JP2012235732A - Hydroponic method for zingiber mioga - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cultivate Zingiber mioga in a favorable environment using an inexpensive coconut shell medium without discharging a drainage with a high residual fertilizer concentration while reducing cost and the added amount of a fertilizer added to a culture fluid.SOLUTION: This hydroponic method for Zingiber mioga includes planting Zingiber mioga in the coconut shell medium 12 of a hydroponic bed 10, and supplying the culture fluid 16 to the hydroponic bed 10 to carry out hydroponic culture of Zingiber mioga. In the hydroponic method for Zingiber mioga, the fertilizer concentration of the culture fluid 16 supplied to the hydroponic bed 10 in an initial period of cultivation after planting Zingiber mioga is made thinner than a fertilizer concentration in a growing period after the lapse of the initial period of cultivation, and a coagulant is added to the drainage discharged from the hydroponic bed 10 in the initial period of cultivation to coagulate and eliminate a pollutant contained in the drainage and then to drain the drainage to the outside. In the growing period, a fertilizer and water are added and circulated in the coconut shell medium 12 in the hydroponic bed 10 without draining the drainage to the outside.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cultivation method in which myoga is planted in a coconut shell medium and hydroponically cultivated.

  As for myoga, about 1 to 3 tons of nutrient solution is discharged | emitted as drainage per day with respect to the cultivation area of 1000 square meters. Part of the water supplied to the hydroponic bed is discharged to the outside as drainage. The drainage liquid contains fertilizer components that have not been absorbed, and also contains various impurities, and when drained to the fields, causes various harmful effects. The drainage discharged from the hydroponic bed of Myoga contains a nitrogen component exceeding about 100 ppm and a phosphoric acid component exceeding about 30 ppm. Although the amount of water supplied to the hydroponic cultivation device can be reduced to reduce the amount of drainage, if the amount of drainage is reduced, it becomes impossible to uniformly supply water to all the cultivated myoga, making growth difficult. For this reason, a large amount of drainage is actually drained into the fields as sewage. In order to eliminate this harmful effect, a method has been developed in which the drainage drained from the hydroponics bed is circulated and reused repeatedly. (See Patent Documents 1 and 2)

  Patent Document 1 purifies agricultural effluent using a photocatalyst. Patent document 2 disinfects and purifies with a soil purification apparatus and ozone. These methods circulate and use the drainage, so that contamination by the drainage discharged to the field can be prevented. However, these methods have drawbacks such as an increase in equipment cost for circulating the drainage and difficulty in controlling the ozone concentration. In particular, the hydroponics method in which myoga is grown on a coconut shell medium can cultivate myoga in a preferable environment using an inexpensive medium, but it is not easy to remove a large amount of organic substances contained in the effluent of the coconut shell medium. For this reason, it is an excellent method in principle to circulate and reuse the drainage liquid of the hydroponic cultivation bed, but the actual situation is that it has not been adopted for realization due to equipment costs and running costs.

JP 2004-82095 A JP-A-64-47324

  The present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving the above drawbacks. An important object of the present invention is to use an inexpensive coconut husk medium as a medium and reduce drainage with a high residual fertilizer concentration to fields and rivers while reducing equipment costs and running costs, and also a nutrient solution An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroponic cultivation method for myoga that can grow myoga in a favorable environment while reducing the amount of fertilizer added to the mushroom.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  In the method for hydroponic cultivation of myoga of the present invention, myoga is planted on the coconut husk medium 12 of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10, and the nutrient solution 16 is supplied to the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 to perform hydroponic cultivation of myoga. The method of hydroponic cultivation of myoga is that the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution 16 supplied to the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 is set to be higher than the fertilizer concentration in the growing period after the initial stage of cultivation after planting myoga. At the beginning of cultivation, in the initial stage of cultivation, a flocculant is added to the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed 10 to coagulate and remove the pollutants contained in the drainage, and then drained to the outside, and the growth period In the method, fertilizer and water are added to the coconut shell medium 12 of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 without draining the drained liquid to the outside.

  The above-mentioned hydroponics method uses an inexpensive coconut husk culture medium as the culture medium, and reduces drainage with high residual fertilizer concentration to fields and rivers while reducing equipment costs and running costs. There is a feature that can be cultivated in a favorable environment while reducing the running cost by reducing the amount of fertilizer added to the liquid. The above cultivation method divides the cultivation period of myoga into the initial cultivation period in which myoga was planted and the growth period in which it grows to a predetermined size. In the early stage of cultivation, the fertilizer concentration is lower than the growth period. As a concentration, the process of removing the residual fertilizer in the drainage by lowering the residual fertilizer concentration in the drainage is omitted or simplified, and the pollutants contained in the drainage are agglomerated and removed to the outside. During the growing period, without draining the drainage with high residual fertilizer concentration to the outside, add fertilizer and circulate to the hydroponics bed to improve the growth of myoga, and drain the drainage during the growing period to the outside. This is because it is recycled to the hydroponic bed without being discharged. In the early stage of cultivation, the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution supplied to the nutrient solution cultivation bed is lowered, but this does not adversely affect the growth of myoga. This is because the initial planted ginger can grow in a favorable state by supplying a nutrient solution having a low fertilizer concentration. That is, according to the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention, the drainage is discharged outside only in the initial stage of cultivation with a low residual fertilizer concentration. It is also possible to control the residual fertilizer concentration so that drainage liquid with low residual fertilizer concentration discharged at the beginning of cultivation can be discharged outside without removing nitrogen and phosphate components, without removing residual fertilizer Alternatively, it can be easily removed and only polluted substances can be removed by agglomeration. For this reason, the treatment of the drainage discharged to the outside can be easily performed with extremely simple equipment.

  Further, during the growing period, since the effluent having a high residual fertilizer concentration is circulated to the hydroponics bed, there is a feature that the amount of fertilizer used can be significantly reduced by adding less fertilizer. This is because residual fertilizer is already contained in the effluent to be circulated. Incidentally, in the experiments of the present inventors, the hydroponics method of the present invention is characterized by being able to grow myoga in an optimal state while halving the amount of fertilizer to be added, compared to the conventional method of discharging the drainage to the outside. Has been demonstrated.

  Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention circulates and reuses the drainage discharged from the hydroponic bed during the growing period. In addition, the content of the pollutant is reduced by passing through the coconut shell medium and being filtered. Therefore, during the growing period, it is not necessary to remove the pollutant from the effluent and circulate it to the hydroponics bed, or it is possible to circulate by removing the pollutant sufficiently by extremely simple filtration. Therefore, during the growing period, an optimal growth environment for myoga can be realized by adding fertilizer to the drainage liquid and circulating it as a nutrient solution to the hydroponics bed.

  In the method for hydroponic cultivation of myoga of the present invention, the initial stage of cultivation can be made within 3 months after planting myoga.

In the method for cultivating myoga of the present invention, the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution 16 supplied to the coconut shell medium 12 at the initial stage of cultivation is such that the nitrogen content contained in the effluent is 60 ppm or less and the phosphorus content is 8 ppm or less. can do.
The above hydroponic cultivation method is characterized in that it can be discharged to the outside without removing the nitrogen component and the phosphate component from the drainage discharged from the hydroponic bed. By the way, as a “target value related to discharge treatment of myoga nutrient solution cultivation” in Kochi Prefecture, the nitrogen content contained in the effluent is 60 ppm or less, and the phosphoric acid component is 8 ppm or less. Therefore, in order to achieve this target value, the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution is set so that the nitrogen concentration contained in the drainage is 60 ppm or less and the phosphoric acid concentration is 8 ppm or less in the initial stage of cultivation.

In the method for cultivating myoga of the present invention, the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution 16 to be supplied to the coconut shell medium 12 during the growing period can be such that the nitrogen content is 60 ppm to 250 ppm and the phosphorus content is 8 ppm to 40 ppm.
The above hydroponic cultivation method can ideally grow a myoga by supplying a nutrient solution having a high fertilizer concentration to the hydroponic cultivation bed during the growing period.

Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation method for myoga of the present invention removes contaminants contained in the drainage discharged from the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 at the initial stage of cultivation, and sets the absorbance at a wavelength of 440 nm to 0.12 or less. It can be drained.
The above hydroponic cultivation method can decolorize the turbid drainage discharged from the hydroponic cultivation bed in the initial stage of cultivation and discharge it to the outside as clean water. By the way, the absorbance of the drainage liquid at a wavelength of 440 nm is set to 0.12 or less as “target value related to the drainage treatment of myoga nutrient solution cultivation” in Kochi Prefecture. Therefore, in order to achieve this target value, the pollutant contained in the drainage is sufficiently removed in the initial stage of cultivation, and then drained to the outside.

  Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation method for myoga of the present invention can adjust the pH of the drainage discharged from the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 to 5.8 or more and 8.6 or less and drain it to the outside at the initial stage of cultivation. .

Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation method for myoga of the present invention detects a disease of myoga cultivated in the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 during the growing period, and circulates the drainage to the palm gala medium 12 when the myoga disease occurs. The nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component contained in the drainage are removed, and the nitrogen content contained in the drainage can be reduced to 60 ppm or less and the phosphorus content can be set to 8 ppm or less to be discharged to the outside.
The above hydroponic cultivation method effectively prevents the spread of myoga disease by removing the nitrogen and phosphate components and discharging them to the outside without circulating the drainage when the disease occurs in myoga However, drainage liquid with low residual fertilizer concentration can be discharged to the outside.

Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation method for myoga of the present invention detects the temperature of the drainage discharged from the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 during the growth period, and when the temperature of the drainage is equal to or higher than the set temperature, the coconut husk medium of the drainage 12 is stopped, the nitrogen component and phosphoric acid component contained in the effluent are removed, and the nitrogen content contained in the effluent is reduced to 60 ppm or less and the phosphorus content is set to 8 ppm or less to be discharged to the outside. it can.
The above hydroponic cultivation method removes the nitrogen and phosphate components and circulates them outside without circulating the drainage when the temperature of the drainage is above the set value. While effectively preventing deterioration, drainage with a low residual fertilizer concentration can be discharged to the outside.

  Furthermore, in the method for cultivating myoga in the present invention, when disease occurs or when the temperature of the effluent is higher than a set temperature, Bacillus subtilis is added to the effluent or coconut husk medium 12 to add nitrogen and phosphate components. And can be discharged to the outside.

Furthermore, the method for cultivating myoga by hydroponics of the present invention can sterilize and circulate the effluent during the growing period.
The above hydroponic cultivation method is characterized in that, during the growing period, the drainage discharged from the hydroponic cultivation bed is sterilized and circulated to the hydroponic cultivation bed, so that the occurrence and spread of diseases can be effectively prevented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram of the cultivation apparatus used for the nourishing liquid cultivation method of a myoga concerning one Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the hydroponic cultivation bed of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. It is a partial cross section perspective view of the cultivation tray of the hydroponic cultivation bed shown in FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the examples shown below exemplify a hydroponic cultivation method for myoga for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention specifies the hydroponic cultivation method as the following method or apparatus. do not do. Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, numbers corresponding to the members shown in the examples are indicated in the “claims” and “means for solving problems” sections. It is added to the members. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.

  FIG. 1: shows the cultivation apparatus used for the hydroponic cultivation method of the myoga of this invention. This cultivation apparatus uses a coconut shell medium 12 as the medium of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10. As the coconut shell medium 12, a compressed medium in which coconut husk fibers are compressed and formed into a plate shape is used. The compressed medium is replenished with water and restored from the compressed state and used for the hydroponic bed 10. The compressed medium can be adjusted in pH by mixing granular charcoal with coconut fiber in a dispersed state. This compression medium is produced by dry mixing coconut fiber and granular charcoal, and compression-molding the mixture.

  The granular charcoal is mixed with coconut fiber fibers to make the whole medium evenly and weakly acidic suitable for cultivation of myoga, and preferably has an average particle diameter of 2 mm to 20 mm. The amount of granular charcoal added is 3 wt% to 25 wt%, preferably 5 wt% to 20 wt%, more preferably 10 wt% to 15 wt%. If the amount of granular charcoal added is too large, the alkalinity of the nutrient medium becomes too strong due to the alkalinity of the granular charcoal itself, so that it cannot be made weakly acidic suitable for cultivation of ginger. On the other hand, if the amount of granular coal added is too small, the pH control by microorganisms that inhabit the granular coal will not be sufficient, and the nutrient medium will become alkaline as cultivating myoga, which is the weak acidity that is optimal for cultivating myoga Can no longer hold. From this, the amount of granular charcoal added is adjusted to an optimum value so that the initial pH of the nutrient solution medium is weakly acidic and can be maintained weakly acidic even when cultivated with ginger.

  The compressed medium is immersed in water prior to being placed on the hydroponics bed 10. In this state, the palm fiber is restored from the compressed state to the original state. The restored palm fiber is dispersed in water to release the bonded state. In this state, the coconut husk fibers and the granular charcoal are agitated to further uniformly disperse the granular charcoal, and this is placed on a thickness of about 10 cm to 15 cm to form the hydroponic bed 10. Further, the coconut shell medium 12 can be used alone or in combination with, for example, an organic substance or an inorganic substance in addition to the granular charcoal, and can also be used without adding the granular charcoal.

  Myouga is planted in the coconut husk culture medium 12 of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10, and the nutrient solution is supplied to the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 for hydroponic cultivation. In the first cultivation period after planting the myoga, the drainage discharged from the hydroponic bed 10 is discharged to an external field or river. In the growing period after the initial cultivation period, the drainage of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 is circulated to the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 for reuse without draining it to the outside.

  The initial stage of cultivation is 1 to 2 months after planting myoga. However, the initial cultivation period can be within 3 months, or can be shorter than 1 month. At the initial stage of cultivation, the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution supplied to the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 is made lower than the fertilizer concentration during the growing period, and the residual fertilizer concentration of the drainage is lowered. The fertilizer concentration at the initial stage of cultivation is preferably a concentration at which the nitrogen content contained in the effluent is 60 ppm or less and the phosphorus content is 8 ppm or less. In the early stage of cultivation, the drainage with the nitrogen content and the phosphorus content of the effluent of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 having the above concentrations can be obtained without removing the nitrogen component and the phosphate component in Kochi Prefecture. And can be discharged into rivers. This is because Kochi Prefecture's “Japan Tosa Kuroshio Myoga Subcommittee establishes drainage standards for myoga nutrient culture”. However, the nutrient solution supplied to the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 in the early stage of cultivation can reduce the concentration of the nitrogen component of the drainage to 100 ppm or less and the phosphorus content to 10 ppm or less. The drainage liquid having the nitrogen content and the phosphorus content at this concentration can be drained to the outside by removing the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component with a simple processing device. However, drainage with a nitrogen component of 60 ppm or less and a phosphorus content of 8 ppm or less is also drained by removing the nitrogen component and phosphate component, further reducing the residual fertilizer concentration and making the field more contaminated. Can be reduced.

  In the initial stage of cultivation, since the residual fertilizer concentration is low, it can be drained outside without removing the residual fertilizer. However, the drainage liquid at the initial stage of cultivation contains a large amount of pollutants discharged through the coconut shell medium 12. This pollutant contains a large amount of organic pollutant separated from the coconut shell medium 12. Further, the coconut husk medium 12 in which the granular charcoal is mixed includes a pollutant separated from the granular charcoal in addition to the organic pollutant of the coconut husk medium 12. The drainage liquid that has passed through the coconut husk medium consisting only of coconut husk fibers has a dark brown color due to the contained pollutants. Furthermore, the drainage liquid that has passed through the coconut shell medium mixed with granular charcoal has a darker brown color. Therefore, although the drainage liquid at the initial stage of cultivation has a low residual fertilizer concentration, it contains a large amount of pollutants and is removed and drained to the outside. Since the drainage liquid at this time is dark due to the pollutant, it is necessary to remove the pollutant, but it is not necessary to remove the residual fertilizer that takes time and effort to remove, or it can be easily removed and drained. it can.

  The effluent turbid in the dark due to the pollutants is drained outside after removing the pollutants until the absorbance is below the set value. The drainage liquid is drained to the outside after adjusting the density of the drainage color so that the absorbance at a wavelength of 440 nm is 0.12 or less. Here, the absorbance of the drainage is measured using a spectrophotometer. The drainage color of the coconut shell medium has peaks at wavelengths of 390 nm and 440 nm, and the value of 440 nm is easy to compare with the apparent shade, so the absorbance value in light with a wavelength of 440 nm is used. Furthermore, the drainage drained to the outside at the beginning of cultivation is drained after the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) is adjusted to be 5.8 or more and 8.6 or less. In addition, the above numerical value satisfies the standard prescribed | regulated by "the drainage standard concerning the myoga hydroponic cultivation which the JA Tosa Kuroshio myoga subcommittee establishes" of Kochi Prefecture.

  The pollutant contained in the drainage liquid in the early stage of cultivation is added with an aggregating agent, which is aggregated and removed. The cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 branches the discharge side of the drainage storage tank 8 and connects a drain valve 36 to one side and a circulation valve 37 to the other side. The drain valve 36 and the circulation valve 37 open the drain valve 36 and close the circulation valve 37 when draining the drainage liquid to the outside, and close the drain valve 36 when circulating the drainage liquid to the hydroponic cultivation bed 10. Open the circulation valve 37. In a state where the drain valve 36 is opened, the drainage liquid in the drainage storage tank 8 passes through the pollutant removing device 60 and is drained to the outside. In the state where the circulation valve 37 is opened, the drainage is supplied to the hydroponic bed 10 and circulated.

  In the initial stage of cultivation, since the drainage of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 is drained to the outside, it is washed with the nutrient solution that permeates the coconut shell medium 12 and drainage is improved, and the growth environment of myoga is improved. The drained coconut husk medium 12 is contained in the coconut husk medium 12 and the pollutants are also removed. Therefore, in the initial stage of cultivation, as time passes, in other words, as the amount of nutrient solution to be permeated increases, The liquid becomes beautiful. For example, when 1 to 3 months of the initial stage of cultivation is passed after planting the myoga, the amount of pollutants contained in the drainage of the hydroponic bed 10 is considerably reduced. In this state, the ginger grows considerably and grows more rapidly at a higher fertilizer concentration. Therefore, during the growing period, fertilizer is added to the drainage of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10, the fertilizer concentration is increased, the fertilizer is supplied to the hydroponic cultivation bed 10, and is circulated through the hydroponic cultivation bed 10. That is, without draining the drainage of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 to the outside, it is circulated and reused as a nutrient solution to the hydroponic cultivation bed 10. In this state, since the amount of polluted substances in the drainage is small, even if fertilizer is added and circulated through the hydroponics bed 10, the drainage of the coconut shell medium 12 does not deteriorate. The fertilizer that was not absorbed by the ginger remains in the drainage of the hydroponic bed 10. Therefore, the amount of fertilizer added to the drainage can be reduced, and the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution can be optimized for the growth of the ginger. The amount of fertilizer added to the effluent is adjusted by detecting the residual fertilizer concentration. The higher the residual fertilizer concentration, the smaller the amount of fertilizer added, and the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution can be set to the set value. During the growth period, the nutrient solution supplied to the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 grows in an ideal state with a high fertilizer concentration. In the growth period, the drainage of the hydroponic bed 10 is circulated to the hydroponic bed 10 without draining to the outside, so that the drainage valve 36 is closed and the circulation valve 37 is opened in the cultivation apparatus of FIG. And

  The cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 used in the above state is a nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 of a coconut husk culture medium 12 for nutrient cultivation of myoga and a drainage storage tank 8 for temporarily storing the drainage of the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10. And during the growing period, a nutrient solution apparatus 30 for adding fertilizer to the drainage discharged from the drainage storage tank 8 and circulating it to the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 and the drainage from the drainage storage tank 8 in the initial stage of cultivation. And a removal device 60 that removes the pollutant from the discharged liquid and drains it to the outside.

  The removal device 60 includes an agitation tank 1 to which waste liquid is supplied, an aggregating agent supply device 2 that supplies the aggregating agent to the agitation tank 1 and aggregates contaminants contained in the waste liquid, and an aggregating agent supply device 2. And a waste container 4 connected to the bottom of the agitation tank 1 for allowing the polluted material that has aggregated and precipitated to flow into the bottom of the agitation tank 1 to flow into the agitation tank 1. And a filtration tank 5 connected to the agitation tank 1 and supplied with the drained liquid from which the pollutant is separated to separate the polluted agglomerated substance. Furthermore, the cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 has connected the separation device 70 of the residual fertilizer which isolate | separates a residual fertilizer from the waste liquid discharged | emitted outside to the discharge side of the removal apparatus 60. FIG. Only when the residual fertilizer concentration contained in the effluent of the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 is smaller than the set value, this cultivating apparatus allows the effluent discharged from the removing device 60 to pass through the separating device 70 and the residual fertilizer. Reduce the concentration and drain.

  The separation device 70 is supplied with the waste liquid filtered of the pollutants in the filtration tank 5 of the removal device 60, and decomposes and removes the nitrogen and phosphoric acid components contained in the waste liquid by microorganisms. I have.

  The above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga has a drainage valve 36 opened and a circulation valve 37 closed in the initial stage of cultivation after planting myoga, and the drainage discharged from the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 It is supplied to the removing device 60 from the drainage storage tank 8, and the removing device 60 removes the pollutant and drains it to the outside. The drainage liquid having a high residual fertilizer concentration is allowed to pass through the separation device 70 to reduce the residual fertilizer concentration and drain it to the outside. The removing device 60 supplies the waste liquid supplied from the waste liquid storage tank 8 to the agitation tank 1, and coagulates and precipitates the pollutant contained in the waste liquid supplied to the agitation tank 1 with the flocculant. The waste liquid from which the pollutant is removed is filtered through the filtration tank 5 to remove the pollutant. Drainage liquid with low residual fertilizer concentration is drained outside in this state. The waste liquid with a high residual fertilizer concentration is supplied to the treatment tank 6 of the separation device 70 from which the pollutants are removed, and the nitrogen and phosphoric acid components are removed from the treatment tank 6 and discharged to the outside. .

  The nutrient solution cultivating apparatus in FIG. 1 supplies waste liquid that permeates and drains through the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 to the agitation tank 1 via the drainage storage tank 8. The drainage storage tank 8 temporarily stores the drainage and supplies it to the stirring tank 1. The drainage liquid in the drainage storage tank 8 is supplied to the stirring tank 1 by the drainage pump 48. The waste liquid treated in the stirring tank 1 flows naturally and is supplied to the filtration tank 5, and the waste liquid filtered in the filtration tank 5 flows naturally and is supplied to the treatment tank 6. However, the waste liquid treated in the agitation tank is supplied to the filtration tank by a supply pump (not shown), and the waste liquid filtered by the filtration tank is supplied to the treatment tank by a supply pump (not shown). You can also.

  The agitation tank 1 of the removing device 60 mixes the flocculant supplied from the flocculant supply device 2 with the drainage liquid, stirs the drainage liquid to which the flocculant is added, with the stirrer 3, and pollutants contained in the drainage liquid Is agglomerated and precipitated with a flocculant. An inorganic flocculant such as a sulfuric acid band is used as the flocculant. However, the flocculant is not specified as an inorganic flocculant. As the flocculant, organic flocculants and decolorizing bacteria can be used, and the flocculant can be in any form such as solid, liquid, and gas.

  The stirring tank 1 has a shape in which the bottom surface 1A is inclined downward toward the discharge port 1a in order to smoothly discharge the aggregated and precipitated contaminants to the outside. The agitation tank 1 in FIG. 1 has a bottom surface 1A having an inverted conical shape, a discharge port 1a provided at the center of the bottom surface 1A, and a shape that is inclined downward toward the discharge port 1a. The discharge port 1a is connected to the waste container 4 via the open / close valve 41 and the hose 42, and the pollutant is discharged to the waste container 4 via the hose 42 in a state where the open / close valve 41 is opened.

  The stirrer 3 has a stirring blade 44 fixed to a rotating shaft 43A of a motor 43, and the motor 43 is fixed to the upper center of the stirring tank 1 with the rotating shaft 43A in a vertical posture. The rotating shaft 43A is arranged in a vertical posture at the center of the stirring tank 1, and a stirring blade 44 is fixed to the lower end. This stirrer 3 repeats operation and stop with the flocculant added, and stirs the drainage. The stirrer 3 that repeats operation and stop can quickly aggregate and precipitate the pollutant while uniformly mixing the drainage and the flocculant. However, the stirrer 3 can be operated continuously, and the flocculant can be mixed with the effluent to cause aggregation and precipitation.

  The flocculant supply device 2 supplies the flocculant at a predetermined ratio with respect to the drainage while supplying the drainage from the drainage storage tank 8 to the stirring tank 1. The flocculant addition apparatus 2 includes a flocculant tank 2A that stores an aqueous solution of the flocculant, and an addition pump 2B that sucks the flocculant aqueous solution from the flocculant tank 2A and supplies the flocculant aqueous solution to the stirring tank 1. The flocculant adding device 2 supplies the flocculant to the stirring tank 1 at a predetermined rate while supplying a predetermined amount of drainage from the drainage storage tank 8 to the stirring tank 1, and adds the flocculant to the stirring tank 1. The amount of the flocculant in the effluent of the stirring tank 1 is adjusted by controlling the amount. In the agitation tank 1, the agitator 3 is operated to agitate the flocculant and the drainage liquid to agglomerate and precipitate the pollutant.

  The pollutant deposited on the bottom of the stirring tank 1 is opened from the hose 42 to the waste container 4 by opening the on-off valve 41. The on-off valve 41 is controlled by a timer (not shown), is opened at regular intervals, and discharges the pollutant that precipitates at the bottom of the stirring tank 1 to the waste container 4. The drainage liquid separated by aggregating and precipitating the pollutant in the stirring tank 1 is transferred to the filtration tank 5. In the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1, the filtration tank 5 is disposed below the stirring tank 1, and the waste liquid from the stirring tank 1 is naturally flowed to the filtration tank 5 and transferred. An open / close valve 46 is connected to the pipe 45 connected between the stirring tank 1 and the filtration tank 5, and the drainage liquid is transferred from the stirring tank 1 to the filtration tank 5 by opening the open / close valve 46. This on-off valve 46 is opened and closed by a level sensor 47 provided in the stirring tank 1. The level sensor 47 opens and closes the opening / closing valve 46 so that the liquid level of the stirring tank 1 is in a predetermined range. That is, the opening / closing valve 46 is opened when the liquid level becomes higher than the maximum setting level, and the opening / closing valve 46 is closed when the liquid level becomes lower than the minimum setting level, thereby controlling the liquid level in the agitation tank 1 within the setting range.

  1 arranges the filtration tank 5 below the stirring tank 1 and naturally transfers the drainage from the stirring tank 1 to the filtration tank 5. This hydroponic cultivation apparatus can transfer the drainage from the stirring tank 1 to the filtration tank 5 without using a pump. However, the effluent from the agitation tank can also be transferred to the filtration tank by a pump. In the apparatus for transferring by the pump, the operation of the pump is controlled by the level sensor of the stirring tank, and the liquid level of the stirring tank is controlled within the set range.

  The pollutant discharged from the stirring tank 1 is discharged to the disposal container 4. The waste container 4 is a water-permeable elongate bag. The elongate water-permeable bag is a plastic elongate cylindrical bag 4A having countless through holes. The waste container 4 of the cylindrical bag 4A is stored in a long and narrow receptacle 9. The receiving bowl 9 is placed between the paddy fields and receives drainage liquid leaking from the through-hole 4a of the cylindrical bag 4A and prevents it from being discharged into the field. The aquaculture apparatus in FIG. 1 collects drainage liquid leaking from the cylindrical bag 4 </ b> A in the stirring tank 1. This waste container 4 is installed in a field and collects pollutants. Moreover, the liquid component contained in the pollutant is received and discharged into the bowl 9 to reduce the moisture content of the pollutant. Therefore, the water content of the pollutant collected from the disposal container 4 can be reduced, and disposal can be simplified. The drainage liquid collected in the receiving bowl 9 is transferred to the stirring tank 1 by the pump 49.

  The filtration tank 5 is separated into an inflow chamber 51 and a discharge chamber 52 by a filter medium 50 arranged horizontally. In the filtration tank 5 of FIG. 1, the lower side of the filter medium 50 is the inflow chamber 51, the upper side is the discharge chamber 52, and the inflow chamber 51 is disposed below the discharge chamber 52. The inflow chamber 51 is connected to the agitation tank 1 and supplied with the drainage liquid from which contaminants are removed in the agitation tank 1. The discharge chamber 52 is connected to the processing tank 6 and transfers the waste liquid filtered by the filter medium 50 to the processing tank 6. The filter medium 50 is used to filter and separate the pollutant contained in the drainage, and a non-woven fabric is used. As the filter medium, a netting material can be used instead of the nonwoven fabric. Moreover, the filter medium which put gravel and sand on the net | network material can also be used.

  The filtration tank 5 in FIG. 1 connects the bottom of the inflow chamber 51 to the agitation tank 1 via a sediment return pump 53. The sediment return pump 53 transfers the pollutant deposited on the bottom of the filtration tank 5 to the stirring tank 1 together with the drainage. The pollutant transferred to the stirring tank 1 is transferred again from the stirring tank 1 to the waste container 4. This nutrient solution cultivating apparatus can circulate waste liquid through the stirring tank 1 and the filtration tank 5, collect the pollutant in the stirring tank 1, and transfer it to the waste container 4. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the amount of the pollutant volume in the bottom of the filtration tank 5 and reduce the removal of the pollutant substance from the filtration tank 5. The effluent filtered in the filtration tank 5 overflows and drains to the outside, or is transferred to the treatment tank 6 of the separation device 70 and drained with a lower residual fertilizer concentration.

  The processing tank 6 of the separation device 70 for reducing the residual fertilizer concentration is added with microorganisms that decompose the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component, and removes the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component contained in the supplied effluent. The treatment tank 6 decomposes the supplied effluent with microorganisms to remove nitrogen components and phosphoric acid components, decolorizes them, and drains them as clean water. The processing tank 6 is supplied with microorganisms that decompose and remove nitrogen components and phosphoric acid components from the microorganism tank 7.

  The microorganism tank 7 stores a microorganism liquid that is a liquid containing microorganisms. The microorganism liquid stored in the microorganism tank 7 is supplied to the processing tank 6 by opening the supply valve 39. The microbial tank 7 supplies a microbial solution containing Bacillus subtilis to the processing tank 6 to decompose the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component of the effluent of the processing tank 6, and to discolor and make clean water. Bacillus subtilis can be used as a microbial solution for treating the drainage of the treatment tank 6. The microorganism tank 7 propagates the added microorganisms. Therefore, it is not necessary to add a microorganism, and methyl alcohol for activating the microorganism is supplied at a certain ratio. The supply amount of methyl alcohol is, for example, 5 cc to 10 cc per day in a nutrient solution cultivation device having a cultivation area of 1000 square meters. As the Bacillus subtilis added to the microorganism tank 7, for example, DM-21 manufactured by Bio Research Co., Ltd. can be used. The microorganism tank 7 first supplies 10 kg of DM-21 to propagate microorganisms. Thereafter, since the microorganisms propagate, it is not necessary to add them, and the microorganism liquid is supplied to the processing tank 6 while adding only methyl alcohol to propagate the microorganisms. The microorganism tank 7 can supply all microorganisms that can decompose the nitrogen component and the phosphate component contained in the drainage. The waste liquid is removed from the turbidity by the agitation tank 1 and the filtration tank 5 to remove turbidity, and is further discolored by microorganisms supplied to the treatment tank 6 to become clean water.

  The amount of the microbial solution added from the microbial tank 7 to the processing tank 6 is controlled by the flow rate of the drainage supplied to the processing tank 6 and the time for opening the supply valve 39 to control the microbial concentration in the processing tank 6. To do. The treatment tank 6 is set to a concentration at which nitrogen and phosphoric acid components contained in the effluent supplied from the filtration tank 5 are removed to a predetermined concentration, further decolorized, and drained to the outside as clear treated water. The

  Although the treatment tank and the microorganism tank are not shown, a porous material such as zeolite or barleystone can be accommodated, and the effluent can be treated by inhaling microorganisms in the porous material. Furthermore, the processing tank can also bubble air to the bottom with a bubbling device. The bubbling device pressurizes air with a compressor, and sprays the pressurized air in the form of fine bubbles from the bottom of the processing tank. Air injected into the liquid floats on the liquid surface as countless bubbles. This processing tank can quickly decolorize the drainage liquid by countless bubbles injected into the liquid in the processing tank by bubbling. Furthermore, the bubble to be bubbled supplies oxygen to Bacillus subtilis and actively decomposes the phosphate component.

  1 supplies a part of the drainage of the processing tank 6 to the microorganism tank 7 of the microorganism tank 7 and supplies the microorganism liquid from the microorganism tank 7 to the processing tank 6. The microorganism tank 7 is arranged at a position higher than the processing tank 6, and the supply valve 39 is opened to transfer the microorganism liquid from the microorganism tank 7 to the processing tank 6 without using a pump. 1 supplies a part of the drainage from the processing tank 6 to the microorganism tank 7 by the liquid return pump 56 and circulates a part of the drainage between the processing tank 6 and the microorganism tank 7. Thus, the nitrogen component and the phosphate component are more efficiently decomposed by the microorganism.

  Further, the microorganism tank 7 supplies groundwater through a level adjustment pump 57. The level adjustment pump 57 supplies groundwater to the microorganism tank 7 and keeps the liquid level within a certain range. The microorganism tank 7 includes a level sensor 58, and the level sensor 58 controls the operation of the level adjusting pump 57 to control the liquid level within a set range. The waste liquid processed in the processing tank 6 overflows the processing tank 6 and is drained.

  Furthermore, the processing tank of the separation device that lowers the residual fertilizer concentration can also add a dephosphorizing material to remove the phosphoric acid component contained in the supplied effluent. This processing tank supplies, for example, calcium-containing gypsum or lime as a dephosphorizing material into the drainage liquid in the tank, and removes the phosphoric acid component contained in the drainage liquid. In addition to decomposing the supplied effluent with microorganisms to remove the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component, this treatment tank removes the phosphoric acid component by the added dephosphorizing material and drains it. Furthermore, the method of adding a lime component to the effluent as a dephosphorizing material has a feature that the pH can be adjusted by neutralizing the effluent that is biased to acidity.

  The above hydroponic cultivation apparatus supplies the effluent discharged from the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 to the agitation tank 1, and coagulates and precipitates the pollutant in the agitation tank 1, separates it, and discharges it to the waste container 4. The effluent from which the pollutant has been removed is filtered through the filtration tank 5 to further remove the pollutants, and the effluent from which the pollutants have been removed is supplied to the treatment tank 6. The ingredients are removed and faded, and the water is discharged into the field as clean water.

  When the ginger grows and reaches the growing period, the drain valve 36 is closed, the drainage is not drained to the outside, the circulation valve 37 is opened, the drainage is supplied from the drainage storage tank 8 to the nutrient solution supply device 30, Fertilizer is added to the effluent and circulated in the hydroponics bed 10 as a nutrient solution. The effluent supplied from the effluent storage tank 8 to the nutrient solution supply device 30 can be sterilized and circulated to the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10. The drainage liquid circulated to the hydroponic cultivation bed 10 can be sterilized by, for example, ozone sterilization or using a photocatalyst. The sterilization of the drainage can be performed inside the drainage storage tank 8 that temporarily stores the drainage discharged from the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10, or is supplied from the drainage storage tank 8 to the nutrient solution supply device 30. Can be performed in the middle of the supply path. Thus, by sterilizing and circulating the drainage discharged from the hydroponic bed 10, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of disease and spread.

  The amount of drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed 10 is smaller than the amount of water supplied to the hydroponic bed 10. This is because part of the nutrient solution supplied to the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 is absorbed by the coconut shell medium 12. For this reason, raw water is added to the circulated effluent. Therefore, the nutrient solution supply device 30 includes a raw water supply device 32 that adds raw water such as ground water to the drainage supplied from the drainage storage tank 8, and a fertilizer that adds fertilizer to the raw water supplied from the raw water supply device 32. And an addition device 33.

  The raw water supply device 32 includes a raw water pump 32 </ b> A that sucks and supplies groundwater to the supply path 35 of the nutrient solution supply device 30. The raw water pump 32 </ b> A supplies groundwater, which is raw water, to the supply path 35 at a predetermined flow rate. However, although not shown, the raw water supply device may be constituted by a raw water tank that stores a predetermined amount of raw water and a raw water pump that sucks the raw water from the raw water tank and supplies the raw water to the supply path of the fertilizer addition device. This raw water tank stores the raw water of the quantity supplied to the hydroponic bed at one time.

  The fertilizer adding device 33 adds a predetermined fertilizer to the circulating water in which the circulated drainage liquid and the raw water supplied from the raw water supply device 32 are mixed. The liquid fertilizer adding device 33 includes a liquid fertilizer tank 33A that stores liquid fertilizer that is an aqueous solution of fertilizer, and an addition pump 33B that sucks the liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer tank 33A and adds it to the circulating water. The fertilizer adding device 33 adds liquid fertilizer so that the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution becomes a set value. The fertilizer addition apparatus 33 adjusts the fertilizer density | concentration of a nutrient solution by controlling the liquid fertilizer amount added to circulating water. The fertilizer adding device 33 in FIG. 1 controls the amount of fertilizer added while detecting the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution to which the fertilizer has been added with the concentration sensor 34. This fertilizer addition apparatus 33 uses a sensor that detects the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution as the concentration sensor 34. The concentration sensor 34 detects the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution, controls the flow rate of the addition pump 33B with the detected fertilizer concentration, and controls the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution to a predetermined range. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 has two sets of fertilizer addition apparatuses 33. The two sets of fertilizer adding devices 33 add different liquid fertilizers to the raw water. Each fertilizer addition device 33 controls the flow rate of the addition pump 33B with a signal from the concentration sensor 34, thereby controlling the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution to the set concentration. When the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution detected by the concentration sensor 34 is lower than the set value, each fertilizer addition device 33 increases the fertilizer concentration by controlling to increase the flow rate of the addition pump 33B. When the fertilizer concentration detected by the sensor 34 is high, the flow rate of the addition pump 33B is controlled to be low, the fertilizer concentration is lowered, and the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution is controlled to the set value. The above fertilizer addition apparatus 33 adjusts so that the fertilizer density | concentration of the nutrient solution supplied to the coconut husk culture medium 12 in a growth period may become nitrogen content 60ppm-250ppm and phosphorus content 8ppm-40ppm preferably. However, the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution supplied during the growing period can be such that the nitrogen content is 250 ppm or more and the phosphorus content is 40 ppm or more.

  Furthermore, although not shown in figure, the fertilizer addition apparatus can also be equipped with the trace component addition apparatus which adds the various trace components required for plant cultivation, for example, a metal element etc., to the nutrient solution which added liquid fertilizer. This trace component addition apparatus includes a solution tank that stores a solution containing a trace component, and an addition pump that adds the trace component-containing solution stored in the solution tank to the nutrient solution, and is supplied to the nutrient solution cultivation bed. A predetermined amount of a trace component is added to the liquid.

  FIG. 2 shows a hydroponic bed 10 for myoga. The hydroponics bed 10 of this figure is provided with a coconut husk medium 12 having a predetermined thickness and width for growing a myoga root, and a cultivation tray 13 on which the coconut husk medium 12 is placed. The cultivation tray 13 is placed in a horizontal posture on the horizontal cultivation table 14. The horizontal cultivation table 14 includes three or four vertical pipes 15 arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval. The vertical pipe 15 is disposed horizontally. The cultivation tray 13 is placed horizontally on the vertical pipe 15. On the cultivation tray 13, a coconut shell medium 12 is placed, and a nutrient solution 16 is supplied to the coconut shell medium 12 to cultivate myoga.

  Further, the hydroponic bed 10 of FIG. 2 is laminated under the coconut shell medium 12, and a root cutting sheet 17 that prevents the passage of the roots of the myoga planted in the coconut shell medium 12 and allows water to pass through, A cultivation tray 13 on which the coconut shell medium 12 is placed, a water retaining sheet 18 that is laminated under the root cutting sheet 17 and supplies water to the coconut shell medium 12, and a base film 19 that is laminated under the water retaining sheet 18. Is laid. These nutrient solution cultivation beds 10 supply the nutrient solution 16 to the coconut shell medium 12 arranged on the cultivation tray 13 and cultivate myoga on the coconut shell medium 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cultivation tray 13 is formed by integrally forming a pair of side walls 20 protruding upward along both side edges of the bottom surface, and has a cross-sectional shape of a groove shape. The side wall 20 prevents the nutrient solution 16 supplied from the coconut shell medium 12 and the water supply pipe 21 placed on the cultivation tray 13 from spilling outside the cultivation tray 13. Therefore, the height of the side wall 20 is formed to a height that can prevent the coconut shell medium 12 and the nutrient solution 16 from spilling outside.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cultivation tray 13 is provided with three rows of drainage grooves 22 on the upper surface. The cultivation tray 13 of this figure is provided with a pair of side grooves 22A provided along the side walls 20 on both sides as a drainage groove 22, and a central groove 22B provided between the pair of side grooves 22A. 22A and the central groove 22B are connected by a connecting groove (not shown).

  The pair of side grooves 22 </ b> A is provided inside the pair of side walls 20 and along the side walls 20. The side grooves 22 </ b> A are provided to extend to both end surfaces of the cultivation tray 13. The cultivation tray 13 guides the drainage that permeates the coconut shell medium 12 to the side groove 22A, and drains it from the side groove 22A to the outside of the cultivation tray 13 as drainage.

  The hydroponics bed 10 lays a base film 19 of a non-permeable sheet on the cultivation tray 13. The base film 19 is laid on the cultivation tray 13. The base film 19 partitions the coconut shell medium 12, the root cutting sheet 17 and the water retaining sheet 18 disposed on the upper side and the cultivation tray 13 disposed on the lower side. The base film 19 is a water-impermeable sheet, and prevents the drained liquid that has passed through the coconut shell medium 12 from passing therethrough and penetrating into the cultivation tray 13. The base film 19 is larger than the outer shape of the cultivation tray 13 and is extended to the outer surfaces of the side walls 20 on both sides. This is to prevent the drained liquid from entering between the side wall 20 and the base film 19.

  The base film 19 is laid in a state along the top surface of the cultivation tray 13. The base film 19 laid in the side groove 22 </ b> A and the central groove 22 </ b> B is laid along the inner surface of the cultivation tray 13. In the base film 19 laid along the inner surfaces of the side grooves 22A and the central groove 22B, the drainage flows through the grooves formed inside thereof. The base film 19 is a water-impermeable sheet made of a plastic film.

  The water retaining sheet 18 is located on the upper surface 8 of the cultivation tray 13 and is laid on the base film 19. The water retaining sheet 18 absorbs and retains the drainage that has passed through the coconut shell medium 12 and the root cutting sheet 17.

  The root cutting sheet 17 is a sheet that is also called a root prevention sheet, and a commercially available sheet is used. The root cutting sheet 17 may be any sheet that can permeate water and prevent the roots of the plant from growing and passing. The root cutting sheet 17 is laminated under the coconut shell medium 12 and prevents the roots of plants planted in the coconut shell medium 12 from passing therethrough.

  The above hydroponics bed 10 is horizontally arranged on the horizontal cultivation table 14. The horizontal cultivation table 14 shown in FIG. 2 is a platform that is arranged away from the ground. As described above, the hydroponics bed 10 placed on the platform has a feature that the drainage drained to the outside can flow down naturally and can be efficiently collected.

  In the above-mentioned nourishing liquid cultivation bed 10, the nourishing liquid 16 supplied from the nourishing liquid supply device 30 is sprayed from the water supply pipe 21, and the nourishing liquid 16 is supplied to the coconut shell medium 12 in which the plant is planted. A fixed amount of nutrient solution 16 is continuously supplied to the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 or a predetermined amount of nutrient solution 16 is supplied at predetermined time intervals. The nutrient solution 16 supplied to the myoga permeates the coconut shell medium 12 and the root cutting sheet 17, a part is absorbed by the water retention sheet 18, and the rest flows into the side groove 22 </ b> A as drainage and drains as drainage. The

  The nutrient solution 16 supplied to the myoga is a solution obtained by adding fertilizer to water. Therefore, it is not preferable to drain the drainage that has passed through the coconut shell medium 12 and the root cutting sheet 17 to the open ground without processing. This is because the soil is polluted by nitrate nitrogen or phosphorous phosphorus, which are fertilizer components contained in the drainage, or the growth of weeds and bacteria is promoted. As shown in FIG. 1, the drainage drained through the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 is drained to the outside through the pollutant removal device 60 in the initial stage of cultivation. Supplied to the solution device 30, fertilizer is added and circulated to the hydroponic bed 10.

  In the early stage of cultivation, the drainage of the hydroponics bed 10 is supplied from the agitation tank 1 to the filtration tank 5 via the drainage storage tank 8, and the filtered waste liquid is discharged to the outside after the contaminants are removed, Alternatively, it is transferred to the processing tank 6 of the separation device 70 and decomposes the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component in the processing tank 6. The total volume of the drainage storage tank 8 and the agitation tank 1 is preferably a volume that can store the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed 10 at a time. For example, in a device that discharges 1.5 tons of drainage at a time, the total volume of the drainage storage tank 8 and the stirring tank 1 is 1.5 to 2 tons.

  Furthermore, when a disease occurs in the myoga cultivated in the hydroponic bed 10 during the growing period, the circulation of the drainage is stopped to prevent the spread of the myoga disease. Since the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution in the growing period is higher in the initial stage of cultivation, the drainage discharged from the nutrient solution cultivation bed 10 has a higher residual fertilizer concentration than in the initial stage of cultivation and cannot be drained as it is. Therefore, the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed 10 and not circulated is drained to the outside after the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component are removed and the residual fertilizer concentration is lowered in the separator 70.

  The above-mentioned myoga nourishing culture apparatus closes the circulation valve 37 and stops the supply of the drainage liquid from the drainage storage tank 8 to the nourishing liquid supply apparatus 30 when a disease occurs in myoga during the growing period. Further, the drainage valve 36 is opened, and the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed 10 is supplied from the drainage storage tank 8 to the removal device 60. The removing device 60 removes the pollutant contained in the drainage and supplies it to the separating device 70. However, since the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed 10 during the growing period has a low content of pollutants, it is not always necessary to remove the pollutants from the drainage in the above-described process, and the removing device 60. Can also be supplied to the separation device 70. For example, the removing device 60 supplies the flocculant from the flocculant supply device 2 and causes the drainage liquid to pass through the agitation tank 1 without aggregating and precipitating the pollutant. It is also possible to remove the pollutant and discharge it to the separation device 70.

  The separation device 70 decomposes and removes the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component contained in the effluent to reduce the residual fertilizer concentration in the effluent. As described above, the separation device 70 supplies the waste liquid discharged from the removal device 60 to the processing tank 6, and also decomposes the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component from the microorganism tank 7 into the processing tank 6. Is added to decompose and remove the nitrogen component and phosphoric acid component contained in the effluent. In particular, when a disease occurs, Bacillus subtilis is added to the effluent to decompose and remove the nitrogen component and the phosphate component. The separation device 70 decomposes and removes the nitrogen and phosphoric acid components contained in the effluent until the nitrogen content contained in the effluent is 60 ppm or less and the phosphorus content is 8 ppm or less. Drain outside as water.

  Furthermore, in the state where the illness is cultivated in the cultivated bed 10, drainage liquid is not circulated to the nutrient solution supply device 30, so the nutrient solution supply device 30 supplies the raw water supplied from the raw water supply device 32. In addition, a fertilizer is added by the fertilizer adding device 33 and supplied to the coconut shell medium 12 as a nutrient solution 16 having a predetermined fertilizer concentration. Furthermore, Bacillus subtilis can also be added to the nutrient solution 16 supplied to the coconut shell medium 12 at the time of disease occurrence.

  As described above, when a syrup occurs in myoga, the cultivating solution for myoga removes the nitrogen and phosphate components and circulates them to the outside without circulating the drainage. While effectively preventing the spread, the residual fertilizer concentration in the effluent can be lowered and drained to the outside.

  Furthermore, when the temperature of the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed 10 becomes higher than the set temperature during the growing period, the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus for the myoga stops circulation of the drainage and drains the drainage to the outside. To do. This is because when the temperature of the drainage liquid becomes high, the oxygen concentration in the drainage liquid decreases and anaerobic bacteria easily propagate, and in an environment where the temperature of the drainage liquid becomes high, the disease tends to occur in myoga. . Therefore, when the temperature of the drainage discharged from the hydroponic bed 10 reaches a set temperature, for example, 26 ° C., preferably 28 ° C. or higher, during the growing period, the circulation of the drainage is stopped and drained to the outside. However, as mentioned above, the residual fertilizer concentration in the drainage during the growing period is high and cannot be drained as it is, so after removing the nitrogen component and phosphate component contained in the separation device and reducing the residual fertilizer concentration , Drain outside. Although not shown in the drawings, this nutrient solution cultivating apparatus is provided with a temperature sensor on the discharge side of the nutrient solution cultivation bed or the drainage storage tank, and if the temperature of the drainage detected by this temperature sensor is equal to or higher than a set value, The valve is closed to stop the supply of drainage from the drainage storage tank to the nutrient solution supply device, and the drainage valve is opened to supply drainage from the drainage storage tank to the removal device. The hydroponic cultivation device removes the pollutant contained in the drainage with the removal device, decomposes and removes the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component contained in the drainage with the separation device, and then discharges the drainage to the outside. The separator removes the nitrogen and phosphoric acid components contained in the drainage and drains them outside until the nitrogen content contained in the drainage reaches 60 ppm or less and the phosphorus content becomes 8 ppm or less.

  As described above, when the temperature of the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed becomes higher than the set temperature, the hydroponic device for myoga removes the nitrogen component and the phosphate component without circulating the drainage. By discharging to the outside, the residual fertilizer concentration of the drainage is lowered and drained to the outside while effectively preventing the deterioration of the growth environment of the ginger.

  The hydroponic cultivation apparatus for myoga according to the present invention can clean and drain the drainage liquid and prevent contamination of the field by the drainage liquid.

1 ... Agitation tank 1A ... Bottom
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a ... Outlet 2 ... Coagulant supply apparatus 2A ... Coagulant tank
2B ... Addition pump 3 ... Stirrer 4 ... Waste container 4A ... Cylindrical bag
4a ... Through-hole 5 ... Filtration tank 6 ... Treatment tank 7 ... Microorganism tank 8 ... Drainage storage tank 9 ... Receiving bowl 10 ... Hydroponic cultivation bed 12 ... Coconut shell medium 13 ... Cultivation tray 14 ... Horizontal cultivation table 15 ... Vertical pipe 16 ... Nutrient solution 17 ... Root cutting sheet 18 ... Water retention sheet 19 ... Base film 20 ... Side wall 21 ... Water supply pipe 22 ... Drainage groove 22A ... Side groove
22B ... Central groove 30 ... Nutrient solution supply device 32 ... Raw water supply device 32A ... Raw water pump 33 ... Fertilizer addition device 33A ... Liquid fertilizer tank
33B ... Addition pump 34 ... Concentration sensor 35 ... Supply path 36 ... Drain valve 37 ... Circulating valve 39 ... Supply valve 41 ... Open / close valve 42 ... Hose 43 ... Motor 43A ... Rotating shaft 44 ... Agitating blade 45 ... Piping 46 ... Open / close valve 47 ... level sensor 48 ... drainage pump 49 ... pump 50 ... filter medium 51 ... inflow chamber 52 ... discharge chamber 53 ... precipitation return pump 56 ... liquid return pump 57 ... level adjustment pump 58 ... level sensor 60 ... removal device 70 ... separation device

Claims (10)

This is a hydroponic cultivation method for myoga, in which myoga is planted on the palm culture medium (12) of the hydroponic cultivation bed (10), and the nutrient solution (16) is supplied to the hydroponic cultivation bed (10) to hydroponically grow myoga. And
In the early stage of cultivation after planting myoga, the fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution (16) supplied to the nutrient solution cultivation bed (10) is made thinner than the fertilizer concentration in the growing period after the initial cultivation period,
In the initial stage of cultivation, a flocculant is added to the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed (10), and the contaminants contained in the drainage are agglomerated and removed, and then drained to the outside.
A method of hydroponic cultivation of myoga characterized by adding fertilizer and water to the palm gall medium (12) of the hydroponic cultivation bed (10) and circulating it without draining the drainage to the outside during the growing period.   The hydroponic cultivation method for myoga according to claim 1, wherein the initial cultivation stage is within 3 months after myoga is planted.   The fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution (16) supplied to the coconut shell medium (12) at the initial stage of cultivation is set to a concentration such that the nitrogen content contained in the drainage is 60 ppm or less and the phosphorus content is 8 ppm or less. The hydroponic cultivation method of Myoga described in 1.   The fertilizer concentration of the nutrient solution (16) supplied to the coconut shell medium (12) during the growing period is such that the nitrogen content is 60 ppm to 250 ppm and the phosphorus content is 8 ppm to 40 ppm. Method of cultivating myoga.   In the initial stage of cultivation, the pollutant contained in the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed (10) is removed, and the absorbance at a wavelength of 440 nm is set to 0.12 or less and drained to the outside. The hydroponic cultivation method of Myoga described in 1.   The myoga according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the initial stage of cultivation, the pH of the drainage discharged from the hydroponic cultivation bed (10) is adjusted to 5.8 or more and 8.6 or less and drained to the outside. Nourishing method.   During the growing period, the disease of myoga cultivated in the hydroponic bed (10) is detected, and when the disease of myoga occurs, the circulation of the drainage to the coconut shell medium (12) is stopped and contained in the drainage 7. The cultivation of myoga according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component are removed, and the nitrogen content contained in the effluent is discharged to the outside with a nitrogen content of 60 ppm or less and a phosphorus content of 8 ppm or less. Liquid cultivation method.   In the growth period, the temperature of the drainage discharged from the hydroponics bed (10) is detected, and when the temperature of the drainage is equal to or higher than the set temperature, the circulation of the drainage to the coconut shell medium (12) is stopped, The nitrogen component and the phosphoric acid component contained in the drainage are removed, and the nitrogen content contained in the drainage is reduced to 60 ppm or less and the phosphorus content is set to 8 ppm or less to be discharged to the outside. Method of cultivating myoga.   Claims: When a disease occurs or when the temperature of the drainage liquid is equal to or higher than a set temperature, Bacillus subtilis is added to the drainage liquid or the coconut shell medium (12) to remove the nitrogen component and the phosphate component and discharge to the outside. The hydroponic cultivation method of myoga described in 7 or 8.   The method for hydroponic cultivation of myoga according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the effluent is sterilized and circulated during the growth period.

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