JP2012182684A - 静電型スピーカ - Google Patents
静電型スピーカ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2012182684A JP2012182684A JP2011044502A JP2011044502A JP2012182684A JP 2012182684 A JP2012182684 A JP 2012182684A JP 2011044502 A JP2011044502 A JP 2011044502A JP 2011044502 A JP2011044502 A JP 2011044502A JP 2012182684 A JP2012182684 A JP 2012182684A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fine particles
- buffer member
- inorganic fine
- vibrating membrane
- electrostatic speaker
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Abstract
【解決手段】静電型スピーカは、薄膜状部材からなる振動膜と、前記振動膜に対向して配置される導電性の音響透過性を有する平面電極と、前記振動膜と前記平面電極との間に配置され、前記振動膜とは帯電列上において離れた材料で形成される緩衝部材と、を備えることを特徴とする。
【選択図】図1
Description
(第1実施形態)
緩衝部材2が、振動膜3と帯電列上において異なる材料であることにより、振動膜3が振動すると、緩衝部材2との間での摩擦により、振動膜3が帯電する。そして、緩衝部材2が振動膜3に対して、帯電列上においてより離れていれば、振動膜の電荷量はより大きくなり、高電位を印加した場合と同様の効果が得られる。従って、緩衝部材2と振動膜3とを、帯電列上において互いに離れた材料を用いて形成すれば、より低い印加電圧であっても音を発生させることができるようになり、高電位による感電のおそれがなくなる。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態の静電型スピーカについて図4を用いて詳述する。
(実施例1)
ポリエステルフィルム(東レ株式会社製、厚さ1.4μm)を振動膜とし、ナイロン不織布(旭化成せんい製、目付40g/m2)を緩衝部材とした。
無機微粒子である酸化ジルコニウム粒子(日本電工株式会社製、PCS)をメタノールに10.0質量%分散してpHを4.0に塩酸で調製する。その後、酸化ジルコニウム粒子をビーズミルにより平均粒子径20nmに粉砕分散した。得られた分散溶液にシランモノマーとして不飽和結合を有する3−メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業株式会社製、KBM−503)を無機微粒子に対して5.0質量%加える。その後、この粉砕分散溶液を、冷却管を備えたフラスコに移してフラスコをオイルバスで加熱し、4時間還流下で処理することにより酸化ジルコニウム微粒子表面にシランモノマーを脱水縮合反応により化学結合させて被覆を形成した。得られた分散溶液中にバインダー成分としてN-(ビニルベンジル)-2-アミノエチル-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランの塩酸塩(信越化学工業株式会社製、KBM−575)を、シランモノマーで被覆された無機微粒子の含有量に対して30質量%の含有量となるように添加した。そして、酸化ジルコニウム微粒子をビーズミルにより再度粉砕分散したところ、得られた分散溶液中の平均粒子径は22nmであった。なお、ここでいう平均粒子径とは、体積平均粒子径のことをいう。
振動膜をPVDFフィルム(クレハ製、厚さ4μm)とした以外は実施例1と同様である。
ポリエステルフィルム(東レ株式会社製、厚さ1.4μm)に対して、フッ素系皮膜材料としての、CT-solv.100E(旭硝子株式会社製)にて希釈したサイトップ(旭硝子株式会社製CTL-102AE)を浸漬にて塗布し、100℃で、1分間乾燥して振動膜を作製した以外は実施例1と同様である。
実施例2において緩衝部材に塗布するために生成した無機微粒子分散液と同じ分散液に、バインダー成分としてテトラメトキシシラン(信越化学工業株式会社製、KBM-04)を、シランモノマーで被覆された無機微粒子の含有量に対して15質量%の含有量となるように添加した。その後、酸化ジルコニウム微粒子をビーズミルにより再度粉砕分散したところ、得られた分散溶液中の平均粒子径は20nmであった。
緩衝部材をポリエステル不織布(旭化成せんい製、目付40g/m2)とした以外は実施例1と同様である。
緩衝部材をポリプロピレン不織布(旭化成せんい製、目付40g/m2)とした以外は実施例2と同様である。
あらかじめ、それぞれの振動膜及び緩衝部材を直流送風式除電器(春日電機製、KD−410)にて除電して、振動膜と緩衝部材の電荷量をほぼ0.0nCにした。その後、平面電極をSUS325のメッシュ板とし、図1に示すように平面電極間に実施例及び比較例それぞれの緩衝部材を設け、さらにその緩衝部材にそれぞれの振動膜を挟み込みスピーカを作製した。作製したスピーカの電極間に1kHzの正弦波を供給し、音圧測定した。音圧の測定は、スピーカから25cmの距離に設置した騒音計(NL-20 リオン株式会社製)にて評価した。
振動膜の電荷量の測定は、作製したスピーカに正弦波を供給後、スピーカから振動膜を取り出し、春日電機株式会社製のクーロンメーター(NK-1001)を接続させた静電電荷量測定器(ファラデーケージ型 KQ-1400)を用いて測定した。
2 緩衝部材
3 振動膜
11 緩衝部材の基体
12a 無機微粒子
12b 高分子微粒子
13 シランモノマー
14 バインダー
15 フッ素系高分子層
16 振動膜の基体
Claims (7)
- 薄膜状部材からなる振動膜と、
前記振動膜に対向して配置される導電性の音響透過性を有する平面電極と、
前記振動膜と前記平面電極との間に配置され、少なくとも前記振動膜に対向する部分が前記振動膜とは帯電列上において離れた材料を含んで形成される緩衝部材と、を備えることを特徴とする静電型スピーカ。 - 前記緩衝部材の少なくとも前記振動膜に対向する表面には、無機微粒子または高分子微粒子が固定されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の静電型スピーカ。
- 前記緩衝部材の少なくとも前記振動膜に対向する表面には、無機微粒子または高分子微粒子と、バインダー成分と、を含む薄膜が形成されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の静電型スピーカ。
- 前記無機微粒子は、不飽和結合部を有するシランモノマーで被覆され、
前記薄膜内の無機微粒子同士は、互いのシランモノマーの不飽和結合又は反応性官能基が化学結合するとともに、前記無機微粒子の前記シランモノマーの不飽和結合又は反応性官能基が前記緩衝部材の表面部と化学結合することにより、前記無機微粒子が前記緩衝部材に固定されてなることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の静電型スピーカ。 - 前記無機微粒子および高分子微粒子が誘電体であることを特徴とする請求項2から4のいずれか一つに記載の静電型スピーカ。
- 前記振動膜は、フッ素系高分子を含む層が表面に形成されることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか一つに記載の静電型スピーカ。
- 前記振動膜は、表面の算術平均粗さRaが5nm以上500nm以下であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の静電型スピーカ。
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KR101606481B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-01 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | 마찰전기를 이용한 인공 기저막 장치 및 이를 포함하는 인공 와우 |
KR20220034772A (ko) | 2019-07-12 | 2022-03-18 | 내셔날 인스티튜트 오브 어드밴스드 인더스트리얼 사이언스 앤드 테크놀로지 | 음압-전기 신호 변환 장치 및 그의 변환 방법 |
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JPH07227000A (ja) * | 1994-02-15 | 1995-08-22 | Audio Technica Corp | 静電型電気音響変換器 |
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JP2009253050A (ja) * | 2008-04-07 | 2009-10-29 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | エレクトレットおよび静電誘導型変換素子 |
JP2010272303A (ja) * | 2009-05-20 | 2010-12-02 | Nbc Meshtec Inc | 導電性部材及びその製造方法 |
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KR101606481B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-01 | 재단법인대구경북과학기술원 | 마찰전기를 이용한 인공 기저막 장치 및 이를 포함하는 인공 와우 |
KR20220034772A (ko) | 2019-07-12 | 2022-03-18 | 내셔날 인스티튜트 오브 어드밴스드 인더스트리얼 사이언스 앤드 테크놀로지 | 음압-전기 신호 변환 장치 및 그의 변환 방법 |
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