JP2012169318A - Insulating circuit board, base for power module, and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Insulating circuit board, base for power module, and method for manufacturing the same Download PDF

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JP2012169318A
JP2012169318A JP2011026741A JP2011026741A JP2012169318A JP 2012169318 A JP2012169318 A JP 2012169318A JP 2011026741 A JP2011026741 A JP 2011026741A JP 2011026741 A JP2011026741 A JP 2011026741A JP 2012169318 A JP2012169318 A JP 2012169318A
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circuit board
brazing
insulating
insulating plate
brazing material
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JP5764342B2 (en
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Kazuhiko Minami
和彦 南
Kaiji Sugano
快治 菅野
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Resonac Holdings Corp
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Showa Denko KK
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/26Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/31Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/32Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
    • H01L2224/321Disposition
    • H01L2224/32151Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/32221Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/32225Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11Device type
    • H01L2924/13Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1304Transistor
    • H01L2924/1305Bipolar Junction Transistor [BJT]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11Device type
    • H01L2924/13Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1304Transistor
    • H01L2924/1305Bipolar Junction Transistor [BJT]
    • H01L2924/13055Insulated gate bipolar transistor [IGBT]

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an insulating circuit board capable of suppressing a reduction in thermal cycle life, a base for a power module, and a method for manufacturing the same.SOLUTION: An insulating circuit board 4 comprises a ceramic insulating plate 5 and a pure aluminum circuit board 6 which is brazed to one surface of the insulating plate 5 with a brazing filler material containing Si. A remaining brazing filler material layer 12 containing Si particles exists between the insulating plate 5 and the circuit board 6. A thickness of the remaining brazing filler material layer 12 is 3 μm or less, and an area ratio of the Si particles contained in the remaining brazing filler material layer 12 is 20% or less.

Description

この発明は、絶縁回路基板、ならびにパワーモジュール用ベースおよびその製造方法に関し、さらに詳しくは、たとえば絶縁回路基板、ならびに当該絶縁回路基板を備えているとともに、絶縁回路基板に搭載されるパワーデバイスなどの電子素子を冷却するのに用いられるパワーモジュール用ベースおよびその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an insulating circuit board, a power module base, and a method for manufacturing the same, and more specifically, for example, an insulating circuit board, and a power device including the insulating circuit board and mounted on the insulating circuit board. The present invention relates to a power module base used for cooling an electronic device and a method for manufacturing the same.

この明細書および特許請求の範囲において、「アルミニウム」という用語には、「純アルミニウム」と表現する場合を除いて、純アルミニウムの他にアルミニウム合金を含むものとする。また、この明細書および特許請求の範囲において、「純アルミニウム」という用語は、純度99.00質量%以上の純アルミニウムを意味するものとする。   In this specification and claims, the term “aluminum” includes aluminum alloys in addition to pure aluminum, unless expressed as “pure aluminum”. In this specification and claims, the term “pure aluminum” means pure aluminum having a purity of 99.00% by mass or more.

たとえばIGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)などの半導体素子(電子素子)からなるパワーデバイスを備えたパワーモジュールにおいては、半導体素子から発せられる熱を効率良く放熱して、半導体素子の温度を所定温度以下に保つ必要がある。そこで、従来、パワーデバイスを実装するパワーモジュール用ベースとして、アルミニウム製冷却器および冷却器にろう付された絶縁回路基板からなり、絶縁回路基板が、セラミック製絶縁板と、絶縁板の一面にろう付された純アルミニウム製回路板と、絶縁板の他面にろう付された純アルミニウム製伝熱板とよりなり、伝熱板における絶縁板にろう付された面と反対側の面が冷却器にろう付され、回路板における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面が電子素子搭載部を有する配線面となされているパワーモジュール用ベースが提案されている(特許文献1参照)。   For example, in a power module equipped with a power device composed of a semiconductor element (electronic element) such as an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), the heat generated from the semiconductor element is efficiently dissipated to keep the temperature of the semiconductor element below a predetermined temperature. Need to keep. Therefore, conventionally, a power module base for mounting a power device is composed of an aluminum cooler and an insulating circuit board brazed to the cooler, and the insulating circuit board is brazed on one side of the insulating board made of ceramic. Circuit board made of pure aluminum and a heat transfer board made of pure aluminum brazed to the other surface of the insulating plate, and the surface of the heat transfer plate opposite to the surface brazed to the insulating plate is the cooler A base for a power module has been proposed in which a surface opposite to a surface brazed to an insulating plate in a circuit board is a wiring surface having an electronic element mounting portion (see Patent Document 1). .

特許文献1記載のパワーモジュール用ベースは、絶縁回路基板の回路板の配線面における電子素子搭載部にパワーデバイスが実装されてパワーモジュールとして用いられる。そして、パワーデバイスから発せられた熱は、回路板、絶縁板および伝熱板を経て冷却器に伝えられ、放熱されるようになっている。   The power module base described in Patent Document 1 is used as a power module in which a power device is mounted on an electronic element mounting portion on a wiring surface of a circuit board of an insulated circuit board. The heat generated from the power device is transmitted to the cooler via the circuit board, the insulating plate, and the heat transfer plate, and is radiated.

ところで、特許文献1記載のパワーモジュール用ベースは、絶縁板、回路板、伝熱板および冷却器を、隣り合うものどうしの間にAl−Si合金系のろう材を配置した状態で積層し、絶縁板、回路板、伝熱板および冷却器を、加圧しつつ加熱して絶縁板と回路板、絶縁板と伝熱板および伝熱板と冷却器とを一括してろう付することにより製造されている。   By the way, the base for a power module described in Patent Document 1 is laminated with an insulating plate, a circuit board, a heat transfer plate, and a cooler in a state where an Al—Si alloy brazing material is disposed between adjacent ones, Insulating plate, circuit board, heat transfer plate and cooler are heated by pressurizing and insulating plate and circuit board, insulating plate and heat transfer plate, heat transfer plate and cooler are brazed together Has been.

しかしながら、特許文献1記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法では、回路板および伝熱板と絶縁板との間に、それぞれSi濃度が高くかつ回路板および伝熱板よりも硬いSi粒子を含む比較的厚肉の残存ろう材層が形成されることになる。したがって、特許文献1記載のパワーモジュール用ベースにパワーデバイスを実装してパワーモジュールとして用いた場合、絶縁板と回路板および伝熱板との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる大きな応力によって、絶縁板の割れや、絶縁板と回路板および伝熱板との間の広範囲にわたる剥離が比較的短時間で発生し、熱サイクル寿命が低下するおそれがある。   However, in the method for manufacturing the base for a power module described in Patent Document 1, a comparison is made between the circuit board and the heat transfer plate and the insulating plate that contain Si particles that are higher in Si concentration and harder than the circuit board and the heat transfer plate. A thick residual brazing filler metal layer is formed. Therefore, when a power device is mounted on a power module base described in Patent Document 1 and used as a power module, due to a large stress caused by a difference in linear expansion coefficient between an insulating plate, a circuit board, and a heat transfer plate, There is a possibility that cracking of the insulating plate and wide-range peeling between the insulating plate, the circuit board, and the heat transfer plate may occur in a relatively short time, and the thermal cycle life may be reduced.

特開2008−192705号公報JP 2008-192705 A

この発明の目的は、上記問題を解決し、熱サイクル寿命の低下を抑制しうる絶縁回路基板、ならびにパワーモジュール用ベースおよびその製造方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide an insulated circuit board, a power module base, and a method for manufacturing the same that can solve the above-described problems and suppress a decrease in thermal cycle life.

本発明は、上記目的を達成するために以下の態様からなる。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following aspects.

1)セラミック製絶縁板と、絶縁板の一面にSiを含むろう材によりろう付された純アルミニウム製回路板とを備えた絶縁回路基板であって、
絶縁板と回路板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下である絶縁回路基板。
1) An insulating circuit board comprising a ceramic insulating board and a pure aluminum circuit board brazed with a brazing material containing Si on one surface of the insulating board,
There is a residual brazing filler metal layer containing Si particles between the insulating plate and the circuit board, the thickness of the residual brazing filler metal layer is 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of the Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer is An insulated circuit board that is 20% or less.

2)回路板に、絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴が形成されている上記1)記載の絶縁回路基板。   2) The insulated circuit board according to 1) above, wherein the circuit board is formed with a brazing material reservoir hole that is open on a brazing surface to the insulating plate and that accumulates the molten and hardened brazing material.

3)絶縁板における回路板がろう付された面とは反対側の面に、Siを含むろう材により純アルミニウム製伝熱板がろう付され、絶縁板と伝熱板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、当該残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、当該残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下である上記1)または2)記載の絶縁回路基板。   3) A heat transfer plate made of pure aluminum is brazed to the surface of the insulating plate opposite to the surface on which the circuit board is brazed by a brazing material containing Si, and Si particles are interposed between the insulating plate and the heat transfer plate. 1) or wherein the residual brazing filler metal layer containing is present, the thickness of the residual brazing filler metal layer is 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer is 20% or less. 2) Insulated circuit board.

4)伝熱板に、絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴が形成されている上記3)記載の絶縁回路基板。   4) The insulated circuit board according to 3) above, wherein the heat transfer plate is formed with a brazing material reservoir hole that opens on a brazing surface to the insulating plate and stores a brazed material that has been melted and then cured.

5)上記1)または2)記載の絶縁回路基板の絶縁板における回路板がろう付された面とは反対側の面が、Siを含むろう材によって純アルミニウム製応力緩和部材にろう付され、応力緩和部材における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面が冷却器にろう付され、応力緩和部材と絶縁板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、当該残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、当該残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下であるパワーモジュール用ベース。   5) The surface opposite to the surface where the circuit board is brazed in the insulating circuit board of the above-described 1) or 2) is brazed to a pure aluminum stress relaxation member with a brazing material containing Si, The surface opposite to the surface brazed to the insulating plate in the stress relaxation member is brazed to the cooler, and a residual brazing material layer containing Si particles exists between the stress relaxation member and the insulating plate, A power module base in which the thickness of the residual brazing filler metal layer is 3 μm or less and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer is 20% or less.

6)上記1)または2)記載の絶縁回路基板の絶縁板における回路板がろう付された面とは反対側の面が、Siを含むろう材によって純アルミニウム製冷却器にろう付され、冷却器と絶縁板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、当該残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、当該残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下であるパワーモジュール用ベース。   6) The surface opposite to the surface where the circuit board is brazed of the insulating circuit board of the above-described 1) or 2) is brazed to a pure aluminum cooler with a brazing material containing Si, and cooled. A residual brazing filler metal layer containing Si particles is present between the vessel and the insulating plate, and the thickness of the residual brazing filler metal layer is 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of the Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer Is a base for power modules with 20% or less.

7)上記3)または4)記載の絶縁回路基板の伝熱板における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面がアルミニウム製応力緩和部材にろう付され、応力緩和部材における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面が冷却器にろう付されているパワーモジュール用ベース。   7) The surface opposite to the surface brazed to the insulating plate of the heat transfer plate of the insulated circuit board described in 3) or 4) above is brazed to the aluminum stress relaxation member, and the insulating plate in the stress relaxation member A base for a power module in which the surface opposite to the brazed surface is brazed to the cooler.

8)上記5)〜7)のうちのいずれかに記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの絶縁回路基板の回路板における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面が、電子素子搭載部を有する配線面となされており、当該電子素子搭載部にパワーデバイスがはんだ付されているパワーモジュール。   8) The surface opposite to the surface brazed to the insulating plate of the circuit board of the insulating circuit board of the power module base according to any one of 5) to 7) above has an electronic element mounting portion. A power module that is a wiring surface and in which a power device is soldered to the electronic element mounting portion.

9)上記5)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースを製造する方法であって、
セラミックス製絶縁板、純アルミニウム製回路板、純アルミニウム製応力緩和部材および冷却器を用意し、絶縁板、回路板、応力緩和部材および冷却器を加圧しつつ加熱してろう付すること含み、絶縁板と回路板、および絶縁板と応力緩和部材とのろう付に、それぞれSi7〜13質量%およびSr0.003〜0.1質量%を含むAl−Si系合金からなるろう材を使用することを特徴とするパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。
9) A method for producing the power module base according to 5) above,
Insulating board including ceramic insulating board, pure aluminum circuit board, pure aluminum stress relaxation member and cooler, including heating and brazing the insulating board, circuit board, stress relaxation member and cooler while applying pressure Use of a brazing material made of an Al-Si based alloy containing Si 7 to 13% by mass and Sr 0.003 to 0.1% by mass for brazing the plate and the circuit board, and the insulating plate and the stress relaxation member, respectively. A method for manufacturing a base for a power module.

10)絶縁板、回路板、応力緩和部材および冷却器に対する加圧力を、0.4〜3kgf/cmとする上記9)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 10) The method for producing a power module base according to 9) above, wherein the pressure applied to the insulating plate, the circuit board, the stress relaxation member and the cooler is 0.4 to 3 kgf / cm 2 .

11)上記6)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースを製造する方法であって、
セラミックス製絶縁板、純アルミニウム製回路板および純アルミニウム製冷却器を用意し、絶縁板、回路板および冷却器を加圧しつつ加熱してろう付すること含み、絶縁板と回路板、および絶縁板と冷却器とのろう付に、それぞれSi7〜13質量%およびSr0.003〜0.1質量%を含むAl−Si系合金からなるろう材を使用することを特徴とするパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。
11) A method for producing the power module base according to 6) above,
Insulating board, circuit board, and insulating board including ceramic insulating board, pure aluminum circuit board and pure aluminum cooler, including heating and brazing the insulating board, circuit board and cooler while applying pressure A base for a power module characterized by using a brazing material made of an Al-Si alloy containing 7 to 13 mass% of Si and 0.003 to 0.1 mass% of Sr, respectively, for brazing of the steel and the cooler Method.

12)絶縁板、回路板および冷却器に対する加圧力を、0.4〜3kgf/cmとする上記11)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 12) The method for producing a base for a power module as described in 11) above, wherein the pressure applied to the insulating plate, the circuit board and the cooler is 0.4 to 3 kgf / cm 2 .

13)回路板に、絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴を複数形成しておく上記9)〜12)のうちのいずれかに記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。   13) The circuit board is provided with a plurality of brazing material reservoir holes that are opened in a brazing surface to an insulating plate and that store a brazing material that has been melted and then cured, according to any one of 9) to 12) above. Manufacturing method of base for power module.

14)回路板の全ろう材溜穴の内容積の合計をX、用いるろう材の体積をYとした場合、0.1≦X/Yという関係を満たす上記13)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。   14) When the total internal volume of all brazing material reservoir holes of the circuit board is X and the volume of the brazing material used is Y, the power module base satisfying the relationship of 0.1 ≦ X / Y is satisfied. Production method.

15)上記7)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースを製造する方法であって、
セラミックス製絶縁板、純アルミニウム製回路板、純アルミニウム製伝熱板、応力緩和部材および冷却器を用意し、絶縁板、回路板、伝熱板、応力緩和部材および冷却器を加圧しつつ加熱してろう付すること含み、絶縁板と回路板、および絶縁板と伝熱板とのろう付に、それぞれSi7〜13質量%およびSr0.003〜0.1質量%を含むAl−Si系合金からなるろう材を使用することを特徴とするパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。
15) A method for producing the power module base according to 7) above,
Prepare ceramic insulating plate, pure aluminum circuit board, pure aluminum heat transfer plate, stress relaxation member and cooler, and heat the insulation plate, circuit board, heat transfer plate, stress relaxation member and cooler while applying pressure. Brazing of the insulating plate and the circuit board, and the insulating plate and the heat transfer plate from an Al-Si based alloy containing Si 7 to 13% by mass and Sr 0.003 to 0.1% by mass, respectively. A method for producing a base for a power module, characterized by using a brazing material.

16)絶縁板、回路板、伝熱板、応力緩和部材および冷却器に対する加圧力を、0.4〜3kgf/cmとする上記15)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 16) The method for producing a power module base according to 15) above, wherein the pressure applied to the insulating plate, the circuit board, the heat transfer plate, the stress relaxation member and the cooler is 0.4 to 3 kgf / cm 2 .

17)回路板および伝熱板に、それぞれ絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴を複数形成しておく上記15)または16)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。   17) The power described in 15) or 16) above, wherein the circuit board and the heat transfer plate are each formed with a plurality of brazing material reservoir holes that are opened on the brazing surface to the insulating plate and store the brazing material that has been melted and then cured. Manufacturing method of module base.

18)回路板の全ろう材溜穴の内容積の合計をX、用いるろう材の体積をYとした場合、0.1≦X/Yという関係を満たす上記17)記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。   18) When the total internal volume of all brazing material reservoir holes of the circuit board is X and the volume of the brazing material used is Y, the power module base satisfying the relationship of 0.1 ≦ X / Y is satisfied. Production method.

19)Al−Si系合金からなるろう材が、さらにBi0.03〜0.2質量%を含む上記9)〜18)のうちのいずれかに記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。
20)ろう付温度まで加熱してろう材を溶融させた後冷却する際に、580℃から560℃までの冷却を、冷却速度5℃/min以下で行う上記9)〜19)のうちのいずれかに記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。
19) The method for producing a power module base according to any one of 9) to 18), wherein the brazing material made of an Al—Si based alloy further contains Bi 0.03 to 0.2 mass%.
20) Any one of the above 9) to 19), wherein the cooling from 580 ° C. to 560 ° C. is carried out at a cooling rate of 5 ° C./min or less when the brazing material is heated to the brazing temperature and then cooled. A method for manufacturing a base for a power module according to claim 1.

上記1)〜4)の絶縁回路基板によれば、絶縁板と回路板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下であるから、絶縁板と回路板との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる応力を低減することできる。したがって、上記応力が大きくなることによる絶縁板の割れや、回路板と絶縁板との間の広範囲の剥離が長時間にわたって抑制され、熱サイクル寿命の低下を抑制することができる。   According to the insulated circuit boards of 1) to 4), there is a residual brazing filler metal layer containing Si particles between the insulating plate and the circuit board, and the residual brazing filler metal layer has a thickness of 3 μm or less. Since the area ratio of the Si particles contained in the remaining brazing filler metal layer is 20% or less, the stress caused by the difference in the linear expansion coefficient between the insulating plate and the circuit board can be reduced. Therefore, cracking of the insulating plate due to the increase of the stress and wide-range peeling between the circuit board and the insulating plate are suppressed over a long period of time, and a decrease in the thermal cycle life can be suppressed.

上記2)の絶縁回路基板によれば、回路板に、絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴が形成されているので、Si濃度の高いろう材がろう材溜穴内に溜まることになり、残存ろう材層の厚さを3μm以下にするとともに、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率を20%以下とすることを、効果的に行うことができる。   According to the insulating circuit board of 2), the circuit board is formed with a brazing material reservoir hole that opens on the brazing surface to the insulating plate and stores the brazing material that has been melted and then cured, so that the Si concentration is high. It is effective to reduce the thickness of the remaining brazing filler metal layer to 3 μm or less and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer to 20% or less. Can be done.

上記3)の絶縁回路基板によれば、絶縁板と伝熱板との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる応力を低減することできる。したがって、上記応力が大きくなることによる絶縁板の割れや、伝熱板と絶縁板との間の広範囲の剥離が長時間にわたって抑制され、熱サイクル寿命の低下を抑制することができる。   According to the insulated circuit board of 3) above, it is possible to reduce the stress caused by the difference in coefficient of linear expansion between the insulating plate and the heat transfer plate. Therefore, cracking of the insulating plate due to the increase of the stress and a wide range of peeling between the heat transfer plate and the insulating plate are suppressed over a long period of time, and a decrease in the heat cycle life can be suppressed.

上記4)の絶縁回路基板によれば、伝熱板に、絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴が形成されているので、Si濃度の高いろう材がろう材溜穴内に溜まることになり、残存ろう材層の厚さを3μm以下にするとともに、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率を20%以下とすることを、効果的に行うことができる。   According to the insulated circuit board of 4) above, the heat transfer plate is formed with a brazing material reservoir hole that opens to the brazing surface to the insulating plate and stores the brazing material that has been melted and then cured, so that the Si concentration High brazing filler metal will accumulate in the brazing filler metal reservoir hole, the thickness of the remaining brazing filler metal layer is 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer is 20% or less. Can be done automatically.

上記5)のパワーモジュール用ベースによれば、絶縁板と回路板との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる応力による絶縁板の割れや、回路板と絶縁板との間の広範囲にわたる剥離が長時間にわたって抑制されるとともに、絶縁板と応力緩和部材との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる応力による絶縁板の割れや、応力緩和部材と絶縁板との間の広範囲にわたる剥離が長時間にわたって抑制され、熱サイクル寿命の低下を抑制することができる。   According to the power module base of the above 5), the insulating plate is cracked due to the stress caused by the difference in the coefficient of linear expansion between the insulating plate and the circuit board, and the peeling between the circuit board and the insulating plate is extensive. In addition to being suppressed for a long time, cracking of the insulating plate due to the stress caused by the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the insulating plate and the stress relaxation member, and extensive peeling between the stress relaxation member and the insulating plate for a long time It is possible to suppress the decrease in the thermal cycle life.

上記6)のパワーモジュール用ベースによれば、絶縁板と回路板との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる応力による絶縁板の割れや、回路板と絶縁板との間の広範囲にわたる剥離が長時間にわたって抑制されるとともに、絶縁板と冷却器との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる応力による絶縁板の割れや、冷却器と絶縁板との間の広範囲にわたる剥離が長時間にわたって抑制され、熱サイクル寿命の低下を抑制することができる。   According to the power module base of 6) above, the insulation plate is cracked due to the stress caused by the difference in the coefficient of linear expansion between the insulation plate and the circuit board, and the peeling between the circuit board and the insulation plate is extensive. In addition to being suppressed for a long time, cracking of the insulating plate due to the stress caused by the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the insulating plate and the cooler and extensive peeling between the cooler and the insulating plate are suppressed for a long time. Thus, a decrease in the heat cycle life can be suppressed.

上記9)〜20)のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法によれば、絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品とのろう付に用いるろう材中のSrの働きによって当該ろう材中に含まれるSiを微細化することができるので、絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品のろう付に用いるろう材の各部の融点が均一になって、ろう材の各部での溶融開始温度と溶融完了温度とが均一になるとともに、溶融ろう材が流動しやすくなる。したがって、Si濃度の高い溶融ろう材が、絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品との間から効果的に排出され、その結果製造されたパワーモジュール用ベースにおいて、絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品との間に残存するSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層の厚さを3μm以下にすることができるとともに、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率を20%以下にすることができる。   According to the power module base manufacturing method of 9) to 20) above, Si contained in the brazing material is refined by the action of Sr in the brazing material used for brazing the insulating plate and the pure aluminum component. Therefore, the melting point of each part of the brazing material used for brazing the insulating plate and the pure aluminum part becomes uniform, the melting start temperature and the melting completion temperature in each part of the brazing material become uniform, and the melting brazing The material becomes easy to flow. Therefore, the molten brazing filler metal having a high Si concentration is effectively discharged from between the insulating plate and the pure aluminum component, and as a result, remains between the insulating plate and the pure aluminum component in the manufactured power module base. The thickness of the remaining brazing filler metal layer containing Si particles can be made 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of the Si particles contained in the remaining brazing filler metal layer can be made 20% or less.

上記10)、12)および16)のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法によれば、Si濃度の高い溶融ろう材を、絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品との間から効果的に排出することができる。   According to the power module base manufacturing method of the above 10), 12) and 16), the molten brazing filler metal having a high Si concentration can be effectively discharged from between the insulating plate and the pure aluminum component.

上記13)、14)、17)および18)のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法によれば、Si濃度の高いろう材がろう材溜穴内に溜まることになり、製造されたパワーモジュール用ベースにおいて、絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品との間に残存する残存ろう材層の厚さを3μm以下にすること、ならびに残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率を20%以下にすることを、効果的に行うことができる。   According to the method for manufacturing a power module base of the above 13), 14), 17) and 18), the brazing material having a high Si concentration is accumulated in the brazing material reservoir hole. In the manufactured power module base, It is effective to reduce the thickness of the residual brazing filler metal layer remaining between the insulating plate and the pure aluminum component to 3 μm or less, and to reduce the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer to 20% or less. Can be done.

上記19)のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法によれば、Biの働きによって絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品とをろう付する際の溶融ろう材の流動性を向上させることができるので、Si濃度の高い溶融ろう材が、絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品との間から効果的に排出される。   According to the power module base manufacturing method of 19) above, since the fluidity of the molten brazing material when brazing the insulating plate and the pure aluminum component can be improved by the function of Bi, the Si concentration is high. The molten brazing material is effectively discharged from between the insulating plate and the pure aluminum part.

上記20)のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法によれば、共晶ろう材が、絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品との間から効果的に排出されるので、パワーモジュール用ベースの絶縁板と純アルミニウム部品との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる応力を効果的に低減することできる。   According to the power module base manufacturing method of 20) above, the eutectic brazing material is effectively discharged from between the insulating plate and the pure aluminum component, so the power module base insulating plate and the pure aluminum component It is possible to effectively reduce the stress generated due to the difference in the linear expansion coefficient.

この発明の実施形態1のパワーモジュール用ベースにパワーデバイスが実装されることにより構成されたパワーモジュールを示す垂直断面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a power module configured by mounting a power device on a power module base according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 図1の要部拡大図である。It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. 図1のパワーモジュールのパワーモジュール用ベースに用いられる絶縁回路基板の変形例を示す図2相当の図である。It is a figure equivalent to FIG. 2 which shows the modification of the insulated circuit board used for the base for power modules of the power module of FIG. 図3の絶縁回路基板を備えたパワーモジュール用ベースを製造する方法を示す要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the method of manufacturing the base for power modules provided with the insulated circuit board of FIG. この発明の実施形態2のパワーモジュール用ベースにパワーデバイスが実装されることにより構成されたパワーモジュールを示す垂直断面図である。It is a vertical sectional view showing a power module configured by mounting a power device on a power module base according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. この発明の実施形態3のパワーモジュール用ベースにパワーデバイスが実装されることにより構成されたパワーモジュールを示す垂直断面図である。It is a vertical sectional view showing a power module configured by mounting a power device on a power module base according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

以下、この発明の実施形態を、図面を参照して説明する。なお、以下の説明において、図1の上下、左右を上下、左右というものとする。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides in FIG.

図1はこの発明による実施形態1のパワーモジュール用ベースにおける回路板の電子素子搭載部にパワーデバイスが実装されたパワーモジュールを示す。   1 shows a power module in which a power device is mounted on an electronic element mounting portion of a circuit board in a power module base according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

図1において、パワーモジュール(1)は、パワーモジュール用ベース(2)と、パワーモジュール用ベース(2)に実装されたパワーデバイス(3)(電子素子)とよりなる。   In FIG. 1, the power module (1) includes a power module base (2) and a power device (3) (electronic element) mounted on the power module base (2).

パワーモジュール用ベース(2)は、方形のセラミックス製絶縁板(5)、および絶縁板(5)の上面にろう付された方形の純アルミニウム製回路板(6)からなる絶縁回路基板(4)と、絶縁回路基板(4)の絶縁板(5)の下面がろう付された板状の純アルミニウム製応力緩和部材(7)と、応力緩和部材(7)の下面がろう付されたアルミニウム製冷却器(8)(ヒートシンク)とからなる。なお、図1においては1つの絶縁回路基板(4)だけが図示されているが、パワーモジュール用ベース(2)は、複数の絶縁回路基板(4)を備えているのが一般的である。   The power module base (2) is an insulating circuit board (4) comprising a square ceramic insulating plate (5) and a square pure aluminum circuit board (6) brazed to the upper surface of the insulating plate (5). And a plate-like pure aluminum stress relief member (7) with the lower surface of the insulating plate (5) of the insulated circuit board (4) brazed, and an aluminum product with the lower surface of the stress relaxation member (7) brazed. It consists of a cooler (8) (heat sink). Although only one insulating circuit board (4) is shown in FIG. 1, the power module base (2) generally includes a plurality of insulating circuit boards (4).

絶縁回路基板(4)の絶縁板(5)は、必要とされる絶縁特性、熱伝導率および機械的強度を満たしていれば、どのようなセラミックから形成されていてもよいが、たとえばAlN、Al、Siなどにより形成される。 The insulating plate (5) of the insulating circuit board (4) may be formed of any ceramic as long as it satisfies the required insulating properties, thermal conductivity and mechanical strength. For example, AlN, It is formed of Al 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 or the like.

回路板(6)は、電気伝導率が高く、変形能が高く、しかも半導体素子とのはんだ付け性に優れた純度の高い純アルミニウム、たとえば純度99.99質量%以上の純アルミニウムにより形成されていることが好ましい。そして、回路板(6)の上面、すなわち回路板(6)における絶縁板(5)にろう付された面とは反対側の面が、電子素子搭載部を有する配線面となされている。   The circuit board (6) is made of pure aluminum having high electrical conductivity, high deformability, and excellent solderability with a semiconductor element, for example, pure aluminum having a purity of 99.99% by mass or more. Preferably it is. The upper surface of the circuit board (6), that is, the surface of the circuit board (6) opposite to the surface brazed to the insulating plate (5) is a wiring surface having an electronic element mounting portion.

応力緩和部材(7)は、熱伝導率が高く、しかも変形能が高い純アルミニウム、たとえば純度99.99質量%以上の純アルミニウムにより形成されていることが好ましい。応力緩和部材(7)には複数の円形貫通穴(9)が形成されており、貫通穴(9)の働きにより応力緩和部材(7)が変形して絶縁板(5)と冷却器(8)との線熱膨張係数の差により生じる熱応力が緩和される。したがって、絶縁板(5)に割れが生じたり、絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)とのろう付部にクラックが生じたりすることが防止される。   The stress relaxation member (7) is preferably formed of pure aluminum having high thermal conductivity and high deformability, for example, pure aluminum having a purity of 99.99% by mass or more. A plurality of circular through holes (9) are formed in the stress relaxation member (7), and the stress relaxation member (7) is deformed by the action of the through holes (9), and the insulating plate (5) and the cooler (8) ) And the thermal stress generated by the difference in linear thermal expansion coefficient. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the insulating plate (5) from being cracked or the brazing portion between the insulating plate (5) and the stress relaxation member (7) from being cracked.

冷却器(8)は、複数の冷却流体通路(11)が並列状に設けられた扁平中空状であり、熱伝導性に優れるとともに、軽量であるアルミニウムにより形成されていることが好ましい。冷却流体としては、液体および気体のいずれを用いてもよい。なお、冷却器(8)としては、ケース内にインナーフィンが配置されたものが用いられてもよい。   The cooler (8) is preferably a flat hollow shape in which a plurality of cooling fluid passages (11) are provided in parallel, is excellent in thermal conductivity, and is preferably formed of lightweight aluminum. Either a liquid or a gas may be used as the cooling fluid. As the cooler (8), a cooler in which inner fins are arranged in a case may be used.

絶縁回路基板(4)の絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)、および絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)とは、それぞれSiを含むろう材によりろう付されている。そして、図2に示すように、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層(12)が存在している。残存ろう材層(12)の厚さTは3μm以下(但し、0μmは含まない。)であり、残存ろう材層(12)に含まれるSi粒子(図示略)の残存ろう材層(12)中での面積率は20%以下(但し、0%を含む。)である。残存ろう材層(12)は、主としてAlおよびSi粒子からなるが、残存ろう材層(12)を構成するAlおよびSi粒子は、主としてろう付に用いられたろう材中に含まれていたAlおよびSiからなる。   The insulating board (5) and the circuit board (6) of the insulating circuit board (4), and the insulating board (5) and the stress relaxation member (7) are brazed with a brazing material containing Si, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2, a residual brazing filler metal layer (12) containing Si particles exists between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6). The thickness T of the remaining brazing filler metal layer (12) is 3 μm or less (excluding 0 μm), and the residual brazing filler metal layer (12) of Si particles (not shown) contained in the remaining brazing filler metal layer (12). The area ratio inside is 20% or less (however, including 0%). The residual brazing filler metal layer (12) is mainly composed of Al and Si particles, but the Al and Si particles constituting the residual brazing filler metal layer (12) are mainly Al and Si contained in the brazing material used for brazing. It consists of Si.

ここで、この明細書および特許請求の範囲で用いられている「Si粒子」という用語には、Si単体の粒子、共晶Si粒子、Siを含む金属間化合物の粒子が含まれるものとする。Siを含む金属間化合物としては、Al−Fe−Si系金属間化合物、Fe−Si系金属間化合物、SiおよびSrを含む金属間化合物、Si、SrおよびBiを含む金属間化合物などが挙げられる。また、Si粒子の面積率は、図1において、回路板(6)の左右両端部近傍、および回路板(6)の左右方向の中央部で切断した3つの垂直断面におけるSi粒子の投影面積百分率である。   Here, the term “Si particles” used in this specification and claims includes Si simple particles, eutectic Si particles, and intermetallic compound particles containing Si. Examples of the intermetallic compound containing Si include an Al—Fe—Si intermetallic compound, an Fe—Si intermetallic compound, an intermetallic compound containing Si and Sr, and an intermetallic compound containing Si, Sr and Bi. . In addition, the area ratio of the Si particles in FIG. 1 is the percentage of the projected area of the Si particles in three vertical sections cut in the vicinity of the left and right ends of the circuit board (6) and the central part in the horizontal direction of the circuit board (6). It is.

残存ろう材層(12)の厚さTを3μm以下に限定し、残存ろう材層(12)に含まれるSi粒子の面積率を20%以下に限定する理由は、当該厚さTが厚くなりすぎるとともに、当該面積率が高くなりすぎると、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との線膨張係数の差に起因して生じる応力を低減することができないからである。残存ろう材層(12)の厚さTは2μm以下であることが好ましく、残存ろう材層(12)に含まれるSi粒子の面積率は10%以下であることが好ましい。   The reason why the thickness T of the residual brazing filler metal layer (12) is limited to 3 μm or less and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer (12) is limited to 20% or less is that the thickness T increases. If the area ratio is too high, the stress caused by the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) cannot be reduced. The thickness T of the remaining brazing filler metal layer (12) is preferably 2 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the remaining brazing filler metal layer (12) is preferably 10% or less.

図示は省略したが、絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)との間にも残存ろう材層が存在している。この場合も、図2に示す残存ろう材層(12)と同様の理由により、残存ろう材層の厚さTは3μm以下であり、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率は20%以下である。さらに、応力緩和部材(7)の貫通穴(9)内には、絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)とのろう付の際に溶融したろう材が流れ込み、その後硬化した共晶Siを含む硬化ろう材(図示略)が溜まっている。   Although illustration is omitted, a brazing filler metal layer also exists between the insulating plate (5) and the stress relaxation member (7). Also in this case, for the same reason as the residual brazing filler metal layer (12) shown in FIG. 2, the thickness T of the residual brazing filler metal layer is 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer is 20%. It is as follows. Further, in the through hole (9) of the stress relaxation member (7), the molten brazing material flows when the insulating plate (5) and the stress relaxation member (7) are brazed, and then hardened eutectic Si. A hardened brazing material (not shown) is accumulated.

なお、図示は省略したが、回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)における絶縁板(5)とのろう付界面近傍には、ろう付時にSi拡散層が形成されているが、当該Si拡散層の厚さは250μm以下であることが好ましい。Si拡散層の厚さが250μmを超えるということは、Siの拡散に必要な入熱量が多いということであり、ろう付時間を長くしたり、ろう付温度を高くしたりする必要があって、不経済である。   Although not shown, an Si diffusion layer is formed in the vicinity of the brazing interface between the circuit board (6) and the stress relaxation member (7) with the insulating plate (5) during brazing. The thickness of the diffusion layer is preferably 250 μm or less. That the thickness of the Si diffusion layer exceeds 250 μm means that a large amount of heat input is required for the diffusion of Si, and it is necessary to lengthen the brazing time or increase the brazing temperature. It is uneconomical.

絶縁回路基板(4)の絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)、および絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)とをろう付するSiを含むろう材としては、Si7〜13質量%およびSr0.003〜0.1質量%を含み、残部Alおよび不可避不純物からなるAl−Si系合金よりなるものが使用される。   As a brazing material containing Si for brazing the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) of the insulating circuit board (4), and the insulating plate (5) and the stress relaxation member (7), Si is 7 to 13 mass%. And Sr 0.003 to 0.1% by mass, and an Al—Si alloy composed of the balance Al and inevitable impurities is used.

上記ろう材において、Si含有量を7〜13質量%に限定したのは、ろう材の融点を回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)の融点よりも効果的に低くするためである。Si含有量は8〜12質量%であることが好ましい。   In the brazing material, the Si content is limited to 7 to 13% by mass in order to effectively lower the melting point of the brazing material than the melting points of the circuit board (6) and the stress relaxation member (7). It is preferable that Si content is 8-12 mass%.

上記ろう材中のSrは、ろう材中に含まれるSiを微細化することによって、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)のろう付に用いるろう材の各部の融点を均一化し、ろう材の各部での溶融開始温度と溶融完了温度とを均一にして絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)との間からSi濃度の高い溶融ろう材を効果的に排出させる性質を有するとともに、溶融後に硬化したろう材中でのSi粒子を微細化させる性質を有する。しかしながら、Sr含有量が少ないと上記効果は少なく、多くなるとコストが高くなるので、Sr含有量は0.003〜0.1質量%にすべきであるが、0.005〜0.03質量%であることが好ましい。   The Sr in the brazing material is obtained by refining Si contained in the brazing material, so that each part of the brazing material used for brazing the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6), and the stress relaxation member (7). Melting with high Si concentration from between insulating plate (5), circuit board (6) and stress relaxation member (7) by making melting point uniform and uniform melting start temperature and melting completion temperature at each part of brazing filler metal It has the property of effectively discharging the brazing material and has the property of refining the Si particles in the brazing material cured after melting. However, if the Sr content is small, the above effect is small, and if the Sr content is large, the cost increases. Therefore, the Sr content should be 0.003 to 0.1% by mass, but 0.005 to 0.03% by mass. It is preferable that

上記ろう材中には、さらにBiを0.03〜0.2質量%含有させておくことが好ましい。Biは溶融したろう材の流動性を高め、Si濃度の高い溶融ろう材を、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)との間から効果的に排出させる性質を有する。しかしながら、Bi含有量が少ないと上記効果は少なく、多くなると絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)とのろう付界面にBiが残存し、界面に生じる応力が大きくなるので、Bi含有量は0.03〜0.2質量%であることが好ましく、0.05〜0.13質量%であることが望ましい。   The brazing material preferably further contains 0.03 to 0.2% by mass of Bi. Bi enhances the fluidity of the molten brazing filler metal and effectively discharges the molten brazing filler metal having a high Si concentration from between the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6) and the stress relaxation member (7). Have. However, if the Bi content is small, the above effect is small. If the Bi content is large, Bi remains at the brazing interface between the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6) and the stress relaxation member (7), and the stress generated at the interface is large. Therefore, the Bi content is preferably 0.03 to 0.2% by mass, and more preferably 0.05 to 0.13% by mass.

また、上記ろう材は、Feを不可避的に含有していることがあるが、含有量が多くなると絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)とのろう付界面にFe系の金属間化合物が残存し、界面に生じる応力が大きくなるので、Feの含有量は0.5質量%以下(但し、0質量%を含む。)であることが好ましい。   In addition, the brazing material inevitably contains Fe, but if the content increases, the brazing interface between the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6), and the stress relaxation member (7). Since Fe-based intermetallic compounds remain and the stress generated at the interface increases, the Fe content is preferably 0.5% by mass or less (including 0% by mass).

さらに、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)とのろう付が真空ろう付法により行われることがあるが、この場合、上記ろう材にはMgを0.1〜2質量%含有させておくことが好ましい。Mgは真空ろう付時に酸化皮膜を破る性質を有するが、Mg含有量が少ないと上記効果は少なく、多くなると蒸発量が多くなってろう付炉のメンテナンス周期が早くなるので、Mg含有量は0.1〜2質量%であることが好ましく、0.4〜1.5質量%であることが望ましい。   Further, brazing of the insulating plate (5) to the circuit board (6) and the stress relaxation member (7) may be performed by a vacuum brazing method. In this case, the brazing material contains 0.1 mg of Mg. It is preferable to contain ~ 2 mass%. Mg has the property of breaking the oxide film during vacuum brazing, but the effect is small when the Mg content is low, and the amount of evaporation increases and the maintenance period of the brazing furnace is accelerated when the Mg content is high. 0.1 to 2% by mass is preferable, and 0.4 to 1.5% by mass is desirable.

パワーデバイス(3)は、絶縁回路基板(4)の回路板(6)の配線面における電子素子搭載部上にはんだ付けされており、これによりパワーモジュール用ベース(2)に実装されている。パワーデバイス(3)から発せられる熱は、回路板(6)、絶縁板(5)および応力緩和部材(7)を経て冷却器(8)に伝えられ、冷却流体通路(11)内を流れる冷却流体に放熱されるようになっている。   The power device (3) is soldered onto the electronic element mounting portion on the wiring surface of the circuit board (6) of the insulated circuit board (4), and is thus mounted on the power module base (2). Heat generated from the power device (3) is transferred to the cooler (8) through the circuit board (6), the insulating plate (5), and the stress relaxation member (7), and is cooled in the cooling fluid passage (11). Heat is released to the fluid.

以下、パワーモジュール用ベース(2)の製造方法について説明する。   Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing the power module base (2) will be described.

まず、冷却器(8)上にろう材箔を介して応力緩和部材(7)を配置し、応力緩和部材(7)上にろう材箔を介して絶縁板(5)を配置し、絶縁板(5)上にろう材箔を介して回路板(6)を配置する。ろう材箔としては、上述したようなSi7〜13質量%、Sr0.003〜0.1質量%およびMg0.1〜2質量%を含み、必要に応じてBi0.03〜0.2質量%を含み、さらにFe0.5質量%以下を含み、残部Alおよび不可避不純物からなるAl−Si系合金箔が用いられる。また、ろう材箔を用いる代わりに、回路板(6)の下面および応力緩和部材(7)の上面に上述したAl−Si系合金からなるろう材層を予めクラッドしておいてもよい。   First, the stress relaxation member (7) is disposed on the cooler (8) via the brazing material foil, and the insulating plate (5) is disposed on the stress relaxation member (7) via the brazing material foil. (5) Arrange the circuit board (6) on the brazing material foil. As the brazing material foil, Si 7 to 13% by mass, Sr 0.003 to 0.1% by mass and Mg 0.1 to 2% by mass as described above are included, and Bi 0.03 to 0.2% by mass as necessary. In addition, an Al—Si based alloy foil containing 0.5% by mass or less of Fe and including the balance Al and inevitable impurities is used. Further, instead of using the brazing material foil, the lower layer of the circuit board (6) and the upper surface of the stress relaxation member (7) may be clad in advance with the brazing filler metal layer made of the Al—Si alloy.

ついで、図示しない治具により回路板(6)、絶縁板(5)、応力緩和部材(7)および冷却器(8)を上下から加圧した状態にして仮止めする。回路板(6)、絶縁板(5)、応力緩和部材(7)および冷却器(8)に対する加圧力は、0.4〜3kgf/cmとすることが好ましく、6〜3kgf/cmとすることが望ましい。当該加圧力が小さいと、ろう材が溶融した際に、Si濃度の高い溶融ろう材を、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間および絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)との間から効果的に排出することができず、当該加圧力が大きいと、冷却器(8)が変形することがある。 Next, the circuit board (6), the insulating board (5), the stress relaxation member (7), and the cooler (8) are temporarily fixed with a jig (not shown) while being pressurized from above and below. Circuit board (6), the insulating plate (5), pressure against the stress relaxation member (7) and the cooler (8) is preferably in a 0.4~3kgf / cm 2, and 6~3kgf / cm 2 It is desirable to do. When the applied pressure is small, when the brazing material is melted, the molten brazing material having a high Si concentration is separated between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) and between the insulating plate (5) and the stress relaxation member (7 ) And the cooler (8) may be deformed if the applied pressure is large.

ついで、回路板(6)、絶縁板(5)、応力緩和部材(7)および冷却器(8)を仮止めしたものを真空雰囲気とされた加熱炉中に入れ、適当な温度に適当な時間加熱する。すると、ろう材が溶融し、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間に介在させられていたろう材箔から生じるSi濃度の高い溶融ろう材が、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間から回路板(6)の周縁よりも外側に効果的に排出される。また、絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)との間に介在させられていたろう材箔から生じるSi濃度の高い溶融ろう材が、絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)との間から応力緩和部材(7)の周縁よりも外側に効果的に排出されるとともに、応力緩和部材(7)の貫通穴(9)内に流入する。   Next, the circuit board (6), the insulating board (5), the stress relaxation member (7), and the cooler (8), which are temporarily fixed, are placed in a heating furnace in a vacuum atmosphere and kept at an appropriate temperature for an appropriate time. Heat. Then, the brazing material is melted, and the molten brazing material having a high Si concentration generated from the brazing material foil interposed between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6), the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board ( It is effectively discharged to the outside of the periphery of the circuit board (6) from between 6). In addition, the molten brazing filler metal having a high Si concentration generated from the brazing filler metal foil interposed between the insulating plate (5) and the stress relaxation member (7) is formed between the insulating plate (5) and the stress relaxation member (7). It is effectively discharged from the gap to the outside of the periphery of the stress relaxation member (7) and flows into the through hole (9) of the stress relaxation member (7).

その後、加熱を停止して冷却する。この冷却の際に、580℃から560℃までの冷却を、冷却速度を5℃/min以下(但し、0℃/minは含まない。)で行うことが好ましい。この場合、冷却速度が遅くなるので、共晶ろう材が、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)との間から効果的に排出される。   Thereafter, heating is stopped and cooling is performed. In this cooling, the cooling from 580 ° C. to 560 ° C. is preferably performed at a cooling rate of 5 ° C./min or less (however, 0 ° C./min is not included). In this case, since the cooling rate is slow, the eutectic brazing material is effectively discharged from between the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6), and the stress relaxation member (7).

そして、冷却された溶融したろう材が硬化することによって、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)とがろう付されて絶縁回路基板(4)が製造されると同時に、絶縁回路基板(4)の絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)、および応力緩和部材(7)と冷却器(8)とがろう付されてパワーモジュール用ベース(2)が製造される。   Then, the cooled molten brazing material is hardened, whereby the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) are brazed to produce the insulating circuit board (4), and at the same time, the insulating circuit board (4 The power module base (2) is manufactured by brazing the insulating plate (5) and the stress relaxation member (7), and the stress relaxation member (7) and the cooler (8).

図3は絶縁回路基板の変形例を示す。   FIG. 3 shows a modification of the insulated circuit board.

図3に示す絶縁回路基板(20)の場合、回路板(6)に、絶縁板(5)へのろう付面(下面)に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜める有底状のろう材溜穴(21)が形成されている。ろう材溜穴(21)内には、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)とのろう付の際に溶融したろう材が流れ込んでおり、その後硬化した共晶Siを含む硬化ろう材(22)が溜まっている。硬化ろう材(22)は、ろう材溜穴(21)の周面から底面に掛けてろう材溜穴(21)内の底側部分に溜まっており、ろう材溜穴(21)内の全体を満たしてはいない。   In the case of the insulated circuit board (20) shown in FIG. 3, the bottom of the circuit board (6) has a bottomed shape that accumulates a brazing material that opens on the brazing surface (lower surface) of the insulating plate (5) and melts and hardens. A brazing material reservoir hole (21) is formed. In the brazing material reservoir hole (21), the brazing material melted at the time of brazing between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) flows, and then a hardened brazing material containing eutectic Si hardened ( 22) has accumulated. The brazing filler metal (22) is hung from the circumferential surface of the brazing filler metal hole (21) to the bottom surface and is collected at the bottom side of the brazing filler metal hole (21). Is not satisfied.

ここで、回路板(6)における硬化ろう材(22)が溜まる前の全ろう材溜穴(21)の内容積の合計をX、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)とのろう付に用いるろう材の体積をYとした場合、0.1≦X/Yという関係を満たしていることが好ましく、0.3≦X/Y≦0.5という関係を満たしていることが望ましい。X/Yが小さくなると、ろう材溜穴(21)内が硬化ろう材(22)で満たされることになり、この硬化ろう材(22)の存在に起因して、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との界面に生じる応力が大きくなるからである。また、回路板(6)の隣り合うろう材溜穴(21)間の距離は、ろう材溜穴(21)内への溶融ろう材の流入を考慮すると、15mm以下であることが好ましく、0.5〜10mmであることが望ましい。   Here, X is the total internal volume of all brazing material reservoir holes (21) before the hardened brazing material (22) is accumulated in the circuit board (6), and the insulation board (5) and the circuit board (6) are brazed. When the volume of the brazing material used in the above is Y, it is preferable that the relationship 0.1 ≦ X / Y is satisfied, and it is preferable that the relationship 0.3 ≦ X / Y ≦ 0.5 is satisfied. When X / Y becomes small, the brazing material reservoir hole (21) is filled with the hardened brazing material (22). Due to the presence of the hardened brazing material (22), the insulating plate (5) and the circuit This is because the stress generated at the interface with the plate (6) increases. The distance between adjacent brazing material reservoir holes (21) of the circuit board (6) is preferably 15 mm or less in consideration of the inflow of the molten brazing material into the brazing material reservoir hole (21). It is desirable that it is 5-10 mm.

また、絶縁板(5)と、回路板(6)の下面におけるろう材溜穴(21)を除いた部分との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層(12)が存在している。ここでも、残存ろう材層(12)の厚さTは3μm以下であり、残存ろう材層(12)に含まれるSi粒子の面積率は20%以下であることが好ましい。   Further, a residual brazing filler metal layer (12) containing Si particles exists between the insulating plate (5) and a portion of the lower surface of the circuit board (6) excluding the brazing filler metal hole (21). Again, the thickness T of the remaining brazing filler metal layer (12) is preferably 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the remaining brazing filler metal layer (12) is preferably 20% or less.

その他の構成は、図2に示す絶縁回路基板(4)と同じであり、絶縁回路基板(20)を備えたパワーモジュール用ベースの構成は、図1に示すパワーモジュール用ベース(2)と同様である。   The other configuration is the same as the insulated circuit board (4) shown in FIG. 2, and the configuration of the power module base including the insulated circuit board (20) is the same as that of the power module base (2) shown in FIG. It is.

図3に示す絶縁回路基板(20)を備えたパワーモジュール用ベースを製造する際には、図4に示すように、上述した図1に示すパワーモジュール用ベース(2)を製造する際に絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間に配置するろう材箔(23)に、ろう材溜穴(21)と対応するように貫通穴(24)を形成しておく。その他は、絶縁回路基板(4)およびパワーモジュール用ベース(2)と同様にして製造される。   When the power module base having the insulated circuit board (20) shown in FIG. 3 is manufactured, as shown in FIG. 4, the power module base (2) shown in FIG. A through hole (24) is formed in the brazing material foil (23) disposed between the board (5) and the circuit board (6) so as to correspond to the brazing material reservoir hole (21). Others are manufactured in the same manner as the insulating circuit board (4) and the power module base (2).

図5はこの発明の実施形態2のパワーモジュール用ベースにパワーデバイスが実装されることにより構成されたパワーモジュールを示す
図5に示すパワーモジュール(30)におけるパワーデバイス(3)が実装されたパワーモジュール用ベース(31)は、図1に示すパワーモジュール(1)のパワーモジュール用ベース(2)から応力緩和部材(7)を除いた構成であり、絶縁板(5)が直接冷却器(8)の上面にろう付されている。冷却器(8)は、回路板(6)と同様な純アルミニウムにより形成されていることが好ましい。絶縁板(5)と冷却器(8)とのろう付は、図1に示すパワーモジュール用ベース(2)の絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)のろう付に用いられるろう材と同様のろう材を用いて行われている。
FIG. 5 shows a power module configured by mounting a power device on the power module base according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Power in which the power device (3) in the power module (30) shown in FIG. 5 is mounted. The module base (31) is configured by removing the stress relaxation member (7) from the power module base (2) of the power module (1) shown in FIG. ) Is brazed to the top surface. The cooler (8) is preferably made of pure aluminum similar to the circuit board (6). The brazing between the insulating plate (5) and the cooler (8) is performed by brazing the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6) and the stress relaxation member (7) of the power module base (2) shown in FIG. It is carried out using the same brazing material as used in the above.

そして、図示は省略したが、絶縁板(5)と冷却器(8)との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在している。ここでも、残存ろう材層の厚さTは3μm以下であり、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率は20%以下であることが好ましい。   And although illustration was abbreviate | omitted, the residual brazing material layer containing Si particle | grains exists between the insulating plate (5) and the cooler (8). Also here, the thickness T of the remaining brazing filler metal layer is preferably 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the remaining brazing filler metal layer is preferably 20% or less.

図6はこの発明の実施形態3のパワーモジュール用ベースにパワーデバイスが実装されることにより構成されたパワーモジュールを示す
図6に示すパワーモジュール(40)におけるパワーデバイス(3)が実装されたパワーモジュール用ベース(41)の絶縁回路基板(42)は、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)の他に、絶縁板(5)の下面にろう付された方形の純アルミニウム製伝熱板(43)を備えており、伝熱板(43)の下面が応力緩和部材(7)にろう付されている。伝熱板(43)は回路板(6)と同様な純アルミニウムからなる。絶縁板(5)と伝熱板(43)とのろう付は、図1に示すパワーモジュール用ベース(2)の絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および応力緩和部材(7)のろう付に用いられるろう材と同様のろう材を用いて行われている。
6 shows a power module configured by mounting a power device on the base for a power module according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Power in which the power device (3) in the power module (40) shown in FIG. 6 is mounted. The insulating circuit board (42) of the module base (41) is a square pure aluminum heat transfer plate brazed to the lower surface of the insulating plate (5) in addition to the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6). (43), and the lower surface of the heat transfer plate (43) is brazed to the stress relaxation member (7). The heat transfer plate (43) is made of pure aluminum similar to the circuit board (6). The brazing between the insulating plate (5) and the heat transfer plate (43) is performed by brazing the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6) and the stress relaxation member (7) of the power module base (2) shown in FIG. It is carried out using the same brazing material as that used for attachment.

そして、図示は省略したが、絶縁板(5)と伝熱板(43)との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在している。ここでも、残存ろう材層の厚さTは3μm以下であり、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率は20%以下であることが好ましい。   And although illustration was abbreviate | omitted, the residual brazing material layer containing Si particle | grains exists between the insulating plate (5) and the heat exchanger plate (43). Also here, the thickness T of the remaining brazing filler metal layer is preferably 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the remaining brazing filler metal layer is preferably 20% or less.

なお、伝熱板(43)には、図3に示す絶縁回路基板(20)の回路板(6)と同様に、絶縁板(5)へのろう付面(下面)に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜める有底状のろう材溜穴が形成されていてもよい。この場合、伝熱板(43)における硬化ろう材が溜まる前の全ろう材溜穴の内容積の合計をX、絶縁板(5)と伝熱板(43)とのろう付に用いるろう材の体積をYとした場合、0.1≦X/Yという関係を満たしていることが好ましく、1≦X/Y≦10という関係を満たしていることが望ましい。1≦X/Y≦10という関係を満たしている場合、ろう材溜穴の働きにより、伝熱板(43)が、応力緩和部材(7)と同様に、絶縁板(5)と冷却器(8)との線熱膨張係数の差により生じる熱応力を緩和する。   In addition, the heat transfer plate (43) is open and melted on the brazing surface (lower surface) to the insulating plate (5) in the same manner as the circuit plate (6) of the insulating circuit substrate (20) shown in FIG. A bottomed brazing material reservoir hole for storing the post-cured brazing material may be formed. In this case, X is the total internal volume of all brazing material reservoir holes before the brazing filler metal is accumulated in the heat transfer plate (43), and the brazing material used for brazing the insulating plate (5) and the heat transfer plate (43). When the volume of Y is Y, it is preferable that the relationship 0.1 ≦ X / Y is satisfied, and it is preferable that the relationship 1 ≦ X / Y ≦ 10 is satisfied. When the relationship of 1 ≦ X / Y ≦ 10 is satisfied, the heat transfer plate (43), like the stress relieving member (7), is caused to act by the function of the brazing material reservoir hole, and the insulating plate (5) and the cooler ( Relieve thermal stress caused by the difference in linear thermal expansion coefficient from 8).

次に、この発明の具体的実施例を比較例とともに述べる。   Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described together with comparative examples.

実施例1〜4
この実施例は、図6に示すパワーモジュール用ベースを製造したものである。
Examples 1-4
In this embodiment, the power module base shown in FIG. 6 is manufactured.

厚み:0.6mm、縦:29mm、横:34mmのAlN製絶縁板(5)と、純度99.99wt%の純アルミニウムからなりかつ厚み:0.6mm、縦:29mm、横:34mmの回路板(6)および伝熱板(43)と、両面にろう材層が形成されたアルミニウムブレージングシートからなりかつ厚み:1mm、縦:29mm、横:34mmであるとともに、直径3mmの円形貫通穴(9)が複数形成された応力緩和部材(7)と、JIS A3003からなる冷却器(8)とを用意した。また、表1に示す4種類のAl−Si合金ろう材で形成され、かつ厚み:30μm、縦:29mm、横:34mmのろう材箔を用意した。   Thickness: 0.6 mm, vertical: 29 mm, horizontal: 34 mm AlN insulating plate (5) and pure aluminum with a purity of 99.99 wt%, thickness: 0.6 mm, vertical: 29 mm, horizontal: 34 mm circuit board (6) and a heat transfer plate (43) and an aluminum brazing sheet with a brazing filler metal layer formed on both sides, and have a thickness of 1 mm, length: 29 mm, width: 34 mm, and a circular through hole (9 mm in diameter) ) Were formed, and a cooler (8) made of JIS A3003 was prepared. Further, brazing material foils having four types of Al—Si alloy brazing materials shown in Table 1 and having a thickness of 30 μm, a length of 29 mm, and a width of 34 mm were prepared.

ついで、冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を、伝熱板(43)と絶縁板(5)との間および絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間にろう材箔を配置した状態で積層し、治具により冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を表1に示す加圧力で加圧した状態にして仮止めした。   Next, the cooler (8), the stress relaxation member (7), the heat transfer plate (43), the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) are placed between the heat transfer plate (43) and the insulating plate (5). And laminated in a state where the brazing foil is disposed between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6), by means of a cooler (8), a stress relaxation member (7), a heat transfer plate (43), The insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) were temporarily fixed in a state where they were pressurized with the pressurizing force shown in Table 1.

その後、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を加圧状態で仮止めしたものを真空雰囲気とされた加熱炉中に入れ、600℃で20分間加熱した後、冷却した。冷却の際の580〜560℃の範囲の冷却速度は表1に示す通りとした。こうして、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および伝熱板(43)とをろう付することにより絶縁回路基板(42)を製造すると同時に、絶縁回路基板(42)の伝熱板(43)と応力緩和部材(7)、および応力緩和部材(7)とと冷却器(8)とをろう付することによりパワーモジュール用ベース(41)を製造した。   Thereafter, the stress relaxation member (7), the heat transfer plate (43), the insulating plate (5), and the circuit board (6), which were temporarily fixed in a pressurized state, were placed in a heating furnace in a vacuum atmosphere, and 600 ° C. For 20 minutes and then cooled. The cooling rate in the range of 580 to 560 ° C. during cooling was as shown in Table 1. Thus, the insulating circuit board (42) is manufactured by brazing the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6), and the heat transfer plate (43), and at the same time, the heat transfer plate (43) of the insulating circuit board (42) is manufactured. ) And the stress relaxation member (7), and the stress relaxation member (7) and the cooler (8) were brazed to produce a power module base (41).

実施例5〜8
実施例1〜4と同様な絶縁板(5)、回路板(6)、伝熱板(43)、応力緩和部材(7)および冷却器(8)を用意した。また、表1に示す4種類のAl−Si合金ろう材で形成され、かつ厚み:30μm、縦:29mm、横:34mmのろう材箔を用意した。回路板(6)の一面には複数のろう材溜穴を形成しておいた。各ろう材溜穴の直径は3mm、深さは0.4mmであり、隣接するろう材溜穴間の距離は3mmである。また、全ろう材溜穴の内容積の合計Xと、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)とのろう付に用いるろう材の体積をYとの比X/Yは、表1に示す通りである。ろう材箔におけるろう材溜穴と対応する部分には貫通穴を形成しておいた。
Examples 5-8
The same insulating plate (5), circuit board (6), heat transfer plate (43), stress relaxation member (7), and cooler (8) as in Examples 1 to 4 were prepared. Further, brazing material foils having four types of Al—Si alloy brazing materials shown in Table 1 and having a thickness of 30 μm, a length of 29 mm, and a width of 34 mm were prepared. A plurality of brazing material reservoir holes were formed on one surface of the circuit board (6). The diameter of each brazing material reservoir hole is 3 mm, the depth is 0.4 mm, and the distance between adjacent brazing material reservoir holes is 3 mm. Table 1 shows the ratio X / Y of the total volume X of all brazing material reservoir holes and the volume of brazing material Y used for brazing the insulating plate (5) and circuit board (6) to Y. Street. A through hole was formed in a portion corresponding to the brazing material reservoir hole in the brazing material foil.

ついで、冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を、伝熱板(43)と絶縁板(5)との間および絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間にろう材箔を配置した状態で積層し、治具により冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を表1に示す加圧力で加圧した状態にして仮止めした。   Next, the cooler (8), the stress relaxation member (7), the heat transfer plate (43), the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) are placed between the heat transfer plate (43) and the insulating plate (5). And laminated in a state where the brazing foil is disposed between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6), by means of a cooler (8), a stress relaxation member (7), a heat transfer plate (43), The insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) were temporarily fixed in a state where they were pressurized with the pressurizing force shown in Table 1.

その後、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を加圧状態で仮止めしたものを真空雰囲気とされた加熱炉中に入れ、600℃で20分間加熱した後、冷却した。冷却の際の580〜560℃の範囲の冷却速度は表1に示す通りとした。こうして、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および伝熱板(43)とをろう付することにより絶縁回路基板(42)を製造すると同時に、絶縁回路基板(42)の伝熱板(43)と応力緩和部材(7)、および応力緩和部材(7)と冷却器(8)とをろう付することによりパワーモジュール用ベース(41)を製造した。   Thereafter, the stress relaxation member (7), the heat transfer plate (43), the insulating plate (5), and the circuit board (6), which were temporarily fixed in a pressurized state, were placed in a heating furnace in a vacuum atmosphere, and 600 ° C. For 20 minutes and then cooled. The cooling rate in the range of 580 to 560 ° C. during cooling was as shown in Table 1. Thus, the insulating circuit board (42) is manufactured by brazing the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6), and the heat transfer plate (43), and at the same time, the heat transfer plate (43) of the insulating circuit board (42) is manufactured. ) And the stress relaxation member (7), and the stress relaxation member (7) and the cooler (8) were brazed to produce a power module base (41).

実施例9〜10
この実施例は、図1に示すパワーモジュール用ベースを製造したものである。
Examples 9-10
In this embodiment, the power module base shown in FIG. 1 is manufactured.

厚み:0.6mm、縦:29mm、横:34mmのAlN製絶縁板(5)と、純度99.99wt%の純アルミニウムからなりかつ厚み:0.6mm、縦:29mm、横:34mmの回路板(6)と、純度99.99wt%の純アルミニウムからなりかつ厚み:1mm、縦:29mm、横:34mmであるとともに、直径3mmの円形貫通穴(9)が複数形成された応力緩和部材(7)と、JIS A3003からなる冷却器(8)を用意した。また、表1に示す2種類のAl−Si合金ろう材で形成され、かつ厚み:30μm、縦:29mm、横:34mmのろう材箔を用意した。ろう材箔におけるろう材溜穴と対応する部分には貫通穴を形成しておいた。   Thickness: 0.6 mm, vertical: 29 mm, horizontal: 34 mm AlN insulating plate (5) and pure aluminum with a purity of 99.99 wt%, thickness: 0.6 mm, vertical: 29 mm, horizontal: 34 mm circuit board (6) and a stress relaxation member (7) made of pure aluminum having a purity of 99.99 wt% and having a thickness of 1 mm, a length of 29 mm, a width of 34 mm, and a plurality of circular through holes 9 having a diameter of 3 mm. ) And a cooler (8) made of JIS A3003. In addition, a brazing material foil formed of two types of Al—Si alloy brazing materials shown in Table 1 and having a thickness of 30 μm, a length of 29 mm, and a width of 34 mm was prepared. A through hole was formed in a portion corresponding to the brazing material reservoir hole in the brazing material foil.

回路板(6)の一面には複数のろう材溜穴を形成しておいた。各ろう材溜穴の直径は3mm、深さは0.4mmであり、隣接するろう材溜穴間の距離は3mmである。また、全ろう材溜穴の内容積の合計Xと、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)とのろう付に用いるろう材の体積をYとの比X/Yは、表1に示す通りである。   A plurality of brazing material reservoir holes were formed on one surface of the circuit board (6). The diameter of each brazing material reservoir hole is 3 mm, the depth is 0.4 mm, and the distance between adjacent brazing material reservoir holes is 3 mm. Table 1 shows the ratio X / Y of the total volume X of all brazing material reservoir holes and the volume of brazing material Y used for brazing the insulating plate (5) and circuit board (6) to Y. Street.

ついで、冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を、冷却器(8)と応力緩和部材(7)との間、応力緩和部材(7)と絶縁板(5)との間および絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間にろう材箔を配置した状態で積層し、治具により冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を表1に示す加圧力で加圧した状態にして仮止めした。   Subsequently, the cooler (8), the stress relaxation member (7), the insulating plate (5), and the circuit board (6) are placed between the cooler (8) and the stress relaxation member (7), and the stress relaxation member (7). Are laminated with a brazing material foil disposed between the insulating plate (5) and between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6), and a cooler (8) and a stress relaxation member (7 ), The insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) were temporarily fixed in a state where they were pressurized with the pressure shown in Table 1.

その後、冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を加圧状態で仮止めしたものを真空雰囲気とされた加熱炉中に入れ、600℃で20分間加熱した後、冷却した。冷却の際の580〜560℃の範囲の冷却速度は表1に示す通りとした。こうして、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)とをろう付することにより絶縁回路基板(4)を製造すると同時に、絶縁回路基板(4)の絶縁板(5)と応力緩和部材(7)、および応力緩和部材(7)と冷却器(8)とをろう付することによりパワーモジュール用ベース(2)を製造した。   Then, the cooler (8), the stress relaxation member (7), the insulating plate (5), and the circuit board (6), which were temporarily fixed in a pressurized state, were placed in a heating furnace in a vacuum atmosphere at 600 ° C. After heating for 20 minutes, it was cooled. The cooling rate in the range of 580 to 560 ° C. during cooling was as shown in Table 1. In this way, the insulating circuit board (4) is manufactured by brazing the insulating board (5) and the circuit board (6), and at the same time, the insulating board (5) and the stress relaxation member (7) of the insulating circuit board (4). The power module base (2) was manufactured by brazing the stress relaxation member (7) and the cooler (8).

比較例
実施例1〜4と同様な絶縁板(5)、回路板(6)、伝熱板(43)、応力緩和部材(7)および冷却器(8)を用意した。また、表1に示すAl−Si合金ろう材で形成され、かつ厚み:30μm、縦:29mm、横:34mmのろう材箔を用意した。
Comparative Example The same insulating plate (5), circuit board (6), heat transfer plate (43), stress relaxation member (7) and cooler (8) as those of Examples 1 to 4 were prepared. In addition, a brazing material foil formed of an Al—Si alloy brazing material shown in Table 1 and having a thickness of 30 μm, a length of 29 mm, and a width of 34 mm was prepared.

ついで、冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を、伝熱板(43)と絶縁板(5)との間および絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間にろう材箔を配置した状態で積層し、治具により冷却器(8)、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を表1に示す加圧力で加圧した状態にして仮止めした。   Next, the cooler (8), the stress relaxation member (7), the heat transfer plate (43), the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) are placed between the heat transfer plate (43) and the insulating plate (5). And laminated in a state where the brazing foil is disposed between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6), by means of a cooler (8), a stress relaxation member (7), a heat transfer plate (43), The insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) were temporarily fixed in a state where they were pressurized with the pressurizing force shown in Table 1.

その後、応力緩和部材(7)、伝熱板(43)、絶縁板(5)および回路板(6)を加圧状態で仮止めしたものを真空雰囲気とされた加熱炉中に入れ、600℃で20分間加熱した後、冷却した。冷却の際の580〜560℃の範囲の冷却速度は表1に示す通りとした。こうして、絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)および伝熱板(43)とをろう付することにより絶縁回路基板(42)を製造すると同時に、絶縁回路基板(42)の伝熱板(43)と応力緩和部材(7)、および応力緩和部材(7)とと冷却器(8)とをろう付することによりパワーモジュール用ベース(41)を製造した。

Figure 2012169318
Thereafter, the stress relaxation member (7), the heat transfer plate (43), the insulating plate (5), and the circuit board (6), which were temporarily fixed in a pressurized state, were placed in a heating furnace in a vacuum atmosphere, and 600 ° C. For 20 minutes and then cooled. The cooling rate in the range of 580 to 560 ° C. during cooling was as shown in Table 1. Thus, the insulating circuit board (42) is manufactured by brazing the insulating plate (5), the circuit board (6), and the heat transfer plate (43), and at the same time, the heat transfer plate (43) of the insulating circuit board (42) is manufactured. ) And the stress relaxation member (7), and the stress relaxation member (7) and the cooler (8) were brazed to produce a power module base (41).
Figure 2012169318

評価試験
実施例1〜10および比較例で製造されたパワーモジュール用ベースの絶縁回路基板(4)における絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間に形成された残存ろう材層の厚さを、の左右両端から3mm内側の部分、および左右方向中央部において断面観察することにより測定し、その平均値を残存ろう材層の厚さとした。また、絶縁回路基板(4)における絶縁板(5)と回路板(6)との間に形成された残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率を、左右両端から3mm内側の部分、および左右方向中央部において画像解析ソフトを用いて測定し、その平均値を残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率とした。さらに、残存ろう材層中のSi含有量を調べた。
Evaluation test The thickness of the remaining brazing filler metal layer formed between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) in the insulating circuit board (4) of the power module base manufactured in Examples 1 to 10 and the comparative example. The thickness was measured by observing a cross section at a portion 3 mm inside from both the left and right ends and the central portion in the left-right direction, and the average value was taken as the thickness of the remaining brazing filler metal layer. Further, the area ratio of Si particles contained in the remaining brazing filler metal layer formed between the insulating plate (5) and the circuit board (6) in the insulating circuit board (4) is set to a portion 3 mm inside from the left and right ends, and It measured using image analysis software in the center part of the left-right direction, and the average value was made into the area ratio of Si particle | grains contained in a residual brazing material layer. Furthermore, the Si content in the remaining brazing filler metal layer was examined.

さらに、パワーモジュール用ベースに、冷熱サイクル試験(125℃に加熱した後−40℃に冷却)を2000サイクル行った。そして、試験後の絶縁板と回路板とのろう付界面のろう付面積を超音波探傷機により測定し、絶縁板と回路板とのろう付界面全体に対するろう付面積の割合を求めた。   Further, the power module base was subjected to 2000 cycles of a cooling / heating cycle test (heated to 125 ° C. and then cooled to −40 ° C.). And the brazing area of the brazing interface between the insulating plate and the circuit board after the test was measured with an ultrasonic flaw detector, and the ratio of the brazing area to the entire brazing interface between the insulating board and the circuit board was determined.

これらの結果を表2に示す。

Figure 2012169318
These results are shown in Table 2.
Figure 2012169318

表2の判定の欄において、○は、絶縁板と回路板とのろう付界面全体に対するろう付面積の割合が90%以上であることを示し、×は、絶縁板と回路板とのろう付界面全体に対するろう付面積の割合が80%以下であることを示す。   In the judgment column of Table 2, ○ indicates that the ratio of the brazing area to the entire brazing interface between the insulating plate and the circuit board is 90% or more, and × indicates brazing between the insulating plate and the circuit board. The ratio of the brazing area to the entire interface is 80% or less.

その結果、実施例1〜10で製造されたパワーモジュール用ベースでは、冷熱サイクル試験後にも絶縁板と回路板との間には広範囲にわたる剥離は発生していなかった。これに対し、比較例で製造されたパワーモジュール用ベースでは、冷熱サイクル試験後には絶縁板と回路板との間に広範囲にわたる剥離が発生していた。   As a result, in the power module bases manufactured in Examples 1 to 10, no extensive peeling occurred between the insulating plate and the circuit board even after the thermal cycle test. On the other hand, in the power module base manufactured in the comparative example, extensive peeling occurred between the insulating plate and the circuit board after the thermal cycle test.

(1)(30)(40):パワーモジュール
(2)(31)(41):パワーモジュール用ベース
(3):パワーデバイス
(4)(20)(42):絶縁回路基板
(5):絶縁板
(6):回路板
(7):応力緩和部材
(8):冷却器
(9):貫通穴
(12):残存ろう材層
(13):Si拡散層
(21):ろう材溜穴
(22):硬化ろう材
(43):伝熱板
(1) (30) (40): Power module
(2) (31) (41): Base for power module
(3): Power device
(4) (20) (42): Insulated circuit board
(5): Insulating plate
(6): Circuit board
(7): Stress relaxation member
(8): Cooler
(9): Through hole
(12): Remaining brazing filler metal layer
(13): Si diffusion layer
(21): Brazing hole
(22): Hardened brazing material
(43): Heat transfer plate

Claims (20)

セラミック製絶縁板と、絶縁板の一面にSiを含むろう材によりろう付された純アルミニウム製回路板とを備えた絶縁回路基板であって、
絶縁板と回路板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下である絶縁回路基板。
An insulating circuit board comprising a ceramic insulating plate and a pure aluminum circuit board brazed with a brazing material containing Si on one surface of the insulating plate,
There is a residual brazing filler metal layer containing Si particles between the insulating plate and the circuit board, the thickness of the residual brazing filler metal layer is 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of the Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer is An insulated circuit board that is 20% or less.
回路板に、絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴が形成されている請求項1記載の絶縁回路基板。 The insulated circuit board according to claim 1, wherein a brazing material reservoir hole is formed in the circuit board to open a brazing surface to the insulating plate and to collect a brazing material which has been melted and then cured. 絶縁板における回路板がろう付された面とは反対側の面に、Siを含むろう材により純アルミニウム製伝熱板がろう付され、絶縁板と伝熱板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、当該残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、当該残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下である請求項1または2記載の絶縁回路基板。 A pure aluminum heat transfer plate is brazed to the surface of the insulating plate opposite to the surface where the circuit board is brazed by a brazing material containing Si, and Si particles are included between the insulating plate and the heat transfer plate. The residual brazing filler metal layer is present, the thickness of the residual brazing filler metal layer is 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer is 20% or less. Insulated circuit board. 伝熱板に、絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴が形成されている請求項3記載の絶縁回路基板。 4. The insulated circuit board according to claim 3, wherein a brazing material reservoir hole is formed in the heat transfer plate to open the brazing surface to the insulating plate and to collect the molten and hardened brazing material. 請求項1または2記載の絶縁回路基板の絶縁板における回路板がろう付された面とは反対側の面が、Siを含むろう材によって純アルミニウム製応力緩和部材にろう付され、応力緩和部材における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面が冷却器にろう付され、応力緩和部材と絶縁板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、当該残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、当該残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下であるパワーモジュール用ベース。 3. The surface of the insulating circuit board of the insulated circuit board according to claim 1 opposite to the surface to which the circuit board is brazed is brazed to a pure aluminum stress relaxation member with a brazing material containing Si, and the stress relaxation member. The surface opposite to the surface brazed to the insulating plate is brazed to the cooler, and there is a residual brazing filler metal layer containing Si particles between the stress relaxation member and the insulating plate. A power module base in which the thickness of the material layer is 3 μm or less and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing material layer is 20% or less. 請求項1または2記載の絶縁回路基板の絶縁板における回路板がろう付された面とは反対側の面が、Siを含むろう材によって純アルミニウム製冷却器にろう付され、冷却器と絶縁板との間にSi粒子を含む残存ろう材層が存在しており、当該残存ろう材層の厚さが3μm以下であるとともに、当該残存ろう材層に含まれるSi粒子の面積率が20%以下であるパワーモジュール用ベース。 A surface of the insulating plate of the insulated circuit board according to claim 1, which is opposite to the surface on which the circuit board is brazed, is brazed to a pure aluminum cooler with a brazing material containing Si, and is insulated from the cooler. There is a residual brazing filler metal layer containing Si particles between the plate, the residual brazing filler metal layer has a thickness of 3 μm or less, and the area ratio of Si particles contained in the residual brazing filler metal layer is 20%. The base for the power module is as follows. 請求項3または4記載の絶縁回路基板の伝熱板における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面がアルミニウム製応力緩和部材にろう付され、応力緩和部材における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面が冷却器にろう付されているパワーモジュール用ベース。 5. A heat transfer plate of the insulated circuit board according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the surface opposite to the surface brazed to the insulating plate is brazed to the aluminum stress relaxation member and brazed to the insulating plate of the stress relaxation member. The base for the power module where the surface opposite to the surface is brazed to the cooler. 請求項5〜7のうちのいずれかに記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの絶縁回路基板の回路板における絶縁板にろう付された面とは反対側の面が、電子素子搭載部を有する配線面となされており、当該電子素子搭載部にパワーデバイスがはんだ付されているパワーモジュール。 The surface opposite to the surface brazed to the insulating plate in the circuit board of the insulating circuit board of the power module base according to claim 5 is a wiring surface having an electronic element mounting portion. A power module in which a power device is soldered to the electronic element mounting portion. 請求項5記載のパワーモジュール用ベースを製造する方法であって、
セラミックス製絶縁板、純アルミニウム製回路板、純アルミニウム製応力緩和部材および冷却器を用意し、絶縁板、回路板、応力緩和部材および冷却器を加圧しつつ加熱してろう付すること含み、絶縁板と回路板、および絶縁板と応力緩和部材とのろう付に、それぞれSi7〜13質量%およびSr0.003〜0.1質量%を含むAl−Si系合金からなるろう材を使用することを特徴とするパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。
A method for manufacturing a power module base according to claim 5, comprising:
Insulating board including ceramic insulating board, pure aluminum circuit board, pure aluminum stress relaxation member and cooler, including heating and brazing the insulating board, circuit board, stress relaxation member and cooler while applying pressure Use of a brazing material made of an Al-Si based alloy containing Si 7 to 13% by mass and Sr 0.003 to 0.1% by mass for brazing the plate and the circuit board, and the insulating plate and the stress relaxation member, respectively. A method for manufacturing a base for a power module.
絶縁板、回路板、応力緩和部材および冷却器に対する加圧力を、0.4〜3kgf/cmとする請求項9記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 The manufacturing method of the base for power modules of Claim 9 which sets the applied pressure with respect to an insulating board, a circuit board, a stress relaxation member, and a cooler to 0.4-3 kgf / cm < 2 >. 請求項6記載のパワーモジュール用ベースを製造する方法であって、
セラミックス製絶縁板、純アルミニウム製回路板および純アルミニウム製冷却器を用意し、絶縁板、回路板および冷却器を加圧しつつ加熱してろう付すること含み、絶縁板と回路板、および絶縁板と冷却器とのろう付に、それぞれSi7〜13質量%およびSr0.003〜0.1質量%を含むAl−Si系合金からなるろう材を使用することを特徴とするパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。
A method for manufacturing a power module base according to claim 6, comprising:
Insulating board, circuit board, and insulating board including ceramic insulating board, pure aluminum circuit board and pure aluminum cooler, including heating and brazing the insulating board, circuit board and cooler while applying pressure A base for a power module characterized by using a brazing material made of an Al-Si alloy containing 7 to 13 mass% of Si and 0.003 to 0.1 mass% of Sr, respectively, for brazing of the steel and the cooler Method.
絶縁板、回路板および冷却器に対する加圧力を、0.4〜3kgf/cmとする請求項11記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 The manufacturing method of the base for power modules of Claim 11 which sets the applied pressure with respect to an insulating board, a circuit board, and a cooler to 0.4-3 kgf / cm < 2 >. 回路板に、絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴を複数形成しておく請求項9〜12のうちのいずれかに記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 The power module according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein a plurality of brazing material reservoir holes are formed in the circuit board so as to open a brazing surface to the insulating plate and accumulate the molten and hardened brazing material. Base manufacturing method. 回路板の全ろう材溜穴の内容積の合計をX、用いるろう材の体積をYとした場合、0.1≦X/Yという関係を満たす請求項13記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 14. The method for manufacturing a base for a power module according to claim 13, wherein X is the total inner volume of all brazing material reservoir holes of the circuit board, and Y is the volume of the brazing material used. . 請求項7記載のパワーモジュール用ベースを製造する方法であって、
セラミックス製絶縁板、純アルミニウム製回路板、純アルミニウム製伝熱板、応力緩和部材および冷却器を用意し、絶縁板、回路板、伝熱板、応力緩和部材および冷却器を加圧しつつ加熱してろう付すること含み、絶縁板と回路板、および絶縁板と伝熱板とのろう付に、それぞれSi7〜13質量%およびSr0.003〜0.1質量%を含むAl−Si系合金からなるろう材を使用することを特徴とするパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。
A method for manufacturing a power module base according to claim 7,
Prepare ceramic insulating plate, pure aluminum circuit board, pure aluminum heat transfer plate, stress relaxation member and cooler, and heat the insulation plate, circuit board, heat transfer plate, stress relaxation member and cooler while applying pressure. Brazing of the insulating plate and the circuit board, and the insulating plate and the heat transfer plate from an Al-Si based alloy containing Si 7 to 13% by mass and Sr 0.003 to 0.1% by mass, respectively. A method for producing a base for a power module, characterized by using a brazing material.
絶縁板、回路板、伝熱板、応力緩和部材および冷却器に対する加圧力を、0.4〜3kgf/cmとする請求項15記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 The manufacturing method of the base for power modules of Claim 15 which sets the applied pressure with respect to an insulating board, a circuit board, a heat exchanger plate, a stress relaxation member, and a cooler to 0.4-3 kgf / cm < 2 >. 回路板および伝熱板に、それぞれ絶縁板へのろう付面に開口しかつ溶融した後硬化したろう材を溜めるろう材溜穴を複数形成しておく請求項15または16記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 17. The base for a power module according to claim 15 or 16, wherein a plurality of brazing material reservoir holes are formed in the circuit board and the heat transfer plate, each of which is opened on a brazing surface to the insulating plate and accumulates the molten and hardened brazing material. Manufacturing method. 回路板の全ろう材溜穴の内容積の合計をX、用いるろう材の体積をYとした場合、0.1≦X/Yという関係を満たす請求項17記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 18. The method for manufacturing a power module base according to claim 17, wherein X is a total inner volume of all brazing material reservoir holes of the circuit board, and Y is a volume of the brazing material used. . Al−Si系合金からなるろう材が、さらにBi0.03〜0.2質量%を含む請求項9〜18のうちのいずれかに記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 The manufacturing method of the base for power modules in any one of Claims 9-18 in which the brazing material which consists of Al-Si type-alloy contains Bi0.03-0.2 mass% further. ろう付温度まで加熱してろう材を溶融させた後冷却する際に、580℃から560℃までの冷却を、冷却速度5℃/min以下で行う請求項9〜19のうちのいずれかに記載のパワーモジュール用ベースの製造方法。 The cooling from 580 ° C. to 560 ° C. is performed at a cooling rate of 5 ° C./min or less when the brazing material is melted by heating to a brazing temperature and then cooled. Manufacturing method for power module base.
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WO2021200801A1 (en) * 2020-03-30 2021-10-07 デンカ株式会社 Ceramic circuit board, electronic device, metal member, and production method for ceramic circuit board
JPWO2021200801A1 (en) * 2020-03-30 2021-10-07
JP7208439B2 (en) 2020-03-30 2023-01-18 デンカ株式会社 Ceramic circuit board, electronic device, metal member, and method for manufacturing ceramic circuit board

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