JP2012171413A - Rolling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable smooth travel on rails having a small curvature radius without increasing the number of parts.SOLUTION: An axle unit 20 attached to a truck frame 11 includes a pair of wheels 21, an axle 22, a pair of shaft boxes 25 for rotatably supporting the axle, and a shaft spring 30 arranged between the truck frame and axle boxes. The shaft spring 30 includes a plurality of cylinders with a first shaft to be used as a center axis, and rubber that is arranged in a region between the plurality of cylinders and having a second shaft vertical to the first shaft and is not arranged in a region having a third shaft vertical to the first shaft and the second shaft. The region having the third shaft serves as a low-rigidity section. In this shaft spring 30, the first shaft is disposed along the vertical direction, and the third shaft A3 is arranged along a turning circle C. The shaft spring 30 serves as a turn allowance shaft spring 30a.

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle including a vehicle body and a carriage disposed at a lower portion of the vehicle body.

  As a railcar bogie, for example, there is a bogie described in Patent Document 1.

  The bogie includes a bogie frame attached to the lower portion of the vehicle body via an air spring, a pair of left and right wheels, a wheel shaft that connects the pair of wheels, and a pair of left and right axle boxes that rotatably support the wheel shaft, A shaft spring disposed between the bogie frame and the shaft box in the vertical direction.

  The shaft spring includes a plurality of cylinders centered on a reference first axis and a rubber disposed between the plurality of cylinders. The rubber is disposed between the adjacent cylinders in a region including the second axis perpendicular to the first axis, and disposed in a region including the third axis perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis. It has not been. The shaft spring is arranged so that the first axis is directed in the vertical direction, and the third axis, that is, the portion where no rubber is arranged is directed in the horizontal direction of the carriage frame, and the rigidity of the carriage frame in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is determined. And is relatively easily elastically deformed in this direction.

Japanese Patent No. 2951368

  By the way, in the bogie described in Patent Document 1, when the railway vehicle travels on the curved rail, the shaft spring passes through the middle of the pair of left and right wheels and extends around the virtual turning axis extending in the vertical direction. It is considered that the wheel and the wheel shaft can be steered by a slight deformation of the wheel and the like. However, as described above, although the shaft spring of the cart is relatively easily deformed elastically in the vertical direction and the left-right direction of the cart frame, the rigidity around the virtual turning axis is relatively high. No major deformation in the direction can be expected. For this reason, the cart described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it is difficult to travel on a rail having a small curve radius.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle that can smoothly travel on a rail having a small curve radius.

The railway vehicle according to the invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
In a railway vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a carriage disposed at a lower portion of the vehicle body, the carriage includes a carriage frame disposed at a lower portion of the vehicle body, and one or more attached to the carriage frame. A wheelset unit, the wheelset unit including a pair of left and right wheels, a wheel shaft that is a rotation shaft of each of the pair of wheels, a pair of shaft boxes that rotatably support the wheel shaft, and a first direction An axial spring disposed between the carriage frame and the axle box with the first direction oriented in a direction having a vertical component with respect to the axle box. The shaft spring of at least one of the one or more wheel shaft units is rigid in the front-rear direction perpendicular to the wheel shaft in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction and supported by the shaft box; and , Against the rigidity in the left-right direction in which the wheel shaft extends A turn permission axis spring direction rigidity is low along the imaginary pivot circle across the axial spring about a parallel pivot axis upper and lower direction, characterized in that

  In the railway vehicle, since the axial spring has low rigidity in the direction along the virtual turning circle, the wheel axis can be turned relatively easily around the turning axis of the virtual turning circle. For this reason, the angle at which the wheel shaft can turn is increased, that is, the difference in angle between the radial direction of the wheel and the direction in which the track extends is reduced, and the vehicle can smoothly travel on a rail having a small curve radius. Moreover, in the railway vehicle, the shaft spring for absorbing the relative movement of the wheel shaft in the vertical direction with respect to the bogie frame secures the turning performance of the wheel shaft, so the number of parts does not increase and the increase in manufacturing cost is suppressed. be able to.

  Here, in the railway vehicle, the turning allowable shaft spring has a high-rigidity portion having high rigidity and a low-rigidity portion lower than the rigidity of the high-rigidity portion in an in-plane direction perpendicular to the first direction. In addition, the low-rigidity portion may be arranged in a direction positioned on the circumference of the virtual turning circle. In this case, the pivot-allowing shaft spring includes a plurality of cylinders having a first axis extending in the first direction as a central axis, and a plurality of cylinders between the plurality of cylinders and perpendicular to the first axis. Rubber disposed in a region including two axes and not disposed in a region including a third axis perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis, and the region including the third axis is A low rigidity portion may be formed.

  Further, in the railway vehicle, the turning allowable shaft spring is disposed between the plurality of boundary plates arranged in parallel to each other at a predetermined interval in the first direction and the plurality of boundary plates. Rubber, and the first direction may be inclined with respect to the vertical direction, and the boundary plate may be disposed so as to face the direction along the virtual turning circle.

  In the rail vehicle, the turning shaft may be located on the wheel shaft and in the center of the direction in which the wheel shaft extends.

  The railway vehicle can travel on a rail having a smaller radius of curvature.

  Further, in the railway vehicle, a pair of the carriages are disposed with a space in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body with respect to the vehicle body, and are disposed outside the vehicle body in the front-rear direction as the wheel unit. You may have an outer side wheel shaft unit and the center side wheel shaft unit arrange | positioned at the center side in the front-back direction of this vehicle body.

Further, in the railway vehicle having the outer wheel axle unit and the central wheel axle unit,
Each of the outer wheel unit and the central wheel unit may have the turning allowable shaft spring. In this case, the swivel shaft of the outer wheel unit is located at a position near the center wheel unit from the wheel shaft of the outer wheel unit, and the swivel shaft of the center wheel unit is the center wheel shaft. The unit may be located at a location near the outer wheel unit from the wheel shaft.

  Even in the railway vehicle, each wheelset unit has a turning allowable shaft spring, so that it can travel on a rail having a small radius of curvature. Further, in the railway vehicle, with respect to the shaft spring of the center side wheel shaft, by arranging a region where the rubber of the shaft spring is not disposed in the wheel shaft direction, only the wheel shaft of the outer wheel shaft unit is turned along the rail shape. be able to. In this case, the vehicle can travel on a rail with a small radius of curvature, and can travel stably on a linear rail.

  Further, in the railway vehicle, the shaft spring of the outer wheel unit is the turning allowable shaft spring, and the shaft spring of the central wheel unit is centered on a turning shaft parallel to the vertical direction. The rigidity in the direction along the virtual turning circle across the center may be equal to or greater than the rigidity in the left-right direction in which the wheel shaft of the central wheel unit extends.

  In the railway vehicle, the wheel axle of the outer wheel axle unit can turn relatively easily, but the wheel axle of the central wheel axle unit hardly turns. For this reason, stable running can be performed on a rail having a small curve radius or on a linear rail.

  In the present invention, since the axial spring has low rigidity in the direction along the virtual turning circle, the wheel shaft can be turned relatively easily around the turning axis of the virtual turning circle. Therefore, according to this invention, it can drive | work smoothly also on a rail with a small curve radius. In the present invention, the shaft spring for absorbing the relative movement of the wheel shaft in the vertical direction with respect to the bogie frame secures the turning performance of the wheel shaft, so the number of parts does not increase and the increase in manufacturing cost is suppressed. Can do.

It is a top view of the bogie for rail vehicles in a first embodiment concerning the present invention. 1 is a side view of a railway vehicle carriage according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the bogie for rail vehicles in a first embodiment concerning the present invention. 1 is a schematic plan view of a railway vehicle in a first embodiment according to the present invention. It is a top view of the axial spring in 1st embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the VI-VI sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a top view of the bogie for rail vehicles in a second embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a side view of the railcar trolley | bogie in 2nd embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the axle box link in 2nd embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a top view of the bogie for rail vehicles in a third embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a side view of the railcar trolley | bogie in 3rd embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the axial spring in 3rd embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the bogie for rail vehicles in a fourth embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a side view of the railcar trolley | bogie in 4th embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the axial spring in 4th embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the bogie for rail vehicles in a fifth embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a side view of the bogie for rail vehicles in a fifth embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a top view of the bogie for rail vehicles in a 6th embodiment concerning the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state at the time of driving | running | working on the rail in which the rail vehicle in 6th embodiment which concerns on this invention is curving.

  Hereinafter, various embodiments of a railway vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

"First embodiment"
First, the railway vehicle as a first embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the railway vehicle according to the present embodiment includes a vehicle body 1 and a pair of carriages 10 that are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 1 below the vehicle body 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the bogie 10 includes a bogie frame 11 disposed at a lower portion of the vehicle body 1, an air spring 15 disposed between the bogie frame 11 and the vehicle body 1, and this air. And a wheelset unit 20 including a pair of left and right wheels attached to the carriage frame 11 so as to sandwich the spring 15 from the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 1. In the following, unless otherwise specified, when simply “vertical direction”, “front / rear direction”, and “left / right direction”, these directions indicate the vehicle body when the railway vehicle is horizontal and on a straight rail. The direction based on 1 is assumed to be indicated. That is, the “vertical direction” means a direction perpendicular to the track in the cross section orthogonal to the track extending direction, the “front-rear direction” means the track extending direction, "Means the width direction of the orbit.

  The carriage frame 11 includes a pair of left and right carriage frame side beams 12 extending in the front-rear direction, end lateral beams 13 connecting the pair of carriage frame side beams 12 at the front and rear direction ends, and a pair of carriage frame side beams 12. It has the intermediate cross beam 14 which connects both in the intermediate part of the front-back direction.

  The air spring 15 is disposed between the center portion in the front-rear direction of each of the pair of carriage frame side beams 12 and the vehicle body 1.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the wheelset unit 20 is arranged on the front side (outside) of the front carriage 10 with respect to the front carriage 10 among the pair of carriages 10 arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction. And the central wheel unit 20i disposed on the rear side (center side) of the front carriage 10, and with respect to the rear carriage 10, the rear side of the rear carriage 10 (outside) ) Arranged on the front side (center side) of the rear carriage 10 and a central side axle unit 20i arranged on the front side (center side) of the rear carriage 10. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the wheel unit 20 of one carriage 10 includes an outer wheel unit 20 o disposed on the outer side (left side in FIG. 1) of the carriage frame 11 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 1. There is a center-side wheel unit 20i disposed on the center side (right side in FIG. 1) of the carriage frame 11 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 1.

  Each wheelset unit 20 includes a pair of wheels 21, a wheel shaft 22 that connects the pair of wheels 21, a pair of left and right shaft boxes 25 that rotatably support the wheel shaft 22, a bogie frame 11, and a wheel box 25. And an axial spring 30 disposed between the two.

  The pair of left and right axle boxes 25 have overhang portions 26 that extend to the front side and the rear side perpendicular to the wheel axis 22 with respect to the wheel axis 22 supported by the axle box 25. Each overhang portion 26 is located below the carriage frame side beam 12. The shaft spring 30 is provided between the overhanging portion 26 on the front side of the axle box 25 and the carriage frame side beam 12 and between the overhanging portion 26 on the rear side of the axle box 25 and the carriage frame side beam 12. That is, two shaft springs 30 are provided for one axle box 25, and a total of eight shaft springs 30 are provided for one carriage 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, each shaft spring 30 of each wheelset unit 20 is disposed between a plurality of cylinders 31 having a first axis A <b> 1 serving as a reference as a central axis and a plurality of cylinders 31. And a rubber 32 as an elastic body. Each of the plurality of cylinders 31 is a surface parallel to the bottom surface of the cone, and forms a three-dimensional peripheral surface obtained by cutting the head of the cone.

  The rubber 32 is disposed in a region including a second axis A2 perpendicular to the first axis A1 in a direction perpendicular to the first axis A1, and is perpendicular to the first axis A1 and the second axis A2. It is not arranged in the region including the triaxial A3. In the shaft spring 30, a region where the rubber 32 is disposed forms a high rigidity portion 33, and a region where the rubber 32 is not disposed forms a low rigidity portion 34.

  The shaft spring 30 is arranged such that the first axis A1 is directed in the up-down direction and the third axis A3 is directed in the tangential direction of the turning circle C, and forms a turning allowable shaft spring 30a. Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the turning circle C is a circle that passes through the center of the wheel shaft 22 in the left-right direction and passes through the first axis A1 of the shaft spring 30 about the turning axis Ac extending in the up-down direction. It is.

  As mentioned above, since the 1st axis | shaft A1 has faced the up-down direction, since the 1st axis | shaft A1 has faced the turning permission axial spring 30a of this embodiment, the relative up-and-down movement of the axle box 25 with respect to the bogie frame 11 and the wheel shaft 22 supported by this axle box 25 is carried out. Can be absorbed.

  Further, the rigidity in the tangential direction of the turning circle C in the turning allowable shaft spring 30a is such that the third axis A3 faces the tangential direction of the turning circle C, and the low-rigidity portion 34, which is the region including the third axis A3, is turned in the turning circle. Since C crosses, it is smaller than the rigidity in the front-rear direction and the rigidity in the left-right direction of the turning allowable shaft spring 30a.

  Here, the front-rear direction of the turning allowable shaft spring 30 a is a direction perpendicular to the up-down direction with respect to the axle box 25, and a direction perpendicular to the wheel shaft 22 supported by the axle box 25. Further, the left-right direction of the turning allowable shaft spring 30a is a direction in which the wheel shaft 22 extends. In addition, the front-rear direction and the front-rear direction of the swivel allowable shaft spring 30a defined above are the same as those directions based on the vehicle body 1 when the railway vehicle is located on a straight rail. Become a direction. Also in other embodiments described below, the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the swing-allowing shaft spring have the meanings defined above.

  In this way, the tangential rigidity of the turning circle C in the turning allowable shaft spring 30a is smaller than the rigidity in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the turning allowable shaft spring 30a. The wheel shaft 22 attached to the carriage frame 11 via the axle box 25 can turn relatively easily around the turning axis Ac described above. Further, in this embodiment, when the wheel shaft 22 turns around the turning axis Ac, the wheel shaft 22 always receives an elastic force to return the turning from the rubber 32 of the turning allowable shaft spring 30a. .

  Therefore, in this embodiment, it can drive | work smoothly also on the rail of a small curve radius (for example, curve radius is 50 m).

  In the present embodiment, since the axle box 25 and the axle spring 30 for absorbing the vertical movement of the axle 22 supported by the axle box 25 ensure the turning performance of the axle 22 and the wheel 21, The number of parts does not increase, and an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, the third axis A3 of the shaft spring 30 is oriented in the tangential direction of the turning circle C. However, even if the third axis A3 is not accurately oriented in the tangential direction of the turning circle C, this first axis If the low-rigidity portion 34, which is a region including the three axes A3, is directed in the direction in which the turning circle C crosses, it is possible to smoothly travel on a rail having a small curve radius as described above.

"Second embodiment"
Next, a rail vehicle as a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the bogie 10b of the railway vehicle according to the present embodiment also includes the bogie frame 11 disposed at the lower portion of the vehicle body 1, the bogie frame 11 and the vehicle body 1 as in the first embodiment. An air spring 15 disposed between them and a wheelset unit 20b including a pair of left and right wheels 21 attached to the carriage frame 11 are provided. Further, the wheel shaft unit 20b includes an outer wheel shaft unit and a center wheel shaft unit as in the first embodiment.

  Each wheelset unit 20b includes a pair of wheels 21 described above, a wheel shaft 22 that couples the pair of wheels 21, a pair of left and right shaft boxes 25 that rotatably support the wheel shaft 22, a bogie frame 11 and a wheel box 25. And a shaft box link 27 that supports a pair of left and right shaft boxes 25 so as to be movable in the vertical direction.

  One end of the axle box link 27 is pin-coupled to one axle box 25, and the other end is pin-coupled to the intermediate transverse beam 14 of the carriage frame 11. The bogie frame side beam 12 is located above each axle box 25. That is, each axle box 25 to which one end of the axle box link 27 is pin-coupled is provided at the position of the carriage frame side beam 12 in the left-right direction. On the other hand, the intermediate horizontal beam 14 to which the other end of the axle box link 27 is pin-coupled is provided on the inner side in the left-right direction with respect to the pair of carriage frame side beams 12. For this reason, the axle box link 27 has an inclined portion 28 that inclines inward in the left-right direction of the carriage frame 11 as it goes from the axle box 25 toward the intermediate cross beam 14.

  As shown in FIG. 9, a spherical bush 29 is provided in each pin coupling portion of each axle box link 27 so that the other pin coupling portion can swing relatively around each pin coupling portion. It has become.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, there is one shaft spring 30 between the axle box 25 and the carriage frame side beam 12 and at the same position as the wheel shaft 22 supported by the axle box 25 in the front-rear direction. Is provided. That is, in the present embodiment, one shaft spring 30 is provided for one axle box 25, and a total of four shaft springs 30 are provided for one carriage 10b.

  Each axial spring 30 is the same axial spring 30 as in the first embodiment. In this axial spring 30, the first axis A1 is directed in the vertical direction and the third axis A3 is a turning circle C1 as in the first embodiment. Are arranged so as to face the tangential direction, and constitute a turning allowable shaft spring 30b. However, the swivel circle C1 in the present embodiment is a pin connection position between the shaft box link 27 of one of the pair of left and right axle box links 27 and the intermediate cross beam 14 of the axle box link 27. An extension line of a line connecting the positions, an extension line of a line connecting the pin coupling position of the other axle box link 27 to the axle box 25 and the pin coupling position of the axle box link 27 to the intermediate cross beam 14; Is a circle passing through the first axis A1 of the axial spring 30 with the pivot axis Ac1 extending in the vertical direction as the center.

  As described above, also in the present embodiment, the rigidity in the tangential direction of the turning circle C1 in the turning allowable shaft spring 30b is the low rigidity portion that is the region including the third axis A3 with the third axis A3 facing the tangential direction of the turning circle C1. Since the turning circle C1 crosses 34, the rigidity in the front and rear direction and the rigidity in the left and right direction of the turning allowable shaft spring 30b are smaller. For this reason, the wheel shaft 22 attached to the carriage frame 11 can turn relatively easily around the turning axis Ac1 via the turning allowable shaft spring 30b and the axle box 25. Therefore, even in this embodiment, the vehicle can smoothly travel even on a rail having a small curve radius (for example, the curve radius is 50 m).

  In this embodiment, since the radius of the turning circle C1 is larger than the radius of the turning circle C of the first embodiment, the curve radius of the rail that can travel smoothly is larger than that of the first embodiment.

"Third embodiment"
Next, a rail vehicle as a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the bogie 10 c of the railway vehicle according to the present embodiment also has a bogie frame 11, a bogie frame 11, a car body 1, And an axle unit 20c including a pair of left and right wheels 21 attached to the bogie frame 11. Also, the wheel unit 20c includes an outer wheel shaft unit and a center wheel shaft unit, as in the above embodiments.

  Each wheelset unit 20c includes a pair of wheels 21 described above, a wheel shaft 22 that connects the pair of wheels 21, a pair of left and right shaft boxes 25 that rotatably support the wheel shaft 22, a carriage frame 11, and a wheel box 25. And an axial spring 35 disposed between the two.

  Each of the pair of left and right axle boxes 25 has an isosceles trapezoidal shape with the bottom side being the bottom side, that is, the side 25h on the end side in the vehicle width direction on the surface facing the track in a side view (FIG. 11). Even in a plan view (FIG. 10), it forms an isosceles trapezoidal shape with the side on the side in the left-right direction, that is, the side 25 g at the end in the vehicle width direction on the top surface as the base. In this axle box 25, the surface including the isosceles sides in the side view and the isosceles sides in the plan view forms the shaft spring receiving surface 26c. That is, two inclined shaft spring receiving surfaces 26c are formed in one axle box 25. These shaft spring receiving surfaces 26c are inclined so as to be directed to either one of the front and rear directions in the plan view of the carriage 10c and to the one of the front and rear directions, and in a side view of the carriage 10c. As it goes to either one of the front and rear directions, it is inclined to go to either one of the up and down directions.

  Although the carriage frame side beam 12 exists above the axle box 25, the position in the left-right direction is different from that of the axle box 25. A shaft spring receiving surface 12 c parallel to each shaft spring receiving surface 26 c of the axle box 25 is formed on the carriage frame side beam 12.

  A shaft spring 35 is disposed between each shaft spring receiving surface 26 c of the shaft box 25 and each shaft spring receiving surface 12 c of the carriage frame side beam 12. That is, in this embodiment, two shaft springs 35 are provided for one axle box 25, and a total of eight shaft springs 35 are provided for one carriage 10c.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the shaft springs 35 of the respective wheelset units 20 c are arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval in the first direction in which the reference first shaft A <b> 1 extends. Boundary plate 36 and rubber 37 as an elastic body disposed between the plurality of boundary plates 36. The shaft spring 35 has the highest rigidity in the first direction, and the rigidity in each direction of the surface perpendicular to the first direction is substantially the same as each other and lower than the rigidity in the first direction.

  Among the plurality of boundary plates 36 of the shaft spring 35, the boundary plate 36 on one end side in the first direction is attached to the shaft spring receiving surface 26c of the shaft box 25, and the boundary on the other end side in the first direction. The plate 36 is attached to the shaft spring receiving surface 12 c of the carriage frame side beam 12. Therefore, the first axis A1 of the shaft spring 35 is inclined so as to go to either the front-rear direction as it goes to the left-right direction in the plan view of the carriage 10c, and the side surface of the carriage 10c. In view, it is inclined to go to either one of the up and down directions as it goes to one of the front and rear directions.

  For this reason, in a state in which the shaft spring 35 is attached, all the boundary plates 36 in the shaft spring 35 are either in the front-rear direction or toward the left-right direction in the plan view of the carriage 10c. It inclines toward one of them and faces the direction along the turning circle C. More precisely, the intersection of one of the points on the boundary plate 36 of the shaft spring 35 and the turning circle C is substantially the contact point of the turning circle C. Here, the turning circle C is a circle that passes through the center of the wheel shaft 22 in the left-right direction and crosses the shaft spring 35 about the turning axis Ac that extends in the up-down direction.

  The shaft spring 35 is tilted as described above to form a swivel allowable shaft spring 35c. The swivel allowable shaft spring 35c has substantially the same rigidity in the vertical direction, the front-rear direction, and the left-right direction. The rigidity in the direction along C is lower than the rigidity in the vertical direction, the front-rear direction, and the left-right direction. Therefore, the wheel shaft 22 attached to the bogie frame 11 can turn relatively easily around the turning axis Ac via the turning allowable shaft spring 35c and the axle box 25. Therefore, even in this embodiment, the vehicle can smoothly travel on a rail with a small curve radius.

"Fourth embodiment"
Next, a rail vehicle as a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the bogie 10d of the railway vehicle according to the present embodiment also has the bogie frame 11, the bogie frame 11, and the car body 1 disposed at the lower part of the car body 1, as in the above embodiments. And an axle unit 20 d including a pair of left and right wheels 21 attached to the carriage frame 11. The wheel unit 20d also includes an outer wheel shaft unit and a center wheel shaft unit, as in the above embodiments.

  Each wheel unit 20d includes a pair of wheels 21 described above, a wheel shaft 22 that couples the pair of wheels 21, a pair of left and right shaft boxes 25 that rotatably support the wheel shaft 22, a carriage frame 11, and a wheel box 25. And an axial spring 35 disposed between the two.

  As with the third embodiment, the pair of left and right axle boxes 25 is an isosceles base having a bottom side 25h on the side in the vehicle width direction on the bottom side, that is, the side facing the track, in the side view (FIG. 14). In the plan view (FIG. 13), an isosceles trapezoidal shape with the side on the left and right sides, that is, the side 25g of the end in the vehicle width direction on the upper surface as the bottom is formed. In this axle box 25, a surface including the isosceles sides in the side view and including the isosceles sides in the plan view forms a shaft spring receiving surface 26d. That is, also in this embodiment, one axle box 25 is formed with two inclined shaft spring receiving surfaces 26d. These shaft spring receiving surfaces 26d are inclined so as to be directed to either one of the front and rear directions in the plan view of the carriage 10d and to the one of the front and rear directions. As it goes to either one of the front and rear directions, it is inclined to go to either one of the up and down directions.

  Unlike the third embodiment, the carriage frame side beam 12 exists above the axle box 25, and the position in the left-right direction is the same as that of the axle box 25. A shaft spring receiving surface 12 d parallel to each shaft spring receiving surface 26 d of the axle box 25 is formed on the carriage frame side beam 12.

  A shaft spring 35 is disposed between each shaft spring receiving surface 26 d of the shaft box 25 and each shaft spring receiving surface 12 d of the carriage frame side beam 12. That is, in this embodiment, two shaft springs 35 are provided for one axle box 25, and a total of eight shaft springs 35 are provided for one carriage 10d.

  Each shaft spring 35 of each wheelset unit 20d is the same as the shaft spring 35 of the third embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, although the plurality of boundary plates 36 are parallel to each other, the boundary plate 36 and the boundary plate 36 positioned at one end in the first direction The adjacent boundary plate 36 is translated in a parallel direction by a predetermined distance, and the adjacent boundary plate 36 is further moved in parallel in the same direction by a predetermined distance. In addition, the adjacent boundary plates 36 are translated in the same direction by a predetermined distance. For this reason, in the shaft spring 35 of the third embodiment, the first axis A1 perpendicular to the boundary plate 36 is an axis inclined with respect to the boundary plate 36.

  Among the plurality of boundary plates 36 of the shaft spring 35, the boundary plate 36 on one end side in the first direction is attached to the shaft spring receiving surface 26d of the shaft box 25, and the boundary on the other end side in the first direction. The plate 36 is attached to the shaft spring receiving surface 12 d of the carriage frame side beam 12. For this reason, the first axis A1 of the shaft spring 35 is directed in the front-rear direction in the plan view of the carriage 10d, and as viewed in the side view of the carriage 10d, the first axis A1 extends in the up-down direction. It is inclined to go to either one. Therefore, each boundary plate 36 inclined to the first axis A1 is inclined so as to go to one of the front and rear directions as it goes to either one of the left and right directions in the plan view of the carriage 10d. It faces the same direction as the turning circle C as in the embodiment.

  The shaft spring 35 is inclined as described above to form a turning allowable shaft spring 35d, and the rigidity in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction of the carriage frame 11 is substantially the same, and the direction of the direction along the turning circle C is the same. The rigidity is lower than the rigidity of the bogie frame 11 in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction. For this reason, the wheel shaft 22 attached to the bogie frame 11 can turn relatively easily around the turning axis Ac via the turning allowable shaft spring 35d and the axle box 25. Therefore, even in this embodiment, the vehicle can smoothly travel on a rail with a small curve radius.

"Fifth embodiment"
Next, a railway vehicle as a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17.

  As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the bogie 10 e of the railway vehicle according to the present embodiment also has a bogie frame 11, a bogie frame 11, a car body 1, And an axle unit 20e including a pair of left and right wheels 21 attached to the bogie frame 11. The wheel unit 20e also includes an outer wheel unit and a center wheel unit, as in the above embodiments.

  Each wheelset unit 20e includes a pair of wheels 21 described above, a wheel shaft 22 that couples the pair of wheels 21, a pair of left and right shaft boxes 25 that rotatably support the wheel shaft 22, a carriage frame 11, and a wheel box 25. And an axial spring 35 disposed between the two.

  As in the fourth embodiment, the pair of left and right axle boxes 25 have an isosceles trapezoidal shape with the bottom side being the lower side, that is, the side 25i on the end side in the vehicle width direction on the surface facing the track in a side view (FIG. 17). There is no. On the other hand, the pair of left and right axle boxes 25 have a parallelogram shape in plan view (FIG. 16) unlike the fourth embodiment. The surface including the isosceles sides in the side view and the sides parallel to each other in the plan view forms a shaft spring receiving surface 26e. In other words, in the present embodiment, one shaft box 25 is formed with two shaft spring receiving surfaces 26e that are parallel to each other and inclined. These shaft spring receiving surfaces 26e are inclined so as to go to either one of the front and rear directions as they go to one of the left and right directions in a plan view of the carriage 10d, and in a side view of the carriage 10d, As it goes to either one of the front and rear directions, it is inclined to go to either one of the up and down directions.

  The carriage frame side beam 12 exists above the axle box 25, and the position in the left-right direction is the same as that of the axle box 25. A shaft spring receiving surface 12 e parallel to each shaft spring receiving surface 26 e of the axle box 25 is formed on the carriage frame side beam 12. The shaft spring receiving surfaces 12e of the carriage frame side beam 12 are also parallel to each other.

  A shaft spring 35 is disposed between each shaft spring receiving surface 26 e of the shaft box 25 and each shaft spring receiving surface 12 e of the carriage frame side beam 12. That is, also in this embodiment, two shaft springs 35 are provided for one axle box 25, and a total of eight shaft springs 35 are provided for one carriage 10e.

  Each shaft spring 35 of each wheelset unit 20e is the same as the shaft spring 35 of the fourth embodiment.

  Among the plurality of boundary plates 36 of the shaft spring 35, the boundary plate 36 on one end side in the first direction is attached to the shaft spring receiving surface 26e of the shaft box 25, and the boundary on the other end side in the first direction. The plate 36 is attached to the shaft spring receiving surface 26e of the carriage frame side beam 12. For this reason, the first axis A1 of the shaft spring 35 faces in the front-rear direction in the plan view of the carriage 10e, and as seen in the side view of the carriage 10e, it moves in the up-down direction. It is inclined to go to either one. Further, in the present embodiment, the boundary plate 36 of the two shaft springs 35 disposed between the two shaft spring receiving surfaces 26e of the axle box 25 and the shaft spring receiving surface 12e of the carriage frame side beam 12 is Unlike the fourth embodiment, they are parallel to each other.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, each boundary plate 36 inclined to the first axis A1 is directed to either the front-rear direction or the front-rear direction in the plan view of the carriage 10e. It inclines and faces the direction along the turning circle C2. Here, the turning circle C2 is a line extending in the front-rear direction passing through the center of the wheel shaft 22 in the left-right direction, and is vertically moved at an intermediate point between the wheel shaft 22 of the outer wheel unit 20e and the wheel shaft 22 of the center-side wheel unit 20e. It is a circle that traverses these axial springs 35 around the pivot axis Ac2 extending in the direction.

  The shaft spring 35 is inclined as described above to form a turning allowable shaft spring 35e, and the rigidity in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction of the carriage frame 11 is substantially the same, and the direction of the direction along the turning circle C2 is the same. The rigidity is lower than the rigidity of the bogie frame 11 in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction. For this reason, the wheel shaft 22 attached to the carriage frame 11 can turn relatively easily around the turning axis Ac2 via the turning allowable shaft spring 35e and the axle box 25. Therefore, even in this embodiment, the vehicle can smoothly travel on a rail with a small curve radius.

  In this embodiment, since the radius of the turning circle is larger than that of the fourth embodiment, the curve radius of the rail that can travel smoothly is larger than that of the fourth embodiment.

  In the third to fifth embodiments described above, the boundary plate 36 of the shaft spring 35 is disposed so as to face the direction along the turning circle. In this case, the boundary plate 36 is directed along the turning circle. The boundary plate 36 has an angle of 0 to ± 45 ° with respect to the tangential direction at the intersection of the line passing through any point on the boundary plate 36 and the turning axis and the turning circle C2. It is made.

  In addition, each of the railway vehicles of the above embodiments is provided with two carriages 10 for one vehicle body 1, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to a vehicle body 1 in which only one carriage 10 is provided. In this case, it is preferable to provide four air springs 15 for one carriage 10 and to support the vehicle body 1 with these four air springs 15. For example, a method of arranging the four air springs 15 above the front and rear wheel shafts 22 in one carriage 10 is conceivable. Thus, when only one carriage 10 is provided for one vehicle body 1, the shape of the carriage frame side beam 12 and the like changes depending on the number and position of the air springs 15.

"Sixth embodiment"
Next, a railway vehicle as a sixth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19.

  A railcar bo of 10 f of this embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 18, as in each of the above embodiments, a bogie frame 11 disposed at the lower part of the vehicle body 1, An air spring 15 disposed between the carriage frame 11 and the vehicle body 1 and an axle unit 20f including a pair of left and right wheels 21 attached to the carriage frame 11 are provided. Also, the wheel unit 20f includes an outer wheel unit 20fo and a center wheel unit 20fi as in the above embodiments.

  Each wheel unit 20f is basically the same as the wheel unit 20 of the first embodiment, and includes a pair of wheels 21, a wheel shaft 22 that connects the pair of wheels 21, and a pair of left and right wheels that rotatably support the wheel shaft 22. A shaft box 25 and a shaft spring 30 disposed between the carriage frame 11 and the shaft box 25 are provided. The axle box 25 of each wheelset unit 20f has a projecting portion 26 extending from the wheel shaft 22 to the front side and the rear side perpendicular to the wheel shaft 22, and each projecting portion 26 and the carriage frame side beam 12 are provided. The shaft spring 30 in the first embodiment is provided between the two.

  As in the first embodiment, the shaft spring 30 of the outer wheel shaft unit 20fo is arranged so that the first axis A1 faces the up-and-down direction and the third axis A3 faces the tangential direction of the turning circle C, and the turning-allowed shaft spring 30a. Is made.

  On the other hand, the shaft spring 30 of the center-side wheel unit 20fi is arranged so that the third shaft A3 faces in the left-right direction, unlike the first embodiment, although the first shaft A1 faces in the vertical direction. The rigidity of the unit 20fi in the direction along the turning circle is higher than the rigidity in the left-right direction and does not form the turning allowable shaft spring 30a.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the wheel shaft 22 of the outer wheel shaft unit 20fo turns relatively easily around the turning shaft Ac, while the wheel shaft 22 of the central wheel shaft unit 20fi hardly turns.

  For this reason, when the railway vehicle of the present embodiment travels on a rail having a radius of curvature R, as shown in FIG. 19, the front axle unit of the front carriage 10f arranged at the lower part on the front side of the vehicle body 1, that is, the outside The wheel shaft 22 of the wheel shaft unit 20fo turns along the shape of the rail, but the wheel shaft 22 on the rear side, that is, the wheel shaft 22 of the center wheel shaft unit 20fi hardly turns. The front wheel unit of the rear carriage 10f disposed at the lower rear of the vehicle body 1, that is, the wheel shaft 22 of the central wheel unit 20fi hardly turns, but the rear wheel unit, that is, the outer wheel unit. The 20fo wheel shaft 22 turns along the shape of the rail.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the wheel shaft 22 of the central wheel unit 20fi of the front and rear carts 10f and 10f hardly turns, but the outer wheel unit 20fo of the front and rear carts 10f and 10f, that is, this The wheel shafts 22 of the front wheel unit 20fo and the rear wheel unit 20fo of the vehicle turn along the rail shape. For this reason, also in this embodiment, it can drive | work smoothly on the rail of a small curve radius (for example, curve radius is 50 m).

  Further, in the present embodiment, the wheel shaft 22 of the central wheel unit 20fi of each carriage 10f hardly turns, so that stable running on a straight rail can be achieved.

  In addition, although this embodiment is a modification of 1st embodiment, in each other embodiment, you may change similarly.

  1: body, 10, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10f: cart, 11: cart frame, 15: air spring, 20, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f: wheel unit, 20o, 20fo: outer wheel unit, 20i , 20 fi: center side wheel unit, 21: wheel, 22: wheel shaft, 25: shaft box, 30, 35: shaft spring, 30a, 30b, 35c, 35d, 35e: turning allowable shaft spring, 31: tube, 32: rubber 33: High rigidity part 34: Low rigidity part

Claims (9)

In a railway vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a carriage disposed at a lower portion of the vehicle body,
The bogie includes a bogie frame disposed at a lower portion of the vehicle body, and one or more wheelset units attached to the bogie frame,
The wheel unit includes a pair of left and right wheels, a wheel shaft serving as a rotation shaft of each of the pair of wheels, a pair of shaft boxes that rotatably support the wheel shaft, and elastically deforming in a first direction, An axial spring disposed between the carriage frame and the axle box with the first direction oriented in a direction having a vertical component with respect to the box;
The shaft spring of at least one of the wheel shaft units has a rigidity in a front-rear direction perpendicular to the wheel shaft supported in the shaft box in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction, and the wheel shaft extends. A rotation-allowable axial spring having a low rigidity in a direction along a virtual turning circle that crosses the axial spring with a turning axis parallel to the vertical direction as a center with respect to the rigidity in the left-right direction.
A railway vehicle characterized by that. The railway vehicle according to claim 1,
The swivel allowable shaft spring has a high-rigidity portion having high rigidity and a low-rigidity portion lower than the rigidity of the high-rigidity portion in an in-plane direction perpendicular to the first direction. It is arranged in the direction located on the circumference of the virtual turning circle,
A railway vehicle characterized by that. The railway vehicle according to claim 2,
The swivel allowable shaft spring includes a plurality of cylinders having a first axis extending in the first direction as a central axis, and a second axis between the plurality of cylinders and perpendicular to the first axis. And a rubber not disposed in a region including a third axis perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis, wherein the region including the third axis is the low rigidity portion. ,
A railway vehicle characterized by that. The railway vehicle according to claim 1,
The swivel allowable shaft spring has a plurality of boundary plates arranged parallel to each other with a predetermined interval in the first direction, and a rubber arranged between the plurality of boundary plates, The first direction is inclined with respect to the vertical direction, and the boundary plate is disposed so as to face the direction along the virtual turning circle.
A railway vehicle characterized by that. In the rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The turning shaft is located on the wheel shaft and in the center of the direction in which the wheel shaft extends.
A railway vehicle characterized by that. In the rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A pair of the bogies are arranged with an interval in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body with respect to the vehicle body, and as the wheel axle unit, an outer wheel shaft unit arranged outside in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body, and the vehicle body A central-side axle unit disposed on the central side in the front-rear direction of
A railway vehicle characterized by that. The railway vehicle according to claim 6,
The outer wheel axle unit and the central wheel axle unit both have the turning allowable shaft spring.
A railway vehicle characterized by that. The railway vehicle according to claim 7,
The swivel axis of the outer wheel axle unit is located at a location near the center wheel axle unit side from the wheel axle of the outer wheel axle unit,
The turning shaft of the central wheel unit is located at a location near the outer wheel unit from the wheel shaft of the central wheel unit.
A railway vehicle characterized by that. The railway vehicle according to claim 6,
The shaft spring of the outer wheel shaft unit is the turning allowable shaft spring,
The axial spring of the central-side wheel unit has a rigidity in a direction along a virtual turning circle that crosses the axial spring around the turning axis parallel to the vertical direction greater than or equal to the rigidity in the left-right direction of the central-side wheel unit. Is,
A railway vehicle characterized by that.

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