JP2012222860A - Power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply system capable of effectively utilizing a solar power generation amount even when a prediction value is different from an actual value by predicting a power consumption amount and the solar power generation amount.SOLUTION: A power supply system 10 can minimize a power storage amount in a midnight time zone which is a specified time zone by setting a prediction power storage amount using a prediction power amount and a prediction power generation amount. Also, for the case that the prediction is wrong, an actual measurement value and a prediction value are compared, as shown in step S23 in Figure 3. The system is controlled by a charging/discharging schedule control part 50 so that consumption of supply power is small when the difference of the values exceeds a tolerance, and so that distribution of a supply power amount to a wiring of a power generation amount of solar power and the power storage amount in a rechargeable battery 23 for facility and an on-vehicle rechargeable battery 30, and a power supply amount to the wiring of the rechargeable battery 23 for facility and the on-vehicle rechargeable battery 30 are determined.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply system that controls the amount of power stored in a power storage unit according to the amount of power generated by a solar power generation unit and the amount of power used.

  When the number of vehicles equipped with power storage devices, for example, plug-in hybrid (PHV) automobiles, power loads during charging of power storage devices may be concentrated over time. If the charging time is concentrated, there is a concern about the shortage of power supply from the grid power, so the power supply company needs to increase the power supply facilities.

  A conventional technique for preventing such concentration of charging time is disclosed in Patent Document 1. In the charging device described in Patent Document 1, in order to reduce the consumption of system power, first, a storage battery installed in the facility is DC-charged with a low current. Next, during charging, direct current rapid charging is performed from the storage battery in the facility to the in-vehicle power storage device.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a power control device using a solar power generation device in order to suppress the consumption of system power. In the power control device described in Patent Document 2, a method of creating a power control plan for an in-facility storage battery based on power consumption prediction of a power load and power generation prediction of a solar battery is shown.

JP-A-5-207668 JP 2003-189477 A

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1, the power consumption of the system power is reduced. However, when the number of on-vehicle power storage devices is increased, the charging load itself to the storage battery in the facility is also increased. Since system power is used for charging to the in-facility storage battery, there is a problem that unless charging timing to the in-facility storage battery is controlled, it does not directly contribute to suppression of the charging load of the in-vehicle power storage device.

  Further, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, the power consumption of the system power can be suppressed by the solar power generation device, but the control when the power consumption prediction and the power generation prediction are different from the actual is not shown. Therefore, there is a problem in that no action can be taken when the actual power generation amount and the power consumption amount are different from the predicted values.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and predicts the power consumption and the amount of photovoltaic power generation, and even if the predicted value and the actual value are different, the amount of photovoltaic power generation An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system that can effectively use the power.

  The present invention employs the following technical means in order to achieve the aforementioned object.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the electric power (13) connected to the wiring (12) and the power storage means are supplied from the power system (11) of the power supply source to the building based on the power supply contract. A power supply system (10) capable of supplying power to (23, 30),
Solar power generation means (40) for generating power by sunlight;
Power storage means (23, 30) connected to the wiring of the building and capable of charging the solar power generated by the solar power generation means and the supply power supplied from the power system and discharging the stored power to the wiring )When,
Controls the consumption of power supplied from the power grid, and also controls the consumption of solar power with consumption by power storage in the power storage means, consumption by electric loads, and consumption by reverse power flow to the power grid Control means (50);
Predicted by the predicted electric load of the electric load in the prediction period calculated based on the usage history of the electric load, the predicted consumption schedule indicating the hourly transition of the predicted electric load of the electric load in the calculated predictive period, and weather prediction A predicted power generation means (50) for calculating a predicted power generation schedule of the predicted power generation amount of the solar power generation means in the prediction period and the hourly transition of the predicted power generation amount in the predicted prediction period;
When the predicted power amount is larger than the predicted power generation amount, the shortage amount that is the difference between the predicted power amount and the predicted power generation amount is calculated, and when the limit power storage amount that is the upper limit amount stored in the power storage means is greater than or equal to the shortage amount A power storage amount setting means (50) for setting the shortage amount to a predicted power storage amount that is stored after power storage by the power storage means, and setting the limit power storage amount to the predicted power storage amount when the limit power storage amount is less than the shortage amount; ,
Power consumption detection means (14) for detecting the power consumption in the electrical load;
A power generation amount detection means (42) for detecting a power generation amount in the solar power generation means,
Consumption control means
In a specific time zone where the power cost is cheaper than other time zones determined based on the power supply contract, control is performed so as to store electricity with the supplied power until the storage amount of the storage means reaches the set predicted storage amount,
Compare the predicted consumption schedule with the detected power consumption, and compare the predicted power consumption schedule with the detected power generation when the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption exceeds the allowable value. When the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation amount exceeds the allowable value, the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the power generation amount of solar power and the power storage to the power storage means are reduced so that the power consumption is reduced. The power supply system is characterized in that the distribution with the amount and the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the power storage means are determined.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the power storage amount in the specific time period can be minimized by setting the predicted power storage amount using the predicted power amount and the predicted power generation amount. As a result, it is possible to prevent electric power that is excessive from being stored in the power storage means, and to reduce power costs. Since there are times when the prediction is off, control is required when the prediction is off. Therefore, in the present invention, the predicted consumption schedule is compared with the detected power consumption, and the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “consumption difference”) exceeds an allowable value. Or when the predicted power generation schedule is compared with the detected power generation amount and the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation amount (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “power generation difference”) exceeds the allowable value, To determine the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the power storage means and the amount of power stored in the power storage means, and the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the power storage means, so that the consumption of the power supply is reduced. Controlled by consumption control means. By comparing, it is possible to know when the prediction is wrong, that is, when the consumption difference or the power generation difference exceeds the allowable value. The timing for comparison may be at any time, may be regular, or may be a period during which power is consumed by the electrical load. When such an allowable value is exceeded, the amount of power generation and the amount of power supplied from the power storage means to the wiring are determined so that the amount of power consumption is reduced. Therefore, even when the prediction is off, correction can be made to reduce the consumption of the supplied power. As a result, the power consumption system and the amount of photovoltaic power generation are predicted, and even if the actual value differs from the predicted value, a power supply system that can effectively use the amount of photovoltaic power generation can be realized. . Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of a carbon dioxide can be suppressed by utilizing effectively the solar energy generated with the power generation method which does not generate a carbon dioxide.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the consumption control means is configured such that the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption exceeds an allowable value, or the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation is When the allowable value is exceeded and the amount of power generation is greater than the detected power consumption, to the solar power generation amount wiring so that the reverse power flow to the power system of solar power increases. The distribution of the amount of supplied power and the amount of power stored in the power storage means, and the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the power storage means are determined.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, when the consumption difference exceeds the allowable value, or when the power generation difference exceeds the allowable value, and when the power generation amount is larger than the detected power consumption amount, Each unit is controlled by the consumption control means so that the reverse power flow rate of the optical power to the power system increases. Therefore, when the prediction is off, and there is a surplus in the amount of power generation than the amount of power consumption, profit can be obtained by suppressing the use of the supplied power and increasing the reverse flow rate. As a result, the power cost can be reduced.

  Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 3, the consumption control means is configured such that the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption exceeds an allowable value, or the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation is When the allowable value is exceeded and the power generation amount is smaller than the detected power consumption amount, the predicted consumption schedule is set to a correction consumption schedule set in advance so as to suppress the consumption of the supplied power. And

  According to the invention described in claim 3, when the consumption difference exceeds the allowable value, or when the power generation difference exceeds the allowable value and the power generation amount is smaller than the detected power consumption, the prediction is made. The consumption schedule is set to a correction consumption schedule set in advance so as to suppress the consumption of the supplied power. As a result, the power supply source adjusts the corrected consumption schedule for each building, thereby preventing the supply power consumption from being concentrated at a certain time. This can suppress the shortage of power supply from the power supply source to each building.

Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4 further includes a storage unit that stores the calculated predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule each time the predicted consumption calculation unit and the predicted power generation schedule are calculated by the predicted amount calculation unit,
The predicted amount calculation means
When the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption exceeds the allowable value, a new predicted consumption schedule is calculated,
When the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation exceeds the allowable value, a new predicted power generation schedule is calculated,
The consumption control means uses the latest predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule stored in the storage means for comparison.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the predicted amount calculating means newly calculates a predicted consumption schedule when the consumption difference exceeds the allowable value, and calculates the predicted power generation schedule when the power generation difference exceeds the allowable value. New calculation. The storage means stores the calculated predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule every time the predicted consumption calculation and the predicted power generation schedule are calculated by the predicted amount calculation means. Therefore, the latest schedules are stored in the storage means. The consumption control means uses the latest predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule stored in the storage means when comparing. Therefore, since the prediction is appropriately corrected, the probability that the prediction is lost can be reduced. A suitable consumption and charging plan can thus be implemented.

  Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 5, the consumption control means periodically compares the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption, and the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation amount. Control is performed so that the comparison interval is reduced as at least one of the values exceeds the allowable value.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, the consumption control means controls so that the comparison interval is reduced as at least one of the consumption difference and the power generation difference exceeds the allowable value. If the allowable value is exceeded, it is preferable to correct it at an earlier time point. Therefore, by shortening the comparison interval, it is possible to perform control when the prediction is lost at an earlier time point. As a result, even when the prediction is greatly deviated, it is possible to respond promptly.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each above-mentioned means is an example which shows a corresponding relationship with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

It is a mimetic diagram showing a schematic structure of power supply system 10 of a 1st embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the midnight charge process of the charging / discharging plan control part 50. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the daytime electric power process of the charging / discharging plan control part 50. FIG.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power supply system 10 according to the first embodiment. The power supply system 10 is a system that can supply power supplied from an external power system 11 as a power supply source to an electric load 13 connected to an AC power line 12 in a building based on a power supply contract. In the power supply system 10 of the present embodiment, one (single) power supply contract is concluded in which the power cost in the midnight time zone (the time zone from 23:00 to 7:00) is lower than the power cost in other time zones. The AC power line 12 for introducing purchased power (system power) supplied from the external power system 11 of the power company into the building is provided with a watt hour meter (not shown). .

  The power supply system 10 is for in-vehicle use, for example, an AC power line 12 wired in a building that is a house, a power storage unit 20 electrically connected to the AC power line 12, and a vehicle that supplies power from the AC power line 12 to the vehicle. A charging station 21 for charging the storage battery 30; a power generation system 40 that generates power by sunlight; an electric load 13 that is electrically connected to the AC power line 12; a charge / discharge plan control unit 50 that controls each part; And an operation indicator 60 for operating each part. The vehicle 31 is a vehicle 31, for example, an electric vehicle, on which an in-vehicle storage battery 30 having a relatively large capacity is mounted.

  The AC power line 12 wired in the building is, for example, a single-phase three-wire type power line (consisting of one neutral line and two voltage lines), and the system power of the external power system 11 of the power company. Is supplied via a distribution board (not shown). Although not shown, the distribution board is provided with a main breaker and a current breaker with a leakage detection function that regulates an upper limit value of a current flowing through each circuit system. The AC power line 12 from the external power system 11 branches first to the power generation power control circuit 41, second to the storage battery power control circuit 22, and third to the electric load 13.

  The power generation system 40 is a solar power generation means, and supplies off-system power to the AC power line 12. The power generation system 40 is provided with a solar panel (not shown) on the roof of a building and generates power using sunlight. The power generation system 40 supplies the generated solar power to the power generation power control circuit 41. The power generation control circuit 41 is electrically connected to the AC power line 12, converts DC power from the power generation system 40 into AC power, and discharges the AC power line 12. Further, the AC power line 12 is provided with a power generation amount measuring device 42 as a power generation amount detecting means for detecting the value of the current discharged from the power generation power control circuit 41. The power generation amount measuring device 42 is connected to the charge / discharge plan control unit 50, and the current value detected by the power generation amount measuring device 42 is output to the charge / discharge plan control unit 50.

  The AC power line 12 is also connected to an electric load 13 that is various electric devices. Therefore, an electrical load 13 can be connected to the AC power line 12, and power can be supplied to these electrical loads 13. A power consumption meter 14 is provided as power consumption detection means for detecting the value of the current flowing through the electric load 13. The power consumption meter 14 is connected to the charge / discharge plan control unit 50, and the current value detected by the power consumption meter 14 is output to the charge / discharge plan control unit 50.

  Next, the power storage unit 20 will be described. For example, a power storage unit 20 (sometimes called a power storage system or “e-Station”) installed outside the building is connected to the AC power line 12. The power storage unit 20 includes a storage battery power control circuit 22, a facility storage battery 23, a charge / discharge control circuit 24, and the like.

  The storage battery power control circuit 22 is electrically connected to the AC power line 12, converts DC power from the facility storage battery 23 into AC power, and discharges the AC power line 12. Further, the storage battery power control circuit 22 converts AC power from the AC power line 12 into DC power and stores (charges) it in the facility storage battery 23.

  The charge / discharge control circuit 24 is connected to the storage battery power control circuit 22 and the charging stand 21. The charge / discharge control circuit 24 is further connected to the charge / discharge plan control unit 50, and controls the operation of the storage battery power control circuit 22 and the charge stand 21 in accordance with instructions from the charge / discharge plan control unit 50. The charge / discharge control circuit 24 is communicably connected to a storage battery monitoring ECU (not shown) mounted on the facility storage battery 23. The charge / discharge control circuit 24 controls the distribution of the power supplied to the facility storage battery 23 and the power supplied to the in-vehicle storage battery 30. The charge / discharge control circuit 24 performs control so as to charge the facility storage battery 23 and the in-vehicle storage battery 30 with DC power. By charging with DC power, it is possible to control the charging time and the charge amount with higher accuracy than the configuration using AC power.

  The storage battery 23 for facilities is an aggregate in which a plurality of unit batteries each made of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery are combined. The storage battery 23 for facilities is electrically connected to the AC power line 12 via the storage battery power control circuit 22, and charges AC power from the AC power line 12 or discharges stored DC power to the AC power line 12. It is possible to do.

  Next, the charging stand 21 will be described. The charging stand 21 is installed separately from the power storage unit 20, for example, outside the building. A charging power line branched by the charging / discharging control circuit 24 is connected to the charging stand 21. The charging power line is disposed up to the inside of the charging stand 21 and is connected to a charging / discharging cable (not shown) extending from the main body of the charging stand 21 to the outside. A charge / discharge connector corresponding to the connection terminal portion is attached to the tip of the charge / discharge cable. In addition, although not shown, a control ECU (Electronic Control Unit) is disposed in the charging stand 21. The control ECU controls charging / discharging of the in-vehicle storage battery 30 that is the in-vehicle power storage device by communicating with the charge / discharge control circuit 24.

  The vehicle 31 is provided with a connector (specifically, an insertion port for a charge / discharge connector). By connecting the charging / discharging connector of the charging stand 21 to this connector, the in-vehicle storage battery 30 can be charged / discharged via an in-vehicle charger / discharger (not shown). When charging the in-vehicle storage battery 30, AC power is supplied to the connector from the charge / discharge control circuit 24, and the in-vehicle charger / discharger converts the supplied AC power into DC power to charge the in-vehicle storage battery 30. . On the other hand, when discharging the in-vehicle storage battery 30, the in-vehicle charger / discharger converts the DC power stored in the in-vehicle storage battery 30 into AC power, and discharges from the connector to the charge / discharge connector.

  Next, the operation display 60 will be described. The operation indicator 60 is a remote operation means (so-called remote control) disposed in a building, for example. The operation indicator 60 is electrically connected to the charge / discharge plan control unit 50. The operation indicator 60 includes a display unit corresponding to a notification unit and an operation switch for operating each unit. The display unit displays, for example, the storage state of the facility storage battery 23, the amount of power generated by the solar battery, the amount of power used by the electric load 13, the state of charge of the in-vehicle storage battery 30, and the reverse power flow to the external power system 11. . Further, by operating the operation switch, it is possible to perform a power storage instruction to the facility storage battery 23, a charge instruction to the in-vehicle storage battery 30, and various settings.

  Next, the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 will be described. The charge / discharge plan control unit 50 also has a function as consumption control means for controlling each unit. The charge / discharge plan control unit 50 is electrically connected to each unit. The charging / discharging plan control unit 50 gives a control command to each unit so that each unit operates in accordance with an instruction input by the operation switch of the operation indicator 60. Moreover, the charging / discharging plan control part 50 controls the display part of the operation indicator 60 so that the information according to the state of each part may be displayed.

  The charge / discharge plan control unit 50 is not shown in the configuration, but various types of signals are input using an input circuit to which external information 70 is input from a communication signal, an atmospheric pressure sensor (not shown), and the like, and signals from the input circuit The microcomputer includes a microcomputer that executes a calculation, and an output circuit that outputs a control signal for controlling each unit based on the calculation performed by the microcomputer. The microcomputer has built-in ROM (Read-Only Memory: abbreviated ROM), ROM (Read-Only Memory: ROM) as storage means for storing various data such as atmospheric pressure, calculation results, etc. The control program and the control program that can be updated are executed, and each process described later is executed.

  The charge / discharge plan control unit 50 calculates the predicted power amount of the next day's electric load 13 calculated based on the usage history of the electric load 13 and the predicted power amount of the power generation system 40 of the next day predicted by weather prediction. It has a function as a predicted amount calculation means. Furthermore, the charging / discharging plan control unit 50 calculates the hourly transition of the power consumption of the electric load 13 on the next day calculated based on the usage history of the electric load 13, and the next day predicted by the weather prediction. The power generation system 40 has a function as a predicted amount calculation unit that calculates a predicted power generation schedule that indicates a time-dependent transition of the power generation amount. The transition of each value in each schedule over time is, for example, transition in units of hours and minutes.

  The charging / discharging plan control unit 50 charges the facility storage battery 23 and the in-vehicle storage battery 30 along the charging / discharging plan stored in the storage unit, and the AC power line 12 from the facility storage battery 23 and the in-vehicle storage battery 30. Control the timing of discharge. The charge / discharge plan is determined by the predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule.

  The charging / discharging plan control unit 50 predicts the next day's weather according to the detected value of the atmospheric pressure detected by the atmospheric pressure sensor as the external information 70, and generates the next day's power generation system based on the weather prediction result and the past power generation result. The predicted power generation amount of the power generation amount by 40 is calculated. In addition, when the predicted power amount is larger than the predicted power generation amount, the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 calculates a shortage amount that is a difference between the predicted power amount and the predicted power generation amount. When the full charge amount (limit charge amount) that is the upper limit amount stored in the facility storage battery 23 is greater than or equal to the shortage amount, the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 stores the shortage amount after the storage of the facility storage battery 23. It also has a function as storage amount setting means for setting the amount of predicted electricity storage, which is an amount, and when the amount of limit electricity storage is less than the shortage amount, setting the amount of limit electricity storage to the amount of predicted electricity storage. Therefore, the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 predicts the weather for energy saving and low running cost, predicts the daytime solar power generation amount based on the weather prediction and the like, and predicts the solar power generation amount and the predicted power by the electric load 13. Taking into account the amount, determine the estimated amount of electricity stored in the late-night fee period.

  The predicted power storage amount is obtained by subtracting the total of the power storage amount remaining in the facility storage battery 23 and the predicted power generation amount (predicted value of power generation amount) on the next day from the learned value based on the past use of the electric load 13 by the user. It is calculated. Then, the charging / discharging plan control unit 50 operates the power storage unit 20 in the midnight time zone when the power is low, and performs power storage according to the calculated predicted power storage amount. Will join.

  The weather prediction calculation by the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 is based on the detected atmospheric pressure value, the vibration rate of the atmospheric pressure value, and the parameters of the change rate of the atmospheric pressure value on the next day's solar power generation amount. To decide. For example, the charging / discharging plan control unit 50 stores a predetermined map used for weather prediction calculation in the storage unit. The map is classified into two categories with a large proportion of vibration of the atmospheric pressure value. For each classification of the proportion of vibration, the inequality related to the variation rate of the atmospheric pressure value is further classified into a plurality of classifications. Each is further assigned an inequality for the atmospheric pressure value. Then, one predicted power generation amount can be determined by fitting each parameter of the atmospheric pressure value, the vibration ratio, and the change rate to the map. As the atmospheric pressure value, for example, the current detection value is used for calculation, and the vibration ratio and change rate from 4 hours before to the present time are used as the vibration ratio and the change rate. Therefore, the charging / discharging plan control unit 50 stores a map indicating the correlation between the past atmospheric pressure data and the past photovoltaic power generation amount in the storage unit. The charge / discharge plan control unit 50 determines the photovoltaic power generation amount (predicted power generation amount) of the next day using a map based on the atmospheric pressure. It is effective to update such a map sequentially, for example, by recording past atmospheric pressure data and past power generation results.

  Next, control by the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the midnight charging process of the charging / discharging plan control unit 50. The midnight charging process is a process of determining the amount of power stored in the facility storage battery 23 in the midnight time zone. The flow shown in FIG. 2 is executed when the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 is in a power-on state.

  When the flow starts, it is determined in step S11 whether or not the current time is 23:00. And if it is 23:00, it will progress to step S12, and if it is not 23:00, the process of step S11 is repeated.

  In step S12, a process of reading data such as past power consumption of the electrical load 13 stored in the storage means, transition of power consumption, and past photovoltaic power generation amount, transition of power generation amount, etc. is executed. Move on to S13. The past achievements are past achievements for a predetermined number of days (for example, the achievements for the day), and there are two types, a weekday achievement value and a holiday (Saturday, Sunday) achievement value. When reading, one type of data is selected according to the day of the week when reading.

  In step S13, the deviation δ of the used electric energy is calculated based on the read actual used electric energy, and the process proceeds to step S14. In step S14, the sum of the average value of the power consumption and the calculated deviation is set as the predicted power consumption and predicted consumption schedule for the next day, and the process proceeds to step S15. Therefore, the predicted power amount and the predicted consumption schedule are values obtained by adding deviations to the average value using the actual amount of power used. The actual amount of power used includes consumption of the in-vehicle storage battery 30 mounted on the vehicle 31. When predicting, the operation schedule of the vehicle 31 on the next day may be read to calculate the predicted power consumption and the predicted consumption schedule. When the use schedule of the electric load 13 on the next day of the user is known, the use schedule may be read to calculate the predicted power consumption and the predicted consumption schedule. The use schedule includes not only a specific use schedule of the electric load 13 but also a user's action schedule, for example, a schedule when the user is supposed to stay at home because it is a day of the week that is not originally at home. In other words, the learning data of the power consumption, which is the actual power consumption, is generated from the past data relating to the season, day of the week, time, presence / absence at home, and parking state of the electric vehicle.

  In step S15, the atmospheric pressure data stored in the storage means is read, and the process proceeds to step S16. The atmospheric pressure data is stored in the storage means, and for example, the entire atmospheric pressure data from the current time to 4 hours before is read. In step S15, the time width is four hours. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a step of reading all atmospheric pressure data having a predetermined time width.

  In step S16, the predicted power generation amount and predicted power generation schedule for the next day are calculated based on the atmospheric pressure data, and the process proceeds to step S17. In step S16, using the correlation map between the atmospheric pressure and the amount of photovoltaic power stored in the storage unit, the parameters of the read atmospheric pressure value, the vibration rate of the atmospheric pressure value, and the change rate of the atmospheric pressure value are obtained. By applying, the predicted power generation amount and the predicted power generation schedule are determined.

  In step S17, a predicted power storage amount is determined based on the predicted power amount and the predicted power generation amount, a charge / discharge plan is determined based on the predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule, and this flow ends. In order to determine the predicted power storage amount, the shortage amount is first calculated as described above. The shortage amount is calculated by the difference between the predicted power amount and the predicted power generation amount when the predicted power amount is larger than the predicted power generation amount. Next, when the limit storage amount of the facility storage battery 23 is not less than the shortage amount, the shortage amount is set as the predicted storage amount, and when the limit storage amount is less than the shortage amount, the limit storage amount is set as the predicted storage amount. To do. Similarly, in order to determine a charge / discharge plan, an excess / deficiency for each hour is calculated using a predicted consumption schedule and a predicted power generation schedule. The amount of excess or deficiency per hour is calculated based on the difference between the predicted power generation amount for the same time period in each schedule and the predicted power generation amount for the same time period. When the amount of electric power is large, the value is negative (minus) and is calculated with time.

  By such a midnight charging process, a predicted power storage amount is set as a power storage amount to be stored in the midnight time zone. As a result, the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 controls each unit so that the storage amount becomes the predicted storage amount in the midnight time zone. The next day's charge / discharge plan is set. This flow is a process executed at 23:00, but since the weather prediction changes sequentially, it may be executed periodically in the midnight time zone to update and set the predicted power storage amount as appropriate.

  Next, the control in the daytime time zone (for example, from 7 o'clock to 23 o'clock) by the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the daytime power processing of the charge / discharge plan control unit 50. The flow shown in FIG. 3 is executed when the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 is in a power-on state.

  When the flow is started, in step S21, it is determined whether or not the current time is the comparison time. If it is the comparison time, the process proceeds to step S22, and if it is not the comparison time, the process of step S21 is repeated. The comparison time is a time at regular or irregular intervals. For example, a time every 30 minutes from 7:00 am and a time every hour are the comparison time.

  In step S22, a process of reading various data such as a history of detected power consumption, a history of detected photovoltaic power generation, a transition of power storage, a predicted consumption schedule, a predicted power generation schedule, and a charge / discharge plan is executed. The process moves to S23.

  In step S23, the measured value and the predicted value are compared among the read data, the difference is calculated, and the process proceeds to step S24. The actually measured value is the transition of the amount of stored electricity, and the predicted value is the value of the charge / discharge plan.

  In step S24, it is determined whether or not the calculated difference is within the allowable value. If the calculated difference is within the allowable value, it is determined that the prediction is correct, and the flow ends. If the allowable value is exceeded but not within the allowable value, it is determined that the prediction has been lost, and the process proceeds to step S25. The allowable value is a value set as appropriate and is synonymous with the error range.

  In step S25, since the prediction is off, the predicted consumption schedule from the present to the midnight power time zone is calculated again, and the process proceeds to step S26. The calculation of the predicted consumption schedule is the same process as in step S14 described above.

  In step S26, since the prediction is off, a predicted power generation schedule from the present to the midnight power time zone is calculated, and the process proceeds to step S27. The calculation of the predicted power generation schedule is the same process as in step S16 described above.

  In step S27, a charge / discharge plan is newly determined based on the newly calculated predicted consumption schedule and predicted power generation schedule, and this flow ends. The calculation of the charge / discharge plan is the same process as in step S17 described above.

  When the prediction is not satisfied by such daytime power processing, the charge / discharge plan is determined based on the latest measured value. Therefore, the charge / discharge plan, for example, distributes the amount of power supplied to the AC power line 12 of the amount of solar power generated and the amount of power stored in the storage battery for installation or in-vehicle storage battery 30 so that the consumption of the supplied power is reduced, and The amount of power supplied to the wiring of the installation storage battery or the in-vehicle storage battery 30 can be determined.

  Next, a specific charging / discharging plan calculation method will be described. The result of the charge / discharge plan differs depending on the preset control mode. The control modes include, for example, a cost priority mode that prioritizes power costs, an eco mode that minimizes carbon dioxide emissions, and a constant mode that controls to follow a desired power demand pattern.

First, the cost priority mode will be described. In the cost priority mode, when the power generation amount is larger than the detected power consumption amount, control is performed so that the reverse power flow rate of the solar power to the power system increases. Here, the power demand for the external power system 11 per unit time is Wu, the power generation amount of the power generation system 40 is Wp, the power consumption amount of the electric load 13 is Wc, and the power storage amount to the facility storage battery 23 and the in-vehicle storage battery 30 is Wb. Then,
Wu + Wp = Wc + Wb (Formula 1)
It is represented by However, Wb> 0 represents charging, and Wb <0 represents discharging.

The power cost C is P (t) for the unit price of power for the time and B (t) for the charge amount of the storage battery.
C = ΣWu (t) · P (t)
= Σ (Wc (t) −Wp (t) + Wb (t)) · P (t) (Formula 2)
here,
B (t) = B (t−1) + Wb (t) (Formula 3)
However,
B (t) ≧ 0 (Formula 4)
It becomes. When determining the charge / discharge plan, Wb (t) that minimizes the power cost C is obtained from the prediction results of Wc (t) and Wp (t).

  The prediction of the power consumption Wc (t) and the prediction of the power generation amount Wp (t) are performed in advance in the flow shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as described above.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the power consumption and the power generation amount are measured at each comparison time, compared with the result of the predicted value, and the prediction result is updated so as to correct the difference using this difference information. This makes it possible to determine the charge / discharge plan reflecting the latest information. Therefore, control can be performed so that the power cost C is minimized, that is, the amount of power supplied from the system power is minimized.

  Next, the fixed mode will be described. In the fixed mode, based on the desired power demand pattern desired by the power company and the prediction of the power generation amount of the power generation system 40, the facility storage battery 23 and the in-vehicle storage battery 30 are aligned with the desired power demand pattern (corrected consumption schedule). Plan for charging. For example, when the amount of photovoltaic power generation is less than the detected power consumption (power consumption), the predicted consumption schedule is set to a desired power demand pattern that is set in advance so as to suppress the consumption of the supplied power.

The desired power demand pattern is distributed in advance to the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 as external information 70 from the supply side to the demand side in a pattern such as Wu (t) (t = 0, 1, 2,... 23). Where Wu ′ (t) = Wc (t) −Wp (t) + Wb (t) (Formula 5)
It is represented by

From the prediction results of Wc (t) and Wp (t), Wb (t) is controlled so that Wu ′ (t) meets the request. Here, for example, Σ (Wu (t) −Wu ′ (t)) ²
To minimize.

  As a result, similar to the above-described cost priority mode, the latest information is reflected, and the charge / discharge plan for the facility storage battery 23 and the in-vehicle storage battery 30 can be determined so as to follow the desired power demand pattern. Therefore, the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 can generate a charge plan for the storage battery in the facility for maximizing the purpose such as leveling on the supply side and peak cut on the demand side.

  As described above, the power supply system 10 of the present embodiment minimizes the amount of power stored in the midnight time zone, which is a specific time zone, by setting the predicted power storage amount using the predicted power amount and the predicted power generation amount. be able to. As a result, the power storage battery 23 is prevented from storing excessive power, and the power cost can be reduced. Since there are times when the prediction is off, control is required when the prediction is off. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in step S23 of FIG. 3, the measured value is compared with the predicted value, and when the difference exceeds the allowable value, the consumption of the solar power is reduced so that the consumption of the supplied power is reduced. In order to determine the distribution of the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the power generation amount and the amount of power stored in the facility storage battery 23 and the vehicle storage battery 30 and the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the facility storage battery 23 and the vehicle storage battery 30, It is controlled by the charge / discharge plan control unit 50. By comparing, it is possible to know when the prediction is lost, that is, when the difference between the actually measured value and the predicted value exceeds the allowable value. When such an allowable value is exceeded, the amount of power generation, the amount of power supplied to the wiring from the facility storage battery 23 and the in-vehicle storage battery 30 are determined so that the consumption of the supplied power is reduced. Therefore, even when the prediction is wrong, the charge / discharge plan can be corrected so as to reduce the consumption of the supplied power. Thus, it is possible to predict the power consumption and the amount of photovoltaic power generation, and to realize the power supply system 10 that can effectively use the amount of photovoltaic power generation even when the actual value differs from the predicted value. it can. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of a carbon dioxide can be suppressed by utilizing effectively the solar energy generated with the power generation method which does not generate a carbon dioxide.

  In other words, in the power supply system 10 of the present embodiment, the charging of the storage battery in the facility is planned based on the power generation prediction and the power demand prediction. The plan is determined according to the purpose such as demand-side peak cut of system power and leveling of system power. While controlling so as to satisfy these purposes, the power consumption and the power generation amount are observed in real time, and the deviation of the power generation amount and the demand amount from the predicted value is measured. Then, the charging plan for the storage battery in the facility is updated so as to correct the deviation from the predicted value, and charging control is performed. By efficiently managing charging from the grid power, it is possible to efficiently operate power throughout the region.

  In other words, the power supply system 10 of the present embodiment pays attention to the fact that the charge current amount of the storage battery in the facility can be controlled, and controls the storage amount from the power demand prediction and the power generation prediction. Then, the power consumption and the amount of power generation are measured in real time, and the plan is updated to correct the error in the prediction result.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when the difference between the actual measurement value and the predicted value exceeds the allowable value, the so-called cost priority mode is set such that the consumption of the supplied power is minimum and the reverse power flow to the power system of solar power is Each part is controlled by the charge / discharge plan control part 50 so that it may increase. Therefore, when it is out of prediction, for example, when there is a margin in the amount of power generation than the amount of power consumption, the use of the supplied power can be suppressed, so by controlling the consumption of the supplied power to the minimum , Power cost can be reduced. Further, by increasing the reverse flow rate, it is possible to obtain a profit and further reduce the power cost.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the difference between the actual measurement value and the predicted value is large, each unit is controlled by the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 so that the consumption of the supplied power becomes constant. Since the power consumption is controlled so that the desired power demand pattern, which is the corrected consumption schedule, is set, the desired power demand pattern is set for each building or region, so that the power consumption is concentrated at a certain time. Can be prevented. This can suppress the shortage of power supply from the power supply source to each building.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when the difference between the actual measurement value and the predicted value exceeds the allowable value, the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 newly calculates the charge / discharge plan as shown in step S27 of FIG. The storage unit stores the calculated charge / discharge plan every time the charge / discharge plan is calculated. Therefore, the latest charge / discharge plan is stored in the storage means. And the charging / discharging plan control part 50 uses the newest charging / discharging plan memorize | stored in a memory | storage means, when comparing. Therefore, since the prediction is appropriately corrected, the probability that the prediction is lost can be reduced. A suitable consumption and charging plan can thus be implemented.

(Other embodiments)
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  In the first embodiment described above, the charge / discharge plan is calculated, but without calculating the charge / discharge plan, the predicted consumption schedule is compared with the detected power consumption, and the predicted consumption schedule is detected. When the difference between the power generation amount exceeds the allowable value, or when the predicted power generation schedule is compared with the detected power generation amount, and the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation amount exceeds the allowable value, the supplied power Control to determine the distribution of the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the amount of photovoltaic power generation and the amount of power stored in the storage means, and the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the storage means Also good. In other words, since the charge / discharge plan is calculated from the predicted consumption schedule and the predicted consumption schedule, the same processing can be performed without calculating the charge / discharge plan.

  In the first embodiment described above, the comparison time interval is constant. However, the comparison time interval is not limited to a constant value, and may be compared at any time, intermittently, or irregularly. Alternatively, the comparison may be made when the power consumption is higher than a predetermined threshold value. For example, the charge / discharge plan control unit 50 may control the comparison time so that the comparison interval becomes smaller as the difference between the actual measurement value and the predicted value becomes larger than the allowable value. If the allowable value is exceeded, it is preferable to correct it at an earlier time point. Therefore, by shortening the comparison interval, it is possible to perform control when the prediction is lost at an earlier time point. As a result, even when the prediction is greatly deviated, it is possible to respond promptly. In other words, it is preferable that the deviation correction update timing is variable while observing the change rate of the difference.

In the first embodiment described above, atmospheric pressure data is acquired using an atmospheric pressure sensor. However, connection means for connecting to the Internet is provided, and atmospheric pressure data obtained by the Japan Meteorological Agency, etc. is acquired from the Internet and used. You may make it do. In addition to the atmospheric pressure data, from the past data of season, weather and temperature and weather forecast data. In the first embodiment described above, the power storage unit 20 and the charging stand 21 are separate. It doesn't matter. In the case where the power storage unit 20 and the charging stand 21 are separate, the degree of freedom of the installation position of each unit is improved. On the other hand, when the power storage unit 20 and the charging stand 21 are integrated, the configuration can be simplified.

  In the first embodiment described above, the stationary storage battery 23 for equipment and the in-vehicle storage battery 30 are both secondary batteries, but are not limited thereto. Any power storage means that can be charged and discharged can be used. For example, a capacitor or the like can be employed.

  In the first embodiment described above, the building is a house, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the building may be a store, a factory, a warehouse, or the like.

  In the first embodiment described above, the specific time zone is a midnight time zone (a time zone from 23:00 to 7 o'clock). However, the specific time zone is not limited to such a time zone and is appropriately changed according to the power supply contract. Is. Further, the prediction period is not limited to the next day, and may be another prediction period, for example, several hours from now.

  In the first embodiment described above, the vehicle 31 on which the in-vehicle storage battery 30 is mounted is an electric vehicle. However, the vehicle 31 is not limited to this, and may be a plug hybrid (PHV) vehicle, for example. In addition, as long as the vehicle 31 is equipped with the facility storage battery 23, the vehicle 31 is not limited to one that uses the power stored in the facility storage battery 23 for driving the vehicle 31.

10 ... Power supply system 11 ... External power system (power system)
12 ... AC power line (wiring)
13 ... Electric load 14 ... Power consumption meter (Power consumption detector)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Power storage unit 21 ... Charging stand 22 ... Power control circuit for storage batteries 23 ... Storage battery for facilities (power storage means)
24 ... Charge / discharge control circuit 30 ... Vehicle storage battery (power storage means)
31 ... Vehicle 40 ... Power generation system (photovoltaic power generation means)
41 ... Power control circuit for power generation 42 ... Power generation amount measuring device (power generation amount detecting means)
50. Charge / discharge plan control unit (consumption control means, predicted amount calculation means, storage amount setting means)

Claims (5)

Based on the power supply contract, the supply power supplied to the building from the power system (11) of the power supply source can be supplied to the electrical load (13) and the storage means (23, 30) connected to the wiring (12) A power supply system (10),
Solar power generation means (40) for generating power by sunlight;
The solar power generated by the solar power generation means connected to the wiring of the building and the supply power supplied from the power system can be charged, and the stored power can be discharged to the wiring. Power storage means (23, 30);
While controlling the consumption of the supplied power supplied from the electric power system, the consumption of the solar power is caused by the electric power consumption in the electric power storage means, the electric load, and the reverse power flow to the electric power system. Consumption control means (50) for controlling by consumption;
A predicted consumption schedule indicating the predicted power consumption of the electrical load in the prediction period calculated based on the usage history of the electrical load, the hourly transition of the predicted power consumption of the electrical load in the calculated prediction period, Predicted power generation means for calculating a predicted power generation schedule of the predicted power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation means in the prediction period predicted by weather prediction and the hourly transition of the predicted power generation amount in the predicted prediction period (50),
When the predicted power amount is larger than the predicted power generation amount, a shortage amount that is a difference between the predicted power amount and the predicted power generation amount is calculated, and a limit power storage amount that is an upper limit amount stored in the power storage unit is not enough. When the amount is not less than the amount, the shortage amount is set to a predicted amount of electricity that is stored after the electricity storage unit stores electricity, and when the limit amount of electricity is less than the shortage amount, the limit amount of electricity stored is the predicted amount of electricity stored. A storage amount setting means (50) for setting the amount;
Power consumption detection means (14) for detecting power consumption in the electric load;
A power generation amount detection means (42) for detecting a power generation amount in the solar power generation means,
The consumption control means includes
In a specific time zone where the power cost is cheaper than other time zones determined based on the power supply contract, control is performed so that power is stored by the supplied power until the power storage amount of the power storage means reaches the set predicted power storage amount. ,
The predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption are compared, and when the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption exceeds an allowable value, or the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power consumption When the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation amount exceeds an allowable value, the wiring of the solar power generation amount is reduced so that the consumption of the supplied power is reduced. A power supply system that determines the distribution of the amount of power supplied to the power storage unit and the amount of power stored in the power storage unit, and the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the power storage unit.   When the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption exceeds an allowable value, or the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation exceeds an allowable value. When the power generation amount is larger than the detected power consumption amount, the wiring of the solar power generation amount is so that the reverse power flow of the solar power to the power system increases. 2. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the distribution of the amount of power supplied to the power storage unit and the amount of power stored in the power storage unit and the amount of power supplied to the wiring of the power storage unit are determined.   When the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption exceeds an allowable value, or the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation exceeds an allowable value. When the power generation amount is smaller than the detected power consumption amount, the predicted consumption schedule is set to a correction consumption schedule set in advance so as to suppress the consumption of the supplied power. The power supply system according to claim 1. A storage unit that stores the calculated predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule each time the predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule are calculated by the predicted amount calculation unit;
The predicted amount calculation means includes
When the difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption exceeds an allowable value, the predicted consumption schedule is newly calculated,
When the difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation amount exceeds an allowable value, the predicted power generation schedule is newly calculated,
The power according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the consumption control means uses the latest predicted consumption schedule and the predicted power generation schedule stored in the storage means when performing the comparison. Supply system.   The consumption control means periodically performs the comparison, and at least one of a difference between the predicted consumption schedule and the detected power consumption, and a difference between the predicted power generation schedule and the detected power generation 5. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein control is performed such that the comparison interval decreases as the value increases beyond the allowable value. 6.

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