JP2003190982A - Material for purifying water, bag-in material for purifying water, facility for purifying water using this, and method for purifying water - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a material for purifying water by using a microorganism having a high durability against a variation of environment and harmless for human body, a facility for purifying water, and a method for purifying water. <P>SOLUTION: The material 17 for purifying water has a bamboo charcoal and Bacillus Subtilis carried by this bamboo charcoal. The facility 20 for purifying water is provided with treating tanks 2-6 capable of storing water to be treated discharged from home and a porous block 18 disposed in the treating tanks 2-6 and carrying Bacillus Subtilis or the material 17 for purifying water. In the method for purifying water, the porous block 18 carrying Bacillus Subtilis or the material 17 for purifying water is piled in a water passage to form weirs 22, 23 and air is involved in water by the water exceeding the weirs 22, 23 from an upstream side and dropping off to feed an oxygen to Bacillus Subtilis. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water purification material for purifying sewage using Bacillus subtilis, a water purification material in a bag, a water purification facility and a water purification method using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, household septic tanks have been used as provisional equipment until sewerage was completed, and were removed after the sewerage equipment was completed and collectively treated at the sewerage terminal treatment plant. Construction of such a large-scale treatment plant is very expensive, and depending on the local government, the facility cost per person is about 700,000 to 800,000 yen. In addition, the operation of this equipment requires a large operating cost such as electricity bill and manpower. On the other hand, many methods for purifying polluted rivers have been developed, and in recent years, many methods for decomposing waste by utilizing the power of microorganisms have also been adopted. In recent years, there is an increasing expectation that the treatment capacity of household septic tanks will be increased by utilizing the power of such microorganisms, and that sanitary and permanent facilities will be installed.

[0003]

However, since the conventional methods for purifying wastewater from rivers and households are large-scaled, it is necessary to periodically replenish the bacteria to be used in large amounts, There is a problem that a great deal of time and money is required for driving. In addition, drainage from rivers and households has severe conditions against bacteria such as temperature fluctuations, and it is difficult to keep the bacteria alive. Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is high resistance to environmental changes, using microorganisms that are harmless to the human body, a water purification material that is easy to maintain, a water purification material in a bag, and water purification equipment using the same. To provide a water purification method.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the water purification material of the present invention comprises bamboo charcoal crushed to a predetermined particle size and Bacillus subtilis carried on the bamboo charcoal. Bacillus subtilis is a gram-positive species widely distributed in nature such as soil and hay.
A large spore-forming bacillus that can withstand boiling for several hours. Bacillus natto is a type of Bacillus subtilis. Bamboo charcoal is a porous member and has a deodorizing effect. In the present invention, crushed bamboo charcoal is used as a carrier for Bacillus subtilis, so that nitrogen and phosphorus in water can be removed to lower the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). In addition, since Bacillus subtilis is carried in the cavity formed along the direction of the fiber, the water flowing in the cavity and Bacillus subtilis efficiently contact with each other.

The bag-type water purification material of the present invention comprises bamboo charcoal pulverized to a predetermined particle size and Bacillus subtilis carried on the bamboo charcoal.
It is enclosed in a bag having water permeability and flexibility. Since it is sealed in a bag, bamboo charcoal and Bacillus subtilis are prevented from flowing out,
Further, since the bag body is flexible, the outer shape can be changed according to the shape of the installation place.

It is also possible to enclose a mandarin orange peel and a stone having a porous structure such as a crushed volcanic bomb in the bag. By decomposing mandarin orange peel into Bacillus subtilis, the action of enhancing the activity of Bacillus subtilis and increasing its number occurs. In addition, by incorporating a stone having a porous structure, it becomes a carrier for Bacillus subtilis and also serves as a weight when placed in water.

[0007] The bamboo charcoal, the Bacillus subtilis, the orange peel,
It is also possible to set the weight ratio of the stones to 5: 2: 1: 2 within a range where the error is within 10%. With such a constitution, the activity of Bacillus subtilis is enhanced.

[0008] It is also possible to enclose crushed bamboo leaves in the bag in an amount of 20 to 50% by weight relative to the whole. By mixing bamboo leaves, it becomes a bait of Bacillus subtilis and the activity of Bacillus subtilis can be further enhanced.

In the water purification equipment according to the present invention, a treatment tank capable of storing treated water discharged from a home, a porous block supporting Bacillus subtilis placed in the treatment tank, or claim 2 to 5 is provided. The water purification material in a bag according to any one of 1. The porous block is provided so as to be fixed to the treatment tank, or is arranged at a position where it can come into contact with the treatment water in the treatment tank. Since the porous block having a predetermined shape is provided, the blocks can be arranged in line, and since the water purification material in the bag is provided, it can be applied to an irregular treatment tank.

It is also possible to form the processing tank by dividing the existing side groove into a plurality of partitions. With such a configuration, it is possible to save the labor and cost for installing the processing tank and to quickly install the equipment.

In the water purification method according to the present invention, one or both of the porous block supporting Bacillus subtilis and the bag-shaped water purification material according to any one of claims 2 to 5 are provided in a water channel. Oxygen is supplied to the Bacillus subtilis by stacking layers to form a weir, and entraining air in the water by water falling from the upstream side over the weir. Since Bacillus subtilis is an aerobic bacterium, the treatment capacity can be improved by supplying oxygen to water.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a water purification facility using a water purification material according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The water purification facility 1 includes a plurality of treatment tanks 2 to 6 capable of storing treated water discharged from homes, a plurality of drainage pipes 8 connected to the treatment tanks 2 to 6 from a drainage place of a house 7, and a toilet. 9 and a waste tank 10 connected to the treatment tank 5 at an intermediate position of a drain pipe 8.

The processing tanks 2 to 6 are connected by a water passage 11 which communicates their upper ends, and the processing tank 6 on the most downstream side is
It is connected to the river 13 via the drainage channel 12. Kitchen 1
4, the drainage part of the washing machine 15 and the treatment tanks 2, 3, and 5 connected to the toilet 9 have a volume of 100 liters each, and a bathroom 1
The volume of the treatment tank 4 connected to 6 is 200 liters, and the volume of the toilet tank 10 connected to the toilet 9 and the treatment tank 6 on the most downstream side are 1000 liters. At the bottom of each of the treatment tanks 2 to 6 and the toilet tank 10, a water purification material 17 and a porous block 18 carrying Bacillus subtilis are arranged according to their volumes. In addition, each processing tank 2-6
The partition may be provided by arranging the partition in the side groove arranged in the vicinity of the house 7, and the construction can be performed easily and quickly.

Here, the water purification material 17 will be described in detail. FIG. 2 shows a side sectional view of the water purification material 17. The water purification material 17 is a bag body 19 made of plant or plastic fiber having water permeability and flexibility, bamboo charcoal crushed to a predetermined particle size and enclosed therein, Bacillus subtilis carried on the charcoal, It has mandarin orange peel and crushed stone. Then, bamboo charcoal, Bacillus subtilis, mandarin orange peel and crushed stone are mixed at a ratio of 5: 2: 1: 2, and the error of this ratio is within 10%. In addition, crushed bamboo leaves are mixed in these mixtures in a weight ratio of 20 to 50% with respect to the whole including the bamboo leaves. In addition,
The water purification material can be composed only of bamboo charcoal and Bacillus subtilis, and further, bamboo leaves are added to the bamboo charcoal and Bacillus subtilis.
It is also possible to mix in a weight ratio of 20 to 50% with respect to the whole including bamboo leaves. At one end of the bag body 19, a hook member 26 capable of suspending the water purification material 17 is provided.

The water purification material 17 is formed to have a size of, for example, about 20 × 40 cm in plan view, and its weight is 5 cm.
Approximately 20 kg. When this water purification material 17 is put into each of the treatment tanks 2 to 6 and the toilet tank 10, moisture penetrates into the bag body 19, and Bacillus subtilis decomposes E. coli and putrefactive bacteria in the water to form holes such as bamboo charcoal. Breeds within the department.

Next, the porous block 18 will be described. FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the porous block 18. As shown in FIG. 3, the porous block 18 can be formed in a rectangular shape, for example. The porous block 18 is obtained by kneading Bacillus subtilis held on a carrier together with sand and stone together with cement paste and solidifying the mixture. Cement products show strong alkalinity, but Bacillus subtilis according to the present invention is
Since it can survive in the strongly acidic to strongly alkaline range of PH11, it can be confined in the porous block 18 in a state where it can reproduce.

Each of the treatment tanks 2 to 6 is provided with the porous block 18.
Also, when placed in the toilet tank 10, water permeates into the interior from the hole, and Bacillus subtilis propagates while decomposing E. coli and spoilage bacteria in the water. In the treatment tanks 2 to 6 and the toilet tank 10, the water purification material 1
Both 7 and porous block 18 can be used. For example, the treatment tanks 2, 3 and 5 each include one water purification material 17 or one porous block 18, the toilet tank 10 and the treatment tank 6
For this purpose, two water purification materials 17 or two porous blocks 18 are used. Further, in the treatment tank 4, it is possible to use one water purification material 17 and one water purification material 17 in which the amount of contents is reduced to half, and one porous block 18 and half are used. You can also The water purification material 17 is used in the treatment tank 2
6 to 6 are used by suspending them via a rope on a supporting rod member 27 that is provided so as to span over 6 to 6. In addition, the porous block 18
Is housed in a mesh bag having a hook member at the upper end and water permeability in the main body. Porous block 18
Is used by being suspended from the support rod 27 via a rope. With such a structure, the water purifying material 17 and the porous block 18 have good water permeability, and thus the activity of Bacillus subtilis can be improved.

The waste water flowing out from the house 7 flows into the treatment tanks 2 to 4 through the drain pipe 8 and is purified by the action of Bacillus subtilis contained in the water purification material 17 or the porous block 18. In addition, the waste discharged from the toilet 9 is purified in the toilet tank 10 and the treatment tank 5, respectively. The purified water is sequentially carried through the treatment tanks 2 to 6 via the water passage 11, and is further discharged from the drainage passage 12 to the river 13. With such a configuration, it is not necessary to construct a large-scale sewage treatment facility, and sewage treatment can be performed easily.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a water purification facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The water purification facility 20 has a weir 22 made up of a large number of porous blocks 18 arranged in a water channel 21, and a weir 23 made up of a large number of water purification materials 17 arranged downstream of the weir 22. .

The water channel 21 is a bottom plate 2 made of concrete.
4 and a side wall 25, and is formed in a groove shape that opens upward. On the upstream side of the weir 22, the porous block 18 is arranged so as to be suspended from a supporting member provided over the upper ends of the side walls 25 of the water channel 21. On the bottom plate 24 between the weir 22 and the weir 23, a plurality of porous blocks 18 are arranged side by side with a small gap. In addition, the weir 23,
It is provided lower than the weir 22.

The sewage flowing in the water channel 21 flows to the downstream side beyond the upper side of the porous block 18 of the weir 22, and a part of the sewage passes through the inside of the porous block 18 to the downstream side. The water falling over the weir 22 is engulfed by the surrounding air to be mixed and dissolved in the water, and the porous block 18
Oxygen is supplied to the Bacillus subtilis spilled from the.

Next, the sewage flowing downstream of the weir 22 is
Flows over the water purification material 17 of the weir 23 to the downstream side,
Moreover, a part of the sewage passes through the inside of the water purification material 17 and flows to the downstream side. The water falling over the weir 23 is engulfed by the surrounding air to be mixed and dissolved in the water, and the water purification material 1
Oxygen is supplied to Bacillus subtilis flowing out from 7.

The sewage flowing in the water channel 21 also passes through the suspended porous block 18 and the porous block 18 arranged on the bottom plate 24 to promote water purification by Bacillus subtilis. With such a configuration, Bacillus subtilis can be activated and the treatment of sewage can be promptly advanced.

[0024]

Example A water quality test was conducted in the channel shown in FIG. The water in the waterway was sampled for the first test, and 10 days later, the second test was performed. Table 1 shows the results of the first and second tests. The appearance changed from turbid to clear, and the odor changed from sewage odor to nothing.

[0025]

[Table 1]

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is 120
mg / L to 7.5 mg / L, and suspended solids (S
S) also decreased from 83 mg / L to 3 mg / L. Also,
Since the number of coliforms also decreased from 4000 / L to 430 / L, it can be said that the purification proceeded reliably. Of the nitrogen content and phosphorus content, which are indicators for suppressing the occurrence of blue-green algae in the sea, the nitrogen content ranges from 5.2 mg / L to 10 mg / L.
It has increased to L. It is considered that this was because the unpurified wastewater was measured as it was because there was a large amount of wastewater from the school upstream when the sample for measuring the nitrogen content was collected.

[0027]

The present invention has the following effects. (1) Since the water purification material uses crushed bamboo charcoal as a carrier for Bacillus subtilis, a hollow portion is formed in the fiber direction, and the Bacillus subtilis carried in the hollow portion efficiently purifies water. It can be carried out. (2) By enclosing bamboo charcoal and Bacillus subtilis in a bag, outflow of bamboo charcoal and Bacillus subtilis can be prevented, the number of times of replenishment of bacteria can be reduced, and the bag has flexibility, so The outer shape can be changed according to the shape, and the degree of freedom in installation can be increased. (3) When the mandarin orange peel is enclosed in the bag, the mandarin orange peel can be decomposed into Bacillus subtilis and the activity of Bacillus subtilis can be increased, and the number of them can be increased. The water purification work at the start of use in water is quick. To be done. (4) When a stone having a porous structure is added, it is possible to support Bacillus subtilis and prevent the water purification material from rising due to the weight of the stone. (5) When the weight ratio of bamboo charcoal, Bacillus subtilis, mandarin orange peel and stone is set to 5: 2: 1: 2, the activity of Bacillus subtilis is enhanced and water purification can be performed quickly. (6) Encapsulating bamboo leaves can enhance the activity of Bacillus subtilis. (7) The water purification equipment is equipped with a porous block supporting Bacillus subtilis, so that it can be installed side by side. In addition, since the water purification material enclosed in the bag is provided, a modified treatment tank is provided. Can also be used. (8) The water purification method is an aerobic bacterium because a weir is formed from a porous block or a water purification material, air is entrained in the water by the water falling over the weir, and oxygen is supplied to Bacillus subtilis. The processing ability of Bacillus subtilis can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a water purification facility using a water purification material according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a water purification material used in the same water purification facility.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a porous block used in the same water purification facility.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a water purification facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Water purification equipment 2-6 processing tanks 7 houses 8 drainage pipes 9 toilets 10 toilet tanks 11 waterways 12 drainage channels 13 rivers 14 kitchen 15 washing machine 16 bathroom 17 Water purification material 18 Porous block 19 bags 20 Water purification equipment 21 waterways 22,23 weir 24 Bottom plate 25 side wall 26 Hook members 27 Support bar

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A water purification material comprising bamboo charcoal crushed to a predetermined particle size and Bacillus subtilis carried on the bamboo charcoal. 2. A water purification material in a bag, characterized in that bamboo charcoal crushed to a predetermined particle size and Bacillus subtilis carried on the charcoal are enclosed in a bag having water permeability and flexibility. 3. The water purification material in a bag according to claim 2, wherein mandarin orange peel and crushed stone having a porous structure are enclosed in the bag. 4. The weight ratio of the bamboo charcoal, the Bacillus subtilis, the mandarin orange peel, and the stone is set to 5: 2: 1: 2 within a range where the error is within 10%. The water purification material in a bag according to claim 3. 5. The bag body according to claim 2, wherein crushed bamboo leaves are enclosed in the bag body in a weight ratio of 20 to 50%. Water purification material in a bag. 6. A treatment tank capable of storing treated water discharged from a home, a porous block supporting Bacillus subtilis loaded in the treatment tank, or the treatment tank according to claim 2. A water purification facility comprising a bag of water purification material. 7. The water purification facility, wherein the treatment tank is formed by dividing an existing side groove into a plurality of partitions. 8. A weir is formed by stacking one or both of a porous block supporting Bacillus subtilis and the water purification material in a bag according to any one of claims 2 to 5 in a water channel. A method for purifying water, characterized in that air is entrained in water by water falling from the upstream side over the weir to supply oxygen to the Bacillus subtilis.