / separation tank 4 may be a normal water storage tank, and a capacity of a daily processing amount or more is appropriate. After floc sedimentation, about 70% of the supernatant is extracted and the remaining microalgae concentrate 9 is sent to the lactic acid fermenter 5 via the sterilizer 15. Alternatively, flocs may be separated by filtration, and fresh water may be added thereto and put into the lactic acid fermentation tank 5.
The lactic acid fermenter 5 may be a normal water storage tank, and a sugar 12 such as bran and lactic acid bacteria 11 are added to and mixed with the microalgae concentrate 9 and fermented for about a day and night, preferably with stirring. Miscellaneous bacteria are suppressed by the organic acid produced by lactic acid fermentation. This ensures safety and security.
In this embodiment, the microalgae, carbohydrates, and lactic acid bacteria are simultaneously added. However, a lactic acid fermentation broth is prepared in advance, and the microalgae can be added thereto and left to be mixed before being fed to pigs. Lactic acid bacteria have an intestinal action and are effective in promoting pig health. As the lactic acid bacteria to be used, one or several mixed strains of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, Pediococcus, and Leuconostoc are used.
Polygul flocculant 14 derived from microorganisms such as Bacillus natto has been confirmed to be a safe substance when eaten, has a molecular weight of 10 million or more, has high aggregating activity, and is suitable for practical use. About 200 g may be added to the growth liquid m1 m3.
As the sterilization device 15, an ultrasonic sterilization device, a high voltage pulse sterilization device, a heat sterilization device, an ozone sterilization device, and an ultraviolet sterilization device can be used. Drug sterilization is not used in the present invention because it is not preferred for pig feed.
The sterilization treatment is performed on the cake after the growth liquid m, the microalgae concentrate 9 or the microalgae concentrate 9 has been dehydrated, or water added thereto.
Furthermore, regarding the second embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned “microalgae, carbohydrates, and lactic acid bacteria are simultaneously added, but a lactic acid fermentation broth is prepared in advance, and microalgae is added to this, and after mixing, It can also be fed to pigs. ”However, this lactic acid fermentation broth obtained by adding microalgae, carbohydrates, and lactic acid bacteria at the same time, or a lactic acid fermentation broth prepared in advance (without microalgae) is used as water. Dilute with and spread it over the swine. The bacteria in the swine chamber are suppressed by the action of lactic acid bacteria.

発明の効果Effect of the invention

以上のように、本発明は、γ−ポリグルタミン酸又はγ−ポリグルタミン酸塩の放射線架橋体による微細藻類の凝集と、乳酸発酵を組み合わせることにより、農家が簡単に実施可能な、畜産廃水を浄化処理するとともにクロレラ等微細藻類という副産物を簡単にかつ安全安心に有効利用できる方法を提供出来る。
更に、この乳酸菌を含む液を豚房に散布することで豚房内の雑菌が抑制されるという効果もある。
また、本発明が、養豚以外の畜産廃水に適用できる事は言うまでもない。As described above, the present invention purifies livestock wastewater that can be easily implemented by farmers by combining aggregation of microalgae with a radiation cross-linked product of γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamate and lactic acid fermentation. At the same time, it is possible to provide a method by which a by-product of microalgae such as chlorella can be used easily, safely and safely.
Furthermore, there is also an effect that the germs in the swine are suppressed by spraying the liquid containing the lactic acid bacteria on the swine.
Moreover, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is applicable to livestock wastewater other than pig raising.

は本発明の方法のプロセスを示す図面である。FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a process of the method of the present invention.

１は糞尿分離豚舎、２は固液分離装置、３は微細藻類培養槽、４は微細藻類凝集分離槽、５は乳酸発酵槽、６は処理水貯留槽、７はし残渣・汚泥、８は分離液、９は微細藻類濃縮液、１０は上澄液、１１は乳酸菌、１２は糖質、１３は水、１４はγ−ポリグルタミン酸又はγ−ポリグルタミン酸塩の放射線架橋体を主成分とする凝集剤、１５は殺菌装置、１６は堆肥化装置、ｍは生長液、ｆは乳酸菌発酵液である。1 is a manure separation pig house, 2 is a solid-liquid separator, 3 is a microalgae culture tank, 4 is a microalgae agglomeration and separation tank, 5 is a lactic acid fermentation tank, 6 is a treated water storage tank, 7 is a residue of residue and sludge, 8 is Separate liquid, 9 is a microalgae concentrate, 10 is a supernatant, 11 is a lactic acid bacterium, 12 is a saccharide, 13 is water, 14 is a radiation cross-linked product of γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamate An aggregating agent, 15 is a sterilizer, 16 is a composting device, m is a growth solution, and f is a lactic acid bacteria fermentation solution.

Claims (3)

畜産廃水を固液分離し、その液分で微細藻類を培養し、該液を浄化するとともに、これによって得た微細藻類生長液にγ−ポリグルタミン酸又はγ−ポリグルタミン酸塩の放射線架橋体を主成分とする凝集剤を添加し、該微細藻類を凝集させ、これによって得た微細藻類湿物と、糖質を添加し乳酸菌混在下乳酸発酵させた液との混合物を、飼料として家畜に給与することを特徴とする畜産廃水の微細藻類による資源化処理法。The livestock wastewater is separated into solid and liquid, microalgae are cultured in the liquid, the liquid is purified, and the γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamate radiation cross-linked product is mainly added to the resulting microalgae growth solution. A flocculant as a component is added to agglomerate the microalgae, and a mixture of the wet microalgae obtained thereby and a liquid obtained by adding saccharides and fermenting lactic acid in the presence of lactic acid bacteria is fed to livestock as feed. Recycling method of livestock wastewater with microalgae characterized by this. 畜産廃水を固液分離し、その液分で微細藻類を培養し、該液を浄化するとともに、これによって得た微細藻類生長液にγ−ポリグルタミン酸又はγ−ポリグルタミン酸塩の放射線架橋体を主成分とする凝集剤を添加し、該微細藻類を凝集させ、これによって得た微細藻類湿物と、糖質を添加し乳酸菌混在下乳酸発酵させた液との混合物を、飼料として家畜に給与するとともに、糖質を添加し乳酸菌混在下乳酸発酵させた液または該液と前記微細藻類湿物との混合物を水で希釈し、これを豚房に散布することを特徴とする畜産廃水の微細藻類による資源化処理法。The livestock wastewater is separated into solid and liquid, microalgae are cultured in the liquid, the liquid is purified, and the γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamate radiation cross-linked product is mainly added to the resulting microalgae growth solution. A flocculant as a component is added to agglomerate the microalgae, and a mixture of the wet microalgae obtained thereby and a liquid obtained by adding saccharides and fermenting lactic acid in the presence of lactic acid bacteria is fed to livestock as feed. In addition, a liquid obtained by adding saccharides and fermenting lactic acid in the presence of lactic acid bacteria, or a mixture of the liquid and the wet microalgae is diluted with water and sprayed onto a pig swine. Recycling method by. 前記固液分離にγ−ポリグルタミン酸又はγ−ポリグルタミン酸塩の放射線架橋体を主成分とする凝集剤を用いることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２記載の有機性廃水の微細藻類による資源化処理法。The organic wastewater resource by microalgae according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a flocculant mainly composed of a radiation cross-linked product of γ-polyglutamic acid or γ-polyglutamate is used for the solid-liquid separation. Chemical treatment method.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105417877A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 苏州恺利尔环保科技有限公司 Novel livestock wastewater treatment process
CN109052602A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-21 南京大学 A kind of natural macromolecule flocculating agent and its processing method for starch wastewater treatment
WO2021215439A1 (en) * 2020-04-23 2021-10-28 環境大善株式会社 Microalgae growth promoter and method for producing microalgae growth promoter
CN113817635A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-12-21 山东禹王工业技术研究院有限公司 Method for culturing bacillus by using soybean whey wastewater

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105417877A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 苏州恺利尔环保科技有限公司 Novel livestock wastewater treatment process
CN109052602A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-21 南京大学 A kind of natural macromolecule flocculating agent and its processing method for starch wastewater treatment
CN109052602B (en) * 2018-09-05 2021-04-23 南京大学 Natural polymeric flocculant for starch wastewater treatment and treatment method thereof
WO2021215439A1 (en) * 2020-04-23 2021-10-28 環境大善株式会社 Microalgae growth promoter and method for producing microalgae growth promoter
CN113817635A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-12-21 山东禹王工业技术研究院有限公司 Method for culturing bacillus by using soybean whey wastewater

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