JP2012219363A - Method for production of sintered ore - Google Patents

Method for production of sintered ore Download PDF

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JP2012219363A
JP2012219363A JP2011089380A JP2011089380A JP2012219363A JP 2012219363 A JP2012219363 A JP 2012219363A JP 2011089380 A JP2011089380 A JP 2011089380A JP 2011089380 A JP2011089380 A JP 2011089380A JP 2012219363 A JP2012219363 A JP 2012219363A
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sintered ore
sintered
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area ratio
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JP5640876B2 (en
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Masaki Yano
正樹 矢野
Takashi Shinohara
貴司 篠原
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the yield and productivity of a sintered ore by keeping the quality of the sintered ore constant with elapsed time by inhibiting the change of the quality of the sintered ore with elapsed time.SOLUTION: In a sintered ore production method for producing the sintered ore with a continuous sintering machine, (a) the image of the fracture surface of a sintered cake with an exposed red-hot zone at the time of ore discharge is periodically taken with an imaging device set at the ore discharge part of the continuous sintering machine, (b) at every image taken, (b1) the areal ratio Z (%) of the red-hot zone image to the entire image taken is calculated, (b2) the image taken is divided into n portions in the width direction of the sintered cake, and the areal ratio Zm (m=1 to n) (%) of the red-hot zone image to the corresponding divided image for every image is calculated, and (b3), the standard deviation σw of the areal ratio Zm (m=1 to n) (%) is calculated on the basis of the areal ratio Z (%), and (c) the change of the standard deviation σw with elapsed time is monitored.

Description

本発明は、高炉に装入する焼結鉱を連続焼結機で製造する際、焼結鉱の品質(強度、耐還元粉化性、被還元性等)を経時的にほぼ一定に維持し、焼結鉱を安定的に製造する方法に関する。   The present invention maintains the quality of sintered ore (strength, reduction powder resistance, reducibility, etc.) over time when producing the sintered ore charged into the blast furnace with a continuous sintering machine. The present invention relates to a method for stably producing sintered ore.

高炉操業においては、製鉄原料として、塊鉱石の他、粉鉱石等の焼結原料を焼結した焼結鉱を使用する。通常、焼結鉱は、連続式焼結機、例えば、複数の焼結パレットを給鉱部から給鉱部まで無限軌道状に配列し、給鉱部側に点火炉、及び、焼結パレット下部に空気を吸引するウインドボックスを設けたDL式焼結機で製造する。   In blast furnace operation, sintered ore obtained by sintering sintered raw materials such as powdered ores as well as massive ores is used as an iron-making raw material. Usually, the sintered ore is a continuous sintering machine, for example, a plurality of sintered pallets are arranged in an endless track from the feeding section to the feeding section, the ignition furnace on the feeding section side, and the lower part of the sintering pallet It is manufactured by a DL-type sintering machine provided with a wind box for sucking air.

焼結原料は、粉鉱石、含鉄ダスト等の含鉄原料の他、石灰石や珪石等の副原料、及び、粉コーク等の燃料等を所定の比率で配合し、水分量を調整しつつ、混合、造粒して、擬似粒子化したものであり、給鉱部から焼結パレットに装入されて、焼結パレット上で原料充填層を形成する。   Sintering raw materials, in addition to iron-containing raw materials such as powdered ore and iron-containing dust, auxiliary materials such as limestone and silica, and fuel such as powdered coke, etc. are mixed at a predetermined ratio, mixed while adjusting the amount of water, It is granulated and turned into pseudo particles, and is charged into the sintering pallet from the supply section to form a raw material packed layer on the sintering pallet.

点火炉で原料充填層の表層に点火した後、空気をウインドボックスで吸引しつつ、焼結パレットを排鉱部まで水平に移動させて、原料充填層を上層から焼成し、焼結鉱塊(シンターケーキ)を製造する。焼結鉱塊は、焼結機の排鉱部から排出され、破砕されて、所要粒度の焼結鉱となる。   After igniting the surface layer of the raw material packed bed in the ignition furnace, the air is sucked in the windbox, the sintering pallet is moved horizontally to the discharge section, the raw material packed bed is fired from the upper layer, and the sintered ore ( Sinter cake). The sintered ore is discharged from the waste ore portion of the sintering machine and crushed into a sintered ore having a required particle size.

焼結鉱には、高炉用原料として必要な品質(強度、耐還元粉化性、被還元性等)が要求される。焼結鉱の製造においては、所要の品質を維持しつつ、生産性良く製造することが求められる。そのため、これまで、種々の製造方法が提案されている(特許文献1〜8、参照)。   Sintered ores are required to have the qualities required for blast furnace raw materials (strength, reduction powder resistance, reducibility, etc.). In the manufacture of sintered ore, it is required to manufacture with high productivity while maintaining the required quality. Therefore, various manufacturing methods have been proposed so far (see Patent Documents 1 to 8).

特許文献1〜3に記載の製造方法によれば、(a)焼結パレットの幅方向における吸引風量の違い、(b)焼結層の収縮量の違いに起因する焼結パレット幅方向における温度のばらつき、及び、(c)この“ばらつき”に起因する焼結パレット幅方向における品質及び歩留の低下を抑制することができる。   According to the production methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, (a) the difference in suction air volume in the width direction of the sintered pallet, (b) the temperature in the width direction of the sintered pallet due to the difference in the shrinkage amount of the sintered layer And (c) deterioration in quality and yield in the width direction of the sintered pallet due to this “variation” can be suppressed.

しかし、特許文献1〜3に記載の方法においては、焼結鉱の品質を決定付ける排鉱部の温度の管理がなされておらず、また、焼結層の高さ方向における品質改善効果が小さいので、焼結鉱の品質の充分な向上は達成されていない。   However, in the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the temperature of the exhausted portion that determines the quality of the sintered ore is not managed, and the quality improvement effect in the height direction of the sintered layer is small. Therefore, sufficient improvement in the quality of the sintered ore has not been achieved.

特許文献4及び5には、焼結機の排鉱部に配置した放射温度計で、焼結パレットの幅方向に区画した区画毎に、焼結鉱(排鉱部)の温度を測定し、測定した温度に基づいて、各区画において、焼結が完了している1100℃以下の領域の面積率が90%以上となるように、焼結原料の造粒条件(水分量、生石灰量)や装入条件を調整する方法が記載されている。   In patent documents 4 and 5, the temperature of the sintered ore (exhaust part) is measured for each section partitioned in the width direction of the sintering pallet with a radiation thermometer arranged in the exhaust part of the sintering machine, Based on the measured temperature, the granulation conditions (moisture content, quick lime content) of the sintering raw material are set so that the area ratio of the region of 1100 ° C. or lower where the sintering is completed is 90% or more in each section. A method for adjusting the charging conditions is described.

しかし、特許文献4及び5に記載の方法では、焼結の進行状態を適確に把握することが難しく、また、特許文献1〜3に記載の方法と同様に、焼結層の高さ方向における品質改善効果が小さいので、焼結鉱の品質を十分に向上させることはできていない。   However, in the methods described in Patent Documents 4 and 5, it is difficult to accurately grasp the progress of the sintering, and the height direction of the sintered layer is the same as the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3. Since the quality improvement effect in is small, the quality of the sintered ore cannot be sufficiently improved.

特許文献6には、排鉱部に配置した赤外線カメラで、焼結層の高さ(上層、中層、下層)別に温度を測定し、150℃以上の赤熱部の面積率に基づき、給鉱部に配置した炭材吹き込み装置から、原料充填層の高さ別に炭材を吹き込む方法が記載されている。   In Patent Document 6, the temperature is measured for each sintered layer height (upper layer, middle layer, lower layer) with an infrared camera arranged in the exhausting section, and based on the area ratio of the red hot section of 150 ° C. or higher, the feeding section Describes a method of injecting carbonaceous material according to the height of the raw material packed bed from the carbonaceous material blowing device arranged in the above.

しかし、特許文献6に、焼結鉱の品質を維持するための、150℃以上の赤熱部の面積率に係る基準は開示されていない。温度が150℃以上の赤熱部は、焼結が完了していない1100℃以上の赤熱部を含むから、特許文献6に記載の方法では、焼結鉱の品質の顕著な向上は期待できない。   However, Patent Document 6 does not disclose a standard related to the area ratio of the red hot part at 150 ° C. or higher for maintaining the quality of the sintered ore. Since the red hot part having a temperature of 150 ° C. or higher includes a red hot part having a temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher where the sintering has not been completed, the method described in Patent Document 6 cannot be expected to significantly improve the quality of the sintered ore.

特許文献7には、排鉱部に配置した熱画像用カメラで、焼結鉱(排鉱部)の高さ方向の温度分布を測定し、排鉱部の赤熱層(熱画像で1100℃以上の温度)が、焼結パレットの底部に位置するように、焼結パレットの搬送速度や、ウインドボックスの吸引速度を制御する方法が開示されている。   In Patent Document 7, the temperature distribution in the height direction of the sintered ore (exhaust part) is measured with a thermal image camera arranged in the exhaust part, and the red hot layer (1100 ° C. or higher in the thermal image) of the exhaust ore part. A method for controlling the conveying speed of the sintering pallet and the suction speed of the wind box so that the temperature of the pallet is located at the bottom of the sintering pallet is disclosed.

しかし、特許文献7に記載の方法においては、1100℃以上の赤熱層が、焼結パレット底部より上方の焼結層内に、焼成不十分な焼結部分を含むので、焼結鉱の品質を十分に高くすることは難しい。   However, in the method described in Patent Document 7, since the red hot layer of 1100 ° C. or higher includes a sintered part insufficiently fired in the sintered layer above the bottom of the sintered pallet, the quality of the sintered ore is reduced. It is difficult to make it high enough.

特許文献8には、排鉱部に配置したカメラで、排鉱時の焼結鉱塊の破断面を撮像し、経時的な撮像画像に基づいて、撮像画像全体に対する360℃以上1000℃以下の領域の面積比率Sh(t)(%)、及び、焼結パレットの幅方向及び高さ方向における温度の標準偏差値の総和Σσxy(t)を算出し、面積比率Sh(t)(%)が基準値A以上となり、総和Σσxy(t)が基準値B以下となるように操業条件を制御する方法が開示されている。   In Patent Document 8, the fracture surface of the sintered ore at the time of the ore is imaged with a camera arranged in the ore part, and based on the captured image over time, the entire captured image is 360 ° C. or more and 1000 ° C. or less. The area ratio Sh (t) (%) of the region and the sum Σσxy (t) of the standard deviation values of the temperature in the width direction and the height direction of the sintered pallet are calculated, and the area ratio Sh (t) (%) is A method is disclosed in which the operating conditions are controlled such that the reference value A is greater than or equal to the sum Σσxy (t) is less than or equal to the reference value B.

しかし、特許文献8に記載の方法は、その時点tのみの測定結果に基づいて、操業状態の善し悪しを判断しているため、原因の特定までは困難であり、焼結鉱の品質を、経時的に、所要のレベルに維持することが難しい。   However, since the method described in Patent Document 8 determines whether the operating state is good or bad based on the measurement result only at the time t, it is difficult to identify the cause. In particular, it is difficult to maintain the required level.

特開平06−136456号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-136456 特開平06−330194号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-330194 特開平07−180972号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-180972 特開平08−127822号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-127822 特開平08−143981号公報JP 08-143981 A 特開平10−310828号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-310828 特開平07−126763号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-126763 特開2009−280837号公報JP 2009-280837 A

焼結鉱の製造において、(a)焼結機の排鉱部で、焼結パレット幅方向及び/又は焼結層高さ方向の温度を適切に制御することは、焼結鉱の品質向上の点で重要であるが、さらに、(b)焼結鉱内における焼成の不均一を経時的に抑制し、焼結鉱の品質を経時的に一定に維持することが、焼結鉱の歩留り及び生産性の向上の点で重要である。   In the production of sintered ore, (a) appropriately controlling the temperature in the sintering pallet width direction and / or the sintered layer height direction in the discharge section of the sintering machine can improve the quality of the sintered ore. In addition, it is important in terms of (b) suppressing the non-uniformity of firing in the sinter over time and maintaining the quality of the sinter constant over time. This is important in terms of productivity.

しかし、焼結鉱の品質の経時的な変動に着目し、この変動を抑制して、焼結鉱の歩留り及び生産性の向上を図る方法はこれまで提案されていない。   However, a method for improving the yield and productivity of the sintered ore by suppressing the fluctuation and paying attention to the temporal change in the quality of the sintered ore has not been proposed so far.

そこで、本発明は、焼結鉱の品質の経時的変動を抑制して、焼結鉱の品質を経時的に一定に維持し、焼結鉱の歩留り及び生産性の向上を図ることを課題とし、該課題を解決する焼結鉱の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to suppress the temporal fluctuation of the quality of the sintered ore, maintain the quality of the sintered ore constant over time, and improve the yield and productivity of the sintered ore. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a sintered ore that solves the problem.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決する手法について鋭意検討した。その結果、連続焼結機の排鉱部で、赤熱帯が露出した焼結鉱塊の破断面を定期的に撮像し、撮像画像に基づいて、焼結鉱塊の幅方向(焼結パレットの幅方向)における赤熱帯分布の標準偏差を求め、標準偏差の経時的変動を監視することにより、上記課題を解決できることを見いだした。   The present inventors diligently studied a method for solving the above problems. As a result, the fracture surface of the sintered ore where the red tropics are exposed is periodically imaged at the discharge section of the continuous sintering machine, and based on the captured image, the width direction of the sintered ore (sintered pallet) It was found that the above problem can be solved by obtaining the standard deviation of the red-tropical distribution in the width direction and monitoring the temporal variation of the standard deviation.

本発明は、上記知見に基づいてなされたもので、その要旨は以下のとおりである。   This invention was made | formed based on the said knowledge, and the summary is as follows.

(1)焼結鉱を連続式焼結機で製造する焼結鉱の製造方法において、
(a)連続焼結機の排鉱部に設置した撮像機器で、赤熱帯が露出した排鉱時のシンターケーキの垂直破断面を定期的に撮像し、
(b)上記撮像毎に、
(b1)撮像画像全体に対する赤熱帯の面積比率Z(%)を算出するとともに、
(b2)撮像画像を、焼結機パレットの幅方向にn個に区分し、区分画像毎に、区分画像に対する赤熱帯の面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)を算出し、
(b3)上記面積比率Z(%)を基準として、上記面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)の標準偏差σwを算出し、
(c)上記標準偏差σwの経時動向を監視する
ことを特徴とする焼結鉱の製造方法。
(1) In the manufacturing method of the sintered ore which manufactures the sintered ore with a continuous sintering machine,
(A) With an imaging device installed in the discharge section of the continuous sintering machine, periodically image the vertical fracture surface of the sinter cake during the discharge, where the red tropics are exposed,
(B) For each imaging,
(B1) While calculating the red-tropical area ratio Z (%) to the entire captured image,
(B2) The captured image is divided into n pieces in the width direction of the sintering machine pallet, and for each of the divided images, the red-tropical area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) with respect to the divided image is calculated.
(B3) A standard deviation σw of the area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) is calculated based on the area ratio Z (%),
(C) A method for producing a sintered ore characterized by monitoring the time course of the standard deviation σw.

(2)前記監視は、前記面積比率Zと前記標準偏差σwが比例関係を保ちつつ所定の範囲を変動する通常操業域と対比して行うことを特徴とする前記(1)に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。   (2) The sintering according to (1), wherein the monitoring is performed in comparison with a normal operation range in which a predetermined range is changed while the area ratio Z and the standard deviation σw maintain a proportional relationship. Manufacturing method of ore.

(3)前記監視中、Zとσwの変動が前記比例帯域から乖離する特異な変動をすれば、該変動の要因を特定し、該要因を除去する操業条件の変更を行うことを特徴とする前記(2)に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。   (3) During the monitoring, if the fluctuations of Z and σw have a peculiar fluctuation that deviates from the proportional band, the factor of the fluctuation is specified, and the operating condition is changed to remove the factor. The manufacturing method of the sintered ore as described in said (2).

(4)前記赤熱帯は、700℃以上の領域であることを特徴とする前記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。   (4) The method for producing a sintered ore according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the reddish tropical region is a region of 700 ° C. or higher.

(5)前記変更の対象となる操業条件が、焼結原料のAl23量、焼結原料のFeO量、及び、粉コークス配合量のいずれか1つ又は2つ以上であることを特徴とする前記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。 (5) The operation condition to be changed is one or more of Al 2 O 3 amount of the sintering raw material, FeO amount of the sintering raw material, and powder coke blending amount. The method for producing a sintered ore according to any one of (1) to (4).

本発明によれば、焼結鉱の品質の経時的変動を抑制して、焼結鉱の歩留り及び生産性の向上を図ることができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the time-dependent fluctuation | variation of the quality of a sintered ore can be suppressed, and the yield and productivity of a sintered ore can be aimed at.

DL式焼結機による焼結鉱の製造の態様を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the aspect of manufacture of the sintered ore by DL type sintering machine. CCDカメラで撮像した焼結鉱塊の破断面の画像と温度分布を模式的に示す図である。(a)は、破断面の画像を示し、(b)は、破断面の温度分布を示す(等温線は700℃と850℃)。It is a figure which shows typically the image and temperature distribution of the fracture surface of the sintered ore imaged with the CCD camera. (A) shows an image of a fracture surface, and (b) shows a temperature distribution of the fracture surface (isothermal lines are 700 ° C. and 850 ° C.). パレット高さ720mm、パレット幅5500mmのパレットの幅方向断面と、該パレットで焼結した焼結鉱塊の破断面の画像(時刻tのとき撮像)を示す図である。(a)は、焼結原料の装入時に焼結原料の流路を区画するサブゲート(SG1〜SG9)の配置態様を示し、(b)は、焼結鉱塊の破断面を撮像した画像(時刻t1のとき撮像)を示し、(c)は、該画像に、700〜850℃の帯域と、850℃以上の帯域(赤熱帯高温部)を区別する画像処理を施した画像を示す。It is a figure which shows the width direction cross section of the pallet with a pallet height of 720 mm and a pallet width of 5500 mm, and an image of the fractured surface of the sintered ore sintered with the pallet (imaged at time t). (A) shows the arrangement mode of the sub-gates (SG1 to SG9) that divide the flow path of the sintered raw material when the sintered raw material is charged, and (b) is an image obtained by imaging the fracture surface of the sintered ore ( (Image is taken at time t1), and (c) shows an image obtained by subjecting the image to image processing for distinguishing a band of 700 to 850 ° C. and a band of 850 ° C. or higher (red tropical high temperature part). 焼結鉱塊の破断面の画像をパレット幅方向に12に区分して算出した赤熱帯の面積比率の分布と、その経時変動(時間間隔は20〜40秒)を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the distribution of the red-tropical area ratio calculated by classifying the image of the fracture surface of a sintered ore into 12 in the pallet width direction, and the change with time (the time interval is 20 to 40 seconds). 標準偏差σwがセンターケーキの厚さとの比例関係から外れて変動する態様を模式的に示す図である。(A)は、焼結原料のAl23量の増加に伴う標準偏差σwの変動を示し、(B)は、焼結原料のFeO量(熱量)の増加に伴う標準偏差σwの変動を示し、(C)は、操業度上昇(赤熱帯厚み増)に伴う標準偏差σwの変動を示す。It is a figure which shows typically the aspect from which the standard deviation (sigma) w fluctuates and remove | deviates from the proportional relationship with the thickness of a center cake. (A) shows the variation of the standard deviation σw with the increase in the amount of Al 2 O 3 in the sintering material, and (B) shows the variation in the standard deviation σw with the increase in the amount of FeO (heat amount) in the sintering material. (C) shows the fluctuation of the standard deviation σw accompanying the increase in the operation rate (increased red tropical thickness). 実施例1における標準偏差σwの変動を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the fluctuation | variation of the standard deviation (sigma) w in Example 1. FIG. 実施例2における標準偏差σwの変動を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the fluctuation | variation of the standard deviation (sigma) w in Example 2. FIG.

本発明について説明する。図1に、DL式焼結機による焼結鉱の製造の態様を示す。鉄鉱石粉、炭材(コークス粉)、石灰石粉等を所定の比率で配合し、水と混合し、造粒して擬似粒子化した焼結原料1は、焼結機の給鉱部に設けたサージホッパー2に貯留される。   The present invention will be described. In FIG. 1, the aspect of manufacture of the sintered ore by a DL type sintering machine is shown. A sintered raw material 1 in which iron ore powder, carbonaceous material (coke powder), limestone powder, etc. are blended at a predetermined ratio, mixed with water, granulated into pseudo particles, was provided in the feed section of the sintering machine. It is stored in the surge hopper 2.

焼結原料1は、サージホッパー2の下部に設けたドラムフイーダー3から切り出され、シュート5から、図中矢印方向に移動する焼結パレット6の底部に敷いた床敷7’(床敷ホッパー2’から床敷原料1’が、焼結原料1の供給に先立って供給されて形成される)の上に連続的に供給されて、原料充填層7が形成される。   The sintering raw material 1 is cut out from a drum feeder 3 provided in the lower part of the surge hopper 2 and laid on the floor of a sintering pallet 6 moving in the direction of the arrow in the figure from the chute 5 (floor hopper 7 ' 2 ′ to the floor covering raw material 1 ′ are continuously supplied onto the raw material filling layer 7 by being supplied prior to the supply of the sintering raw material 1).

給鉱部側に設けた点火炉13で、原料充填層7の上面に点火し、炭材を燃焼させる。スプロケット4を駆動して、焼結パレット6を一定速度で矢印方向に移動させるとともに、パレット6の下側に設けたウインドボックス8、メインダクト9、排ガス集塵機10、及び、吸引ブロアー11を介して吸気し、原料充填層7の燃焼帯に空気を供給する。なお、吸気したガスは、煙突12から排出される。   In the ignition furnace 13 provided on the side of the feed section, the upper surface of the raw material packed bed 7 is ignited to burn the carbonaceous material. The sprocket 4 is driven to move the sintered pallet 6 at a constant speed in the direction of the arrow, and through the wind box 8, the main duct 9, the exhaust gas dust collector 10, and the suction blower 11 provided below the pallet 6. Intake air is supplied to the combustion zone of the raw material packed bed 7. Note that the sucked gas is discharged from the chimney 12.

原料充填層7中の炭材が燃焼する燃焼帯が、原料充填層7の表層から下層へ移動し、原料充填層7が焼結機の排鉱部14に達するまでに焼成が完了するように、焼結パレット6の移動速度を制御する。焼成が完了した原料充填層7は、焼結機の排鉱部14で、表層部に、焼結パレット6の幅方向に亀裂が生じて破断し、焼結鉱塊15となって落下し、次の工程へ搬送される。   The combustion zone in which the carbonaceous material in the raw material packed bed 7 burns moves from the surface layer of the raw material packed layer 7 to the lower layer, and firing is completed by the time the raw material packed layer 7 reaches the exhausting portion 14 of the sintering machine. The moving speed of the sintering pallet 6 is controlled. The raw material packed layer 7 that has been fired is cracked in the width direction of the sintered pallet 6 in the surface layer portion at the discharge portion 14 of the sintering machine, and falls as a sintered ore 15. It is conveyed to the next process.

焼結鉱塊15が、焼結機の排鉱部14から落下する直前に、破断して露出したシンターケーキの破断面を撮像機器16で撮像する。撮像機器は、特定の機器に限定されないが、CCDカメラ、又は、ITVカメラが好ましい。例えば、CCDカメラで撮像した場合、RGB信号の放射輝度のR成分とG成分の比と、予め黒体炉を用いて作成した校正曲線との関係から温度を求めることができる。   Immediately before the sintered ore 15 falls from the discharge portion 14 of the sintering machine, the fracture surface of the sinter cake that is broken and exposed is imaged by the imaging device 16. The imaging device is not limited to a specific device, but a CCD camera or an ITV camera is preferable. For example, when an image is captured by a CCD camera, the temperature can be obtained from the relationship between the ratio of the R component and the G component of the radiance of the RGB signal and a calibration curve created in advance using a black body furnace.

ここで、図2に、CCDカメラで撮像したシンターケーキの破断面の画像と温度分布を模式的に示す。図2(a)に、破断面の画像を示し、図2(b)に、図2(a)に示す撮像画像における温度分布を、700℃と850℃の等温線で示す。   Here, FIG. 2 schematically shows an image of the fracture surface of the sinter cake taken by the CCD camera and the temperature distribution. FIG. 2A shows an image of a fracture surface, and FIG. 2B shows the temperature distribution in the captured image shown in FIG. 2A with isothermal lines at 700 ° C. and 850 ° C.

本発明者らは、連続焼結機の排鉱部で、赤熱帯が露出したシンターケーキの破断面を定期的に撮像し、撮像画像に基づいて、焼結鉱の品質の経時的な変動を監視する手法について検討し、次の手法を創案した。   The present inventors periodically image the fracture surface of the sinter cake where the red tropics are exposed at the discharge section of the continuous sintering machine, and based on the captured image, the temporal change in the quality of the sintered ore is observed. We examined the monitoring method and created the following method.

(a)赤熱帯が露出した排鉱時のシンターケーキの破断面を定期的に撮像し、
(b)上記撮像毎に、
(b1)撮像画像全体に対する赤熱帯画像の面積比率Z(%)を算出するとともに、
(b2)撮像画像を、焼結鉱塊の横方向にn個に区分し、区分画像毎に、区分画像に対する赤熱帯画像の面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)を算出し、
(b3)上記面積比率Z(%)を基準として、上記面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)の標準偏差σwを算出し、
(c)上記標準偏差σwの経時的動向を監視する。
(A) Regularly image the fracture surface of the sinter cake during the excavation where the red tropics are exposed,
(B) For each imaging,
(B1) While calculating the area ratio Z (%) of the red tropical image with respect to the whole captured image,
(B2) The captured image is divided into n pieces in the transverse direction of the sintered ore, and the area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) of the red tropical image to the divided image is calculated for each divided image.
(B3) A standard deviation σw of the area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) is calculated based on the area ratio Z (%),
(C) Monitor the trend of the standard deviation σw over time.

上記手法が、本発明の基礎をなすものである。上記手法について、図3及び図4に基づいて詳細に説明する。   The above technique forms the basis of the present invention. The above method will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

図3に、パレット高さ720mm、パレット幅5500mmの焼結パレットの幅方向断面と、この焼結パレットで焼結したシンターケーキの破断面の画像(時刻t1のとき撮像)を示す。図3(a)に、焼結原料の装入時、焼結原料の流路を区画するサブゲート(SG1〜SG9)の配置態様を示す。なお、焼結パレットの直下には、サブゲート(SG2〜SG8)に対応して熱電対(TC1〜TC7)が配置されている。   FIG. 3 shows a cross-section in the width direction of a sintered pallet having a pallet height of 720 mm and a pallet width of 5500 mm, and an image of a fractured surface of a sintered cake sintered with the sintered pallet (imaged at time t1). FIG. 3A shows an arrangement mode of sub-gates (SG1 to SG9) that divide the flow path of the sintering raw material when the sintering raw material is charged. Directly below the sintering pallet, thermocouples (TC1 to TC7) are arranged corresponding to the sub-gates (SG2 to SG8).

図3(b)に、シンターケーキの破断面の画像を示す。図3(c)に、700〜850℃の帯域(赤熱帯低温域)と、850℃以上の帯域(赤熱帯高温域)を区別する画像処理を施した画像を示す。   FIG. 3B shows an image of the fracture surface of the sinter cake. FIG. 3C shows an image subjected to image processing for distinguishing a band of 700 to 850 ° C. (red tropical low temperature region) and a band of 850 ° C. or higher (red tropical high temperature region).

図3(b)及び図3(c)に示すように、シンターケーキの破断面の画像は、パレットの幅方向において、サブゲート(SG1〜SG9)の幅に対応して、12個に区分されている。   As shown in FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C, the image of the fracture surface of the sinter cake is divided into 12 pieces in the width direction of the pallet corresponding to the width of the sub-gates (SG1 to SG9). Yes.

ただし、焼結鉱塊の破断面の画像の区分数は、サブゲートの数に対応させる必要はなく、実際に撮像した赤熱帯の形状状態などを考慮して、適宜、設定すればよい。また、区分画像の幅も、サブゲートの幅に対応させる必要はなく、特に詳細に測定したい箇所を細分化するなど、適宜、設定すればよい。   However, the number of sections of the image of the fracture surface of the sintered ore does not need to correspond to the number of subgates, and may be set as appropriate in consideration of the shape of the red-tropical shape actually captured. Further, the width of the segmented image does not need to correspond to the width of the sub-gate, and may be set as appropriate, for example, by subdividing a portion to be measured in detail.

前述したように、定期的に撮像したシンターケーキの破断面の撮像画像毎に、まず、
(b1)撮像画像全体に対する赤熱帯の面積比率Z(%)を算出するとともに、
(b2)撮像画像を、シンターケーキの横方向にn個に区分し、区分画像毎に、区分画像に対する赤熱帯の面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)を算出する。
As described above, for each captured image of the fracture surface of the sinter cake taken periodically,
(B1) While calculating the red-tropical area ratio Z (%) to the entire captured image,
(B2) The captured image is divided into n pieces in the horizontal direction of the sinter cake, and the red-tropical area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) with respect to the divided image is calculated for each divided image.

図4に、シンターケーキの破断面の画像を、焼結パレットの幅方向に、12の区画に区分して算出した赤熱帯の面積比率(以下「区画面積率」という。)の分布とその経時変動を示す。時間間隔は20〜40秒である。   FIG. 4 shows the distribution of red-tropical area ratio (hereinafter referred to as “compartment area ratio”) calculated by dividing the image of the fracture surface of the sinter cake into 12 sections in the width direction of the sintering pallet and the time course. Showing fluctuations. The time interval is 20-40 seconds.

シンターケーキの破断面の幅方向における赤熱帯の分布は、焼結鉱の品質に大きく影響する。そこで、本発明者らは、図4に示すように、シンターケーキの破断面の幅方向における赤熱帯の区画面積比率の分布が経時的に変動することに着目し、区画面積比率の分布と、その変動を統計的に整理できれば、焼結鉱の品質の経時的変動を定量的に把握でき、焼結鉱の品質の変動を抑制することができると発想した。   The red tropical distribution in the width direction of the fracture surface of the sinter cake greatly affects the quality of the sinter. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the present inventors pay attention to the fact that the distribution of the red-tropical section area ratio in the width direction of the fracture surface of the sinter cake fluctuates over time, and the distribution of the section area ratio, I thought that if the fluctuations could be statistically organized, the temporal fluctuations in the quality of the sintered ore could be grasped quantitatively and the fluctuations in the quality of the sintered ore could be suppressed.

本発明者らは、撮像画像全体に対する赤熱帯画像の面積比率Z(%)を基準として算出した区分面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)の標準偏差σwを、時間tでのシンターケーキの破断面の品質を表示する指標として採用し、標準偏差σwの経時動向を監視した。   The inventors calculated the standard deviation σw of the divided area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) calculated based on the area ratio Z (%) of the red tropical image with respect to the entire captured image as a sinter at time t. Adopted as an indicator to display the quality of the fracture surface of the cake, the trend over time of the standard deviation σw was monitored.

本発明者らの監視結果によれば、横軸に赤熱帯の厚さZ、縦軸に標準偏差σwをとった図(以下、監視図)において、両者は以下のように変動することが判明した。   According to the monitoring results of the present inventors, it is found that in the graph (hereinafter referred to as monitoring diagram) in which the horizontal axis represents the thickness of the red tropics Z and the vertical axis represents the standard deviation σw, both fluctuate as follows. did.

(w)通常の良好な操業状態では、σwとZはほぼ比例しつつ、ある範囲内を経時的に変動する。   (W) In a normal and favorable operating state, σw and Z vary with time within a certain range while being approximately proportional.

(x)焼結原料のAl23量が増加すると、焼結反応で生成する融液の粘性が上昇して局部的に通気性が阻害され、ムラ焼けが助長される。この結果、σwとZの対応関係は、前記の良好な位置から上方に移動して変動するようになる。 (X) When the amount of Al 2 O 3 in the sintering raw material is increased, the viscosity of the melt produced by the sintering reaction is increased, the air permeability is locally inhibited, and uneven burning is promoted. As a result, the correspondence relationship between σw and Z moves upward from the above-mentioned good position and changes.

(y)焼結原料への入熱量が増加すると、赤熱帯の面積比率が増加するので、σwとZの変動は、右方に移動して変動する。入熱量が減少すると、逆に左方へ移動する。   (Y) When the amount of heat input to the sintering raw material increases, the area ratio of the red tropics increases, so fluctuations in σw and Z move to the right and fluctuate. When the heat input decreases, it moves to the left.

(z)増産操業時のように操業度が著しく変化した場合、実操業ではベッド層厚を上げ、投入熱量を上げるので、赤熱帯そのものの厚みも増加し、変動幅も増加する。この変化は、前記正常操業時内の変動と原因を同じくし、それが層厚を上げることにより顕在化した状況であると言える。σwとZの対応関係は、比例関係を保ったまま、右上方向に移動する。   (Z) When the operation rate changes significantly as in the production increase operation, the bed thickness is increased and the input heat amount is increased in the actual operation, so the thickness of the red tropics itself increases and the fluctuation range also increases. It can be said that this change is the same as the cause during the normal operation, and the situation is manifested by increasing the layer thickness. The correspondence between σw and Z moves in the upper right direction while maintaining a proportional relationship.

以上のように、実際に、標準偏差σwと赤熱帯幅Zの比例関係は、所要の幅をもって成立するから、標準偏差σwと赤熱帯幅Zの変動は、良好な状態における変動幅と対比して把握する。ここに、良好な状態における変動幅を一義的に、あるいは事前に決定することは難しい。   As described above, since the proportional relationship between the standard deviation σw and the red tropical zone Z is established with the required width, the fluctuation of the standard deviation σw and the red tropical zone Z is compared with the fluctuation range in a good state. To grasp. Here, it is difficult to determine the fluctuation range in a good state uniquely or in advance.

そこで、本発明の実施に際しては、過去の操業状況を前記視点から解析して良好な変動範囲を予め求めておき、それを基準に、それ以降の操業を監視することになる。具体的方法については、実施例で述べる。   Therefore, in implementing the present invention, the past operation status is analyzed from the above viewpoint to obtain a good fluctuation range in advance, and the subsequent operation is monitored based on the range. Specific methods will be described in Examples.

図5に、上記(x)、(y)、及び、(z)の変動を模式的に示す。図5中の(A)は、上記(x)の変動を示し、図5中の(B)は、上記(y)の変動を示し、図5中の(C)は、上記(z)の変動を示す。   FIG. 5 schematically shows the fluctuations of (x), (y), and (z). (A) in FIG. 5 shows the fluctuation of the above (x), (B) in FIG. 5 shows the fluctuation of (y), and (C) in FIG. Showing fluctuations.

実操業において、標準偏差σwの変動は、上記(x)、(y)、及び、(z)の変動(それぞれ、図5中、(A)、(B)、及び、(C)、参照)が混在したものとなる。   In actual operation, the fluctuation of the standard deviation σw is the fluctuation of the above (x), (y), and (z) (refer to (A), (B), and (C) in FIG. 5 respectively). Will be mixed.

この内、(y)の焼結原料のFeO量の増加により焼結原料への入熱量が増加したことは、ウインドボックスで吸引する熱風の温度でも把握することができる。また、(z)の配合原料の微粉量や造粒時の添加水分量に起因する造粒性の変化は、通気の性指標であるJPU(焼結通気指数)でも検知できる。したがって、検出した標準偏差σwの変動の残りは(x)の寄与と判断することができる。   Of these, the fact that the amount of heat input to the sintered raw material has increased due to the increase in the amount of FeO in the sintered raw material (y) can also be understood from the temperature of the hot air sucked by the wind box. Further, the change in granulation property due to the amount of fine powder of the blended raw material of (z) and the amount of added water at the time of granulation can also be detected by JPU (sintering aeration index) which is an aeration property index. Therefore, the remaining fluctuation of the detected standard deviation σw can be determined as the contribution of (x).

このように、標準偏差σwと赤熱帯幅Zの比例関係を監視することによって、操業変動の原因を、直ちに把握することができる。そして、標準偏差σwの変動の原因を特定できれば、この原因を除去する操業条件の変更を行い、標準偏差σwを元の比例帯域へ戻して、焼結鉱の品質の変動を抑制することができる。   Thus, by monitoring the proportional relationship between the standard deviation σw and the red tropical zone Z, the cause of the operational fluctuation can be immediately grasped. And if the cause of the fluctuation | variation of standard deviation (sigma) w can be specified, the operating condition which removes this cause will be changed, standard deviation (sigma) w will be returned to the original proportional zone, and the fluctuation | variation of the quality of a sintered ore can be suppressed. .

本発明を実施するに当り、操業変動を的確に操業に反映させる点で、赤熱帯は700℃以上の領域とするのが好ましく、850℃以上がより好ましい。1000℃以上の温度とすると、面積率自体が低下し、かえって検出率が低下する。   In practicing the present invention, red tropics are preferably in the region of 700 ° C. or higher, more preferably 850 ° C. or higher, in order to accurately reflect operational fluctuations in the operation. If the temperature is 1000 ° C. or higher, the area ratio itself is lowered, and the detection rate is lowered.

次に、本発明の実施例について説明するが、実施例の条件は、本発明の実施可能性及び効果を確認するために採用した一条件例であり、本発明は、この一条件例に限定されるものではない。本発明は、本発明の要旨を逸脱せず、本発明の目的を達成する限りにおいて、種々の条件を採用し得るものである。   Next, examples of the present invention will be described. The conditions of the examples are one example of conditions adopted for confirming the feasibility and effects of the present invention, and the present invention is limited to this one example of conditions. Is not to be done. The present invention can adopt various conditions as long as the object of the present invention is achieved without departing from the gist of the present invention.

(実施例1)
実機焼結機の排鉱部にCCDカメラを設置し、本発明を実施した例を述べる。20〜40秒毎に、赤熱帯が露出した焼結鉱塊の破断面を撮像した。撮像毎に画像から、撮像画像全体に対する赤熱帯画像の面積比率Z(%)を算出するとともに、撮像画像を、焼結鉱塊の幅方向にn個に区分し、区分画像毎に、区分画像に対する赤熱帯画像の面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)を算出し、上記面積比率Z(%)を基準として、上記面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)の標準偏差σwを算出した。
Example 1
A description will be given of an example in which the present invention is implemented by installing a CCD camera in the exhaust section of the actual sintering machine. Every 20-40 seconds, the fractured surface of the sintered ore where the red tropics were exposed was imaged. The area ratio Z (%) of the red-tropical image with respect to the entire captured image is calculated from the image for each captured image, and the captured image is divided into n pieces in the width direction of the sintered ore. The area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) of the red tropical image with respect to is calculated, and the standard deviation of the area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) based on the area ratio Z (%) σw was calculated.

算出した標準偏差σwの動向を、原料充填層の層厚と標準偏差σwの比例関係が成立する比例領域と対比して経時的に監視した。   The trend of the calculated standard deviation σw was monitored over time in comparison with the proportional region where the proportional relationship between the thickness of the raw material packed bed and the standard deviation σw is established.

まず、2カ月間、Z及びσwの関係を事前に追跡した。図6に、標準偏差σwの動向を監視した例を示す。図6中の黒三角と◇は、その際に得られたデータであり、黒三角が、良好な操業時のものであるのに対して、◇が、操業状況が悪化した状態であると判別した。さらに、黒三角から◇への移行に、原料アルミナ量の上昇の影響が考えられたので、焼結原料のAl23量を低減する措置をとった。 First, the relationship between Z and σw was tracked in advance for two months. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the trend of the standard deviation σw is monitored. The black triangles and ◇ in Fig. 6 are the data obtained at that time, and the black triangles are in good operation, while ◇ is judged to be in a deteriorated operating condition. did. Furthermore, the transition from black triangle to ◇ was considered to be affected by an increase in the amount of raw material alumina, so measures were taken to reduce the amount of Al 2 O 3 in the sintering raw material.

その結果、上記措置以降の標準偏差σwは、◆に推移した。ここぬ、原料アルミナが、本発明の図において、操業点を推移させることを確認できた。   As a result, the standard deviation σw after the above measures changed to ◆. It has been confirmed that the raw material alumina shifts the operating point in the figure of the present invention.

また、◆は、黒三角までは戻っていないが、◆は、生産率で約3t/m2/dであり、黒三角の生産率より高い操業を行っていた。このように、同じ安定操業時でも、黒三角で示される領域は操業度が低く、増産などで操業度が上がってくると、◆で示されるように、低操業時のシンターケーキの赤熱帯の厚みZwとその標準偏差σwの比例関係を示す直線の延長上のラインに沿って変化することを検証できた。 Moreover, ◆ has not returned to the black triangle, but ◆ has a production rate of about 3 t / m 2 / d, which is higher than the production rate of the black triangle. In this way, even in the same stable operation, the area indicated by the black triangle is low in operation, and when the operation increases as production increases, as indicated by ◆, the red tropical of the sinter cake at low operation It was verified that the thickness Zw and the standard deviation σw varied along a straight line indicating the proportional relationship.

(実施例2)
図7に、別の期間の操業例を示す。黒三角印で示す良好な状態に対して、ある日のプロットが、監視図で右方向の●へと変動した。これにより、何らかの原因で熱的に過剰な操業となったと判断し、粉コークス配合量を減じるアクションを採ったところ、黒三角の良好な変動範囲へ戻った。また、別の日のプロットが監視図で左方向の○へと変動した。これにより、何らかの原因で熱的に不足した操業となったと判断し、粉コークス配合量を足すアクションを採った。その結果、黒三角の良好な変動範囲へ戻った。
(Example 2)
FIG. 7 shows an operation example in another period. The plot on a certain day changed to ● in the right direction on the monitoring chart against the good state indicated by the black triangle. As a result, it was judged that the operation was excessively thermal for some reason, and an action to reduce the blended amount of powder coke was taken. In addition, the plot of another day changed to a left circle in the monitoring chart. As a result, it was judged that the operation was thermally insufficient for some reason, and an action to add the amount of powder coke was taken. As a result, it returned to the favorable fluctuation range of the black triangle.

以上のように、日々の熱的な操業管理を、本発明の監視方法により的確に行うことができた。   As described above, daily thermal operation management can be accurately performed by the monitoring method of the present invention.

前述したように、本発明によれば、焼結鉱の品質の経時的変動を抑制して、焼結鉱の歩留り及び生産性の向上を図ることができる。よって、本発明は、鉄鋼産業を支える焼結技術において利用可能性が高いものである。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the temporal variation of the quality of the sintered ore and improve the yield and productivity of the sintered ore. Thus, the present invention has high applicability in the sintering technology that supports the steel industry.

1 焼結原料
1’ 床敷原料
2 サージホッパー
2 床敷ホッパー
3 ドラムフイーダー
4 スプロケット
5 シュート
6 焼結パレット
7 原料充填層
7’ 床敷
8 ウインドボックス
9 メインダクト
10 排ガス集塵機
11 吸引ブロアー
12 煙突
13 点火炉
14 排鉱部
15 焼結鉱塊
16 撮像機器
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sintering raw material 1 'Floor covering raw material 2 Surge hopper 2 Floor covering hopper 3 Drum feeder 4 Sprocket 5 Chute 6 Sintering pallet 7 Raw material filling layer 7' Floor covering 8 Wind box 9 Main duct 10 Exhaust gas dust collector 11 Suction blower 12 Chimney 13 Ignition furnace 14 Exhaust section 15 Sintered ore 16 Imaging equipment

Claims (5)

焼結鉱を連続式焼結機で製造する焼結鉱の製造方法において、
(a)連続焼結機の排鉱部に設置した撮像機器で、赤熱帯が露出した排鉱時のシンターケーキの垂直破断面を定期的に撮像し、
(b)上記撮像毎に、
(b1)撮像画像全体に対する赤熱帯の面積比率Z(%)を算出するとともに、
(b2)撮像画像を、焼結機パレットの幅方向にn個に区分し、区分画像毎に、区分画像に対する赤熱帯の面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)を算出し、
(b3)上記面積比率Z(%)を基準として、上記面積比率Zm(m=1〜n)(%)の標準偏差σwを算出し、
(c)上記標準偏差σwの経時動向を監視する
ことを特徴とする焼結鉱の製造方法。
In the manufacturing method of the sintered ore which manufactures the sintered ore with a continuous sintering machine,
(A) With an imaging device installed in the discharge section of the continuous sintering machine, periodically image the vertical fracture surface of the sinter cake during the discharge, where the red tropics are exposed,
(B) For each imaging,
(B1) While calculating the red-tropical area ratio Z (%) to the entire captured image,
(B2) The captured image is divided into n pieces in the width direction of the sintering machine pallet, and for each of the divided images, the red-tropical area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) with respect to the divided image is calculated.
(B3) A standard deviation σw of the area ratio Zm (m = 1 to n) (%) is calculated based on the area ratio Z (%),
(C) A method for producing a sintered ore characterized by monitoring the time course of the standard deviation σw.
前記監視は、前記面積比率Zと前記標準偏差σwが比例関係を保ちつつ所定の範囲を変動する通常操業域と対比して行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。   2. The method for producing a sintered ore according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring is performed in comparison with a normal operation range in which a predetermined range is changed while the area ratio Z and the standard deviation σw maintain a proportional relationship. . 前記監視中、Zとσwの変動が前記比例帯域から乖離する特異な変動をすれば、該変動の要因を特定し、該要因を除去する操業条件の変更を行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。   3. If the fluctuation of Z and σw is different from the proportional band during the monitoring, the factor of the fluctuation is specified and the operation condition is changed to remove the factor. The manufacturing method of the sintered ore as described in 1 .. 前記赤熱帯は、700℃以上の領域であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。   The method for producing a sintered ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reddish tropical region is a region of 700 ° C or higher. 前記変更の対象となる操業条件が、焼結原料のAl23量、焼結原料のFeO量、及び、粉コークス配合量のいずれか1つ又は2つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。 The operation condition to be changed is any one or two or more of Al 2 O 3 amount of sintered raw material, FeO amount of sintered raw material, and powder coke blending amount. Item 5. The method for producing a sintered ore according to any one of Items 1 to 4.
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