JP2012176727A - Moving blade - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a moving blade having a high driving force and having high blade shape retainability, to allow steering feedback control, and to provide steering function redundancy.SOLUTION: The moving blade 10 includes: flexible outer plates 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42 to form a blade surface; a plurality of girder structures 13, 23, 33, 43 connected in series in a direction from the base end to the tip end, at a variable relative angle to each other; oil chambers 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 provided on a blade surface side with respect to a joint between two adjacent girder structures, surrounded by the two girder structures and outer plates, and varying in capacity in response to a change in relative angle between the two girder structures; and hydraulic drive systems 81, 82, 83 for varying the relative angle by varying a hydraulic pressure in the oil chamber. Each joint is provided with a steering angle sensor 52a, 52b, 52c.

Description

  The present invention relates to a moving blade that changes the airfoil shape by bending the blade surface.

Conventionally, various forms have been proposed for a moving blade that changes the shape of a blade by bending the blade surface, a so-called morphing blade. Such a moving blade is applied to the leading edge portion, the trailing edge portion, and the like of the main wing, and can change the wing shape while maintaining a blade surface that is smoothly continuous from the main wing body.
Patent Documents 1-6 describe a moving blade that changes the airfoil.
In patent documents 3-6, the system which sends compressed air in a moving blade is employ | adopted.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-24878 JP 2010-173646 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-158896 JP-A-2-28098 JP-T-2002-516223 US Pat. No. 6,015,115

For morphing blades, the formation of blade outer plates that do not deviate from the ideal aerodynamic shape, and the realization of a drive mechanism and structure that can withstand aerodynamic loads are problems.
In addition, it is desirable that the feedback control of the steering is possible and that there is redundancy so that the entire steering function is not lost due to a partial failure.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems in the prior art described above, and is a moving blade that changes the blade shape by bending the blade surface, and has a high driving force and a high blade shape retaining property. The issue is to provide. It is another object of the present invention to enable steering feedback control and to provide redundancy of the steering function.

The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problems is made of an elastic material, and a flexible outer plate forming a blade surface;
A plurality of girder structures that support the outer plate and that are connected in a variable direction relative to each other from the proximal end to the distal direction,
It is provided on the wing surface side with respect to the connecting part of two adjacent girder structures, surrounded by the two girder structures and the outer plate, and the volume changes as the relative angle of the two girder structures changes. An oil chamber,
A hydraulic drive system that changes the relative angle by changing the hydraulic pressure of the oil chamber;
It is a moving blade provided with.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the moving blade according to claim 1, wherein the oil chamber is provided on both blade surface sides facing the connecting portions of two adjacent girder structures.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the outer plate is fixed to one girder structure of the girder structures, and is held by another girder structure adjacent to the one girder structure so as to be slidable in the blade surface direction. The moving blade according to claim 1 or claim 2.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a moving blade according to the first, second or third aspect, wherein a sensor for detecting a relative angle between the two girder structures is provided at a connecting portion between two adjacent girder structures. It is.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the hydraulic drive system includes a plurality of independent hydraulic drives, and the different hydraulic drive systems drive the oil chambers provided in the different connecting portions. It is a moving blade given in any one of them.

According to the present invention, by driving the oil chamber provided in the moving blade, the oil pressure of the oil chamber can be directly applied to the moving blade moving mechanism, and the blade shape can be maintained with high driving force. A high moving blade can be constructed. In order to secure a high driving force, there is no need to form a protruding portion such as a crank arm on the outer surface, and the blade can be made thin.
The relative angle at the connecting portion is detected, and based on this, feedback control of steering becomes possible.
In addition, since the plurality of girders are connected to each other in the direction from the proximal end to the distal end, their relative angles are driven. Steering at the connecting portion provides redundancy that does not impair as much as possible the entire steering function of the main blade.
Furthermore, by adopting a configuration in which a plurality of hydraulic drive systems independent from each other drive oil chambers provided in different connecting portions, even if some hydraulic drive systems fail or malfunction, other hydraulic drive systems By supplementing with the above, redundancy is provided such that the entire steering function of the main blade is not impaired as much as possible.

It is a perspective view of the moving blade which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a separation perspective view of a moving blade concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing about the AA line shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a detailed view of part B shown in FIG. 3. It is the simplification figure of the moving blade concerning one Embodiment of this invention, and the circuit diagram of a hydraulic drive system. It is a simplified diagram of a moving blade concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a simplified diagram of a moving blade concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a simplified diagram of a moving blade concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The following is one embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention.

The moving blade of the present embodiment is an example in which the moving blade of the present invention is attached to the rear edge portion using the fixed wing of an aircraft as a main wing.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the moving blade 10 of the present embodiment is connected to the movable portion 2 that is connected to the main wing 1, the movable portion 3 that is connected to the movable portion 2, and the movable portion 3. The movable portion 4 is provided, and the base end is placed on the main wing 1, and the three movable portions 2 to 4 are connected in the distal direction from the base end.

  The girder structure 13 is disposed at the rear edge portion of the main wing 1 and supports the rear edge portions of the upper and lower outer plates 11 and 12 of the main wing 1. The girder structure 13 includes a girder part 14, side wall parts 15, 15 coupled to both ends thereof, and bearing parts 16, 16,... Coupled to the outer surface of the girder part 14. The rear edge portions of the side wall portions 15, 15 extend rearward from the girder portion 14, and a hole portion 17 disposed coaxially with the bearing portion 16 is formed therein.

  The movable part 2 includes a girder structure 23 and outer plates 21 and 22. The outer plates 21 and 22 are flexible outer plates made of an elastic material and forming a blade surface. The girder structure 23 supports the upper and lower outer plates 21 and 22. The girder structure 23 includes a front end girder portion 24a and a base end side girder portion 24b, side wall portions 25, 25 coupled to both ends thereof, and bearing portions 26a, 26a,. And bearing portions 26b, 26b,... Coupled to the outer surface of the base end side beam portion 24b. The rear edge portions of the side wall portions 25, 25 extend rearward from the front end side beam portion 24a, and a hole portion 27a arranged coaxially with the bearing portion 26a is formed therein. The front edge portions of the side wall portions 25, 25 extend forward from the base end side beam portion 24b, and a hole portion 27b arranged coaxially with the bearing portion 26b is formed therein.

The bearing portion 26b of the movable portion 2 is disposed between the bearing portions 16 and 16 of the main wing 1 so that the rear edge portion of the side wall portion 15 and the front edge portion of the side wall portion 25 are slidably overlapped. The bearing portion 26b, the hole portion 17 and the hole portion 27b are arranged on the same axis, and the hinge pin 51 is inserted into these holes, whereby the movable portion 2 is hinge-connected to the main wing 1. The hinge pin 51 extends in a direction that is parallel to the blade surface formed by the outer plates 21 and 22 and is perpendicular to the connecting direction of the main wing 1 and the movable portion 2.
Further, a steering angle sensor 52a for detecting a relative angle between the two girder structures 13 and 23 is attached to a connecting portion between the two adjacent girder structures 13 and 23. The rudder angle sensor 52 a has an outer peripheral portion fixed to the side wall portion 15, an inner peripheral portion that rotates relative to the outer peripheral portion is fixed to the hinge pin 51, and the hinge pin 51 rotates integrally with the girder structure 23. By being fixed, it is equipped so that the relative angle of the girder structures 13 and 23 can be detected. The steering angle sensor 52a is configured to output a signal corresponding to the relative phase between the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion thereof.

The upper oil chamber 61 and the lower oil chamber 62 are formed by the connection between the main wing 1 and the movable portion 2 described above.
The upper oil chamber 61 is provided on the upper blade surface side, that is, on the upper outer plate 21 side with respect to the connecting portion between the two adjacent girder structures 13 and 23. The upper oil chamber 61 is formed by being surrounded by the girder portions 14 and 24 b and the side wall portions 15 and 25 of the two girder structures 13 and 23, and the outer plate 21. Therefore, the volume changes as the relative angle of the two girder structures 13 and 23 changes.
The lower oil chamber 62 is provided on the lower blade surface side, that is, on the lower outer plate 22 side with respect to the connecting portion between the two adjacent girder structures 13 and 23. The lower oil chamber 62 is formed by being surrounded by the girder portions 14 and 24 b and the side wall portions 15 and 25 of the two girder structures 13 and 23, and the outer plate 22. Therefore, the volume changes as the relative angle of the two girder structures 13 and 23 changes. However, the volume of the upper oil chamber 61 and the volume of the lower oil chamber 62 change complementarily. That is, the volume of the upper oil chamber 61 is increased, the volume of the lower oil chamber 62 is decreased, and the movable part 2 is steered downward, while the volume of the upper oil chamber 61 is decreased and the volume of the lower oil chamber 62 is increased. Thus, the movable part 2 is steered upward.

  When connecting the main wing 1 and the movable portion 2 as described above, the oil chamber seal member 53 is disposed in the connecting portion. Thereby, the isolation between the upper oil chamber 61 and the lower oil chamber 62 can be made favorable.

The outer plates 21 and 22 are fixed to the girder structure 23, but are held to the girder structure 13 so as to be slidable in the blade surface direction. For this purpose, a slide holding part 7 is provided. Thereby, a smooth airfoil is formed and held.
The slide holding portion 7 has end portions projected inward of the outer plates 21 and 22 dropped into grooves formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the girder structure 23, and the outer plates 11 and 22 of the main wing 1 are placed thereon. 12 is configured to be covered and held. Further, a seal member 71 is provided between the girder structure 13 and the outer plate 21 (22), and a seal member 72 is provided between the outer plate 21 (22) and the outer plate 11 (12). The double seal members 71 and 72 can improve the airtightness of the outside of the oil chamber 61 (62).
As shown in the partial detail portion of FIG. 4, the end portion 73 that is convex on the inner side of the outer plates 21 and 22 is held in the groove 74, and the end portion 73 is the groove as shown in FIG. 4B. The slide range is limited by being regulated by the rear inner wall 74a and the front inner wall 74b. This suppresses deformation that adversely affects the aerodynamic characteristics of the wing such as the outer plates 21 and 22 locally bulging due to the negative pressure outside the wing.

The connection structure between the main wing 1 and the movable part 2, the structure of the rudder angle sensor and the oil chamber forming structure described above are the same as the connection part between the movable part 2 and the movable part 3, Adopted at the connecting part.
With respect to the movable portion 3, the upper and lower flexible outer plates 31 and 32, the girder structure 33, the distal side girder portion 34a, the proximal end girder portion 34b, the side wall portion 35, the bearing portions 36a and 36b, the side wall With respect to the connecting portion between the movable portion 2 and the movable portion 3, the rudder angle sensor is 52b, the upper oil chamber is 63, and the lower oil chamber is 64.
Regarding the movable part 4, the upper and lower flexible outer plates are 41 and 42, the girder structure is 43, the front end girder part is 44 a, the proximal end girder part is 44 b, the side wall part is 45, the bearing part is 46, and the side wall part 45. , The steering angle sensor is 52c, the upper oil chamber is 65, and the lower oil chamber is 66 with respect to the connecting portion between the movable portion 3 and the movable portion 4.

As shown in FIG. 5, the main blade 10 is equipped with hydraulic drive systems 81, 82, and 83 that change the relative angle by changing the oil pressure in the oil chamber.
The basic configurations of the hydraulic drive systems 81, 82, and 83 are the same. Typically, the hydraulic drive system 81 includes a reservoir 81a, a hydraulic pump 81b, and a servo valve 81c. The hydraulic oil stored in the reservoir 81a is pumped to the servo valve 83c by the hydraulic pump 81b. The servo valve 83c (1) shuts off, and (2) pressurizes the hydraulic oil into the upper oil chamber 61 and moves the lower oil chamber 62 through the lower oil chamber 62. Connected to the return path to the reservoir 81a, (3) The hydraulic oil is pressed into the lower oil chamber 62 and the upper oil chamber 61 is connected to the return path to the reservoir 81a. In the state of, adjust the press-fitting amount. In the state (2), when the pressure of the upper oil chamber 61 increases and the volume of the upper oil chamber 61 increases as the rudder angle changes, the volume of the lower oil chamber 62 decreases and the lower oil chamber 62 decreases. A part of the hydraulic oil is discharged to the reservoir 81a. In the state of (3), when the volume of the lower oil chamber 62 increases with the change in the steering angle due to the pressure in the lower oil chamber 62 increasing, the volume of the upper oil chamber 61 is reduced and the upper oil chamber 61 is reduced. A part of the hydraulic oil is discharged to the reservoir 81a.

As described above, the hydraulic drive system 81 is a drive system that changes the relative angle between the beam structure 13 and the beam structure 23 by changing the oil pressure in the oil chambers 61 and 62.
Similarly, the hydraulic drive system 82 is configured as a drive system that changes the relative angle between the girder structure 23 and the girder structure 33 by changing the oil pressure in the oil chambers 63 and 64. Similarly, the hydraulic drive system 83 is configured as a drive system that changes the relative angle between the girder structure 33 and the girder structure 43 by changing the oil pressure in the oil chambers 65 and 66. A part of the piping connected to the oil chamber in the hydraulic drive system is disposed in the main rotor blade 10, and the other components are disposed in appropriate places such as the main wing and the fuselage fuselage.

A control unit (not shown) for controlling the steering outputs a control signal to the drive circuit unit of the servo valve 81c while receiving the input of the detected steering angle from the steering angle sensor 52a. Feedback control is performed so that the difference between the target steering angle assigned to the angle (= the steering angle of the movable portion 2) and the detected steering angle of the steering angle sensor 52a converges to zero.
Further, the control unit outputs a control signal to the drive circuit unit of the servo valve 82c while receiving the detected steering angle input from the steering angle sensor 52b, and the relative angle between the girder structure 23 and the girder structure 33 (= the movable part 3). Feedback control is performed so that the difference between the target steering angle assigned to the steering angle) and the detected steering angle of the steering angle sensor 52b converges to zero.
Further, the control unit outputs a control signal to the drive circuit unit of the servo valve 83c while receiving the detected steering angle input from the steering angle sensor 52c, and the relative angle between the girder structure 33 and the girder structure 43 (= the movable part 4). Feedback control is performed so that the difference between the target steering angle assigned to the steering angle) and the detected steering angle of the steering angle sensor 52c converges to zero.

For example, the control unit neutralizes the hydraulic pressure balance between the upper oil chamber 61 and the lower oil chamber 62, the upper oil chamber 63 and the lower oil chamber 64, and the upper oil chamber 65 and the lower oil chamber 66. As shown in FIG. 6, a nominal angle is formed.
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the control unit pressurizes the upper oil chambers 61, 63 and 65 and depressurizes the lower oil chambers 62, 64 and 66 to steer the control surface as a whole.
If the target state is reached in any steering, the oil volume of each oil chamber is maintained as the shut-off state of (1), thereby suppressing deformation of the outer plate due to the aerodynamic load.
Further, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, the control unit individually controls the rudder angle of each of the movable units 2, 3, and 4 to form an arbitrary rudder surface shape during high-speed cruising and the like, and to optimize the aerodynamic characteristics. Plan

In addition, in the case of the steering control, the control unit is one in which steering is not effective or insufficient in any one or two of the movable units 2, 3 and 4 based on the detected steering angles of the steering angle sensors 52a, 52b and 52c. If it is determined that there is, a steering angle is assigned to many of the remaining movable parts, and steering is performed so as to achieve the necessary aerodynamic characteristics as much as possible.
As described above, since the plurality of girders structures are driven relative to each other in the direction from the proximal end to the distal end, it is possible to steer even when steering is impossible or insufficient at some connecting portions. Steering is performed at the connecting portion, so that the entire steering function of the moving blade 10 is not impaired as much as possible. Furthermore, by adopting a configuration in which a plurality of hydraulic drive systems 81, 82, 83 that are independent from each other are configured to drive oil chambers provided in different connecting portions, even if there is a failure or malfunction of some hydraulic drive systems, By supplementing with another hydraulic drive system, redundancy is provided such that the entire steering function of the main blade is not impaired as much as possible.

In the above embodiment, the moving blade of the present invention is provided at the trailing edge of the main blade, but the application part of the moving blade of the present invention is not limited, and the moving blade of the present invention is mounted on the leading edge of the blade. It may be applied to the blade side edge, the entire sub wing, or the like.
Moreover, in the above embodiment, although the movable part was connected by the pin hinge, it is sufficient if it connects by making a relative angle mutually variable. For example, instead of the pin hinge and the oil chamber seal member of the above embodiment, a plate-like member that is elastically repeatedly bendable that connects between the main wing and the movable part and between the movable part and the movable part is arranged to connect and move up and down. Isolation between oil chambers may be achieved.

1 Mother wing 2-4 Movable part 11, 12 Outer plate 13 Girder structure 14 Girder part 15 Side wall parts 21, 22 Outer plate 23 Girder structure 24a Front end side girder part 24b Base end side girder part 25 Side wall parts 31, 32 Outer plate 33 Girder structure 34a Tip side girder part 34b Base end side girder part 35 Side wall parts 41, 42 Outer plate 43 Girder structure 44a Tip side girder part 44b Base end side girder part 45 Side wall part 51 Hinge pins 52a, 52b, 52c Steering angle sensor 53 Oil Inter-chamber seal members 61, 63, 65 Upper oil chambers 62, 64, 66 Lower oil chamber 7 Slide holding portions 71, 72 Seal members 81, 82, 83 Hydraulic drive system

Claims (5)

A flexible outer plate made of an elastic material and forming a wing surface;
A plurality of girder structures that support the outer plate and that are connected in a variable direction relative to each other from the proximal end to the distal direction,
It is provided on the wing surface side with respect to the connecting part of two adjacent girder structures, surrounded by the two girder structures and the outer plate, and the volume changes as the relative angle of the two girder structures changes. An oil chamber,
A hydraulic drive system that changes the relative angle by changing the hydraulic pressure of the oil chamber;
With moving blades. 2. The moving blade according to claim 1, wherein the oil chambers are respectively provided on both blade surfaces facing the connecting portions of two adjacent girder structures. 3. The outer plate according to claim 1, wherein the outer plate is fixed to one girder structure of the girder structure, and is held by another girder structure adjacent to the one girder structure so as to be slidable in the blade surface direction. Moving blades. The moving blade according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a sensor for detecting a relative angle between the two girder structures is provided at a connecting portion between two adjacent girder structures. The said hydraulic drive system is provided with two or more mutually independent, The said different hydraulic drive system drives the said oil chamber provided in the said different connection part, The movement as described in any one of Claims 1-4. Wings.

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