JP2012186932A - High speed rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high speed rotary machine that effectively reduces a windage loss.SOLUTION: A high speed rotary machine 1 includes a rotor 2 capable of high speed rotation, and a housing 3 retaining and journaling the rotor 2 therein. The housing 3 includes a storage chamber 31 storing the rotor 2, air chambers 32 in communication with the storage chamber 31, and communication portions 33 connecting the storage chamber 31 to the air chambers 32. Inner wall surfaces of the storage chamber 31 face surfaces of the rotor 2 and have clearances to the surfaces. The communication portions 33 open to the storage chamber 31 at a portion radially spaced at least by a half of a radius r from a rotation axis A of the rotor 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-speed rotating machine including a rotor that rotates at a high speed and a housing that supports the shaft while supporting the rotor.

For example, as a motor mounted on an optical deflector in a laser printer, there is a motor including a rotor that includes a rotor magnet and rotates at a high speed, and a stator that is disposed to face the rotor magnet with a predetermined gap therebetween ( Patent Document 1).
In such a motor, since the rotor rotates at a high speed, resistance due to air friction generated between the rotor and the stator increases, and mechanical loss becomes a problem. The cause of this mechanical loss (windage loss) was thought to be that the air between the rotor and the stator was agitated and turbulent with the rotation of the rotor, resulting in air resistance. Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes reducing the windage loss by reducing the gap between the rotor and the stator to reduce the turbulent air flow that causes frictional resistance.

JP 2005-237158 A

However, the windage loss due to a gas such as air is generally caused by various parameters shown below, and may not be reduced simply by reducing the gap between the rotor and the stator. In other words, the windage loss F acting on the rotor rotating at high speed is expressed as follows: the density of gas around the rotor is ρ, the rotational angular velocity of the rotor is ω, the radius of the rotor is r, the gap between the housing and the rotor and the Reynolds number (= r ^2). k / ρ · ω ³ · r ⁴ · (2r + 5L) where k is a proportionality constant determined by ω / ν: ν = kinematic viscosity of gas around the rotor) and L is the length in the rotation axis direction of the rotor ( Reference: Takefumi Ikui, “Centrifuge axial blower and compressor”, Asakura Shoten, 1960).

  Regarding the relationship between the proportionality constant k and the gap, the proportionality constant k does not become smaller or larger if the gap is simply reduced. In other words, the optimum value of the gap varies depending on other conditions. If the gap is too large, the proportional constant k increases due to turbulence, and if the gap is too small, the proportionality constant increases due to gas viscosity. k increases. Therefore, simply reducing the gap does not reduce windage loss in a high-speed rotating machine. In addition, it is difficult to expect a large windage loss reduction effect only by adjusting the gap (Reference: “Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik Volume 17, Issue 6, 1937, p.356-358, Ueber die Fluessigkeitsreibung umlaufender Scheiben, Zylinder und Zellenkoerper "(Japanese name" Applied Mathematics and Applied Mechanics Vol.17, No.6, 1937, p.356-358, Flow friction of rotating disks, cylinders, and cell structures ").

Further, for example, a motor with a large rotor radius r such as a motor in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, a flywheel in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a kinetic energy recovery system (KERS), or the like has a windage loss (F = k · ρ · ω ³ · r ⁴ · (2r + 5L)) becomes extremely large. For example, the windage loss is several hundred thousand times that of the polygon mirror of the printer disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  Furthermore, the gas facing the rotor surface rotates with the rotor due to its viscosity. This rotating gas moves toward the outside in the radial direction of the rotor by centrifugal force. For this reason, the density of the gas increases particularly toward the outer peripheral side of the rotor. And since the speed is faster as the outer peripheral side portion of the rotor, the resistance due to the friction with the gas having high density is synergistically increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed rotating machine capable of effectively reducing windage loss.

The present invention is a high-speed rotating machine comprising a rotor that rotates at a high speed, and a housing that supports the shaft while supporting the rotor.
The housing includes a storage chamber that stores and arranges the rotor, a gas collection chamber that communicates with the storage chamber, and a communication portion that connects the storage chamber and the gas collection chamber.
The inner wall surface of the storage chamber is opposed to the surface of the rotor and has a clearance with the surface.
The communication portion is in a high-speed rotating machine characterized in that it opens to the storage chamber at a portion that is separated from the rotating shaft of the rotor in the radial direction by a half or more of the radius.

  In the high-speed rotating machine, the housing has the air collecting chamber communicated with the housing chamber. And the said communication part is opening with respect to the storage chamber in the part away from the rotating shaft of the said rotor in the radial direction more than half the radius. As a result, when the rotor rotates at high speed and the gas in the storage chamber moves toward the outer peripheral side of the rotor, the gas is collected into the air collecting chamber through the communication portion. Therefore, the density of the gas in the air collecting chamber is increased, and the density of the gas in the storage chamber is decreased accordingly. As a result, the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine can be reduced.

  In particular, since the communication portion is open to the storage chamber at a portion where the communication portion is separated from the rotating shaft of the rotor in the radial direction by more than half of the radius, the gas density at the outer peripheral portion of the rotor and the portion close thereto is increased. Can be prevented. As a result, the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine can be effectively reduced.

  Further, since the air collection chamber is formed as a separate space from the storage chamber, the inner wall surface of the storage chamber and the surface of the rotor can be made to face each other with a sufficiently small clearance between them. it can. As a result, gas turbulence can be prevented from occurring on the surface of the rotor, and windage loss can be suppressed.

  As described above, according to the present invention, a high-speed rotating machine capable of effectively reducing windage loss can be provided.

Sectional drawing of the high-speed rotary machine by the plane containing a rotating shaft in Example 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 1. The CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. Explanatory drawing of the flow of the gas to the air collection chamber in Example 1. FIG. Sectional drawing by the plane containing the (A) rotating shaft of the high-speed rotary machine in Example 2, (B) DD sectional view taken on the line of (A). Explanatory drawing of the flow of the gas to the air collection chamber in Example 2. FIG. Sectional drawing by the plane containing the (A) rotating shaft of the high-speed rotary machine in Example 3, (B) Sectional view taken on line EE of (A). Sectional drawing by the plane containing the (A) rotating shaft of the high-speed rotary machine in Example 4, (B) Sectional view taken along the FF line of (A). Sectional drawing by the plane containing the (A) rotating shaft of the high-speed rotary machine in Example 5, (B) Sectional view taken on line GG of (A). Sectional drawing by the plane containing the (A) rotating shaft of the other high-speed rotary machine in Example 5, (B) Sectional view taken along the HH line of (A). (A) Sectional drawing by the plane containing the rotating shaft of the further another high-speed rotary machine in Example 5, (B) Sectional view taken along the II line | wire of (A). Sectional drawing of the high speed rotary machine which connected the exhaust apparatus in Example 6. FIG. Sectional drawing of the other high-speed rotary machine which connected the exhaust apparatus in Example 6. FIG. Sectional drawing by the plane containing the (A) rotating shaft of the high-speed rotary machine in Example 7, (B) Sectional view taken on line JJ of (A). Sectional drawing of the high speed rotary machine which made the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface of a rotor in Example 8 substantially semicircle shape. Sectional drawing of the high-speed rotary machine which made the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface of a rotor in Example 8 the shape comprised by a pair of hypotenuse. Sectional drawing of the high-speed rotary machine in which the rotor in Example 8 has a flat surface only in the one side of a rotating shaft direction. Sectional drawing of the high-speed rotary machine which made the cross-sectional shape of the rotor by the plane containing a rotating shaft in Example 8 substantially rhombus shape. In Example 8, sectional drawing of the high-speed rotary machine which formed the recessed part partially in the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. Sectional drawing of the high-speed rotary machine in which the cross section formed the sawtooth-shaped uneven surface in the outer peripheral surface of the rotor in Example 8. FIG. Sectional drawing of the high-speed rotary machine which made the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface of a rotor the hexagon in Example 8. FIG. FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine according to a ninth embodiment. In Example 10, it is a fragmentary sectional view of the kinetic energy recovery system. Sectional drawing by the plane containing the (A) rotating shaft of a high-speed rotary machine in a comparative example, (B) Sectional view taken on line KK of (A).

It is preferable that the rotor has a three-dimensional shape that is substantially circular when viewed from the rotation axis direction. The shape of the rotor is, in particular, a rotating body geometrically defined as “a solid figure obtained by rotating a plane figure around a straight line (rotation axis) located in the same plane”, or a shape equivalent to this. Although it is preferable, it is not limited to this.
Further, the radius of the rotor refers to the distance from the rotation axis of the rotor to the most distant portion in the radial direction.

Moreover, as said gas, although air is mentioned, for example, it is not restricted to this.
The volume of the air collection chamber is preferably smaller than the volume of the storage chamber, for example, and larger than 1/100 of the volume obtained by subtracting the volume of the rotor from the volume of the storage chamber. In this case, the density of the gas in the storage chamber can be sufficiently reduced while suppressing an increase in the size of the housing.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said communication part is opening with respect to the said storage chamber in the part away from the rotating shaft of the said rotor more than a radius to radial direction. In this case, the gas in the accommodation chamber can be more efficiently guided from the communication portion to the air collection chamber, and the gas density at the outer peripheral portion of the rotor and the portion close thereto can be prevented from increasing. As a result, the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine can be reduced more effectively.

  Further, the rotor includes a flat surface orthogonal to the rotation axis at at least one end in the rotation axis direction, and the communication portion is provided in the storage chamber in at least a part of a portion extending the flat surface radially outward. It is preferable that it is opened (Claim 3). In this case, the gas in the accommodation chamber can be more efficiently guided from the communication portion to the air collection chamber. That is, the gas in the accommodation chamber rotates with the rotor even in the portion facing the flat surface due to its viscosity. And this rotating gas is guide | induced to the outer peripheral side of a rotor by centrifugal force. Therefore, since the gas is easily guided in a direction in which the flat surface is extended outward in the radial direction, the gas can be more efficiently collected in the air collecting chamber by opening the communication portion in the portion.

  In addition, the air collecting chamber and the communication portion are formed over the entire circumference of the flat surface on the radially outer side, and the communication portion opens to the storage chamber over the entire circumference of the flat surface on the radial direction outer side. (Claim 4). In this case, the density of the gas in the accommodation chamber can be reduced uniformly, and the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine can be reduced more effectively.

  In addition, the rotor has a substantially cylindrical shape having a pair of flat surfaces at both ends in the rotation axis direction, and at least a part of the pair of flat surfaces extending radially outward, It is preferable that the communication part is open to the storage chamber. In this case, the gas in the accommodation chamber rotates together with the rotor at the portions facing the pair of flat surfaces. Therefore, the amount of gas guided to the outer peripheral side of the rotor by the centrifugal force can be effectively increased, and the gas can be more efficiently guided to the air collecting chamber.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a pair of the air collecting chambers is formed corresponding to the pair of communicating portions. In this case, the gas can be sufficiently discharged from the storage chamber at each of the pair of communication portions.

  The pair of communication portions may communicate with one of the air collecting chambers (Claim 7). In this case, the housing can be easily reduced in size.

  The rotor includes a pair of flat surfaces having different radii at both ends in the direction of the rotation axis, and the cross-sectional shape of the plane including the rotation axis is substantially trapezoidal, It is preferable that the communication portion is open to the accommodation chamber in at least a part of a portion obtained by extending a large-diameter flat surface having a large radius to the outside in the radial direction. In this case, the gas facing the large-diameter flat surface having a large area can be efficiently guided to the air collecting chamber. Therefore, the density of the gas in the storage chamber can be reduced efficiently.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said air collection chamber is connected to the exhaust apparatus which exhausts gas from this air collection chamber (Claim 9). In this case, since the gas collected in the air collecting chamber can be discharged to the outside, the gas in the housing chamber can be more easily guided to the air collecting chamber. As a result, the gas density in the accommodation chamber can be further reduced, and the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine can be further reduced.
As the exhaust device, for example, an intake portion (an intake manifold or the like) of an automobile engine, a vacuum booster, or the like can be used.

The storage chamber, the air collection chamber, and the communication portion are sealed spaces isolated from the outside, and the sealed spaces are filled with a gas having a lower density than air at the same pressure and the same temperature. (Claim 10). In this case, since the windage (F = k · ρ · ω 3 · r 4 · (2r + 5L)) ρ of the constituent factor is reduced, the windage loss is reduced.
For example, helium, hydrogen, or the like can be used as the “gas having a lower density than air at the same pressure and the same temperature”.

  Further, it is preferable that a check valve for preventing a backflow of gas from the air collecting chamber to the housing chamber is disposed in the communication portion. In this case, it is possible to prevent the high-pressure gas collected in the air collection chamber from flowing back to the storage chamber, and to efficiently reduce the gas density in the storage chamber.

  The rotor may be a rotor of a rotating electrical machine (claim 12). In this case, the windage loss of the rotating electrical machine can be reduced. The rotating electrical machine can be a rotating electrical machine for driving a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. In this case, since the radius of the rotor is large and the rotation speed of the rotor is large, the windage loss tends to increase. By applying the present invention, the effect of reducing the windage loss can be sufficiently obtained.

  The rotor may be a flywheel. In this case, the windage loss of the flywheel can be reduced. In addition, since the flywheel has a large radius and a high rotation speed, the windage loss is likely to increase. By applying the present invention, the effect of reducing the windage loss can be sufficiently obtained. In addition, as said flywheel, it shall be used for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), a kinetic energy recovery system (KERS), etc., for example.

Example 1
A high-speed rotating machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the high-speed rotating machine 1 of this example includes a rotor 2 that rotates at high speed, and a housing 3 that has the rotor 2 disposed therein and supports the rotor 2.
The housing 3 includes a storage chamber 31 that stores and arranges the rotor 2, a gas collection chamber 32 that communicates with the storage chamber 31, and a communication portion 33 that connects the storage chamber 31 and the gas collection chamber 32.
The inner wall surface of the storage chamber 31 faces the surface of the rotor 2 and is provided with a clearance between the surface.

  The communication portion 33 is open to the accommodation chamber 31 at a position facing the surface of the rotor 2 at a portion that is separated from the rotation axis A of the rotor 2 in the radial direction by more than half of the radius r. In this example, the communication portion 33 is open to the accommodation chamber 31 in a portion that is away from the rotation axis A of the rotor 2 in the radial direction by a radius or more.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape having a pair of flat surfaces 21 orthogonal to the rotation axis A at both ends in the rotation axis direction. From the center of the pair of flat surfaces 21, the pair of shaft portions 22 extend in the normal direction of the flat surface 21 along the rotation axis A. The shaft portion 22 is rotatably supported with respect to a shaft support portion 34 provided in the housing 3. In addition, the shaft support part 34 can be comprised with bearings, such as a ball bearing, a roller bearing, a slide bearing, and a magnetic bearing, for example.

  The housing 3 includes a support wall portion 35 that faces the flat surface 21 of the rotor 2 and an outer peripheral wall portion 36 that faces the outer peripheral surface 23 in the radial direction of the rotor 2. The shaft support 34 is formed on the support wall 35. In addition, two communication portions 33 and two air collecting chambers 32 are formed on the outer peripheral wall portion 36, respectively.

  The pair of communication portions 33 open to the storage chamber 31 at portions where the pair of flat surfaces 21 are extended radially outward. As shown in FIG. 3, the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed over the entire outer circumference in the radial direction of the flat surface 21. Therefore, the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed in an annular shape. In addition, the communication portion 33 opens into the accommodation chamber 31 over the entire outer circumference in the radial direction of the flat surface 21.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the communication portion 33 has both ends in the rotation axis direction at the opening portion with respect to the storage chamber 31 located on both sides of the extended surface of the flat surface 21. The communication portion 33 has a width W1 in the rotation axis direction larger than the clearance C1 between the flat surface 21 of the rotor 2 and the inner wall surface of the support wall portion 35 of the housing 3.
A pair of air collection chambers 32 is formed corresponding to the pair of communication portions 33. The air collecting chamber 32 has a width in the rotation axis direction larger than that of the communication portion 33, and a radial width W <b> 2 is larger than a clearance C <b> 2 between the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 and the outer peripheral wall portion 36 of the housing 3.

  The housing chamber 31, the air collecting chamber 32, and the communication portion 33 of the housing 3 constitute one closed space while communicating with each other. That is, the internal space of the housing 3 does not communicate with the outside and has an airtight structure. However, the internal space of the housing 3 does not necessarily have an airtight structure, and may have a ventilation structure with the outside. In this example, the gas is air.

Next, the function and effect of this example will be described.
In the high-speed rotating machine 1, the housing 3 has a gas collection chamber 32 that communicates with the storage chamber 31. The communication portion 33 opens to the storage chamber 31 at a position facing the surface of the rotor 2 at a portion that is away from the rotation axis A of the rotor 2 in the radial direction by more than half of the radius r. Thereby, when the rotor 2 rotates at a high speed and the gas in the storage chamber 31 moves toward the outer peripheral side of the rotor 2, the gas is collected into the air collecting chamber 32 via the communication portion 33. Therefore, the gas density in the air collecting chamber 32 is increased, and the gas density in the storage chamber 31 is decreased accordingly. As a result, the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine 1 can be reduced.

In particular, since the communication portion 33 is open to the accommodating chamber 31 in a portion that is separated from the rotation axis A of the rotor 2 by more than half of the radius r, the gas in the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 2 and the portion close thereto is provided. Can be prevented from increasing in density.
In this example, the communication portion 33 is open to the storage chamber 31 at a portion separated from the rotation axis A by a radius r or more. Therefore, the gas in the storage chamber 31 can be more efficiently guided from the communication portion 33 to the air collection chamber 32, and the gas density in the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 2 and the portion close thereto can be prevented from increasing. it can. As a result, the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine 1 can be reduced more effectively.

  Further, since the air collection chamber 32 is formed as a separate space from the storage chamber 31, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inner wall surface of the storage chamber 31 and the surface of the rotor 2 are disposed between the two. It can be made to oppose in the state which made clearance small enough. As a result, it is possible to prevent a turbulent gas flow from occurring on the surface of the rotor 2 and to suppress windage loss.

  In addition, a communication portion 33 opens into the accommodation chamber 31 in a portion where the pair of flat surfaces 21 of the rotor 2 are extended outward in the radial direction. Therefore, the gas in the storage chamber 31 can be more efficiently guided from the communication portion 33 to the air collection chamber 32. That is, the gas in the storage chamber 31 rotates with the rotor 2 even in the portion facing the flat surface 21 due to its viscosity. And as shown in FIG. 4, this rotating gas G is guide | induced to the outer peripheral side of the rotor 2 with a centrifugal force. Therefore, since the gas G is easily guided in the direction in which the flat surface 21 is extended radially outward, the communication portion 33 is opened at that portion, so that the gas G is more efficiently collected in the air collecting chamber 32. be able to.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed over the entire outer circumference of the flat surface 21 in the radial direction, and the communication portion 33 is a storage chamber over the entire outer periphery of the flat surface 21 in the radial direction. 31 is open. Therefore, the density of the gas in the storage chamber 31 can be reduced uniformly, and the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine 1 can be reduced more effectively.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, communication portions 33 are opened to the accommodation chambers 31 in both portions of the rotor 2 where the pair of flat surfaces 21 are extended outward in the radial direction. Therefore, the gas that rotates together with the rotor 2 at the portions facing the pair of flat surfaces 21 is guided to the outer peripheral side of the rotor 2 by centrifugal force. Therefore, the amount of gas guided from the storage chamber 31 to the air collection chamber 32 can be effectively increased, and the gas density in the storage chamber 31 can be reduced more efficiently.
Further, a pair of air collecting chambers 32 is formed corresponding to the pair of communicating portions 33. Therefore, the gas can be sufficiently discharged from the storage chamber 31 at the pair of communication portions 33.

  As described above, according to this example, it is possible to provide a high-speed rotating machine that can effectively reduce windage loss.

(Example 2)
In this example, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the shape of the rotor 2 is changed.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 (A), the rotor 2 includes a pair of flat surfaces 21 having different radii at both ends in the direction of the rotation axis, and the cross-sectional shape of the plane including the rotation axis A is substantially a base. It has a shape that becomes a shape. The communication portion 33 opens into the accommodation chamber 31 in a portion of the pair of flat surfaces 21 extending from the large-diameter flat surface 211 having a large radius outward in the radial direction.

That is, the rotor 2 includes the large-diameter flat surface 211 and the small-diameter flat surface 212 having a smaller radius than the large-diameter flat surface as the flat surface 21. Both the large-diameter flat surface 211 and the small-diameter flat surface 212 are circular with the rotation axis A as the center. The outer peripheral surface 23 is formed so as to connect the edge of the large-diameter flat surface 211 and the edge of the small-diameter flat surface 212 with the shortest distance. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface 23 is inclined with respect to the rotation axis A in the cross-sectional shape of the rotor 2 by the plane including the rotation axis A (the shape shown in FIG. 5A).
In this example, the radius r of the rotor 2 matches the radius of the large-diameter flat surface 211.

The housing chamber 31 of the housing 3 also has a shape in which the cross-sectional shape including the rotation axis A is substantially trapezoidal so as to follow the outer shape of the rotor 2. The air collection chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed in a portion obtained by extending the large-diameter flat surface 211 outward in the radial direction. On the other hand, the air collection chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are not formed in a portion where the small-diameter flat surface 212 is extended radially outward.
Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

In the case of this example, as shown in FIG. 6, the gas G facing the large-diameter flat surface 211 having a large area can be efficiently guided to the air collecting chamber 32. Therefore, the density of the gas in the storage chamber 31 can be reduced efficiently.
Further, the gas facing the small-diameter flat surface 212 is also guided to the outer peripheral side as the rotor 2 rotates, and is guided to the clearance along the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2. The outer peripheral surface 23 is inclined so as to move away from the rotation axis A as it goes from the small-diameter flat surface 212 toward the large-diameter flat surface 211. Therefore, the gas G guided to the clearance along the outer peripheral surface 23 is gradually guided to the large-diameter flat surface 211 side as the rotor 2 rotates, and is also guided to the air collecting chamber 32 via the communication portion 33. .

Therefore, the gas in the storage chamber 31 includes not only the gas in the clearance on the large-diameter flat surface 211 side, but also the gas in the clearance on the small-diameter flat surface 212 side, and further, the gas in the clearance along the outer peripheral surface 23. However, it is possible to efficiently lead to the air collecting chamber 32.
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

(Example 3)
In this example, as shown in FIG. 7, the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed in a portion where only one of the pair of flat surfaces 21 of the rotor 2 is extended radially outward.
That is, in the first embodiment, two air collecting chambers 32 and communication portions 33 are formed, but in this example, one air collecting chamber 32 and one communication portion 33 are formed. And the air collection chamber 32 and the communication part 33 are formed in the annular | circular shape centering on the rotating shaft A similarly to Example 1. FIG.
Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

In the case of this example, since there are few formation locations of the air collection chamber 32 and the communication part 33, a structure can be simplified and processing cost can also be reduced.
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

Example 4
In this example, as shown in FIG. 8, the communication portion 33 is formed obliquely at the corner of the storage chamber 31.
That is, the communication portion 33 and the air collecting chamber 32 are formed at a portion where the shaft support wall portion 35 and the outer peripheral wall portion 36 intersect in the housing 3. The communication portion 33 opens into the accommodation chamber 31 toward the corner portion between the flat surface 21 and the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2.
Further, the air collecting chamber 32 has a substantially circular shape in cross section (a shape appearing in FIG. 8A) by a plane including the rotation axis A.
Others are the same as in the third embodiment.

In the case of this example, it becomes easy to form the communication part 33 and the air collection chamber 32 by cutting. That is, since the processing jig can be made to enter the portion between the shaft support wall portion 35 and the outer peripheral wall portion 36 of the housing 3 at an angle, the communication portion 33 and the air collecting chamber 32 can be easily formed into a circular shape using a lathe. It can be formed in an annular shape.
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.
Note that the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 having the shape as in this example can be formed on the extended lines of both the pair of flat surfaces 21 of the rotor 2.

(Example 5)
This example is an example of the high-speed rotating machine 1 in which the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed in a part of the circumferential direction around the rotation axis A as shown in FIGS.
That is, in each of the high-speed rotating machines 1 shown in the first to fourth embodiments, the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed in an annular shape over the entire circumferential direction around the rotation axis A. . On the other hand, the high-speed rotating machine 1 of this example forms the air collection chamber 32 and the communication part 33 only in a part of the circumferential direction.

In the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 9, the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed only at a part of a portion where one flat surface 21 of the rotor 2 is extended outward in the radial direction. Both the width in the rotation axis direction and the width in the circumferential direction of the air collection chamber 32 are larger than the communication portion 33.
The high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 10 is an example in which the air collection chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed outside the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2. That is, the communication part 33 opens toward the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2.

The high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 11 is an example in which a communication portion 33 is formed in a part of a portion where both of the pair of flat surfaces 21 of the rotor 2 are extended radially outward. However, the air collecting chamber 32 is formed only in a part of the portion where one flat surface 21 of the rotor 2 is extended radially outward. The pair of communication portions 33 communicates with one air collection chamber 32.
Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

In the case of this example, the housing 2 can be easily downsized.
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

(Example 6)
This example is an example of the high-speed rotating machine 1 in which the exhaust device 4 is connected to the air collecting chamber 32 as shown in FIGS.
In other words, the exhaust device 4 is connected to the air collecting chamber 32 so that the gas can be exhausted from the air collecting chamber 32. As the exhaust device 4, for example, an intake portion (for example, an intake manifold) of an automobile engine, a vacuum booster, or the like can be used.

  A high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 12 is an example in which an exhaust device 4 is attached to the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in the first embodiment. A high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 13 is an example in which an exhaust device 4 is attached to the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in the second embodiment.

In the case of this example, the gas collected in the air collecting chamber 32 can be discharged to the outside of the high-speed rotating machine 1, so that the gas in the storage chamber 31 can be more easily guided to the air collecting chamber 32. As a result, the density of the gas in the storage chamber 31 can be further reduced, and the windage loss of the high-speed rotating machine 1 can be further reduced.
Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

(Example 7)
This example is an example of the high-speed rotating machine 1 in which a check valve 331 is disposed in the communication portion 33 as shown in FIG. The check valve 331 is disposed so as to prevent a backflow of gas from the air collection chamber 32 toward the storage chamber 31.
Other configurations are the same as those of the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. However, the check valve 331 is not limited to this, and can be applied as appropriate even if it has other configurations.

In the case of this example, it is possible to prevent the high-pressure gas collected in the air collection chamber 32 from flowing back into the storage chamber 31, and to efficiently reduce the gas density in the storage chamber 31.
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

(Example 8)
This example is an example of the high-speed rotating machine 1 in which the shape of the rotor 2 is variously changed as shown in FIGS.
Examples of various changes in the cross-sectional shape of the rotor 2 by a plane including the rotation axis A are shown in FIGS. In these high-speed rotating machines 1, the shape of the housing chamber 31 of the housing 3 is a shape that follows the outer shape of the rotor 2.

In the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 15, the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 is a substantially semicircular shape.
In the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 16, the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 is formed by a pair of oblique sides 231 that extend outward toward the center. And the outer periphery edge 232 is formed in the part where a pair of hypotenuse crosses. The communication portion 33 and the air collecting chamber 32 are formed outside the outer peripheral edge 232, and the communication portion 33 opens into the storage chamber 31 toward the outer peripheral edge 232.

In the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 17, the rotor 2 has a flat surface 21 only on one side in the rotation axis direction, and a spherical surface 24 corresponding to a part of a substantially spherical surface is formed on the other side. is there. And the air collection chamber 32 and the communication part 33 are formed in the part which extended the flat surface 21 to the radial direction outer side.
The high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 18 has a cross-sectional shape of the rotor 2 with a plane including the rotation axis A substantially rhombus-shaped. The communication portion 33 and the air collecting chamber 32 are formed outside the outer peripheral edge 232, and the communication portion 33 opens into the storage chamber 31 toward the outer peripheral edge 232.

Next, examples in which the cross-sectional shape of the rotor 2 is changed variously by a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis A are shown in FIGS.
A high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 19 has a concave portion 233 that is partially recessed inward on the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2. That is, the recessed part 233 can be provided in the outer peripheral surface 23 of the cylindrical rotor 2 shown in Example 1, for example in four places. In FIG. 19, the recess 233 is formed in a groove shape in a direction parallel to the rotation axis A. However, the recess 233 may be formed in a groove shape in the circumferential direction or formed obliquely. You can also. Furthermore, the recessed part 233 can also be formed in dot shape.
Here, from the viewpoint of windage loss, the recesses 233 are preferably as small as possible and less, but are not particularly limited.

  The high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 20 has an uneven surface 234 having a sawtooth cross section formed on the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2. Here, the depth of the uneven surface 234 is preferably as shallow as possible, but is not particularly limited.

In the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in FIG. 21, the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 is a polygon. When the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 is a polygon, it is preferably a regular polygon and preferably has a larger number of corners, for example, a hexagon or more.
As described above, also in the high-speed rotating machine 1 including the rotor 2 having the shape mentioned in this example, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those in the first embodiment.

Example 9
This example is an example of a vehicular rotating electrical machine 5 to which the high-speed rotating machine 1 of the present invention is applied, as shown in FIG.
That is, the rotating electrical machine 5 of this example is used as a motor for driving a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
The rotating electrical machine 5 includes an annular stator 51 in the housing 3. A storage chamber 31 is formed inside the stator 51, and the rotor 2 is stored in the storage chamber 31 as a rotor. The rotor 2 is rotatably supported at a shaft portion 22 by a shaft support portion 34 provided on the housing 3. The outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 is disposed opposite to the inner peripheral surface of the stator 51.

  A shaft seal 37 is disposed between the storage chamber 31 and the shaft support portion 34. This prevents oil that lubricates the gears and the shaft support portion 34 from entering the rotor 2 side, and causes the pressure inside the housing 3 (the accommodation chamber 31) to be reduced due to the effect of the air collecting chamber 32 due to the differential pressure. New air can be prevented from entering.

  A large gear 521 is fixed to one of the pair of shaft portions 22 in the rotor 2. Then, the rotational force of the rotor 2 increases the torque and is transmitted to the vehicle drive system through the shaft 53 via the reduction gear 52 formed by the large gear 521 and the small gear 522 that meshes with the large gear 521. .

  In the housing 3, a communication portion 33 is formed on the outer side of the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 from the storage chamber 31 toward the rotation axis direction and opposite to the reduction gear 52. Is formed. The air collection chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 are formed in an annular shape around the rotation axis A.

The rotor 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape, the radius r thereof can be set to 25 to 200 mm, for example, and the width W3 in the rotation axis direction can be set to 50 to 200 mm, for example. The rotor 2 rotates with respect to the housing 3 at a maximum rotation speed of 10,000 to 50,000 rpm, for example.
Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

In the case of this example, the windage loss of the rotating electrical machine 5 can be reduced. In particular, in the case of a rotating electrical machine 5 for driving a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, the radius of the rotor (rotor 2) is large, and the rotational speed of the rotor 2 is large, so that windage loss tends to increase. By providing the air collecting chamber 32, the effect of reducing the windage loss can be sufficiently obtained.
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

(Example 10)
This example is an example of a kinetic energy recovery system (KERS) 6 to which the high-speed rotating machine 1 of the present invention is applied, as shown in FIG.
That is, the rotor 2 of the high-speed rotating machine 1 is a flywheel in the kinetic energy recovery system 6. The flywheel (rotor 2) is accommodated in the internal accommodating chamber 31 and the housing 3 that pivotally supports the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33.

  The kinetic energy recovery system 6 is a system that is mounted on a vehicle, for example, and accumulates the kinetic energy of the vehicle as energy of rotational motion of the flywheel (rotor 2) when the vehicle is decelerated.

A small gear 621 is fixed to one of the pair of shaft portions 22 in the rotor 2, and the small gear 621 and a large gear 622 meshing with the small gear 621 are connected to a planetary gear portion 63 described later. A speed increasing portion 62 that increases the rotational speed of the shaft 623 and transmits it to the rotor 2 is configured. The planetary gear unit 63 includes a sun gear 631 fixed to the connecting shaft 623, four pinion gears 632 that mesh with the sun gear 631, and one ring gear 633 that meshes with the four pinion gears 632. Note that the number of pinion gears 632 is not particularly limited, and may be 3 to 6, for example.
A shaft seal 37 is disposed between the storage chamber 31 and the shaft support portion 34.

The plurality of pinion gears 632 are fixed to one end of the input / output carrier 64 and are respectively rotatably fixed to radial arm portions 641 that extend radially in a direction perpendicular to the input / output carrier 64. The other end of the input / output carrier 64 is connected to a drive system of the vehicle via a gear, a chain / sprocket, a belt / pulley, or the like.
Specifically, for example, a differential gear, a drive plate that meshes with a starter gear of an engine, a belt that drives an alternator, and a gear that meshes with a gear in a transmission are fixed to the input / output carrier 64. Or the sprocket which can transmit motive power with the rotating shaft and chain in a transmission may be arrange | positioned at the input-output carrier 64. FIG. In addition, the input / output carrier 64 is connected to one of the parts that can transfer power to and from the tire.

  The ring gear 633 is fixed to a ring gear holding portion 652 connected to a speed governor 651 for adjusting the rotational speed transmitted to the rotor 2 (flywheel). As the governor 651, for example, a vehicle drive motor, a brake, a variable displacement pump, or the like can be used.

  The planetary gear unit 63 is accommodated in a gear box 66 fixed to the housing 3 of the high-speed rotating machine 1. Further, the speed increasing portion 62 is formed in a space formed between a recess provided in the housing 3 and the gear box 66. The connecting shaft 622 and the ring gear holding portion 652 are pivotally supported by bearings 67 provided in the housing 3 and the gear box 66, respectively. Further, the input / output carrier 64 is pivotally supported by a bearing portion 670 provided inside the connection shaft 622.

The rotor 2 has the same shape as the cylindrical rotor in the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in the first embodiment. The radius r is 50 to 200 mm, and the width W3 in the rotation axis direction is about 25 to 100 mm. Further, the rotor 2 rotates with respect to the housing 3 at a maximum rotation speed of 10,000 to 100,000 rpm, for example.
The housing 3 includes a gas collection chamber 32 and a communication portion 33 at a portion of the pair of flat surfaces 21 of the rotor 2 that extends in the radial direction from the one flat surface 21 closer to the speed increasing portion 62.

Taking the case where a drive motor is selected as the governor 651 as an example, the operation of the kinetic energy recovery system 6 will be described below.
First, the numbers of teeth of the sun gear 631 and the ring gear 633 are respectively defined as Zs and Zr, and Ρ = Zs / Zr. The rotational speed and torque of the sun gear 631, the input / output carrier 64, and the ring gear 633 of the planetary gear unit 63 are defined as ωs · Ts, ωc · Tc, and ωr · Tr, respectively. Further, the rotation direction of the input / output carrier 64 is defined as positive rotation, and the opposite rotation direction is defined as negative rotation.

The operation of the kinetic energy recovery system 6 when recovering kinetic energy to the kinetic energy recovery system 6 is as follows.
That is, when the ring gear 633 is rotating forward, the torque Tr is applied in the direction of decreasing the rotation speed of the ring gear 633 by the drive motor (the governor 651). As a result, a torque of Ts = （/ (1 + Ρ) × Tc acts on the sun gear 631 in the direction of increasing the rotational speed, and the rotational speed of the rotor 2 is increased. Since the inertia weight of the rotor 2 the rotor 2 when the I energy held represented by I × .omega.s ^2/2, by an amount .omega.s is increased by an increase in the rotor 2 rotating speed, energy to the rotor 2 Collected.
On the other hand, when the ring gear 633 is negatively rotated, the torque Tr is applied in the direction of increasing the rotational speed of the ring gear 633 by the drive motor (the governor 651), thereby increasing the rotational speed of the sun gear 631 as described above. The energy is recovered in the rotor 2.

The operation of the kinetic energy recovery system 6 when using the kinetic energy accumulated in the kinetic energy recovery system 6 is as follows.
That is, when the ring gear 633 is rotating forward, the torque Tr is applied in the direction of increasing the rotation speed of the ring gear 633 by the drive motor (the governor 651). As a result, a torque of Ρ / (1 + Ρ) × Tc acts on the sun gear 631 (rotor 2) in the direction of decreasing the rotational speed, and the torque of Tc is applied to the input / output carrier 64 as a reaction force. Therefore, the kinetic energy stored in the sun gear 631 (rotor 2) is used through the input / output carrier 64. When the ring gear 633 is negatively rotated, torque Tr is applied in a direction to decrease the rotational speed of the ring gear 633 by the drive motor (the governor 651). Thereby, similarly to the above, the rotational speed of the sun gear 631 is lowered, and the kinetic energy stored in the sun gear 631 (rotor 2) is used through the input / output carrier 64.
Other parts of the configuration of the high-speed rotating machine 1 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In the case of this example, the windage loss of the flywheel can be reduced. In addition, since the flywheel has a large radius and a high rotation speed, the windage loss is likely to increase. By applying the present invention, the effect of reducing the windage loss can be sufficiently obtained.
In addition, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained.

  Note that the high-speed rotating machine of the present invention is not limited to the kinetic energy recovery system 6 described above, but can be similarly used for other devices having a flywheel such as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

In addition, in the said Example, although the case where the gas in the storage chamber 31 was air was demonstrated, gas is not restricted to air but another gas may be sufficient.
In this case, for example, the storage chamber 31, the air collection chamber 32, and the communication portion 33 are formed as a sealed space isolated from the outside, and a gas having a lower density (lighter) than air at the same pressure and the same temperature in the sealed space, For example, helium or hydrogen can be filled. In this case, the frictional resistance between the gas remaining in the storage chamber 31 and the rotor 2 is reduced, and the windage loss can be further reduced. That is, since ρ among the constituent factors of the windage loss (F = k · ρ · ω ³ · r ⁴ · (2r + 5L)) is reduced, the windage loss is reduced.

(Comparative example)
This example is an example of the high-speed rotating machine 9 including a housing 93 that does not have the air collecting chamber 32 and the communication portion 33 in the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The high-speed rotating machine 9 of this comparative example includes a rotor 92 that rotates at a high speed, and a housing 93 that has the rotor 92 disposed therein and supports the shaft. The housing 93 is not provided with a communication portion or a gas collection chamber.
Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

  In this comparative example, when the rotor 92 rotates at a high speed, air friction occurs between the gas (air) in the housing chamber 931 of the housing 93 and the surface of the rotor 92, and windage loss occurs. In particular, the gas facing the surface of the rotor 92 rotates with the rotor 92 due to its viscosity. This rotating gas moves toward the outside in the radial direction of the rotor 92 by centrifugal force. Therefore, the density of the gas increases especially toward the outer peripheral side of the rotor 92. And since the speed is faster at the outer peripheral side portion of the rotor 92, the resistance due to friction with the dense gas is synergistically increased. As a result, a large windage loss occurs in the high-speed rotating machine 9 of this comparative example.

  On the other hand, the high-speed rotating machine 1 shown in Examples 1-10 can reduce the density of the gas in the storage chamber 31 by providing the air collection chamber 32 and the communication part 33, and especially the rotor 2 of FIG. It is possible to prevent an increase in gas density at the outer periphery. Therefore, as described above, windage loss can be effectively suppressed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High speed rotating machine 2 Rotor 21 Flat surface 3 Housing 31 Storage chamber 32 Air collection chamber 33 Communication part

Claims (13)

A high-speed rotating machine comprising a rotor that rotates at high speed, and a housing that supports the shaft and supports the rotor;
The housing includes a storage chamber that stores and arranges the rotor, a gas collection chamber that communicates with the storage chamber, and a communication portion that connects the storage chamber and the gas collection chamber.
The inner wall surface of the storage chamber is opposed to the surface of the rotor and has a clearance with the surface.
The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the communicating portion is open to the storage chamber at a portion spaced in the radial direction by a half or more of the radius from the rotating shaft of the rotor.   2. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the communicating portion is open to the housing chamber at a portion that is separated from the rotating shaft of the rotor in the radial direction by a radius or more. .   3. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor includes a flat surface orthogonal to the rotation axis at at least one end in the rotation axis direction, and at least one of portions extending the flat surface radially outward. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the communication portion is open to the storage chamber.   4. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 3, wherein the air collecting chamber and the communication portion are formed over the entire outer periphery in the radial direction of the flat surface, and the communication portion is the entire outer periphery in the radial direction of the flat surface. A high-speed rotating machine characterized by being open to the storage chamber.   5. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 3, wherein the rotor has a substantially columnar shape including a pair of flat surfaces at both ends in the rotation axis direction, and the pair of flat surfaces are respectively radially outward. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the extended portion has the communication portion opened in the storage chamber.   6. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 5, wherein a pair of the air collecting chambers are formed corresponding to the pair of communicating portions.   6. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 5, wherein the pair of communicating portions communicate with one of the air collecting chambers.   4. The high-speed rotating machine according to claim 3, wherein the rotor includes a pair of flat surfaces having different radii at both ends in the rotation axis direction, and a cross-sectional shape by a plane including the rotation axis is substantially trapezoidal. The high-speed rotation is characterized in that, in at least a part of a portion obtained by extending a large-diameter flat surface having a large radius to the outside in the radial direction of the pair of flat surfaces, the communication portion is open to the accommodation chamber. Machine.   The high-speed rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the air collecting chamber is connected to an exhaust device that exhausts gas from the air collecting chamber.   The high-speed rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the storage chamber, the air collection chamber, and the communication portion are sealed spaces isolated from the outside, A high-speed rotating machine filled with a gas having a lower density than air at the same pressure and the same temperature.   The high-speed rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a check valve for preventing a backflow of gas from the air collecting chamber to the housing chamber is disposed in the communication portion. A high-speed rotating machine.   The high-speed rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the rotor is a rotor of a rotating electrical machine.   The high-speed rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the rotor is a flywheel.

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