JP2012223836A - Workpiece machining method, workpiece machining device, and workpiece machining control program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To discharge a coolant in a short time so that the coolant does not spill or splash to contaminate an inside of a machining device.SOLUTION: A workpiece machining method: feeds the coolant to a nozzle through coolant supply piping which is common piping for air; and machines with a tool while spraying the coolant to the workpiece from the nozzle by the air. The method includes a first process (Step S2 or Step S4) of discharging the coolant from an inside of the coolant supply piping by the air after stopping spraying of the coolant from the nozzle; a second process (Steps S6 to S9) of discharging the remaining coolant by intermittently supplying the air into the piping after discharging the coolant in the first process; and a third process (Steps S10 and S11) of supplying the air into the piping to dry the inside of the piping after discharging the coolant in the second process.

Description

  The present invention relates to a workpiece machining method, a workpiece machining apparatus, and a workpiece machining control program, and more specifically, a workpiece machining method in which a workpiece is machined while cooling the workpiece with a coolant liquid, and the workpiece machining method. The present invention relates to a workpiece machining apparatus and a workpiece machining control program for machining a workpiece by a computer.

  Conventionally, a tool such as a drill or a router bit has been used when machining a round hole or a long hole in a workpiece. In such processing, when high heat is generated due to contact friction between the tool and the workpiece and the processing quality is remarkably deteriorated, a cooling solution (hereinafter referred to as coolant liquid) is referred to as a workpiece so that the workpiece does not have high heat. Processing is performed while spraying on the contact part of the tool. However, even if the injection of the coolant was stopped, the coolant remaining in the piping was leaking from the nozzle. Therefore, the coolant liquid in the piping is usually pushed out with air.

  In addition, although cooling using a coolant liquid is usually implemented, the invention regarding discharge | emission of a coolant liquid relevant to this invention is not known.

  In the case of discharging air from the nozzle by applying air pressure to the coolant liquid remaining in the pipe, not only the coolant liquid in the pipe cannot be discharged sufficiently, but also the coolant adhering to the table by the air jetted from the nozzle Liquid (or droplets) and chips were scattered and scattered inside the machine, and various parts of the machine were dirty. Also, if the air pressure is weakened so that it does not scatter, it will take time until it completely flows out, and it will not be possible to drain the coolant sufficiently, leaving the coolant in the piping. Oops.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to enable the coolant to be discharged in a short time so that the coolant does not spill out, and the coolant does not scatter and contaminate the processing apparatus. is there.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the first means is a workpiece machining method in which a coolant is sent to a nozzle through a common pipe with air, and the workpiece is machined by injecting the coolant from the nozzle to the workpiece by air. The first step of discharging the cooling liquid in the common pipe by air after stopping the injection of the cooling liquid from the nozzle, and the air in the pipe after discharging the cooling liquid in the first step A second step of discharging the remaining coolant by intermittently supplying to the second step, and after discharging the coolant in the second step, supplying air into the pipe and drying the inside of the pipe And 3 processes.
In this case, in the first step, air is ejected for a predetermined time T1 and then stopped for a predetermined time T2, and in the second step, air is ejected for a predetermined time T3, A cycle of stopping for a predetermined time T4 is repeated a predetermined number of times, and after the air is jetted for a predetermined time T5, the air is stopped.
The air ejection time is, for example,
T5> T1 ≧ T3
Is set to the relationship.

  The second means is a workpiece processing apparatus that sends a coolant to a nozzle through a common pipe with air, and processes the workpiece with a tool while spraying the coolant from the nozzle to the workpiece with air. Installed between the air supply means, the coolant supply means for supplying the coolant to the common pipe, the air supply means, the coolant supply means, and the common pipe. Opening and closing means for opening and closing the air supply path and the coolant supply path to the common pipe, and control means for controlling the opening and closing state of the opening and closing means, respectively, the control means jetting the coolant from the nozzle The cooling liquid in the common pipe is discharged by air, the cooling liquid is discharged by the air, and then air is intermittently supplied into the pipe. Ri remaining coolant was drained, after discharging the remaining coolant, supplying air into the pipe, characterized in that drying in the pipe.

  The third means is a workpiece machining control program for causing a computer to execute a control for feeding a coolant to a nozzle through a common pipe with air and causing the coolant to be ejected from the nozzle to the workpiece by air. The first step of discharging the cooling liquid in the common pipe by air after stopping the injection of the cooling liquid from the nozzle, and after discharging the cooling liquid in the first step, A second procedure for discharging the remaining coolant by intermittently supplying it into the pipe, and after discharging the coolant in the second step, supplying air into the pipe and drying the pipe And a third procedure.

  In the embodiment described later, the common pipe is the coolant liquid supply pipe 38, the coolant is the coolant liquid, the nozzle is the reference numeral 39, the workpiece is the reference numeral 18, the tool is the reference numeral 15, and the workpiece machining apparatus is the reference numeral 60. The first process is the process from step S2 to step S4, the second process is the process from step S5 to step S9, the third process is the process from step S10 and step S11, and the air supply means is the part lower 203. The coolant supply means is controlled by the pump 201, the air supply path is controlled by the air supply pipe 37a, the coolant supply path is controlled by the coolant supply pipe 36a, the opening / closing means is controlled by the air supply control valve 37 and the coolant supply control valve 36, and the control means is controlled. Each corresponds to the device 14.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the cooling liquid from dripping from the piping when the cooling liquid is not used, and to prevent the cooling liquid from being scattered in the processing apparatus.

It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the workpiece processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus of the workpiece processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the cooling structure in embodiment of this invention. It is a timing chart which shows the opening / closing timing of the air supply control valve performed by the control apparatus of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the workpiece | work cooling procedure at the time of the workpiece | work processing performed by the control apparatus of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a workpiece machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a workpiece machining apparatus 60 is basically composed of a bed 4, a column 6, a table 19, a slider 23 and a spindle 31.

  A gate-shaped column 6 is fixed on both sides of the bed 4, a work 18 is placed on the upper surface of the bed 4, and a fixed table 19 extends along the pair of guides 3 in the depth direction of the bed 4 (Y-axis direction). ) Is provided so as to be able to reciprocate. A ball screw (not shown) is disposed on the lower surface of the table 19, and the ball screw is rotationally driven by a servo motor 151, whereby the table 19 screwed with the ball screw moves in the Y-axis direction.

  A pair of guides 8 are provided in front of the horizontal portion of the column 6 in parallel to the surface of the table 19, and a slider 23 is supported by the guides 8 so as to be movable. A ball screw 25 is disposed on the back side of the slider 23. When the ball screw 25 is rotationally driven by a servo motor 26, the slider 23 screwed with the ball screw 26 is moved horizontally along the guide 8 (X-axis direction). ) A pair of guides 10 are provided on the front surface of the slider 23 in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and the base 27 is supported by the guides 10 so as to be movable. A ball screw 29 is arranged on the back side of the base. By rotating the ball screw 29 by a servo motor 30, the base 27 screwed with the ball screw 29 moves along the guide 10 in the Z-axis direction.

  A saddle 131 that supports the spindle 31 is fixed to the base 27. A collet chuck 32 is attached to the lower end of the spindle 31, and a tool 15 such as a drill or a router bit is detachably held on the collet chuck 32 at a position facing the workpiece 18. On the table 19, the tool measuring device 1 is installed, and the measurement results of the measured tool diameter and tool length are output to the control device 14. The control device 14 drives and controls the servo motors 26 (X axis), 151 (Y axis), and 30 (Z axis) in the three axis directions. The tool measuring device 1 includes a light projecting unit and a light receiving unit (not shown), and an image of the tool formed by the parallel light from the light projecting unit is received by the light receiving element, whereby the tool diameter and the tool length are received. Is measured.

  With this configuration, the tool 15 and the table 19 can be moved relative to each other, the tool 15 can be accurately positioned at an arbitrary processing position on the table 19, and can be processed on the workpiece 18.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of the control device 14. The control device 14 basically includes an input / output unit 40, a calculation device (calculation unit) 45, and a storage device (storage unit) 50. The input / output unit 40 includes an FD input device 42, a CRT (or liquid crystal display panel) 44, and a keyboard 43. The storage device 50 has a tool number, a tool storage location number, a tool life set value, the number of times the tool is used, a history of rear abnormalities, Data tables 51 to 57 each storing tool diameter and machining condition data are set. The control device 14 is also provided with a tool length measurement result input unit 58 and a tool diameter measurement result input unit 59 to which measurement results from the tool measurement device 1 are input, and each measurement result is input to the arithmetic unit 45. .

  The FD input device 42 reads the machining program stored in the flexible disk (FD) 41 and outputs it to the arithmetic device 45. The arithmetic device 45 controls the workpiece machining device 60 in accordance with the machining program input from the FD input device 42. At that time, data not stored in the flexible disk 41 is input from the keyboard 43 by an operator operation, and the input data, the contents of the data stored in the storage device 50, and the like are displayed on the CRT 44. The arithmetic device 45 compares various input data to perform necessary arithmetic processing, controls the workpiece processing device 60, and displays necessary information on the CRT 44.

  The tool number table 51 stores a tool number assigned for each tool diameter of the stored tool 15, and the tool storage location number table 52 corresponds to each tool 15 stored in a tool storage device (not shown). The stored tool storage location is stored. The tool life set value table 53 stores the number of usable tools for each tool life, and the rear use count table 54 stores the number of uses for each tool 15. The tool abnormality history table 55 stores the history of occurrence of an abnormality for the tool 15, and the tool diameter table 56 stores the tool diameter of the stored tool 15. In the machining condition data table 57, machining conditions corresponding to the tool number are stored. When controlling the workpiece processing apparatus 60, the arithmetic unit 45 reads data stored in the data tables 51 to 57 as necessary, and determines details of control with reference to the read data.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a cooling configuration in the present embodiment. In the figure, the cooling configuration in the present embodiment includes a coolant unit 204, a nozzle 39, and a control device 14.

  The coolant unit 204 stores the coolant liquid (CastolSyntil9954, BP Japan Co., Ltd.), the pump 201 that sucks out the coolant liquid from the tank 202 and supplies the coolant to the nozzle 39 side, blows air, and supplies the air to the nozzle 39. It includes a blower (blower device) 203 and has an integrated configuration. A coolant liquid supply pipe 38 for supplying a coolant liquid to the nozzle 39, a coolant supply pipe 36a for supplying the coolant liquid to the coolant liquid supply pipe 38, and an air supply pipe 37a for supplying air to the coolant liquid supply pipe 38. Are respectively provided with a coolant supply control valve 36 and an air supply control valve 37. The coolant supply control valve 36 and the air supply control valve 37 are subjected to open / close control and flow rate control by a control signal from the control circuit 14.

  The nozzle 39 is connected to the tip of the coolant liquid supply pipe 38 and is fixed to a pressure foot 35 protruding from the lower side of the saddle 131. The pressure foot 35 is attached to a rod 33 a of an air cylinder 33 fixed to the saddle 131. Thereby, the coolant liquid supplied from the pump 201 and the air blown from the blower 203 are pumped in the gas-liquid two-phase state inside the coolant liquid supply pipe 38, and the coolant liquid and the air are processed from the nozzle 39 to the machining area of the workpiece 18. Is injected against. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the tool 15 is rotationally driven by the spindle 31 so that the pressure foot 35 is positioned on the outer peripheral portion of the tool 15 so that the pressure foot 35 can press and hold the outer peripheral portion of the processing portion of the workpiece 18 during processing. It has become.

  When machining the workpiece 18, coolant liquid is sprayed to the machining position of the workpiece 18 so that the workpiece 18 does not heat up due to friction with the tool 15. The coolant liquid is sprayed to the coolant supply control valve 36 and the air supply control valve 37. Is performed by simultaneously opening. When the use of the coolant is stopped, the coolant supply control valve 36 is closed to shut off the coolant supply. At that time, if the coolant supply control valve 36 and the air supply control valve 37 are simply closed, the coolant liquid remaining in the coolant liquid supply pipe 38 between the coolant supply control valve 36 and the nozzle 39 droops from the nozzle 39 by its own weight. The inside of the machine will be soiled. Therefore, in this embodiment, after the coolant supply control valve 36 is closed, the air supply control valve 37 is opened, air is passed through the coolant liquid supply pipe 38, the coolant liquid is blown off by the force of the air, and is dried. did.

  However, if the air supply control valve 37 is kept open and air is passed through the coolant liquid supply pipe 38, the coolant liquid cannot be sufficiently blown off. Therefore, when moving to the next workpiece machining process and measuring the tool diameter and the tool length, the coolant liquid drips and adheres to the light projecting means and the light receiving element of the tool measuring device 1, so the tool diameter and the tool length are accurately set. Could not be measured. In addition, the coolant liquid and chips adhering to the table are scattered by the force of air, resulting in the interior of the machine being soiled. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first step of discharging most of the coolant liquid, the second step of discharging the remaining coolant liquid little by little until the end, and the third step of drying the coolant liquid supply pipe, The situation was prevented from occurring.

  Specifically, in the first step, first, the air supply control valve 37 is opened for a predetermined time to strongly extrude the coolant liquid remaining in the coolant liquid supply pipe 38, and then in the second step, the pipe 38 enters the pipe 38. In order to finely adjust the discharge of the remaining coolant liquid, the air supply control valve 37 is intermittently opened and closed to supply air, and the coolant liquid is intermittently discharged little by little. Thereafter, in the third step, air was passed through the pipe 38 for a long time so as to be dried. By taking these three steps, the coolant liquid can be blown off to such an extent that the coolant liquid does not scatter to each part of the machine, and then sufficiently dried. Moreover, since air can be intermittently injected into the coolant liquid adhering to the coolant liquid supply pipe 38, the coolant liquid can be vibrated and blown off sufficiently.

  FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing the opening / closing timing of the air supply control valve 37 in this step, and FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a work cooling procedure at the time of work machining executed in this embodiment.

  Based on the control pulse output from the control device 14, the opening / closing control of the air supply control valve 37 is executed at the timing shown in the timing chart of FIG. This control pulse is a pulse that is opened for T1 time and closed for T2 time in the first step, and is a pulse that repeats N times with one cycle of T3 time release and T4 time closed as one pulse in the second step, In 3 steps, it is a pulse which makes 1 cycle of T5 time opening | release open as 1 pulse. The ON / OFF times of all the pulses are provided as variable timers T1 to T5, and the control device 14 varies according to the length and thickness of the processing timer and the coolant liquid supply pipe 38, operator input from the keyboard 43, and the like. Times of timers T1 to T5 are determined, and coolant liquid discharge drying control is executed.

  As described above, the coolant liquid discharge drying control in the present embodiment is executed by following the steps S1 to S11. That is, the set value of the number of injections in the second step is input from the keyboard 43 (step S1). The initial set values are determined by each workpiece processing apparatus, and values such as the length and thickness of the coolant liquid supply pipe 38 necessary for control are input as data from the FD 41. When the setting value of the program is controlled based on a value different from the initial setting value, the setting value input by the operator from the keyboard is input.

  Next, the injection of the coolant liquid is stopped with the completion of the machining of the workpiece 18 by the tool 15 (step S2). Then, the air supply control valve 37 is opened for the time T1 (step S3), and when the time T1 has elapsed, the air supply control valve 37 is closed for the time T2 (step S4). The time T1 and the time T2 are set to one pulse per cycle, and the process of the second cycle, that is, the second pulse is started. The number n is set to 2 (step S5), and the air supply control valve 37 is opened for the time T3 (step S6). When the time T3 has elapsed, the air supply control valve 37 is closed for a time T4 (step S7).

  Then, it is checked whether or not the number n has reached a preset number N (an even number of 4 or more) (step S8). If the number n is not the number N (step S9), 1 is added to n. Then, the process returns to step S6, and the processes in steps S6 to S8 are repeated. When the preset number N is reached (step S8-Y), the preset time T5 air supply control valve 37 is opened (step S10). ) Air is blown continuously, and then the air supply control valve 37 is stopped (step S11).

  Here, the first process corresponds to the processes of steps S2 to S4, the second process corresponds to the processes of steps S5 to S9, and the third process corresponds to the processes of steps S10 and S11. Further, in the processes of steps S6 to S9, the air supply for a short period of time T3 and T4 is intermittently performed.

  As for each said time, it is understood that the time T2 is 1-2 seconds, the time T4 is 0.3-2 seconds, T5> T1 ≧ T3, the repetition number N is 15-25 times, and the total time is 35-127 seconds. It was. This is because if the time is less than 35 seconds, the coolant liquid cannot be sufficiently discharged, and if the time exceeds 127 seconds, the entire work time becomes longer and the machining efficiency is lowered. Since the time T5 is for drying, it is set longer, and the times T1 to T4 can be arbitrarily changed. In the case of time T1 = T3, the discharge time of the time T1 of the first process is compensated by setting the number of repetitions of the second process. For example, the time T1 is 5 seconds, the time T2 is 1 second, the time T3 is 0.5 seconds, the time T4 is 0.5 seconds, the time T5 is 20 seconds, the number of repetitions N = 20, and a total of 46 seconds. It is.

  In addition, when the drying time T5 in the third step is continuously sprayed, if the accumulated coolant liquid or chips scatter, it is also effective to perform the air blowing time T5 intermittently instead of continuously. is there. In this case, the total air ejection time is T5. Therefore, the drying time becomes longer accordingly.

  By controlling the air blow in such a process, it is possible to prevent dripping and scattering of the coolant liquid in a relatively short time, and also prevent scattering of chips.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, and all technical matters included in the technical idea described in the claims are included. The subject of the present invention. The above embodiment shows a preferable example, but those skilled in the art can realize various alternatives, modifications, variations, and improvements from the contents disclosed in this specification, These are included within the scope defined by the appended claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 Control apparatus 15 Tool 18 Work piece 28 Coolant liquid supply piping 36 Coolant supply control valve 36a Coolant supply pipe 37 Air supply control valve 37a Air supply pipe 39 Nozzle 60 Work processing apparatus 201 Pump 203 Blower

Claims (5)

A workpiece machining method in which a coolant is sent to a nozzle through a common pipe with air, and the workpiece is machined with a tool while jetting the coolant from the nozzle to the workpiece by air.
A first step of discharging the cooling liquid in the common pipe by air after stopping the injection of the cooling liquid from the nozzle;
A second step of discharging the remaining coolant by intermittently supplying air into the pipe after discharging the coolant in the first step;
After discharging the coolant in the second step, a third step of supplying air into the pipe and drying the pipe;
A method for machining a workpiece, comprising: A workpiece processing method according to claim 1,
In the first step, air is ejected for a predetermined T1 time, and then stopped for a predetermined T2 time.
In the second step, after the air is ejected for a predetermined T3 time, a cycle of stopping for a predetermined T4 time is repeated a predetermined number of times,
A work machining method, wherein the air blow is stopped after the air blow is ejected for a predetermined time T5. It is a processing method of the work according to claim 2,
Air ejection time T5> T1 ≧ T3
A workpiece machining method characterized by being set to a relationship of A workpiece processing apparatus for processing with a tool while sending coolant to a nozzle through a common pipe with air and spraying coolant from the nozzle onto the workpiece with air,
Air supply means for supplying the air to the common pipe;
A coolant supply means for supplying the coolant to the common pipe;
An opening / closing means that is installed between the air supply means and the coolant supply means and the common pipe, and opens and closes an air supply path and a coolant supply path from the supply means to the common pipe;
Control means for controlling the open / close state of the open / close means;
With
The control means includes
After stopping the injection of the cooling liquid from the nozzle, the cooling liquid in the common pipe is discharged by air,
After ejecting the coolant with the air, the remaining coolant is discharged by intermittently supplying air into the pipe,
After discharging the remaining coolant, air is supplied into the pipe and the inside of the pipe is dried. A workpiece machining control program for causing a computer to execute a control to send a coolant to a nozzle through a common pipe with air, and to process the workpiece with a tool while spraying the coolant from the nozzle to the workpiece with air,
A first procedure for discharging the cooling liquid in the common pipe by air after stopping the injection of the cooling liquid from the nozzle;
A second procedure for discharging the remaining coolant by intermittently supplying air into the pipe after jetting the coolant in the first step;
A third procedure for supplying air into the pipe after the cooling liquid is ejected in the second step and drying the pipe;
A workpiece machining control program characterized by comprising:

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