JP2012211747A - Exhaust device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust device in which air in a room can be easily discharged via one exhaust port by preventing the air from coming into an exhaust duct from the other exhaust port and thereby flowing into one exhaust port.SOLUTION: The exhaust device has a first exhaust port 32 and a second exhaust 32 ceiling arranged in a roof, an exhaust passage (exhaust duct 12) communicating the inside of the room and the respective exhaust ports, an opening/closing unit (switching valve unit 51) communicating one of the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port and the inside 7 of the room and blocking the other of the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port and the inside of the room, detector (sensors 52) detecting a pressure around the first and second exhaust ports, and a controller (switching control unit 53) controlling the opening/closing unit so as to communicate one exhaust port in which a surrounding pressure is larger in the negative pressure side of the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port and the inside of the room and block the communication of the other exhaust port and the inside of the room based on the signals from the detecting means.

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust device that discharges air from the interior of a building to the outside of the building through the roof of the building.

  Conventionally, in an exhaust device that exhausts air from the interior of a building to the outside of the building through an exhaust port provided on the roof of the building, a configuration in which an exhaust port is provided on each of a pair of opposite side edges on the roof of the building is known. It has been.

JP 2000-170273 A

In general, negative pressure often acts on the roof surface of a building. The inventor of the present invention, for example, when the wind blows toward one outer wall surface of a building such as a multi-storey apartment building having a rectangular parallelepiped cross section and a vertical cross section, the one outer wall surface side A numerical value indicates that a large negative pressure acts on the roof (roof) portion of the roof, and a smaller negative pressure acts on the other roof portion other than the roof portion on the one outer wall surface side than the roof portion on the one outer wall surface side. This was confirmed by simulation (see FIG. 6).
In addition, in this specification, in the state where the wind is blowing, the state where the pressure of the wind acting on the outer surface of the building such as the outer wall surface of the building or the roof surface is directed in the direction away from the outer surface of the building (The state where the outer surface of the building is pulled outside the building by the wind) is called negative pressure, and the wind pressure acting on the outer surface of the building is facing the outer surface of the building (building by the wind The state where the outer surface of the building is pushed inside the building is called positive pressure.
Here, one exhaust port provided on the roof on the one outer wall surface side of the building and the other exhaust port provided on the roof on the other outer wall surface side of the building, In the case of a configuration in which exhaust is performed through an exhaust path such as an exhaust duct communicating with the exhaust port and the other exhaust port, for example, when the wind is blowing toward one outer wall surface of the building, one outer wall surface Since a larger negative pressure acts on the periphery of one exhaust port provided in the roof portion on the side than the periphery of the other exhaust port, air enters the exhaust duct from the other exhaust port, and the one exhaust port side As a result, the indoor air may not be easily exhausted.
The present invention, for example, allows communication between one exhaust port on the side where the pressure state of the surrounding air is large on the negative pressure side and the room, and blocks communication between the other exhaust port and the room, so that the air is To provide an exhaust device that can prevent indoor air from being easily exhausted through one exhaust port by preventing the air from entering the exhaust duct from the exhaust port and flowing to one exhaust port side. It is.

The exhaust device according to the present invention is an exhaust device that exhausts air from the interior of a building to the outside of the building through an exhaust port provided on the roof of the building, and the first exhaust provided on the first edge side of the roof. The opening, the second exhaust port provided on the second edge side of the roof, the first exhaust path for communicating the room and the first exhaust port, and the room and the second exhaust port. The second exhaust path, one of the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port and the room communicate with each other, and the other of the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port and the room Open / close means for blocking communication, detection means for detecting the pressure around the first exhaust port and the pressure around the second exhaust port, and the first exhaust port based on the signal from the detection means One of the second exhaust ports having a large ambient pressure on the negative pressure side communicates with the room, and the other exhaust port Control means for controlling the opening and closing means to cut off the communication with the inside, it is possible to prevent the air from entering the exhaust path from the other exhaust port and flowing to the one exhaust port side, The air is easily exhausted through one exhaust port having a large ambient pressure on the negative pressure side.
One end of the first exhaust path and one end of the second exhaust path are formed by a common exhaust introduction duct communicating with the room, and the opening / closing means is connected to the first exhaust path and the second exhaust from the exhaust introduction duct. Since it is provided at a portion branched into the road, switching from the room to the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port can be realized by one opening / closing means, and the number of opening / closing means can be minimized.
Each of the first exhaust path and the second exhaust path includes a horizontal exhaust duct portion provided along the ceiling in the ceiling space, and a horizontal exhaust duct portion and an exhaust port provided in the wall of the building. A vertical exhaust duct portion that communicates, and the opening / closing means is provided at a boundary portion between the vertical exhaust duct portion and the horizontal exhaust duct portion, so that the entire horizontal exhaust duct portion can communicate with the exhaust port, Since the air in the exhaust duct can be exhausted reliably, it is possible to prevent the air from stagnating in the side exhaust duct located on the ceiling side of the room, and the air stagnated in the side exhaust duct is Can be prevented from leaking.
Since the detection means is provided in the vicinity of the exhaust port, the pressure around the exhaust port can be detected more accurately, and control is performed to exhaust the indoor air through the exhaust port where the ambient pressure is larger on the negative pressure side. Can be done accurately.
Since the detection means is provided on the outer wall surface, it is possible to perform control for detecting the state of the wind blowing on the outer wall surface and exhausting the indoor air through the exhaust port where the ambient pressure is large on the negative pressure side. .
Since the detection means is provided in each of the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage, the air condition in the exhaust passage is detected and the room air is discharged to the negative pressure side. Control for exhausting through can be performed.
Since the detection means is an anemometer, the pressure around the exhaust port can be detected more accurately, and the control for exhausting the indoor air through the exhaust port where the ambient pressure is larger on the negative pressure side is performed accurately. Can do.

Sectional drawing which showed the air supply / exhaust system of the building (Embodiment 1). The perspective view which shows the exhaust port provided in the roof of a building (Embodiment 1). The top view which looked at the rooftop of the building in which the exhaust port was provided from the top (Embodiment 1). The figure which shows the conditions of numerical simulation (embodiment 1). The figure which shows the result of numerical simulation (embodiment 1). The figure which shows the result of numerical simulation (embodiment 1). Sectional drawing which showed the air supply / exhaust system of the building (Embodiment 4).

Embodiment 1
First, a building air supply / exhaust system employing the exhaust device of Embodiment 1 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a building air supply / exhaust system 1 includes a building 2, an intake device 3, and an exhaust device 4.
The building 2 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped housing having a rectangular cross section and vertical cross section.
For example, the air intake device 3 is provided on the wall 6 of each door 5 of the apartment house and includes an air intake 8 for taking outside air into the room 7, or the air intake device 3 is not shown in the drawings provided at the air intake 8 and the air intake 8. It is the structure provided with intake machines, such as this intake fan, and the control apparatus outside a figure of an intake machine.

  The exhaust device 4 includes, for example, a door-by-door exhaust unit 9 provided at each door, two roof-top exhaust units 11; 11 provided at a roof (roof) 10, and each door-side exhaust unit 9; The one exhaust duct (first exhaust path) 12 that communicates with the roof exhaust part 11 and the other exhaust duct (second exhaust path) that communicates between the individual door exhaust parts 9; ) 12 and an exhaust gas switching device 50.

  The door-by-door exhaust unit 9 includes, for example, an indoor exhaust port 14 provided in the ceiling plate 13 of each door 5, an exhaust machine 15 such as an exhaust fan provided in the indoor exhaust port 14, and a control device (not shown) of the exhaust machine 15. It is the structure provided with. The indoor exhaust port 14 is provided, for example, on a ceiling of a bathroom or a washroom.

The roof exhaust part 11 is provided, for example, on a pair of opposite edges of a rectangular or square shape on the roof 10 of the building 2. For example, one exhaust port 32 (first exhaust port) is provided in one roof exhaust portion 11 provided on one long side edge 21 side (first edge side) on the roof 10 of the building 2, and the building The other exhaust port 32 (second exhaust port) is provided in the other roof exhaust part 11 provided on the other long side edge 22 side (second edge side) of the second roof 10.
As shown in FIG. 2, the roof exhaust portion 11 is formed to communicate with the roof top surface 16 and the inside of the wall 6 of the building 2 in order to communicate the other end opening of the exhaust duct 12 and the roof 10, for example. And a plurality of exhaust passages 17; 17... Opening to the roof top surface 16 and an exhaust collecting space 31 and an exhaust port 32 for collecting air discharged from the roof top opening 18 of the exhaust passage 17 to the roof top 10. And an enclosure 30.
The exhaust passage 17 is formed by a through passage formed in the building frame or the other end of the exhaust duct 12 disposed in the through passage. FIG. 3 shows a layout configuration in which the exhaust of the door 5 is exhausted to the outside of the building through the exhaust path 17, the exhaust collecting space 31 of the enclosure 30 and the exhaust port 32.

As shown in FIG. 2, for example, the enclosure 30 includes an upper plate 30a positioned above each roof top surface opening 18; 18... And one long side edge 21 of the roof 10 in the upper plate 30a (or the other length). A rear plate 30b extending from a rear edge surface facing the front edge surface, which is an edge surface on the side edge 22) side, and connected to the roof surface 16, one side edge surface of the upper plate 30a and one side of the rear plate 30b. One side plate 30c extending from the edge surface and connected to the rooftop surface 16, and the other side plate 30d extending from the other side edge surface of the upper plate 30a and the other side edge surface of the rear plate 30b and connected to the rooftop surface 16 The exhaust port constituting plate 30e and the exhaust port 32 formed in the exhaust port constituting plate 30e are provided.
The upper plate 30a, the rear plate 30b, and the exhaust port constituting plate 30e are formed by long plates in the direction along the long side edge 21 (or the long side edge 22) of the rooftop 10.
The exhaust port constituting plate 30e is formed by a horizontally long wall plate that extends from the front edge surface of the upper plate 30a, the front edge surface of the one side plate 30c, and the front edge surface of the other side plate 30d and is connected to the roof surface 16. .

The exhaust port 32 is formed by, for example, a horizontally long through hole formed so as to extend continuously over the one side plate 30c side and the other side plate 30d side in the exhaust port configuration plate 30e. That is, the exhaust port 32 is formed by an opening penetrating a part of the exhaust port constituting plate 30e, and the front edge surface of the upper plate 30a, the front edge surface of the one side plate 30c, and the front edge of the other side plate 30d. The opening is smaller than the opening surrounded by the surface and the roof surface 16.
And the horizontally long opening edge 33 along the long edge 21 (or long edge 22) in the exhaust port 32 formed by the horizontally long through hole, that is, the upper opening edge 33a and the lower opening edge 33b extending in the horizontal direction. Are formed in parallel straight lines.
The distance between the upper opening edge 33a and the lower opening edge 33b formed so as to be parallel to each other is, for example, about 5 cm to 10 cm.
That is, the rooftop exhaust section 11 includes an exhaust collecting space 31 surrounded by the inner surface of the enclosure 30 and the rooftop surface 16, and the exhaust from the room 7 is enclosed via the exhaust duct 12, the exhaust passage 17, and the rooftop opening 18. After collecting in the exhaust collecting space 31, the exhaust is configured to be exhausted to the outside of the enclosure 30 through the exhaust port 32 formed in the exhaust port constituting plate 30 e.

The exhaust duct 12 is, for example, branched at one end side and connected to the indoor exhaust ports 14; 14... Of each floor of a plurality of floors, and branched at the other end side and provided on the roof surface 16. It is formed by a collective exhaust duct configured to communicate with the rooftop exhaust section 11.
In the first embodiment, one end of one exhaust duct 12 (first exhaust passage) that communicates the room 7 with one exhaust port 32 and the other exhaust duct 12 that communicates the room 7 with the other exhaust port 32. One end of the (second exhaust passage) is formed by a common exhaust introduction duct 12 c communicating with the room 7, and one end of the exhaust introduction duct 12 c is formed at the indoor exhaust port 14 communicating with the room 7.
That is, one exhaust duct 12 and the other exhaust duct 12 are respectively connected to an exhaust introduction duct 12c having an indoor exhaust port 14 communicating with the room 7 at one end, and one end communicating with the other end of the exhaust introduction duct 12c. A horizontal exhaust duct portion 12b provided along the ceiling in the back space of the ceiling, and one end communicated with the other end of the horizontal exhaust duct portion 12b provided in the building 2 and the other end communicated with the exhaust port 32 to be horizontal. A vertical exhaust duct portion 12a that connects the exhaust duct portion 12b and the exhaust port 32 is provided.

The exhaust gas switching device 50 includes a switching valve device 51 as an opening / closing means, a sensor 52 as a detection means, and a switching control device 53 as a control means.
The switching valve device 51 is provided, for example, at a portion that branches from the common exhaust introduction duct 12 c to one exhaust duct 12 and the other exhaust duct 12. The switching valve device 51 includes a valve that operates according to a control signal from the switching control device 53, and the communication between the indoor 7 and the one exhaust port 32 is blocked by the valve, or the indoor 7 and the other exhaust port 32 are blocked. By blocking the communication with one of the exhaust ports 32 and the other exhaust port 32, the communication with the room 7 is established, and the other of the one exhaust port 32 and the other exhaust port 32 is communicated with the room 7 with the other. It is a device that cuts off the communication with.
The sensor 52 is a sensor for detecting the pressure around the one exhaust port 32 and the pressure around the other exhaust port 32. For example, one anemometer 52a provided near the one exhaust port 32, and The other anemometer 52b provided in the vicinity of the other exhaust port 32.
Based on the signal from the sensor 52, the switching control device 53 communicates, for example, one of the exhaust ports 32 and the other exhaust port 32 with one of the exhaust ports 32 having a large negative pressure side and the room 7, and the like. By controlling the switching valve device 51 so as to cut off the communication between the other exhaust port 32 and the room 7, the air enters the exhaust duct 12 from the other exhaust port 32 and flows to the one exhaust port 32 side. The air in the room 7 is easily exhausted through the one exhaust port 32 whose ambient pressure is larger on the negative pressure side.

  According to the air supply / exhaust system 1 described above, air is introduced into the room 7 from the outside of the building 2 through the air intake 8, and the exhaust machine 15 is driven so that the air in the room 7 is discharged into the exhaust duct 12 and the roof exhaust unit. 11 and discharged to the outside of the building 2.

In addition, the inventors determined by numerical simulation how the pressure distribution on the rooftop 10 would be when wind pressure acts on the outer wall surface 35 of the building 2.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the numerical simulation, the wind is directed from the direction orthogonal to one outer wall surface 35 </ b> A of the rectangular parallelepiped building 2 having a rectangular cross section and a longitudinal section toward one outer wall surface 35 </ b> A of the building 2. Assuming the case of blowing (when the wind blows at 0 ° as shown by the white arrow in FIG. 4 (when the wind blows from bottom to top on the paper surface of FIG. 4)), the building 2 The pressure distribution around the center of the building 2 is analyzed, and the wind is directed toward the center 2C of the building 2 from the position rotated 45 ° clockwise from the position of the wind direction 0 ° around the center 2C of the building 2 on the paper surface of FIG. The pressure distribution around the building 2 was analyzed on the assumption that it was blown (when the wind was blown at a wind direction of 45 ° as shown by the white arrow in FIG. 4).
In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the numerical simulation was performed supposing the building 2 in which the long side edge 21 and the long side edge 22 of the rectangle on the rooftop 10 were comprised by the long side of the eaves 23. FIG.

FIG. 5A shows the pressure distribution around the building 2 in the height direction of the building 2 at the center portion X (see FIG. 4) in the width direction of the building when it is assumed that the wind is blown at the wind direction of 0 °. It is a figure which shows the result of having analyzed.
FIG.5 (b) shows the result of having analyzed the pressure distribution around the building 2 in the height direction of the building 2 in the center part X of the building width direction when it is assumed that the wind blew at the said wind direction of 45 degrees. FIG.
FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a result of analyzing the pressure distribution around the building 2 at a position 500 mm above the roof surface 16 when it is assumed that the wind is blown at the wind direction of 0 °.
FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a result of analyzing the pressure distribution around the building 2 at a position 500 mm above the roof surface 16 when it is assumed that the wind blows at the wind direction of 45 °.
Further, in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the numbers given to the isobaric lines 40 are pressure coefficients, and one interval of the isobaric lines 40 is a pressure coefficient 0.1 interval. The pressure coefficient Cp is a value (Cp = p / q _H ) obtained by dividing the pressure p acting on the outer surface of the building 2 by the blowing of wind by the velocity pressure q _H at the building top height H.

FIG. 5; FIG. 6 shows that the roof 10 of the building 2 has a negative pressure when it is assumed that the wind blows toward the outer wall surface 35 of the building 2.
When it is assumed that the wind blows at the wind direction of 0 °, as shown in FIG. 6A, the negative pressure isobar 40 acting on the rooftop 10 is above the rooftop surface 16 and parallel to the rooftop surface 16. It turned out that it becomes a curve line along one long side edge (edge) 21 of the roof surface 16 located on the upper end part of said one outer wall surface 35A on the surface. That is, it was found that the negative pressure isobaric line 40 at the center side portion of one long edge 21 of the rooftop 10 becomes a curved line that curves so as to protrude toward the center 2C side of the building 2 (see FIG. 4). .
Further, even when it is assumed that the wind is blown at the wind direction of 45 °, the negative pressure isobaric line 40 acting on the rooftop 10 is above the rooftop surface 16 and parallel to the rooftop surface 16 as shown in FIG. A curved line along one long side edge (edge) 21 of the roof top surface 16 located at the upper end of the one outer wall surface 35A on a flat surface (at the center side portion of one long side edge 21 of the roof 10) The negative pressure isobaric line 40 is curved so that it protrudes toward the center 2C of the building 2), and the upper end of the outer wall 35B (see FIG. 4) adjacent to the one outer wall 35A of the building 2 at a right angle It turned out that it becomes a curved line along the edge (curved line that curves so that the negative pressure isobaric line 40 at the center of the upper edge of the outer wall surface 35B protrudes toward the center 2C side of the building 2).
Furthermore, when it is assumed that the wind is blown at the wind direction of 0 °, as shown in FIG. 5A, the negative pressure isobaric line 40 acting on the rooftop 10 is the above-mentioned one on the surface orthogonal to the rooftop 16. It turned out that it becomes a curve line which moves upward from one long side edge 21 of the rooftop 10 located at the upper end of the outer wall surface 35A and reaches the rooftop surface 16.
Further, when it is assumed that the wind blows at the wind direction of 45 °, the negative pressure isobaric line 40 acting on the rooftop 10 is also on the surface perpendicular to the rooftop surface 16 as shown in FIG. When assuming a curved line that moves upward from one long edge 21 of the rooftop 10 located at the upper end of the outer wall surface 35A and reaches the rooftop 16, and that the wind blows at the above wind direction of 0 ° It was found that the value of the negative pressure value was smaller than that of and the interval between the negative pressure isobaric lines 40 was increased.

FIG. 5; FIG. 6 shows that, for example, when wind blows toward one outer wall surface 35A of the building 2, a large negative pressure acts on the roof portion on the one outer wall surface 35A side. It is that only a negative pressure smaller than the roof portion on the one outer wall surface side acts on the other roof portion other than the roof portion on the 35A side.
Therefore, in the first embodiment, when a wind blows toward the outer wall surface 35 of the building 2, in consideration of a large negative pressure acting on the roof portion on the outer wall surface 35 side, the exhaust gas switching device 50 is provided, and switching control is performed. The device 53 inputs the wind pressure value from one anemometer 52a provided in the vicinity of one exhaust port 32 and the other anemometer 52b provided in the vicinity of the other exhaust port 32, and the one having the larger wind pressure value is input. By controlling the switching valve device 51 so as to block communication between the exhaust port 32 and the room 7 and to communicate with the exhaust port 32 having the smaller wind pressure value and the room 7, the air has a larger wind pressure value. It is possible to prevent the air from entering the exhaust duct 12 from the exhaust port 32 and flowing toward the exhaust port 32 having the smaller wind pressure value, and the air in the room 7 has a larger ambient pressure on the negative pressure side. Exhaust through the smaller exhaust port 32) It was made to be more likely to be.

According to the exhaust device 4 of the first embodiment, by providing the exhaust switching device 50, for example, when wind is blowing toward one outer wall surface 35A of the building 2, the exhaust port having the larger wind pressure value. The communication between the exhaust port 32 having a smaller wind pressure value and the exhaust port 32 having a smaller wind pressure value is blocked, and the exhaust port 32 having the smaller wind pressure value provided on the roof 10 on the one outer wall surface 35A side is communicated with the room 7. Thus, the movement of air from the exhaust port 32 having the larger wind pressure value to the exhaust port 32 having the smaller wind pressure value can be prevented, and the air in the room 7 is exhausted through the exhaust port 32 having the smaller wind pressure value. It becomes easy.
In addition, in the configuration in which one exhaust port 32 and the other exhaust port 32 are connected to the indoor exhaust ports 14; 14... If not provided, for example, the air flowing from the other exhaust port 32 moves to one exhaust port 32 where the ambient pressure is large on the negative pressure side (air flows from the other exhaust port 32 side to the one exhaust port 32 side). Therefore, it is difficult for the air from the room 7 on the lower floor to move to the one exhaust port 32 and the air from the room 7 on the lower floor is difficult to be exhausted. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, since the exhaust gas switching device 50 is provided, the movement of air from the other exhaust port 32 side to the one exhaust port 32 side is blocked, and the air from the indoor 7 on the lower floor is blocked. It becomes easy to exhaust through one exhaust port 32.
Further, since the switching valve device 51 is provided at a portion that branches from the common exhaust introduction duct 12 c to the one exhaust duct 12 and the other exhaust duct 12, the switching valve device 51 is connected to the one exhaust port 32 and the other exhaust port 32 from the room 7. Switching can be realized by one switching valve device 51, and the number of switching valve devices 51 can be minimized.
Further, since the anemometer is provided in the vicinity of the exhaust port 32, the pressure around the exhaust port 32 can be detected more accurately, and the air in the room 7 is exhausted through the exhaust port 32 where the ambient pressure is larger on the negative pressure side. Can be accurately controlled.
Since the anemometer is used as the sensor 52, the pressure around the exhaust port 32 can be detected more accurately, and the control for exhausting the air in the room 7 through the exhaust port 32 where the ambient pressure is large on the negative pressure side is accurate. Can be done.
Moreover, since the exhaust port 32 is formed in the surface 34 (refer FIG. 2) located in the edge side of the roof 10 in the enclosure 30, the exhaust port 32 is provided so that it may face the outer side of the building 2, and the roof 10 Since the negative pressure increases as it is closer to the edge, the air can be efficiently exhausted toward the outside of the building 2.
In addition, since the pair of enclosures 30 are provided along each of the pair of long side edges on the roof, the horizontal length of the exhaust port 32 can be increased, and to which of the long side edges is directed. Even when the wind blows, the air can be efficiently exhausted toward the outside of the building 2.
In the first embodiment, an anemometer may be used as the sensor 52. FIG. 5; FIG. 6 shows that where the isobaric line 40 is dense, it can be considered that the wind speed value is large and the negative pressure is present. In this case, the switching control device 53 is provided in the vicinity of one exhaust port 32. Input the wind speed value from the other anemometer provided in the vicinity of the other anemometer and the other exhaust port 32 to block the communication between the exhaust port 32 having the smaller wind speed value and the room 7; The switching valve device 51 may be controlled so as to communicate with the exhaust port 32 having the larger wind speed value and the room 7.

Embodiment 2
In the first embodiment, the anemometer 52a; 52b as the sensor 52 is installed in the vicinity of the exhaust port 32. However, one outer wall surface 35A on the edge side of the rooftop 10 where the rooftop exhaust portion 11 is provided and the other outer wall surface. A wind pressure gauge may be installed in each of 35C. In this case, the switching control device 53 inputs the wind pressure value from one wind pressure gauge 52a provided on one outer wall surface 35A and the other wind pressure gauge 52b provided on the other outer wall surface 35C, and the wind pressure value is smaller. The communication between the exhaust port 32 provided in the roof portion on the outer wall surface side and the room 7 is blocked, and the exhaust port 32 provided in the roof portion on the outer wall surface side having the larger wind pressure value and the room 7. By controlling the switching valve device 51 so as to communicate with the air, the air in the room 7 can be exhausted through the exhaust port 32 where the ambient pressure is larger on the negative pressure side. That is, in Embodiment 2, since the wind pressure value of the anemometer provided on the outer wall surface is large, it can be estimated that a large negative pressure is acting on the roof portion on the outer wall surface side. The exhaust gas is exhausted through the exhaust port 32 provided.
According to the second embodiment, since the wind pressure gauges are provided on the outer wall surfaces 35A and 35C, respectively, the wind pressure value applied to the outer wall surface is detected, and the air in the room 7 is passed through the exhaust port 32 where the ambient pressure is large on the negative pressure side. Control for exhausting can be performed.
In the second embodiment, an anemometer may be used as the sensor 52. 5; from FIG. 6, it can be considered that the windward side has a negative pressure. In this case, the switching control device 53 inputs a value from one anemometer provided on one outer wall surface 35. Then, it is determined whether the exhaust port 32 is located on the leeward side or on the leeward side, the communication between the exhaust port 32 located on the leeward side and the room 7 is blocked, and the exhaust port 32 located on the upwind side. The switching valve device 51 may be controlled so as to communicate with the room 7.

Embodiment 3
A wind pressure gauge may be provided in each of the exhaust duct 12 and the other exhaust duct 12. In this case, the switching control device 53 inputs the wind pressure value from one anemometer 52a provided in one exhaust duct 12 and the other anemometer 52b provided in the other exhaust duct 12, and An exhaust port on the exhaust duct 12 side where the exhaust port 32 on the side of the exhaust duct 12 provided with the smaller wind pressure gauge is disconnected from the room 7 and the wind pressure meter on the larger side of the wind pressure value is provided. By controlling the switching valve device 51 so as to allow communication between the chamber 32 and the room 7, the air in the room 7 can be exhausted through the exhaust port 32 where the ambient pressure is large on the negative pressure side. That is, in the third embodiment, it can be estimated that a negative pressure is acting on the roof portion on the exhaust end side of the exhaust duct 12 because the wind pressure value of the anemometer provided in the exhaust duct 12 is large. The exhaust air is intensively exhausted through the exhaust port 32 provided in the roof portion.
A dummy exhaust duct that bypasses the exhaust duct 12 may be provided, and an anemometer may be provided in the dummy exhaust duct.
According to the third embodiment, since the wind pressure gauges are provided in one exhaust duct 12 and the other exhaust duct 12 or in dummy exhaust ducts that bypass them, the wind pressure value in the exhaust duct is detected. Thus, it is possible to perform control for exhausting the air in the room 7 through the exhaust port 32 where the ambient pressure is larger on the negative pressure side.
In the third embodiment, an anemometer may be used as the sensor 52. In this case, the switching control device 53 has one anemometer provided in one exhaust duct (dummy exhaust duct) 12 and the other anemometer provided in the other exhaust duct (dummy exhaust duct) 12. The air velocity value from the air duct is input, the communication between the exhaust port on the exhaust duct 12 side where the anemometer with the smaller wind velocity value is provided and the room is blocked, and the anemometer with the larger wind velocity value is provided. The switching valve device 51 may be controlled so that the exhaust port 32 on the exhaust duct 12 side and the room 7 communicate with each other. That is, when the pressure around the exhaust port 32 is large on the negative pressure side, the flow of air in the exhaust duct 12 is considered to increase from the indoor 7 side toward the exhaust port 32. Therefore, by measuring the wind speed value, The exhaust port 32 having a large pressure on the negative pressure side can be specified.

According to the first to third embodiments, the switching control device 53 detects the state of the wind in the vicinity of the exhaust port, the state of the wind blowing on the outer wall surface, and the state of the wind in the exhaust duct, and the surrounding pressure is on the negative pressure side. Therefore, it is possible to accurately perform control for exhausting the air in the room 7 through the exhaust port 32 whose ambient pressure is larger on the negative pressure side.
In addition, it is good also as a structure which provides an anemometer only in either one outer wall surface 35A or the other outer wall surface 35C.

Embodiment 4
As shown in FIG. 7, as the opening / closing means, the boundary portion between the vertical exhaust duct portion 12a and the horizontal exhaust duct portion 12b of one exhaust duct 12, and the vertical exhaust duct portion 12a and the horizontal exhaust duct of the other exhaust duct 12 are provided. An on-off valve device 51A may be provided at each boundary portion with the portion 12b.
In this case, the entire lateral exhaust duct portion 12b can be communicated with the exhaust port 32, and the air in the lateral exhaust duct portion 12b can be reliably exhausted, so that the lateral exhaust duct portion 12b located on the ceiling side of the room 7 can be It is possible to prevent the air from stagnating inside, and it is possible to prevent the air stagnating in the horizontal exhaust duct portion 12 b from leaking into the room 7.

Embodiment 5
An opening / closing valve as an opening / closing means for opening / closing the exhaust port may be provided in each of the one exhaust port 32 and the other exhaust port 32.

Further, the exhaust ports 32 formed by the horizontally long through holes may be provided on the surface 34 of the exhaust port constituting plate 30 e of the enclosure 30 so as to be arranged in a row or in the vertical direction of the surface 34.
Further, the exhaust port 32 may be formed by a vertically long through hole or a through hole extending in an oblique direction with respect to the roof surface 16.
Moreover, the enclosure 30 is good also as a structure provided with the exhaust port structure board 30e like a louver door provided so that the several through-hole which forms the exhaust port 32 in an up-down direction may be located in a line.

  In the above, the example in which the exhaust port 32 is formed on the surface 34 of the exhaust port component plate 30e located on the one edge side of the roof in the enclosure has been shown, but the exhaust port 32 includes the exhaust port component plate 30e of the enclosure 30, the rear What is necessary is just to be formed in any one of the board 30b and the upper board 30a.

Note that the roof exhaust unit 11 may be provided on each of the three edge sides of the roof 10 of the building 2 or may be provided on each of the four edges of the roof 10 of the building 2. In this way, efficient exhaust is performed through the exhaust port 32 of the roof exhaust part 11 regardless of the direction from which the wind blows.
In this case, for example, the communication between the exhaust port other than the exhaust port 32 of the roof exhaust part 11 provided in the roof portion where the greatest negative pressure is applied and the room is blocked, and the greatest negative pressure is applied. What is necessary is just to set it as the structure which exhausts intensively through the exhaust port 32 of the roof exhaust part 11 provided in the roof part currently provided.

  Further, the control means may control the opening / closing means by inputting the output from the sensor in real time and performing the control in real time, or the control means reads the output from the sensor at a predetermined time interval for a predetermined time. Control may be performed at intervals.

2 building, 4 exhaust system, 7 indoors, 10 rooftop (roof),
12 one exhaust duct (first exhaust passage), 12 other exhaust duct (second exhaust passage), 12a vertical exhaust duct portion, 12b lateral exhaust duct portion, 12c exhaust introduction duct,
21 one long edge (first edge), 22 the other long edge (second edge),
32 one exhaust port (first exhaust port), 32 the other exhaust port (second exhaust port),
35A One outer wall surface, 35C The other outer wall surface, 50 Exhaust gas switching device,
51 switching valve device (opening / closing means), 51A opening / closing valve device (opening / closing means),
52 sensor (detection means), 52a; 52b anemometer (detection means),
53 Switching control device (control means).

Claims (7)

In an exhaust device that exhausts air from the interior of the building to the outside of the building through an exhaust port provided on the roof of the building,
A first exhaust port provided on the first edge side of the roof, a second exhaust port provided on the second edge side of the roof, and a first exhaust port that communicates the interior of the room with the first exhaust port. One of the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port communicates with the room and the second exhaust channel, the second exhaust channel communicating the room with the second exhaust port, and the first exhaust port. Opening / closing means for blocking communication between the other of the opening and the second exhaust port and the room, and detection means for detecting the pressure around the first exhaust port and the pressure around the second exhaust port Based on the signal from the detection means, the first exhaust port or the second exhaust port communicates with one of the exhaust ports whose ambient pressure is larger on the negative pressure side and the room, and the other exhaust port and the room. An exhaust apparatus comprising: control means for controlling the opening / closing means so as to cut off the communication. One end of the first exhaust passage and one end of the second exhaust passage are formed by a common exhaust introduction duct communicating with the room,
2. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing means is provided at a portion branched from the exhaust introduction duct to the first exhaust path and the second exhaust path. Each of the first exhaust path and the second exhaust path includes a horizontal exhaust duct portion provided along the ceiling in the ceiling space, and a horizontal exhaust duct portion and an exhaust port provided in the wall of the building. With a vertical exhaust duct portion that communicates,
2. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing means is provided at a boundary portion between the vertical exhaust duct portion and the horizontal exhaust duct portion.   The exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the detection means is provided in the vicinity of the exhaust port.   The exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the detection means is provided on an outer wall surface.   The exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the detection means is provided in each of the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage.   The exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the detection means is an anemometer.

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