JP2012180682A - Composite panel for tunnel wall surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite panel for a tunnel wall surface, which prevents detachment and falling of tiles or the like due to causes such as aged deterioration of an adhesive proceeding in a short period under severe environment in a tunnel.SOLUTION: A composite panel comprises a rectangular plate-shaped panel body 1, a metal base plate 2 which is fastened to the front face of the panel body 1, and a plurality of tiles 5, 5,... arranged in array on the front face of the metal base plate 2 and retained by upper engaging pieces 3,3,... and lower engaging pieces 4,4,... disposed thereon. The panel body 1 is formed of a concrete plate having a vertically long rectangular shape and treated to be slightly bendable. The metal base plate 2 is a plate member basically having a vertically long rectangular shape corresponding to the panel body 1, having a number of substantially quadrilateral openings 2a approximately evenly disposed all over the entire region. The upper engaging pieces 3,3,... and lower engaging pieces 4,4,... are arranged on the metal base plate 2, corresponding to the size of the tiles 5, 5,... to be engaged and corresponding to the array.

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel, which is composed of a plate member such as a plurality of tiles or stones and a substrate supporting the same as basic elements, and is attached to a wall surface in the tunnel via an attachment means. .

  In this type of tunnel wall panel, a plurality of tiles are bonded and fixed to the surface side of the cement board as a substrate via a resin adhesive, and a glass fiber cloth is bonded to the back side of the cement board. There is a use example of what was pasted via.

  In addition, the “panel with tiles attached to the surface” used in the panel mounting method of Patent Document 1 has almost the same configuration as the above-described use example, and this panel has a plurality of tiles epoxy on the surface of the panel body. It is joined via an adhesive having excellent water resistance such as a system.

  The composite panel of the above-mentioned use example is appropriately selected as a tile material and a substrate material used for the composite panel, and if necessary, reinforces the substrate. It is possible to make it excellent in resistance, weather resistance, stain resistance, cleaning recovery property, maintainability, etc., but in any case, the composite panel is bonded and bonded to the substrate using an adhesive. Since aging of the adhesive is unavoidable, it is inevitable that tiles fall off from the substrate.

  The panel of Patent Document 1 is the same, and even if the adhesive to be bonded to the panel body is a water-resistant adhesive, deterioration over time is inevitable, and tile peeling from the panel body cannot be avoided. It must be said to be a thing.

  Because the air pollution inside the tunnel is significant due to exhaust gas, etc., the deterioration of the adhesive that bonds and fixes the tile to the substrate or panel body proceeds much faster than outside the tunnel, and such tiles have a relatively short period of time. There is a risk of peeling and dropping. Needless to say, since the inside of the tunnel is a place where automobiles are used, the separation and dropping may cause a serious accident and is an unacceptable situation and must be avoided.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-299144

  In the present invention, like the composite panel of the above-mentioned use example and the panel of Patent Document 1, the plate member such as the tile is peeled and dropped due to the aging deterioration of the adhesive which proceeds in a short period of time in a bad environment in the tunnel. It is an object of the present invention to solve a problem that may occur and to provide a composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel in which tiles and the like are not easily separated and dropped.

1 of the present invention is a rectangular plate-shaped panel body;
An upper locking piece for locking an upper portion and a lower portion of each plate member in accordance with the dimensional shape and arrangement of a plurality of plate members arranged on the front surface of the metal substrate fixed to the front surface of the panel body; A metal substrate with a lower locking piece;
The plurality of plate members that are locked and held by the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece on the front surface of the metal substrate, and
It is the composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel comprised by this.

2 of the present invention is a composite panel for a wall of a tunnel according to 1 of the present invention
About the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece for locking the plurality of plate members, the upper locking piece and the metal substrate, and the lower locking piece and the metal substrate, respectively. The upper locking piece is composed of an upper projecting piece that projects forward from the metal substrate and an upper holding piece that is bent downward from the tip of the upper projecting piece, and The lower locking piece is composed of a lower protruding piece protruding forward from the metal substrate and a lower holding piece bent upward from the tip of the lower protruding piece.

3 of the present invention is a composite panel for a wall of a tunnel of 2 of the present invention,
About the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece for locking the plurality of plate members, the plates by the upper locking piece and the metal substrate so that each of the plurality of plate members can be held in a Kendon type. The depth dimension at which the upper part of the member can be held is configured to have a depth dimension that exceeds the depth dimension at which the lower part of each plate member can be held by the lower locking piece and the metal substrate.

4 of the present invention is a composite panel for a wall of a tunnel of 2 of the present invention,
About the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece that lock the plurality of plate members, the distance between the upper overhanging piece of the upper locking piece and the lower overhanging piece of the lower locking piece that form a pair Is set to a distance dimension that allows the loaded plate member to be held without loosening while allowing the plate member to be slid from the side.

5 of the present invention is a composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of 1, 2, 3 or 4 of the present invention,
The metal substrate is made of a metal having one or both of antirust and anticorrosion properties.

6 of the present invention is a composite panel for a wall of a tunnel of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 of the present invention,
A coupling protrusion for coupling with the panel body is formed on the metal substrate.

  According to the composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel of the present invention, if this is attached to a wall surface in the tunnel using various attachment means described later, each tile arranged in the composite panel is a metal substrate. Is securely attached via the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece, and is not adhesively bonded only by the adhesive, so that it does not deteriorate easily even after a long period of time after mounting, There is almost no risk of peeling of plate members such as tiles from the composite panel. In addition, since the metal substrate is embedded in concrete, mortar, or joint material, the strength of the metal substrate can be maintained for a long time without touching the outside air.

  The mounting of the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of the present invention 1 to the wall surface in the tunnel is, for example, at least about four places, and if at least the panel body and the metal substrate are held together, the panel It is possible to avoid the possibility of peeling between the main body and the metal substrate, which is more appropriate. In addition, such an attachment method is considered not to be inconvenient because the number of attachment points does not increase specially. In this way, the panel body and the metal substrate are securely joined and fixed, and on the other hand, the plate member such as the tile is securely held by the metal substrate. The risk of peeling and dropping of the plate member can be almost eliminated.

  According to the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of the present invention, the upper and lower portions of the plate member such as a tile are held by the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece, and the plate member is easily and reliably attached to the metal substrate. be able to. Therefore, a plate member such as a tile can be securely attached to the panel body via the metal substrate.

  According to the composite panel for a wall of a tunnel of 3 of the present invention, a plate member such as a tile can be easily and reliably attached to a metal substrate, and can be reliably attached to the panel body via the metal substrate. After the composite panel is attached to the wall surface of the tunnel, for example, when some of the plate members are damaged by gravel repelled while the automobile is running, or when a part of the automobile comes into contact, etc. When some of the plate members are damaged, it is possible to replace only some of the plate members, respectively, compared to the case where it is necessary to replace the entire plate member, that is, a composite panel unit. The work is simple and economical.

  When exchanging only a part of the plate members in this way, specifically, after removing the joint material around the target plate member and making the plate member movable, the plate member is If it is lifted as necessary, its lower end can be removed from the lower locking piece. If the plate member is pulled down after the lower end is moved outward from the upper end of the lower locking piece, that is, removed from the lower locking piece, the upper end also comes out of the upper locking piece, and the upper engagement It will come off from the piece. After removing the damaged plate member from the composite panel in this way, a new plate member may be attached to the position of the metal substrate.

  Since it is a Kendon type, its method, that is, the upper end side of the plate member is inserted deep inside the upper locking piece, the lower end is lifted above the upper end of the lower holding piece of the lower locking piece, and then the inner side After moving upward, it is lowered and placed on the lower overhanging piece. At this time, the upper end of the plate member is positioned below the upper overhanging piece of the upper locking piece, but it is not below the lower end of the upper holding piece and is positioned inside the upper holding piece. As a result, the plate member is locked by the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece. Thereafter, the joint is filled with the joint material, thereby preventing the movement of the plate member and preventing the plate member from coming off.

  Thus, according to the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of 3 of the present invention, when a part of the plate member inside thereof is damaged, only the plate member can be replaced.

  According to the composite panel for a tunnel wall of 4 of the present invention, the plate member can be held without looseness by the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece, and the plate member is not necessarily filled with a joint material. There is no risk of losing.

  According to the composite panel for a tunnel wall surface of 5 of the present invention, since the metal substrate is used as a material having either rust prevention or anticorrosion properties or both, the plate member is more securely held. It will be.

  According to the composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel of 6 of the present invention, the connection between the metal substrate and the panel body becomes more reliable, so that it is not inconvenient even if the attachment to the wall surface of the tunnel is performed only through the panel body. Disappear.

The partially cutaway front view of the composite panel for wall surfaces of the tunnel of Example 1. FIG. The partially cutaway front view of the composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel of Example 1 (a metal substrate is displayed with a wavy line). (a) is the partially cutaway front view of the metal substrate of Example 1, (b) is the partially cutout right side view. (a) is a partially cutaway right side view of the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of Example 1, (b) is an enlarged view of part A of (a), (c) is an enlarged view of part B of (a), (d) is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional view of a longitudinal section at the portion where the upper locking piece of the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of Example 1 is arranged, (e) is an enlarged view of a portion C of (d), (f) is an enlarged view of a portion D in (d). (a) is a partially cutaway front view showing a state where the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of Example 1 is attached to the wall surface in the tunnel, and (b) is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional view thereof. (a) is a partially cutaway front view of a metal substrate of Example 2, (b) is a right side view thereof, (c) is a right side view of a composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel of Example 2, and (d) is ( The enlarged view of the E section of c). The partially cutaway front view of the composite panel for wall surfaces of the tunnel of Example 3. FIG. The partially cutaway front view of the composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel of Example 3 (a metal substrate is displayed with a wavy line). (a) is a partially cutaway front view of a metal substrate of Example 3, and (b) is a partially cutaway right side view thereof. (a) is a partially cut-away right side view of the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of Example 3, (b) is an enlarged view of F part of (a), (c) is an enlarged view of G part of (a), (d) is a partially cutaway longitudinal sectional view in a longitudinal section at a portion where the upper locking piece of the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of Example 3 is arranged, (e) is an enlarged view of an H portion in (d), (f) is an enlarged view of (d) I part.

  A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail based on an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

<Example 1>
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel according to the first embodiment is basically a rectangular plate-like panel body 1 and a metal substrate 2 fixed on the front surface of the panel body 1. A plurality of tiles (plate members) 5, 5, and the like that are locked and held on the front surface of the metal substrate 2 by the upper locking pieces 3, 3... And the lower locking pieces 4, 4. It is composed.

  In the first embodiment, the panel body 1 is a vertically-long rectangular plate-like concrete plate whose component is adjusted to be slightly bent by a known technique. The height dimension is preferably a height dimension that can cover a necessary range in the height direction of one side surface of the wall surface w of the tunnel with one sheet. The panel body 1 of Example 1 was also configured as such. In the width direction, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the two tiles 5 and 5 can be arranged in the horizontal direction. The panel body 1 is not limited to a specific material shape and size, but is economical, has sufficient strength, and has excellent fire resistance, contamination resistance, durability, weather resistance, and the like. Is preferred.

  In the first embodiment, as described above, the panel main body 1 is prepared by adjusting the material components so as to be slightly bent. Specifically, a known fiber-mixed concrete plate mixed with fibers was employed. Various types of fibers are used.

  The panel body 1 is prepared in advance in a plate shape and is bonded and joined to the metal substrate 2. The metal substrate 2 is placed in a mold and a paste-like material is placed behind it. It can also be created in a form in which the material is charged and molded.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (a), 3 (b), the metal substrate 2 is a generally longitudinal rectangular plate-like member corresponding to the panel body 1, and has a substantially quadrangular opening 2a, A large number of openings 2a. When the weight is reduced and an adhesive is used, it is entangled with the tiles 5, 5,...

  The upper locking pieces 3, 3... And the lower locking pieces 4, 4... Are arranged on the metal substrate 2 corresponding to the dimensions of the tiles 5, 5. Is.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tiles 5, 5... Are arranged on the front side of the panel body 1, that is, on the front surface of the metal substrate 2 arranged on the front side, two in the lateral direction. Are arranged at regular intervals in the vertical direction. In other words, a large number of tiles 5, 5... Are arranged in two rows in the vertical direction. Therefore, the upper locking pieces 3, 3... And the lower locking pieces 4, 4... Support the upper and lower portions of the tiles 5, 5. It is arranged. Needless to say, the upper side of each tile 5, 5... Is supported by two upper locking pieces 3, 3, and the lower side is supported by two lower locking pieces 4, 4.

  In the first embodiment, the two upper locking pieces 3 and 3 are positioned so as to support a position of about 2/7 of the length from one end or the other end of the upper sides of the tiles 5, 5. The two lower locking pieces 4, 4 are positioned so as to support a position of about 1/7 of the length from one end or the other end of the lower sides of the tiles 5, 5,.

  In the first embodiment, the upper locking pieces 3 are stretched forward from the metal substrate 2 as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) and FIGS. 4 (a) to (f). The upper overhanging piece 3a to be projected and the upper holding piece 3b bent downward from the tip of the upper overhanging piece 3a, and each of the lower locking pieces 4 is a lower portion overhanging forward from the metal substrate 2. The protruding piece 4a and the lower holding piece 4b bent upward from the tip of the lower protruding piece 4a.

  The upper overhanging pieces 3a of the upper locking pieces 3, 3... Are bent in a protruding state from the upper side of the corresponding opening 2a formed in the metal substrate 2, as shown in FIG. The opening 2a is determined in position and dimension so that its position is appropriate. The lower overhanging pieces 4a of the lower locking pieces 4, 4... Are bent from the lower side of the other corresponding opening 2a, as shown in FIG. Similarly, the position and dimension are determined so that the position is appropriate.

  The upper and lower intervals between the upper locking pieces 3, 3,... And the lower locking pieces 4, 4,... Naturally correspond to the vertical dimensions of the tiles 5, 5,. Then, the distance between the former upper overhanging piece 3a and the latter lower overhanging piece 4a is the distance between the vertical dimensions of the tiles 5, 5,. On the other hand, the vertical dimension of the former upper holding piece 3b is about 2.5 times the vertical dimension (shorter than the joint width) of the latter lower holding piece 4b (longer than the joint width). The tiles 5, 5... Can be attached in a Kendon style.

In the first embodiment, the tiles 5, 5,... Are made of a horizontally-long rectangular ceramic. It goes without saying that other various tiles, stone plates or other plate members can be used instead.
The metal substrate 2, the upper locking pieces 3, 3 ... and the lower locking pieces 4, 4 ... are integrally formed of stainless steel.

  The tunnel wall surface composite panel according to the first embodiment is formed by bonding and bonding the back side of the metal substrate 2 to one surface of the panel body 1 with an adhesive, and fixing the upper portion to the front side of the metal substrate 2. The tiles 5, 5... Are installed through the pieces 3, 3... And the lower locking pieces 4, 4. After being attached to the wall surface w, the joint material is filled. This is because if the joint material is filled in the joint in advance, the composite panel cannot be bent corresponding to the curve of the wall surface w of the tunnel.

  Since the tiles 5, 5... Are mounted in the Kendon style, first, the upper side of the tile 5 is inserted deeply behind the upper holding piece 3b of the upper locking piece 3, and the lower side of the tile 5 is inserted. Is lifted higher than the upper end of the lower holding piece 4b of the lower locking piece 4, and then the lower side is moved downward beyond the upper end of the lower holding piece 4b to lower the lower holding piece 4b. It is set as a mounting state on the lower overhanging piece 4a. As described above, the vertical length of the lower holding piece 4b of the lower locking piece 4 is shorter than the joint width, and the vertical length of the upper holding piece 3b of the upper locking piece 3 is shorter than the joint width. Since the length of the upper holding piece 3b is about 2.5 times the length of the lower holding piece 4b, the upper side of the tile 5 is the upper holding piece in the above state. It is located behind the holding piece 3b and is in a state of being locked by the upper locking piece 3 and the lower locking piece 4.

  The composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel of Example 1 is prepared in a state where the joint is not filled with the joint material as described above, and is applied to the wall surface w in the tunnel in various modes such as direct tension and floating tension. It can be attached using corresponding attachment means.

Here, as an example, an example will be described in which the wall surface w in the tunnel is directly attached to the wall surface w in the tunnel with reference to FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).
Three kinds of attachment means and one kind of auxiliary means are used as attachment means.

  One of the attachment means is an upper attachment means 7 for simultaneously supporting adjacent upper corners of two composite panels adjacent to the left and right, a base metal fitting 7a for fixing to the wall surface w of the tunnel, and fixing this to the wall surface w. It consists of an eccentric plug 7b, a cushion piece 7c, and a holding piece 7d that simultaneously suppresses the front surfaces of the adjacent upper corners of the composite panels on both sides.

As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the base metal fitting 7a includes a mounting plate 7a1 that joins to the wall surface w around the upper middle part of two composite panels adjacent to the left and right, and a horizontal bent at a right angle from its upper end. It consists of a piece 7a2 and a mounting piece 7a3 extending upward from its tip.
As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the eccentric plug 7b is composed of a plug portion 7b1 and a screw portion 7b2, and is inserted until the plug portion 7b1 is buried in the prepared hole, and then the screw portion 7b2 can be screwed and fixed. It is what I did.

The cushion piece 7c is a plate-like elastic member joined to the lower surface of the horizontal piece.
The restraining piece 7d is a plate-like member 7d1 whose lower part is in contact with the front surfaces of the upper corners of both composite panels adjacent to the left and right, and the upper part is the front surface of the mounting piece 7a3 of the base metal fitting 7a. And a fixing portion 7d2 for fixing to the mounting piece 7a3 with screws.

Two of the attachment means are lower attachment means 8 for simultaneously supporting adjacent lower corners of two composite panels adjacent to the left and right, and are fixed to the wall surface w of the tunnel and simultaneously receive the lower corners of the composite panels on both sides. It consists of a receiving metal fitting 8a, an eccentric plug 8b for fixing it to the wall surface w, and a cushion piece 8c.
The receiving metal 8a extends from the lower part of the mounting plate 8a1 joined to the wall surface w, receives the lower corners of the adjacent composite panels at the same time, and rises from the front end of the receiving part 8a2. It is comprised with the standing piece 8a3.
The eccentric plug 8b has the same configuration as the eccentric plug 7b, and includes a plug portion 8b1 and a screw portion 8b2.
The cushion piece 8c is a plate-like elastic member disposed on the receiving portion 8a2.

Three of the attachment means are intermediate attachment means 9 for simultaneously supporting the adjacent sides in the height direction intermediate portion of the two composite panels adjacent to the left and right, and simultaneously supporting the side portions of the intermediate portions of the two adjacent composite panels. The intermediate holding portion 9a to be supported and the eccentric plug 9b for fixing the intermediate holding portion 9a to the wall surface w are configured.
The intermediate holding portion 9a is bent to the front side of the corresponding composite panel from the bottom plate portion 9a1, the two side plate portions 9a2 and 9a2 extending forward from both sides thereof, and the two side plate portions 9a2 and 9a2. The front holding pieces 9a3 and 9a3 extend.
The eccentric plug 9b has the same configuration as the eccentric plugs 7b and 8b, and includes a plug portion 9b1 and a screw portion 9b2.

  The auxiliary means is a cushion plate 10 disposed between the back surface of the composite panel and the wall surface w of the tunnel.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel according to the first embodiment is attached to the wall surface w of the tunnel using the upper mounting means 7, the lower mounting means 8, the intermediate mounting means 9 and the cushion plate 10. be able to.

  As described above and as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the lower part of the composite panel receives the lower corners of two adjacent composite panels simultaneously with the receiving bracket 8a of the lower mounting means 8, and The mounting plate is fixed to the wall surface w by the eccentric plug 8b, thereby fixing the lower mounting means 8 to the wall surface w. The eccentric plug 8b is formed by embedding the plug part in two prepared holes opened in the wall surface w behind the wall corresponding to the attachment position of the attachment plate, and screwing the screw part. Fix it.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the upper portion of the composite panel is attached by fixing the base metal fitting 7a of the upper attachment means 7 to the wall surface w with an eccentric plug 7b. The fixing portion of the holding piece 7d is attached to the attachment piece of the base metal piece 7a, and the front surface of the upper corner portion of both composite panels adjacent to the left and right is held by the plate-like portion below the holding piece 7d. The eccentric plug 7b has its plug portion embedded in pilot holes opened at two positions behind the mounting plate, and the screw portion is screwed to fix the mounting plate to the wall surface w.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the height direction intermediate part of the two composite panels adjacent to the left and right is arranged between the two composite panels with the bottom of the intermediate holding part 9a. Then, the bottom portion is fixed to the wall surface w by the eccentric plug 9b, and the front sides of the composite panels on both sides are restrained by front restraining pieces that extend laterally from the front ends of both side plate portions that extend forward from both sides. The eccentric plug 9b has its plug portion embedded in a pilot hole opened at one place behind the bottom portion, and the screw portion is screwed to fix the bottom portion to the wall surface w.

  It should be noted that a plurality of cushion plates 10 are appropriately disposed between the back surface of the composite panel and the wall surface w as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). This can be fixed in place by adhesively bonding the front surface of the wall surface w or the back surface of the composite panel with an adhesive.

  Thereafter, the joint material between the adjacent tiles 5 and 5 of each composite panel is filled. In Example 1, since the wall surface w on which the composite panel is installed is not curved, the composite panel is not bent. Therefore, in the first embodiment, there is no inconvenience even if the joint material between the tiles 5 and 5 is previously filled with the joint material. However, as in the first embodiment, the joint material is used so as to cope with various cases. It is appropriate to install the composite panel on the wall surface w of the tunnel.

  Thus, the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel according to the first embodiment can be easily and reliably attached to the wall surface w of the tunnel. And according to this mounting method of the composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel of Example 1, there are six corners on the upper side corners, the lower side corners, and the height direction middle side on both sides and a plurality of back sides (cushion plates). 10), the panel body 1 and the metal substrate 2 (the metal substrate 2 is located through the tile 5 of the corresponding part) at the same time, and the wall surface w of the tunnel. The support is fixed.

  Therefore, if the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel according to the first embodiment is attached to the wall surface w in the tunnel as described above, there is no possibility that the panel body 1 and the metal substrate 2 are peeled off. Moreover, such an attachment method does not particularly increase the number of attachment points. Thus, the fixed state of the panel main body 1 and the metal substrate 2 is ensured, and on the other hand, the tiles 5, 5,... Are securely held by the metal substrate 2. There is almost no possibility of the tiles 5, 5.

  Moreover, according to the composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel of the first embodiment, after the composite panel is attached to the wall surface w in the tunnel, the gravel or the like bounced during the traveling of the automobile or a part of the automobile comes into contact. Thus, when some of the tiles 5 are damaged, only the some of the tiles 5 can be replaced. Therefore, the replacement of some tiles 5 is impossible, and the work is simpler and more economical than the case where the entire tile 5 must be removed and replaced.

  When only a part of the tiles 5 is exchanged in this way, the joint material around the target tile 5 is removed, the tile 5 can be moved, and if this is lifted as necessary, The lower end of the lower locking piece 4 can be pulled up higher than the upper end of the lower holding piece 4b and can be pulled out beyond the upper end. If the tile 5 is pulled down after the lower end is pulled out beyond the upper end of the lower holding piece 4b, the upper end can also be lowered below the lower end of the upper holding piece 3b of the upper locking piece 3, The target tile 5 that is damaged can be removed from the upper locking piece 3.

  If the target tile 5 is severely damaged and cracked in a large number, the pieces of the tile 5 remaining in the composite panel are removed, and the joint material around the tile 5 is removed.

  After the damaged tile 5 is removed from the composite panel in this way, a new tile 5 is attached to the position of the metal substrate 2. Since it is a Kendon type, in that procedure, that is, the upper end side of the new tile 5 is inserted deeply behind the upper holding piece 3 b of the upper locking piece 3, and the lower end is placed in the lower holding position of the lower locking piece 4. Lifting above the upper end of the holding piece 4b, then moving it to the upper inside of the lower holding piece 4b, lowering it, and inserting the lower end into the inner side of the lower holding piece 4; Let it be in a state of being placed on 4a.

  At this time, the upper end of the tile 5 is positioned below the upper overhanging piece 3a of the upper locking piece 3, but is positioned inside the upper holding piece 3b. It will be in the state latched by the lower latching piece 4. FIG. After this, the joint is filled again with joint material, so that the movement of the newly installed tile 5 can be prevented and the removal can be prevented.

<Example 2>
The composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel according to the second embodiment is different only in that a metal substrate 12 different from the metal substrate 2 according to the first embodiment is used, and the metal substrate 12 is provided with a coupling protrusion 11 only. Different from 2. Therefore, only this point and the difference in the function and effect of the composite panel of Example 2 due to this point will be described below.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (d), the metal substrate 12 of the second embodiment has the coupling protrusions 11 protruding from the upper sides of the six openings 12a immediately below the upper end thereof. The coupling protrusions 11 are protruded from the lower sides of the four openings 12a directly above the lower end. Each of the coupling protrusions 11 includes an overhanging portion 11a that protrudes with a protruding dimension corresponding to the thickness of the panel main body 1, and an engagement piece 11b that bends and extends from the tip of the overhanging portion 11a to the rear side of the panel main body 1. It is composed of. Needless to say, those of the engagement pieces 11b are directed downwards just below the upper end of the metal substrate 12, and are directed upwards just above the lower end.

  Therefore, according to the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of Example 2, the upper and lower ends of the panel body 1 are held by the coupling protrusions 11, 11... As shown in FIGS. Therefore, the connection between the panel body 1 and the metal substrate 12 is ensured. For this reason, when the composite panel is attached to the wall surface w of the tunnel, the metal substrate 12 is not likely to drop off from the panel body 1 even if an attachment means that is coupled only to the panel body 1 is employed.

  In the second embodiment, only the type having the upper and lower ends of the panel main body 1 is shown as the coupling protrusion 11. However, the panel main body 1 is formed into a plate shape in advance and this is connected to the metal substrate 12. When a paste-like material is disposed behind the metal substrate 12 and hardened without being bonded and fixed, the metal substrate 12 and the panel body 1 are embedded in the paste. It can also be configured to be of the type that seeks to be coupled with.

<Example 3>
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of Example 3 is basically a rectangular plate-like panel body 1 and a metal substrate 22 fixed on the front surface of the panel body 1. , And a plurality of tiles (plate members) 5, 5, and the like held on the front surface of the metal substrate 22 by being locked by the upper locking pieces 23, 23... And the lower locking pieces 24, 24. It is composed.

  The composite panel of Example 3 is different only in that a metal substrate 22 different from the metal substrate 2 used in the composite panel of Example 1 is used. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, only this point (configuration of the metal substrate 22 including the upper locking pieces 23, 23... And the lower locking pieces) and the operation and effect thereof will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10A to 10F, the metal substrate 22 is a vertically long rectangular plate member corresponding to the panel main body 1, and has a substantially quadrilateral opening 22a, A large number of openings 22a. A large number of openings 22a, 22a... Are formed in order to reduce the overall weight and when an adhesive is used, the tiles 5, 5... The purpose is to make it good.

  The upper locking pieces 23, 23... And the lower locking pieces 24, 24... Are arranged on the metal substrate 22 corresponding to the dimensions of the tiles 5, 5. Is.

  In the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the tiles 5, 5... Are arranged on the front surface side of the panel body 1, that is, on the front surface of the metal substrate 22, so that two tiles are arranged in the lateral direction. A large number of them are arranged at regular intervals in the vertical direction. In other words, the tiles 5, 5,... Are arranged in two columns in the vertical direction. Therefore, the upper locking pieces 23, 23... And the lower locking pieces 24, 24... Support the two upper portions and the two lower portions of the tiles 5, 5. It is arranged. Needless to say, the upper side of each tile 5, 5... Is supported by two upper locking pieces 23, 23, and the lower side is supported by two lower locking pieces 24, 24.

  In the third embodiment, the two upper locking pieces 23, 23 are positioned so as to support a position about 1/7 of the length of the upper side from one end or the other end of the upper side of the tiles 5, 5,. The two lower locking pieces 24, 24 are also positioned so as to support a position of about 1/7 of the length of the lower side from one end or the other end of the lower side of the tile 5, 5,. .

  In the third embodiment, the upper locking pieces 23 described above project forward from the metal substrate 22 as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b) and FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (f). The upper overhanging piece 23a and the upper holding piece 23b bent downward from the tip of the upper overhanging piece 23a are configured, and each of the lower locking pieces 24 is a lower overhanging projecting forward from the metal substrate 22. It comprises a protruding piece 24a and a lower holding piece 24b bent upward from the tip of the lower overhanging piece 24a.

  The upper overhanging pieces 23 a of the upper locking pieces 23, 23... Are projected from the upper side of the corresponding opening 22 a formed in the metal substrate 22, particularly as shown in FIGS. The opening 22a is determined in position and dimension so that the position thereof is appropriate. As shown in FIG. 10 (f), the lower protruding piece 24a of the lower locking pieces 24, 24... Is bent and formed in a protruding state from the lower side of the other opening 22a directly below. Similarly, the position 22a is determined in position and dimension so that the position is appropriate.

  The upper and lower intervals between the upper locking pieces 23, 23... And the lower locking pieces 24, 24... Naturally correspond to the vertical dimensions of the tiles 5, 5.. Then, the distance between the former upper projecting piece 23a and the latter lower projecting piece 24a is slightly larger than the vertical dimension of the tiles 5, 5,... The tiles 5, 5,... Can be slidably inserted from the side between the protruding pieces 24a, and the inserted tiles 5, 5,.

  The metal substrate 22, the upper locking pieces 23, 23,... And the lower locking pieces 24, 24,.

  The composite panel for a wall surface of the tunnel of Example 3 is bonded to the back side of the metal substrate 22 with an adhesive on one surface of the panel body 1 in the same manner as that of Example 1, The tiles 5, 5... Are mounted on the front side through the upper locking pieces 23, 23... And the lower locking pieces 24, 24. Fills the joint material after attaching the composite panel to the wall surface w in the tunnel. This is because, as described above, if the joint material is previously filled with the joint material, it cannot be bent according to the curve of the wall surface w of the tunnel.

  As described above, the tiles 5, 5... Are attached to the upper protruding pieces 23a, 23a of the corresponding upper locking pieces 23, 23, and the lower protruding pieces of the lower locking pieces 24, 24, respectively. 24a, 24a... By inserting from the side. In this way, the tiles 5, 5... Are respectively slid between the upper overhanging pieces 23a, 23a... And the lower overhanging pieces 24a, 24a. When the upper locking pieces 23 and 23 and the lower locking pieces 24 and 24 are positioned at approximately 1/7 of the lateral length from the side, the slide approach operation is stopped. The tiles 5, 5... Are thus held in this position, that is, in the positions shown in FIGS.

  The composite panel for the wall surface of the tunnel of Example 3 is prepared in a state where the joint is not filled with the joint material as described above, and in various modes such as direct tension and floating tension on the wall surface w in the tunnel, And it can attach using the corresponding attachment means. After the attachment, the joint material is filled into the joint. This is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment including the attaching means. However, in the third embodiment, the tiles 5, 5... Are held by the upper locking pieces 23, 23... And the lower locking pieces 24, 24. The tiles 5, 5. Therefore, if this is possible due to other conditions, the joint may not be filled with joint material. In the case of the third embodiment, when some of the tiles 5 are damaged, it is difficult to replace only the tiles 5, and the composite panel in which some of the tiles 5 are damaged is replaced. Will do.

  The composite panel for tunnel wall according to the present invention can be effectively used in the field of manufacturing civil engineering members and the field of civil engineering.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Panel main body 2 Metal substrate 2a Opening part 3 Upper locking piece 3a Upper overhanging piece 3b Upper holding piece 4 Lower locking piece 4a Lower overhanging piece 4b Lower holding piece 5 Tile (plate member)
7 Upper mounting means 7a Base metal fitting 7a1 Mounting plate 7a2 Horizontal piece 7a3 Mounting piece 7b Eccentric plug 7b1 Plug part 7b2 Screw part 7c Cushion piece 7d Holding piece 7d1 Plate member 7d2 Fixing part 8 Lower attachment means 8a2 Mounting plate 8a1 Receiving part 8a3 Standing piece 8b Eccentric plug 8b1 Plug part 8b2 Screw part 8c Cushion piece 9 Intermediate mounting means 9a Intermediate holding part 9a1 Bottom plate part 9a2 Side plate part 9a3 Front holding piece 9b Eccentric plug 9b1 Plug part 9b2 Screw part 10 Cushion Coupling protrusion 11a Overhang portion 11b Engagement piece 12 Metal substrate 12a Opening portion 22 Metal substrate 22a Opening portion 23 Upper locking piece 23a Upper overhanging piece 23b Upper holding piece 24 Lower locking piece 24a Lower overhanging piece 24b Lower portion Hug piece w Tunnel wall

Claims (6)

A rectangular plate-like panel body;
An upper locking piece for locking an upper portion and a lower portion of each plate member in accordance with the dimensional shape and arrangement of a plurality of plate members arranged on the front surface of the metal substrate fixed to the front surface of the panel body; A metal substrate with a lower locking piece;
The plurality of plate members that are locked and held by the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece on the front surface of the metal substrate, and
This is a composite panel for tunnel walls.   About the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece for locking the plurality of plate members, the upper locking piece and the metal substrate, and the lower locking piece and the metal substrate, respectively. The upper locking piece is composed of an upper projecting piece that projects forward from the metal substrate and an upper holding piece that is bent downward from the tip of the upper projecting piece, and The composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the lower locking piece is composed of a lower projecting piece projecting forward from the metal substrate and a lower holding piece bent upward from the tip of the lower projecting piece.   About the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece for locking the plurality of plate members, the plates by the upper locking piece and the metal substrate so that each of the plurality of plate members can be held in a Kendon type. The depth dimension capable of holding the upper part of the member is configured to be a depth dimension exceeding the depth dimension capable of holding the lower part of each plate member by the lower locking piece and the metal substrate. Composite panel for tunnel walls.   About the upper locking piece and the lower locking piece that lock the plurality of plate members, the distance between the upper overhanging piece of the upper locking piece and the lower overhanging piece of the lower locking piece that form a pair The composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the plate member is set to a distance dimension that allows the plate member to be slid from the side and can hold the inserted plate member without looseness.   The composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the metal substrate is made of a metal having one or both of antirust and anticorrosion properties.   The composite panel for a wall surface of a tunnel according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein a coupling protrusion for coupling with a panel body is formed on the metal substrate.

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