JP2012149883A - Heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat pump device capable of heating water to a high temperature by connecting one or more load-side units to one heat source-side unit.SOLUTION: A water heater 100 (heat pump device) includes: a heat source-side unit 10, which mounts a first compressor 11, a four-way selector valve 12 and a heat source-side heat exchanger 13; and a load-side unit 50, which mounts a first flow rate control device 51, a first load-side heat exchanger 52, a second compressor 53, a second load-side heat exchanger 54 and a second flow rate control device 55. The first compressor 11, four-way selector valve 12, heat source-side heat exchanger 13, first flow rate control device 51 and first load-side heat exchanger 52 are sequentially connected with a liquid pipe line 1 and a gas pipe line 2 to constitute a main circuit A. The second compressor 53, second load-side heat exchanger 54, second flow rate control device 55 and first load-side heat exchanger 52 are sequentially connected by a load-side refrigerant pipe line 56 to constitute a load-side refrigerant circuit B.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump device in which one or a plurality of load-side units (water heaters or indoor units) are connected to one heat source side unit (outdoor unit), and in particular, water used for hot water supply can be heated to a high temperature. The present invention relates to a heat pump device.

  Conventionally, there is a multi-type air conditioner in which a plurality of load side units are connected in parallel to one heat source side unit via two refrigerant pipes. This air conditioner is equipped with a compressor, a four-way switching valve, and an outdoor heat exchanger (heat source side heat exchanger) in the heat source side unit, and an expansion device and an indoor heat exchanger (load side) in the load side unit. And a heat exchanger). According to such an air conditioner, each load-side unit can selectively and independently execute a hot water supply operation, a cooling operation, or a heating operation. That is, a cooling operation can be performed simultaneously with one indoor unit, a heating operation with another indoor unit, and a hot water supply operation with another indoor unit.

  As such, “with respect to one heat source unit composed of a refrigerant compressor, a four-way switching valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, an accumulator, a refrigerant flow path switching device, etc., an indoor side heat exchanger, a first 1st water use side heat which performs heat exchange between the 1 unit or several indoor unit comprised by the refrigerant | coolant flow control apparatus of this, and the utilization water sent to the refrigerant | coolant from the said heat-source unit, and water utilization object One or a plurality of first water temperature controllers composed of an exchanger, a water-use-side refrigerant flow rate control device, and the like are connected in parallel via first and second connection pipes, respectively, One of the refrigerant inlets and outlets of the indoor heat exchanger of the machine or one of the refrigerant inlets and outlets of the first water use side heat exchanger of the first water temperature controller is connected to the first connection pipe or the second connection pipe. A first branch portion having a switching valve that is switchably connected to the interior of the indoor unit, Connect the other refrigerant inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger or the other refrigerant inlet / outlet of the first water use side heat exchanger of the first water temperature controller to the second connecting pipe via the first refrigerant flow control device. An air conditioner has been proposed in which a second branch portion connected to is connected via a second refrigerant flow control device (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  This air conditioner does not require the preparation of two air conditioning heat source units and water heating heat source units, and realizes hot water supply operation, cooling operation or heating operation in each indoor unit with a simple configuration. It is possible. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce equipment costs, operation and maintenance costs, etc., for the heat source unit for water heating. Also, in the intermediate period such as spring and autumn when there are many opportunities to simultaneously perform cooling operation and heating at the same time, waste heat during cooling operation can be reused first with a water temperature controller to reduce energy consumption. Is also possible.

JP-A-8-261599 (page 4, Fig. 1)

  The above air conditioner has a load-side unit connected in parallel, and uses a load-side unit that performs a hot-water supply operation in order to perform all of the hot-water supply operation, the cooling operation, and the heating operation with one heat source unit. There was a problem that the width would be narrow. In other words, the load-side unit that performs the hot water supply operation is limited to a use form in which hot water is supplied to a device that does not require a relatively high temperature (for example, a hot water pool or the like). In addition, it is conceivable that the load-side unit is equipped with a hot water storage tank, etc., and the water is heated after boiling it to a high temperature. However, the water must always be boiled in preparation for the hot water supply. The efficiency will be reduced. Therefore, it is required not only to realize the effects of the air conditioning apparatus described above, but also to realize various usage forms of the load side unit.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. One or a plurality of load-side units are connected to one heat-source-side unit, and water is heated to a high temperature without a complicated circuit configuration. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat pump device that can be heated.

  The heat pump device according to the present invention includes a heat source unit equipped with a first compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, a first flow rate control device, a first load side heat exchanger, a second compressor, A first load-side unit, which is equipped with a second load-side heat exchanger and a second flow rate control device and heats water with the second load-side heat exchanger, and the first flow rate control device and the first load-side heat exchange And a second load side unit that heats the room with the first load side heat exchanger, the first flow rate control device of the first load side unit and the first load side A heat exchanger, the first flow control device of the second load side unit, and the first load side heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, the first compressor, the heat source side heat exchanger, the first The first flow rate control device and the first load side heat exchanger of the one load side unit, and the second load side unit. The first flow rate control device and the first load side heat exchanger are sequentially connected by a refrigerant pipe to form a main circuit, the second compressor, the second load side heat exchanger, and the first 2 flow rate control device and the first load-side heat exchanger of the first load-side unit are sequentially connected by refrigerant piping to constitute a load-side refrigerant circuit, and R134a is used as the refrigerant of the load-side refrigerant circuit, The refrigerant compressed by the first compressor flows into the first load side heat exchanger of the first load side unit and the first load side heat exchanger of the second load side unit, and the second load The indoor unit is heated by the side unit, and the R134a refrigerant compressed at a compression ratio of 1 to 3 by the second compressor is caused to flow into the second load side heat exchanger of the first load side unit to obtain a condensation temperature of 80 It is characterized by being condensed and liquefied at a temperature of from 100 ° C to 100 ° C.

  The heat pump device according to the present invention includes a load side refrigerant circuit in addition to the main circuit, uses R134a as the refrigerant of the load side refrigerant circuit, and converts the refrigerant compressed by the first compressor to the first load side unit. The air flows into the first load side heat exchanger of the first load side heat exchanger and the second load side unit, heats the room by the second load side unit, and is compressed by the second compressor Since the R134a refrigerant compressed at a ratio of 1 to 3 flows into the second load side heat exchanger of the first load side unit and is condensed and liquefied at a condensation temperature of 80 ° C. to 100 ° C., air conditioning, water cooling, water Can be heated in the load-side refrigerant circuit, and the operation efficiency can be improved. That is, by providing the load-side refrigerant circuit, the capacity of the main circuit can be enhanced, and the operation efficiency can be improved. Moreover, when using a 1st load side unit for the heating use of water, water can be heated to high temperature.

3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of the water heater according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a graph which shows the physical-property value of the refrigerant | coolant which can be used for a load side refrigerant circuit. It is a refrigerant circuit diagram which shows the refrigerant circuit structure of the hot water supply air conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of a hot water supply air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant circuit configuration of a water heater according to Embodiment 4. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant circuit configuration of water heater 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 1, the refrigerant circuit configuration of the water heater 100 will be described. This hot water heater 100 is installed in a building, an apartment, etc., and uses a refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) that circulates a refrigerant so that it can be used for a hot water pool, floor heating, shower, bathtub, beverage, etc. It is a heat pump device that can supply hot water. In addition, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relationship of the size of each component may be different from the actual one.

  The water heater 100 is roughly composed of a heat source side unit 10 and a load side unit 50 (first load side unit). The heat source side unit 10 and the load side unit 50 are sequentially connected and communicated by a liquid pipe 1 that is a refrigerant pipe and a gas pipe 2 that is a refrigerant pipe. By connecting the various refrigerant equipment in the heat source side unit 10 and the refrigeration equipment (the first flow control device 51 and the first load side heat exchanger 52) in the heat source side unit 50 with the liquid pipe 1 and the gas pipe 2. A main circuit A is configured. In addition, the water pipe 3 is electrically connected to the second load side heat exchanger 54 of the load side unit 50, and the water pipe 3 supplies water that has been changed to hot water or cold water by the second load side heat exchanger 54. It is designed to be supplied to a predetermined place.

  The heat source side unit 10 includes a first compressor 11 that is a refrigeration device, a four-way switching valve 12 that is a flow path switching valve, a heat source side heat exchanger 13, and an accumulator 14. Further, the heat source side unit 10 includes a discharge pressure detection device 15 that is a pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 11, and a pressure that detects the pressure of the refrigerant sucked into the first compressor 11. A suction pressure detection device 16 as a sensor is provided. Furthermore, although not shown in figure, the control apparatus which controls ventilation means, such as a fan for supplying air to the heat source side heat exchanger 13, and the 1st compressor 11 and the four-way switching valve 12, is provided.

  The first compressor 11 sucks the refrigerant flowing through the liquid pipe 1 and compresses the refrigerant to a high temperature / high pressure state. For example, the first compressor 11 is of a type in which the rotation speed is controlled by an inverter and the capacity is controlled. Configure. The four-way switching valve 12 switches the flow of refrigerant when supplying hot water or cold water. The heat source side heat exchanger 13 functions as an evaporator when supplying hot water, functions as a condenser when supplying cold water, and performs heat exchange between air and refrigerant supplied from an air blower (not shown). The refrigerant is vaporized or condensed into liquid.

  The accumulator 14 is arrange | positioned between the four-way switching valve 12 and the 1st compressor 11, and stores an excessive refrigerant | coolant. Due to the presence of the accumulator 14, gas-liquid separation is possible. In addition, the accumulator 14 should just be a container which can store an excessive refrigerant | coolant. The discharge pressure detection device 15 is installed in the discharge side piping between the first compressor 11 and the four-way switching valve 12 and detects the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor 11. The suction pressure detection device 16 is installed in a suction side pipe between the four-way switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14 and detects the pressure of the refrigerant sucked into the first compressor 11. The pressure information detected by the discharge pressure detection device 15 and the suction pressure detection device 16 is sent to a control device (not shown).

  The load side unit 50 includes a first flow rate control device 51, which is a refrigeration device, a first load side heat exchanger 52, a second compressor 53, a second load side heat exchanger 54, and a second flow rate control. The device is mounted. The first load-side heat exchanger 52, the second compressor 53, the second load-side heat exchanger 54, and the second flow rate control device are sequentially connected via the load-side refrigerant pipe 56 to communicate with each other. ing. The load-side refrigerant circuit B is configured by connecting various refrigeration equipment in the load-side unit 50 with the load-side refrigerant pipe 56. Furthermore, although not shown in figure, the ventilation means, such as a fan for supplying air to the 1st load side heat exchanger 52, is provided.

  The first flow control device 51 functions as a pressure reducing valve or an expansion valve, and decompresses the refrigerant to expand it. The first flow rate control device 51 may be configured by a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, for example, an electronic expansion valve. Further, the first flow control device 51 controls the open / close state by the degree of superheat on the outlet side of the first load-side heat exchanger 52 when supplying cold water, and also by the degree of supercooling on the outlet side when supplying hot water. Good. The first load side heat exchanger 52 functions as a condenser when supplying hot water, functions as an evaporator when supplying cold water, and exchanges heat between air and refrigerant supplied from a blower means (not shown). The refrigerant is condensed into liquefied or evaporated gas.

  The second compressor 53 sucks the refrigerant flowing through the load-side refrigerant pipe 56 and compresses the refrigerant to a high temperature / high pressure state. For example, the second compressor 53 is of a type in which the rotation speed is controlled and the capacity is controlled by an inverter. It should be composed of things. The second load-side heat exchanger 54 functions as a condenser when supplying hot water, functions as an evaporator when supplying cold water, and performs heat exchange between water and the refrigerant conducted through the water pipe 3, The refrigerant is condensed or liquefied or evaporated. The second flow rate control device 55 functions as a pressure reducing valve or an expansion valve, and decompresses the refrigerant to expand it. The first flow rate control device 51 may be configured by a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, for example, an electronic expansion valve.

  That is, the water heater 100 includes two refrigeration cycles (the main circuit A and the load-side refrigerant circuit B), and can heat the water passing through the water pipe 3 to a high temperature. Therefore, the load-side refrigerant circuit B in the load-side unit 50 fulfills a function for enhancing the capacity of the main circuit A. Here, the case where water that is conducted through the water pipe 3 is heated is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The load-side refrigerant pipe 56 is provided with a four-way switching valve in the load-side unit 50. By switching the flow of the refrigerant that conducts the water, the water that conducts the water pipe 3 can be cooled.

Here, the operation of the water heater 100 will be described.
First, the operation of supplying cold water will be described. First, the refrigerant made high temperature and high pressure by the first compressor 11 is discharged from the first compressor 11 and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 through the four-way switching valve 12. The refrigerant flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 exchanges heat with the outside air to be condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat and changes its state to liquid. The condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe 1 and flows into the first flow rate control device 51 in the load side unit 50. At this time, the operating capacity of the first compressor 11 may be controlled so that the refrigerant pressure detected by the suction pressure detection device 16 becomes a predetermined pressure set in advance.

  The refrigerant that has flowed into the first flow control device 51 is depressurized, and changes its state to a refrigerant in a low-pressure two-phase state of liquid and gas. This two-phase refrigerant flows into the first load-side heat exchanger 52, exchanges heat with the outside air, and evaporates. That is, heat is absorbed from the outside air (cooling the outside air), and the state changes to gas. The evaporated gas refrigerant flows out of the first load-side heat exchanger 52, flows through the gas pipe 2, passes through the four-way switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14, and is sucked into the first compressor 11 again.

  On the other hand, in the load-side unit 50, the refrigerant that has been heated to a high temperature and high pressure by the second compressor 53 is discharged from the second compressor 53, and passes through a four-way switching valve (not shown) to perform the first load-side heat exchange. Flows into the vessel 52. The refrigerant flowing into the first load-side heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit A to be condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat and changes its state to liquid. The condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows through the load-side refrigerant pipe 56 and flows into the second flow rate control device 55. The refrigerant that has flowed into the second flow control device 55 is depressurized and changes its state into a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant of liquid and gas.

  The refrigerant in the two-phase state flows into the second load-side heat exchanger 54 and exchanges heat with water that is conducted through the water pipe 3 to be evaporated and gasified. That is, it absorbs heat from water (cools the water) and changes its state to gas. The evaporated gas refrigerant flows out of the second load side heat exchanger 54 and is sucked into the second compressor 53 again via the four-way switching valve. In this way, the water passing through the water pipe 3 can be cooled to produce cold water. That is, the capacity of the water heater 100 is improved by providing the load-side refrigerant circuit B between the main circuit A and the water pipe 3 instead of making cold water directly in the main circuit A.

  Next, the driving | operation operation | movement in the case of supplying warm water is demonstrated. First, the refrigerant made high temperature and high pressure in the first compressor 11 is discharged from the first compressor 11 and passes through the four-way switching valve 12 to the first load side heat exchanger 52 in the load side unit 50. Inflow. At this time, the operating capacity of the first compressor 11 may be controlled so that the refrigerant pressure detected by the discharge pressure detection device 15 becomes a predetermined pressure set in advance. The refrigerant that has flowed into the first load-side heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat with the refrigerant that flows through the load-side refrigerant circuit B to be condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat and changes its state to liquid. The condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe 1 and flows into the first flow rate control device 51.

  The refrigerant that has flowed into the first flow control device 51 is depressurized, and changes its state to a refrigerant in a low-pressure two-phase state of liquid and gas. The refrigerant in the two-phase state flows out from the load side unit 50, flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 13, exchanges heat with the outside air, and evaporates. That is, the heat is absorbed from the outside air (cooling the outside air), and the state changes to gas. The evaporated gasified refrigerant flows out of the heat source side heat exchanger 13, flows through the gas pipe 2, passes through the four-way switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14, and is sucked again into the first compressor 11.

  On the other hand, in the load side unit 50, the refrigerant that has been made high temperature and high pressure by the second compressor 53 is discharged from the second compressor 53, and passes through a four-way switching valve (not shown) to perform the second load side heat exchange. Flows into the vessel 54. The refrigerant that has flowed into the second load-side heat exchanger 54 exchanges heat with water that is conducted through the water pipe 3 to be condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat (heats water) and changes its state to a liquid. The condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows through the load-side refrigerant pipe 56 and flows into the second flow rate control device 55. The refrigerant that has flowed into the second flow control device 55 is depressurized and changes its state into a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant of liquid and gas.

  This two-phase refrigerant flows into the first load-side heat exchanger 52 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit A to be evaporated. That is, the refrigerant absorbs heat (cools the refrigerant) and changes its state to gas. The evaporated gas refrigerant flows out of the first load side heat exchanger 52 and is sucked into the second compressor 53 again via the four-way switching valve. At this time, the evaporation temperature when the refrigerant evaporates in the first load-side heat exchanger 52 is 50 ° C. or higher. That is, the high-temperature gas refrigerant evaporated into gas by the first load-side heat exchanger 52 is sucked into the second compressor 53 and compressed / discharged.

  Therefore, the condensation temperature when this gas refrigerant exchanges heat with water passing through the water pipe 3 in the second load-side heat exchanger 54 to be condensed and liquefied becomes 80 ° C. to 100 ° C., and heats the water to a high temperature. It becomes possible. In this way, the water that is conducted through the water pipe 3 can be heated to produce hot hot water. That is, instead of making hot water directly in the main circuit A, the load-side refrigerant circuit B is provided between the main circuit A and the water pipe 3, thereby improving the capacity of the water heater 100. The first flow rate control device 51 may be mounted in the heat source side unit 10.

  FIG. 2 is a graph showing physical property values of refrigerants that can be used in the load-side refrigerant circuit B. Based on FIG. 2, an example of the refrigerant | coolant which can be used for the load side refrigerant circuit B is demonstrated. In FIG. 2, the physical property values of the refrigerant of R134a are shown, and the horizontal axis indicates pressure [MPa] and the vertical axis indicates saturation temperature [° C.]. As shown in FIG. 2, this refrigerant has a condensation pressure of 4 MPa or less even when the condensation temperature is 100 ° C. Therefore, the load side refrigerant pipe 56 does not need to be made of a material having a special pressure resistance, and the load side refrigerant pipe 56 can be made of a general material.

  In other words, since existing piping is not used or made of a special material, it is possible to reduce the cost required for manufacturing and the cost when the load-side unit 50 is disposed, and it is safe. It can be configured and hot water can be made. In addition, the refrigerant | coolant which can be used for the load side refrigerant circuit B is not limited to R134a. A refrigerant having a physical property value similar to that shown in FIG. 2 may be used for the load-side refrigerant circuit B. For example, a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, a pseudo-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, a single refrigerant, or the like having a physical property value close to R134a can be used. Further, a refrigerant having a high operating pressure may be used as long as a pressure-resistant piping can be produced at a low cost.

  Here, the refrigerant used in the load-side refrigerant circuit B has been described, but the refrigerant used in the main circuit A is not particularly limited. For example, depending on the location where a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture (R407C, etc.), a pseudo-azeotropic refrigerant mixture (R410A, R404A), a single refrigerant (carbon dioxide, propane, isobutane, ammonia, etc.) is installed, the use of the water heater 100, etc. It is good to decide. It is also possible to replace the water heater 100 with an air conditioner and cause the load side unit 50 to function as an indoor unit. In this case, the operation when supplying cold water is the cooling operation, and the operation when supplying hot water is the heating operation.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant circuit configuration of hot water supply air conditioner 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 3, the refrigerant circuit structure of the hot water supply air conditioner 200 will be described. The hot water supply air conditioner 200 includes the hot water heater 100 according to Embodiment 1, and is configured by further connecting other load side units in parallel. That is, the hot water supply air conditioner 200 is a heat pump device that is installed in a building, a condominium, or the like and can perform hot water supply operation, cooling operation, and heating operation independently and independently by each load side unit. In the second embodiment, the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

  In the first embodiment, the case where one load-side unit 50 is used for hot water supply is described as an example. However, in the second embodiment, the load-side unit 50 is used for hot water supply and the load-side unit 50a is used. The (second load side unit) and the load side unit 50b (second load side unit) are used as indoor units for air conditioning. That is, the load-side unit 50 supplies hot water or cold water, and the load-side unit 50a and the load-side unit 50b perform indoor cooling operation or heating operation. Each operation is performed independently and independently in each load-side unit. It can be done.

  A first flow rate control device 51a, which is a refrigeration device, and a first load side heat exchanger 52a are connected and mounted in series on the load side unit 50a. The load side unit 50 a is connected to the main circuit A so as to be in parallel with the load side unit 50. Moreover, although not shown in figure, the ventilation means, such as a fan for supplying air to the 1st load side heat exchanger 52a, is provided. A first flow rate control device 51b, which is a refrigeration device, and a first load side heat exchanger 52b are connected in series and mounted on the load side unit 50b. The load side unit 50 b is connected to the main circuit A so as to be in parallel with the load side unit 50. Moreover, although not shown in figure, the ventilation means, such as a fan for supplying air to the 1st load side heat exchanger 52b, is provided.

  Similar to the first flow control device 51, the first flow control device 51a and the first flow control device 51b function as a pressure reducing valve and an expansion valve, and decompress the refrigerant to expand it. The flow rate control device 51a and the first flow rate control device 51b may be configured by a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, for example, an electronic expansion valve. In addition, the first flow control device 51a and the first flow control device 51b have the same outlet during heating due to the degree of superheat on the outlet side of the first load side heat exchanger 52a and the first load side heat exchanger 52b during cooling. The open / close state may be controlled by the degree of supercooling on the side. The first load-side heat exchanger 52a and the first load-side heat exchanger 52b function as a condenser during heating, function as an evaporator during cooling, and are supplied with air and refrigerant supplied from blowing means (not shown). Heat is exchanged between the two, and the refrigerant is condensed into liquefied or evaporated gas.

Here, the operation of the hot water supply air conditioner 200 will be described.
First, the operation during the cooling operation will be described. First, the refrigerant made high temperature and high pressure by the first compressor 11 is discharged from the first compressor 11 and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 through the four-way switching valve 12. The refrigerant flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 exchanges heat with the outside air to be condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat and changes its state to liquid. The condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe 1 and flows into the first flow rate control device 51 of the load side unit 50, the first flow rate control device 51a of the load side unit 50a, and the first flow rate control device 51b of the load side unit 50b. . At this time, the operating capacity of the first compressor 11 may be controlled so that the refrigerant pressure detected by the suction pressure detection device 16 becomes a predetermined pressure set in advance.

  The refrigerant that has flowed into the first flow control device 51, the first flow control device 51a, and the first flow control device 51b is depressurized and changes to a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant of liquid and gas. In the load-side unit 50a and the load-side unit 50b, the two-phase refrigerant flows into the first load-side heat exchanger 52a and the first load-side heat exchanger 52b, exchanges heat with the outside air, and evaporates. . That is, heat is absorbed from the outside air (cooling the outside air), and the state changes to gas. The evaporated gas refrigerant flows out of the first load side heat exchanger 52a and the first load side heat exchanger 52b, flows through the gas pipe 2, passes through the four-way switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14, and then passes through the first compressor. 11 is inhaled again.

  On the other hand, as described in the first embodiment, in the load-side unit 50, heat exchange is performed between the load-side refrigerant circuit B and the main circuit A, thereby cooling the water that is conducted through the water pipe 3, and cooling water Can be made. Thus, in the hot water supply air conditioner 200, during the cooling operation, the load-side unit 50a and the load-side unit 50b can cool the air and cool the indoor side, and the load-side unit 50 allows the water pipe 3 to be conducted. You can cool the water and make cold water. That is, the cooling operation and the water cooling operation can be simultaneously executed by the same heat source side unit 10.

  Next, operation during heating operation will be described. First, the refrigerant made high temperature and high pressure in the first compressor 11 is discharged from the first compressor 11, passes through the four-way switching valve 12, the first load side heat exchanger 52 of the load side unit 50, the load It flows into the first load side heat exchanger 52a of the side unit 50a and the first load side heat exchanger 52b of the load side unit 50b. At this time, the operating capacity of the first compressor 11 may be controlled so that the refrigerant pressure detected by the discharge pressure detection device 15 becomes a predetermined pressure set in advance. The refrigerant that has flowed into the first load-side heat exchanger 52a and the first load-side heat exchanger 52b exchanges heat with the outside air and is condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat (warms the outside air) and changes its state to liquid. The condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe 1 and flows into the first flow control device 51a and the first flow control device 51b.

  On the other hand, as described in the first embodiment, in the load-side unit 50, heat exchange is performed between the load-side refrigerant circuit B and the main circuit A, and the water that is conducted through the water pipe 3 is heated. Can be made. And the refrigerant | coolant which flowed into the 1st flow control apparatus 51, the 1st flow control apparatus 51a, and the 1st flow control apparatus 51b is pressure-reduced, and changes into a refrigerant | coolant of the low pressure two-phase state of a liquid and gas. The refrigerant in the two-phase state flows out of the load side unit 50, the load side unit 50a, and the load side unit 50b, flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 13, and exchanges heat with the outside air to evaporate. That is, the heat is absorbed from the outside air (cooling the outside air), and the state changes to gas. The evaporated gasified refrigerant flows out of the heat source side heat exchanger 13, flows through the gas pipe 2, passes through the four-way switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14, and is sucked again into the first compressor 11.

  Thus, in the hot water supply air conditioner 200, during the heating operation, the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b can warm the air and heat the indoor side, and the load side unit 50 allows the water pipe 3 to be conducted. You can make hot water by heating the water. That is, the heating operation and the water heating operation can be simultaneously performed by the same heat source side unit 10. As described above, in the hot water supply air conditioner 200, the load side unit 50, the load side unit 50a, and the load side unit 50b can be used in various usage forms.

  It is also possible to use the load side unit 50 as an indoor unit and the load side unit 50a or the load side unit 50b for hot water supply. Although FIG. 3 shows an example in which two load-side units for air conditioning are mounted on one load-side unit for hot water supply, the present invention is not limited to this combination. In the hot water supply air conditioner 200, two load-side units may be mounted, or four or more load-side units may be mounted. Moreover, each load side unit is good to determine a usage form according to the place and use which are installed. Further, the first flow control device 50, the first flow control device 50 a and the first flow control device 50 b may be mounted in the heat source side unit 10.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant circuit configuration of hot water supply air-conditioning apparatus 300 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 4, the refrigerant circuit structure of the hot water supply air conditioner 300 will be described. This hot water supply air conditioner 300 is installed in a building, a condominium, etc., like hot water supply air conditioner 200 according to Embodiment 2, and can perform hot water supply operation, cooling operation, and heating operation independently and independently in each load side unit. It is a heat pump device that can. In the third embodiment, the difference from the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. Therefore, the description will be omitted.

  In the second embodiment, the case where the three load side units are simply connected in parallel has been described as an example. However, in the third embodiment, the three load side units are connected in parallel and the repeater 30 is connected. It is featured that it is possible to efficiently carry out the operation of each load-side unit (indoor cooling operation and heating operation, water cooling operation and heating operation). That is, the hot water supply air conditioner 200 can efficiently perform each operation independently and independently by each load side unit.

  In the heat source side unit 10, the liquid pipe 1 and the gas pipe 2 are connected by the first connection pipe 4 and the second connection pipe 5. The first connection pipe 4 is provided with a sixth check valve 35 that allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the gas pipe 2 to the liquid pipe 1. The second connection pipe 5 is also provided with a fifth check valve 34 that allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the gas pipe 2 to the liquid pipe 1. Further, a third check valve 32 is provided between the connection portions of the first connection pipe 4 and the second connection pipe 5 of the liquid pipe 1, and the first connection pipe 4 and the second connection of the gas pipe 2. A fourth check valve 33 is provided between the connecting portions of the pipe 5. The third check valve 32 allows only the refrigerant flowing from the heat source side heat exchanger 13, and the fourth check valve 33 allows only the refrigerant directed to the four-way switching valve 12.

  The relay machine 30 is provided between the heat source unit 10 and each load unit. This relay machine 30 is connected to the heat source side unit 10 by the gas pipe 2 connected to the four-way switching valve 12 and the liquid pipe 1 connected to the heat source side heat exchanger 13, and the first load of the load side unit 50a. Side heat exchanger 52a, load side unit 50b, first load side heat exchanger 52b of load side unit 50, and load side unit side branch pipe 9a, branch pipe 9b connected to first load side heat exchanger 52 of load side unit 50, and A branch on the side of the load side unit connected to the branch pipe 9, the first flow rate control device 51a of the load side unit 50a, the first flow rate control device 51b of the load side unit 50b, and the first flow rate control device 51 of the load side unit 50. Each load side unit is connected by a pipe 8a, a branch pipe 8b, and a branch pipe 8.

  Further, the relay unit 30 includes a first branch part 41, a second flow rate control device 38, a second branch part 40, a gas-liquid separator 36, a first heat exchange part 37, a second heat exchange part 31, and a third flow rate. A control device 39 is mounted. The second branch portion 40 has a function of selectively connecting the branch pipe 9 a and the branch pipes 9 b and 9 on the load side unit side to the gas pipe 2 or the liquid pipe 1. The second branch portion 40 has one end connected to the branch pipe 9a, the branch pipe 9b, and the branch pipe 9 on the load side unit side, and the other end connected to the gas pipe 2 at the other end. The device 45 and three first valve devices 44, one end of which is connected to the branch pipe 9a, the branch pipe 9b and the branch pipe 9 on the load side unit side, and the other end is connected to the liquid pipe 1 at the same time. It is configured.

  And the 2nd branch part 40 of the relay machine 30 closes the 1st valve apparatus 44 by the control apparatus not shown in figure, and controls the opening of the 2nd valve apparatus 45, thereby the branch pipe 9a on the load side unit side, the branch pipe 9b and the branch pipe 9 are connected to the gas pipe 2 to determine the flow of the refrigerant. Further, the second branching section 40 of the relay machine 30 controls the opening of the first valve device 44 and the closing of the second valve device 45 by a control device (not shown), so that the branch pipe 9a and the branch pipe on the load side unit side are controlled. 9b and the branch pipe 9 are connected to the liquid pipe 1 to determine the flow of the refrigerant.

  The first branch portion 41 of the relay machine 30 includes a first check valve 43 and a second check valve having one ends connected to the branch pipe 8a, the branch pipe 8b, and the branch pipe 8 on the load side unit in an antiparallel relationship. 42, the meeting part 23 which connected each other end of the 1st check valve 43 collectively, and the meeting part 22 which connected each other end of the 2nd check valve 42 collectively. The gas-liquid separation device 36 is provided in the middle of the liquid pipe 1, its gas phase portion is connected to the first valve device 44 of the second branch portion 40, and its liquid phase portion is connected to the first branch portion 41. Yes.

  The second flow rate control device 38 is connected between the gas-liquid separator 36 and the first branch portion 41, functions as a pressure reducing valve or an expansion valve, and expands the refrigerant by decompressing it. The second flow rate control device 38 may be constituted by a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, for example, an electronic expansion valve. The bypass pipe 6 connects the first branch part 41 and the gas pipe 2 to conduct the refrigerant. The third flow rate control device 39 is provided in the middle of the bypass pipe 6, functions as a pressure reducing valve or an expansion valve, and expands the refrigerant by reducing the pressure. The second flow rate control device 38 may be constituted by a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, for example, an electronic expansion valve.

  The second heat exchanging unit 31 exchanges heat between the downstream portion of the third flow control device 39 of the bypass pipe 6 and the pipe extending from the second flow control device 38 to the meeting portion 22 of the first branch portion 41. Is. The first heat exchanging unit 37 performs heat exchange between a downstream portion of the second heat exchanging unit 31 of the bypass pipe 6 and a pipe connecting the gas-liquid separator 36 and the second flow rate controller 38. It is. Further, the relay machine 30 is provided in a pipe between the second flow rate control device 38 and the gas-liquid separation device 36, and a pressure detection device 47 that detects the pressure of the refrigerant that conducts this portion, and the second flow rate control. A pressure detection device 46 is provided that is provided in a pipe between the device 38 and the first branch portion 41 and detects the pressure of the refrigerant that conducts through this portion.

  Here, the operation of the hot water supply air conditioner 300 will be described. In this hot water supply air conditioner 300, three types of driving operations are executed. That is, an operation operation (hereinafter referred to as cooling cooling operation) in which the cooling operation is performed by the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b and the water cooling operation is performed by the load side unit 50, respectively, and the load side unit 50a and the load side unit. An operation operation (hereinafter, referred to as a heating / heating operation) in which heating operation is performed at 50b and a water heating operation is performed in the load-side unit 50, and an operation operation in which each load-side unit performs a different operation (for example, simultaneous cooling / heating operation) Etc.).

  First, the cooling / cooling operation will be described. First, the refrigerant made high temperature and high pressure by the first compressor 11 is discharged from the first compressor 11 and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 through the four-way switching valve 12. The refrigerant flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 exchanges heat with the outside air to be condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat and changes its state to liquid. The condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe 1 and flows into the repeater 30 via the third check valve 32. The refrigerant that has flowed into the relay machine 30 flows into the first branch portion 41 via the gas-liquid separator 36 and the second flow rate controller 38.

  The refrigerant that has flowed into the first branch portion 41 is branched into the branch pipe 8a, the branch pipe 8b, and the branch pipe 8 at the meeting portion 22, and the first flow rate control device 51a of the load side unit 50a and the first of the load side unit 50b. It flows into the flow control device 51b. At this time, the operating capacity of the first compressor 11 may be controlled so that the refrigerant pressure detected by the suction pressure detection device 16 becomes a predetermined pressure set in advance. The first flow rate control device 51a and the first flow rate control device 51b may control the opening degree according to the degree of superheat at the outlets of the first load side heat exchanger 52a and the first load side heat exchanger 52b.

  The refrigerant that has flowed into the first flow control device 51a and the first flow control device 51b is decompressed and changes to a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant of liquid and gas. In the load-side unit 50a and the load-side unit 50b, the two-phase refrigerant flows into the first load-side heat exchanger 52a and the first load-side heat exchanger 52b, exchanges heat with the outside air, and evaporates. . That is, heat is absorbed from the room air (the room air is cooled), and the state changes to a gas. By supplying this cooled room air into the room, the room is cooled.

  On the other hand, as described in the first embodiment, in the load-side unit 50, heat exchange is performed between the load-side refrigerant circuit B and the main circuit A, thereby cooling the water that is conducted through the water pipe 3, and cooling water Can be made. Thus, in the hot water supply air conditioner 300, during the cooling cooling operation, the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b can cool the air and cool the indoor side, and the load side unit 50 allows the water pipe 3 to be conducted. You can cool the water and make cold water. At this time, the first flow control device 51 may control the opening degree by the degree of superheat at the outlet of the first load side heat exchanger 52.

  The refrigerant that has become a gas state in the first load-side heat exchanger 52a, the first load-side heat exchanger 52b, and the first load-side heat exchanger 52 flows through the branch pipe 9a, the branch pipe 9b, and the branch pipe 9, The gas passes through the second valve device 45 of the second branching section 40, passes through the gas pipe 2, the fourth check valve 33, the four-way switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14, and is sucked again into the first compressor 11. In this manner, the hot water supply air conditioner 300 performs the cooling and cooling operation. At this time, the first valve device 44 is closed and the second valve device 45 is controlled to be opened.

  At this time, since the gas pipe 2 is at a low pressure and the liquid pipe 1 is at a high pressure, the refrigerant inevitably flows to the third check valve 32 and the fourth check valve 33. Further, when the cooling / cooling operation is being performed, a part of the refrigerant that has passed through the second flow rate control device 38 flows into the bypass pipe 6 and is reduced to a low pressure by the third flow rate control device 39 to be subjected to the second heat exchange. The part 31 performs heat exchange with the refrigerant flowing into the first branch part 41 on the side of each load side unit. Further, in the first heat exchanging unit 37, heat exchange is performed with the refrigerant flowing into the second flow control device 38, and the evaporated refrigerant flows into the gas pipe 2, and the fourth check valve 33, four-way The air is sucked into the first compressor 11 via the switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14.

  On the other hand, the first heat exchanging part 37 and the second heat exchanging part 31 perform heat exchange, are cooled, the subcooling degree is sufficiently added, and the refrigerant that has flowed into the first branch part 41 flows into the second check valve. 42, the branch pipe 8a, the branch pipe 8b, and the branch pipe 8, and flows into the first flow rate control device 51a of the load side unit 50a and the first flow rate control device 51b of the load side unit 50b to be cooled. At the same time, it flows into the first flow rate control device 51 of the load side unit 50 that is going to cool the water.

  Next, the heating and heating operation will be described. First, the refrigerant made high temperature and high pressure in the first compressor 11 is discharged from the first compressor 11, passes through the four-way switching valve 12, passes from the gas pipe 2 through the fifth check valve 34, and then into the liquid pipe 1. Flows into the repeater 30. The refrigerant that has flowed into the relay machine 30 flows into the second branch portion 40 via the gas-liquid separator 36. The refrigerant that has flowed into the second branch portion 40 flows through the first valve device 44, the branch pipe 9a, the branch pipe 9b, and the branch pipe 9, and the first load side heat exchanger 52a and the load side of the load side unit 50a. It flows into the first load side heat exchanger 52b of the unit 50b.

  The refrigerant that has flowed into the first load-side heat exchanger 52a and the first load-side heat exchanger 52b exchanges heat with the outside air and is condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat (warms the outside air) and changes its state to liquid. By supplying this warmed room air into the room, the room is heated. The condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows into the first flow control device 51a and the first flow control device 51b. At this time, the 1st flow control device 51a and the 1st flow control device 51b are good to control an opening degree by the supercooling degree of the exit of the 1st load side heat exchanger 52a and the 1st load side heat exchanger 52b.

  On the other hand, as described in the first embodiment, in the load-side unit 50, heat exchange is performed between the load-side refrigerant circuit B and the main circuit A, and the water that is conducted through the water pipe 3 is heated. Can be made. Then, the refrigerant that has flowed into the first flow control device 51a, the first flow control device 51b, and the first flow control device 51 flows into the first branch portion 41 via the branch pipe 8a, the branch pipe 8b, and the branch pipe 8. To do. Then, after passing through the first check valve 43, it joins at the meeting portion 23 and flows into the third flow rate control device 39. The liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the third flow rate control device 39, and changes its state to a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant of liquid and gas.

  This two-phase refrigerant passes through the bypass pipe 6, the second heat exchange unit 31, and the first heat exchange unit 37, then flows into the gas pipe 2, passes through the sixth check valve 35, and heat source side heat It flows into the exchanger 13 and exchanges heat with outside air to evaporate. That is, the heat is absorbed from the outside air (cooling the outside air), and the state changes to gas. The evaporated gasified refrigerant flows out of the heat source side heat exchanger 13, flows through the gas pipe 2, passes through the four-way switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14, and is sucked again into the first compressor 11. In this manner, the hot water supply air conditioner 300 performs the heating and heating operation. At this time, the second valve device 45 is closed and the first valve device 44 is controlled to be opened. Furthermore, since the gas pipe 2 is low pressure and the liquid pipe 1 is high pressure, the refrigerant inevitably flows to the fifth check valve 34 and the sixth check valve 35.

  Next, the simultaneous cooling / heating operation (heating main) will be described. Here, a case where the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b execute the heating operation and the load side unit 50 executes the water cooling operation will be described as an example. First, the refrigerant made high temperature and high pressure in the first compressor 11 is discharged from the first compressor 11, passes through the four-way switching valve 12, passes from the gas pipe 2 through the fifth check valve 34, and then into the liquid pipe 1. Flows into the repeater 30. The refrigerant that has flowed into the relay machine 30 flows into the second branch portion 40 via the gas-liquid separator 36. The refrigerant that has flowed into the second branch section 40 sequentially passes through the first valve device 44 connected to the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b, the branch pipe 9a, and the branch pipe 9b, and the load side that is going to be heated. It flows into the unit 50a and the load side unit 50b.

  The refrigerant that has flowed into the first load-side heat exchanger 52a and the first load-side heat exchanger 52b exchanges heat with the outside air and is condensed and liquefied. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat (warms the outside air) and changes its state to liquid. Then, the condensed and liquefied refrigerant flows into the first flow control device 51a and the first flow control device 51b, is slightly reduced in pressure, and changes to an intermediate pressure (intermediate pressure) between the high pressure and the low pressure. At this time, the first flow rate control device 51a and the first flow rate control device 51b are controlled to be almost fully opened by the degree of supercooling at the outlets of the first load side heat exchanger 52a and the first load side heat exchanger 52b. . The intermediate pressure refrigerant flows into the first branch portion 41 via the branch pipe 8a and the branch pipe 8b. Then, after passing through the first check valve 43, the meeting part 23 joins.

  On the other hand, the refrigerant that flows into the load-side unit 50 that performs the water cooling operation is a part of the refrigerant that has joined at the meeting part 23 of the first branching part 41 of the relay machine 30 via the second heat exchange part 31. It reaches the meeting part 22 of the branch part 41, passes through the second check valve 42 and the branch pipe 8, and flows into the first load side heat exchanger 52. In the load-side unit 50, heat exchange is performed between the load-side refrigerant circuit B and the main circuit A to cool water that is conducted through the water pipe 3. The refrigerant in the gas state flows into the gas pipe 2 through the second valve device 45 connected to the load-side unit 50 of the second branch portion 40.

  In addition, a part of the refrigerant used for heating that has flowed from the load side unit 50 a and the load side unit 50 b into the meeting portion 23 of the first branching portion 41 of the relay machine 30 is the high pressure of the liquid pipe 1 and the first branching portion 41. It passes through the third flow rate control device 39 controlled so as to make the difference from the intermediate pressure constant, flows into the bypass pipe 6, reaches the gas pipe 2, where it merges with the refrigerant that has passed through the load side unit 50. Then, it flows through the gas pipe 2 and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 via the sixth check valve 35 and is evaporated and gasified. This gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the first compressor 11 via the four-way switching valve 12 and the accumulator 14.

  At this time, the load-side unit 50a to be heated and the second valve device 45 connected to the load-side unit 50b are closed, the first valve device 44 is controlled to be opened, and the load-side unit to perform the water cooling operation. It is assumed that the first valve device 44 connected to 50 is closed and the second valve device 45 is controlled to be opened. Further, since the gas pipe 2 is low pressure and the liquid pipe 1 is high pressure, the refrigerant inevitably flows to the fifth check valve 34 and the sixth check valve 35. As described above, the load-side unit 50a and the load-side unit 50b perform the heating operation, and the load-side unit 50 can perform the operation of cooling water.

  Further, when the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b perform the heating operation and the load side unit 50 performs the operation of cooling the water, the first load side heat exchanger 52a and the first load side heat exchange are performed. Since heat can be dissipated from the water in the first load-side heat exchanger 52 at the same time as heat is radiated to the air in the heat exchanger 52, the amount of heat absorbed from the heat source-side heat exchanger 13 is reduced, so that the evaporation temperature does not decrease, An efficient operation of the first compressor 11 can be executed.

  Next, the simultaneous cooling / heating operation (mainly cooling) will be described. Here, a case where the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b execute the cooling operation and the load side unit 50 executes the water heating operation will be described as an example. First, the refrigerant made high temperature and high pressure by the first compressor 11 is discharged from the first compressor 11 and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 through the four-way switching valve 12. The refrigerant flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 exchanges an arbitrary amount of heat with the outside air to become a high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant in a gas-liquid two-phase state. The refrigerant flows through the liquid pipe 1 and flows into the relay machine 30 via the third check valve 32. The refrigerant flowing into the relay machine 30 is separated into a gas refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant by the gas-liquid separator 36.

  Among these, the gas refrigerant flows through the first valve device 44 and the branch pipe 9 in the second branch section 40 and flows into the first load-side heat exchanger 52 in the load-side unit 50 that is going to heat water. . The refrigerant that has flowed into the first load-side heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat with the refrigerant that flows through the load-side refrigerant circuit B to be condensed and liquefied. In the load-side refrigerant circuit B, the refrigerant that has been heated to a high temperature and high pressure by the second compressor 53 is discharged from the second compressor 53, passes through a four-way switching valve (not shown), and passes through the second load-side heat exchanger 54. Flow into. The refrigerant that has flowed into the second load-side heat exchanger 54 exchanges heat with water that is conducted through the water pipe 3 to be condensed and liquefied. This refrigerant flows through the load-side refrigerant pipe 56 and flows into the second flow rate control device 55. The refrigerant that has flowed into the second flow control device 55 is depressurized and changes its state into a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant of liquid and gas.

  Therefore, the condensation temperature when the gas refrigerant flowing through the load side refrigerant circuit B is condensed and liquefied by exchanging heat with water passing through the water pipe 3 in the second load side heat exchanger 54 is 80 ° C. to 100 ° C. The water can be heated to a high temperature. In this way, the water that is conducted through the water pipe 3 can be heated to produce hot hot water. On the other hand, the condensed and liquefied refrigerant that has flowed out of the first load-side heat exchanger 52 flows into the first flow control device 51. The first flow rate control device 51 is controlled by the degree of supercooling at the outlet of the first load side heat exchanger 52 and is controlled to be in a fully open state.

  Accordingly, the refrigerant is slightly decompressed by the first flow control device 51, becomes an intermediate pressure (intermediate pressure) between the high pressure and the low pressure, and flows out from the first flow control device 51. Thereafter, the gas flows into the bypass pipe 6 from the meeting section 23 via the branch pipe 8 and the first check valve 43 of the first branch section 41. Then, the pressure is reduced to a low pressure by the third flow control device 39, and heat exchange is performed with the refrigerant flowing into the first branch portion 41 by the second heat exchange portion 31. In addition, the evaporated refrigerant that exchanges heat with the refrigerant that flows into the second flow rate control device 38 in the first heat exchange unit 37 flows into the gas pipe 2.

  On the other hand, the remaining liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separation device 36 of the repeater 30 is cooled by exchanging heat at the first heat exchange unit 37 and flows into the second flow rate control device 38. The second flow rate control device 38 is controlled so as to make the difference between the high pressure and the intermediate pressure constant. For this reason, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the second flow rate control device 38 is further cooled by the second heat exchanging unit 40 and sufficiently subcooled, and then flows into the meeting unit 22 of the first branching unit 41. Then, it flows into the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b which are going to be cooled.

  That is, the refrigerant that has flowed into the meeting portion 22 flows through the branch pipe 8a and the branch pipe 8b via the second check valve 42 connected to the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b, and the load side unit 50a and It flows into the load side unit 50b. The refrigerant reaches the first flow control device 51a and the first flow control device 51b. At this time, the 1st flow control device 51a and the 1st flow control device 51b are controlled by the superheat degree of the exit of the 1st load side heat exchanger 52a and the 1st load side heat exchanger 52b. Therefore, the refrigerant is decompressed to a low pressure by the first flow control device 51a and the first flow control device 51b.

  Then, the refrigerant exchanges heat with room air in the first load side heat exchanger 52a and the first load side heat exchanger 52b, evaporates and cools the room. Thereafter, the refrigerant in the gas state flows through the branch pipe 9 a and the branch pipe 9 b and flows into the second branch portion 40. Then, the gas flows into the gas pipe 2 through the second valve device 45 in the second branch portion 40. The refrigerant flowing into the gas pipe 2 merges with the refrigerant used for heating the load side unit 50 described above flowing into the gas pipe 2 via the bypass pipe 6, and then the fourth check valve 33, the four-way switching valve. 12 and the accumulator 14 to be sucked into the first compressor 11.

  At this time, the load-side unit 50a to be cooled and the second valve device 45 connected to the load-side unit 50b are opened, the first valve device 44 is controlled to be closed, and the load-side unit about to perform the water heating operation It is assumed that the second valve device 45 connected to 50 is closed and the first valve device 44 is controlled to be opened. Further, since the gas pipe 2 is low pressure and the liquid pipe 1 is high pressure, the refrigerant inevitably flows to the third check valve 32 and the fourth check valve 33. As described above, the load-side unit 50a and the load-side unit 50b perform the cooling operation, and the load-side unit 50 can perform an operation for heating water.

  In the case where the load side unit 50a and the load side unit 50b perform the cooling operation and the load side unit 50 performs the operation of heating water, the first load side heat exchanger 52a and the first load side heat exchange are performed. Since heat can be absorbed from the air in the heat exchanger 52 and heat can be radiated to the water in the first load side heat exchanger 52 at the same time, the amount of heat radiated from the heat source side heat exchanger 13 is reduced, so that the increase in high pressure is small. It is possible to execute efficient operation of the single compressor 11. The first flow control device 50, the first flow control device 50a, and the first flow control device 50b may be mounted in the heat source side unit 10.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 5 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant circuit configuration of water heater 400 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 5, the refrigerant circuit configuration of the water heater 400 will be described. This hot water heater 400 is installed in a building, an apartment, or the like, similar to the hot water heater 100 according to Embodiment 1, and uses a refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) that circulates a refrigerant to provide a hot water pool, floor heating, shower, It is a heat pump device that supplies low-temperature, medium-temperature, or high-temperature hot water used in bathtubs, beverages, and the like. In the fourth embodiment, the difference from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

  In the first embodiment, the case where the load-side refrigerant circuit B is mounted on the load-side unit 50 has been described as an example, but in the fourth embodiment, the flow of refrigerant in the load-side unit 50 ′ is controlled to control the water flow. The heat exchange with the water which flows through the piping 3 can be performed efficiently. That is, the water heater 400 can improve the heat exchange efficiency by always facing the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit A of the load side unit 50 ′ and the water flowing through the water pipe 3. In addition, in FIG. 5, the flow of the water of the water piping 3 is shown by the arrow.

  In the water heater 400, the first bypass pipe 61 and the second bypass pipe 62 are connected to the liquid pipe 1 and the gas pipe 2, and a seventh check valve 63, an eighth check valve 64, a ninth check valve 65, and The tenth check valve 66 is provided and each check valve is controlled so that the refrigerant flowing through the second load side heat exchanger 54 flows only in one direction. The first bypass pipe 61 and the second bypass pipe 62 are one end of the entrance / exit of the first load side heat exchanger 52 (the inlet side of the refrigerant flowing into the first load side heat exchanger 52 during the heating operation), and the gas pipe 2 Is branched and connected to the other end of the first load side heat exchanger 52 (between the first load side heat exchanger 52 and the first flow control device 51).

  Further, the branch point of the first bypass pipe 61 (the part branched on the inlet side of the load-side heat exchanger 52) is downstream of the branch point of the second bypass pipe 62 (the inlet of the load-side heat exchanger 52). The connection point of the first bypass pipe 61 (the portion connected on the outlet side of the load-side heat exchanger 52) is provided downstream (load-side heat exchange) from the connection point of the second bypass pipe 62. It is provided at a position farther from the outlet of the vessel 52). The seventh check valve 63 is provided in the first bypass pipe 61, and the first load-side heat exchanger 52 supplies the refrigerant that flows from the first flow control device 51 side to the first load-side heat exchanger 52. The flow to the inlet side of the first load-side heat exchanger 52 is allowed without going through.

  The eighth check valve 64 is provided on the liquid pipe 1 on the outlet side of the first load side heat exchanger 52 and between the connection point of the first bypass pipe 61 and the connection point of the second bypass pipe 62. The refrigerant flow is permitted only in the direction from the first load-side heat exchanger 52 to the first flow rate control device 51. The ninth check valve 65 is provided in the second bypass pipe 62, and the first load-side heat exchanger 52 supplies the refrigerant that is about to flow into the first flow control device 51 from the first load-side heat exchanger 52 side. The flow to the inlet side of the first load-side heat exchanger 52 is allowed without going through. The tenth check valve 66 is provided on the gas pipe 2 on the inlet side of the first load side heat exchanger 52 and between the branch point of the first bypass pipe 61 and the branch point of the second bypass pipe 62. The refrigerant flow is allowed only in the direction of the first load side heat exchanger 52.

  As described above, when the load side refrigerant circuit B ′ in the load side unit 50 ′ is configured, the liquid refrigerant flowing from the heat source side unit 10 through the liquid pipe 1 during the water cooling operation of the load side unit 50 ′ is The pressure is reduced to a low pressure by the first flow control device 51 to be in a two-phase state, flows into the second load side heat exchanger 52 through the seventh check valve 63, and exchanges heat with the water flowing through the water pipe 3. Then, the gas is evaporated and flows into the gas pipe 2 through the ninth check valve 65 and returns to the heat source side unit 10. That is, during the water cooling operation, the water flow and the refrigerant flow in the first load-side heat exchanger 52 can be opposed to each other.

  Therefore, since the flow direction of the refrigerant and the water is opposed to each other inside the first load side heat exchanger 52, the water flowing through the water pipe 3 and flowing into the first load side heat exchanger 52 The refrigerant flowing out of the first load side heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat, flows through the water pipe 3 and flows out of the first load side heat exchanger 52, and the first load side heat exchanger 52. Therefore, heat exchange efficiency between water and the refrigerant in the first load side heat exchanger 52 can be improved.

  Further, during the water heating operation of the load side unit 50 ′, the high pressure gas refrigerant flowing from the heat source side unit 10 through the gas pipe 2 passes through the tenth check valve 66 to the first load side heat exchanger 51. After flowing in and condensing and liquefying by exchanging heat with water flowing through the water pipe 3, the pressure is reduced to a low pressure by the first flow control device 51 via the eighth check valve 64, and the two-phase state is established. Then, it returns to the heat source side unit 10. That is, during the water heating operation, the water flow and the refrigerant flow in the first load-side heat exchanger 52 can be made to face each other.

  Therefore, since the flow direction of the refrigerant and the water is opposed to each other inside the first load side heat exchanger 52, the water flowing through the water pipe 3 and flowing into the first load side heat exchanger 52 The refrigerant flowing out of the first load side heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat, flows through the water pipe 3 and flows out of the first load side heat exchanger 52, and the first load side heat exchanger 52. Therefore, heat exchange efficiency between water and the refrigerant in the first load side heat exchanger 52 can be improved. That is, the load side unit 50′D is configured so that the flow of water and the refrigerant is opposed to each other in the first load side heat exchanger 52 regardless of whether the cooling operation or the heating operation is performed. It is.

  Further, in the fourth embodiment, the load side refrigerant circuit B is described in the load side unit 50 ′ without being illustrated, but the load side refrigerant circuit B may be provided in the load side unit 50 ′ in the same manner as the load side unit 50. Good. In this case, the first bypass pipe 61 and the second bypass pipe 62 are connected to the load-side refrigerant pipe 56, and the eighth check valve 64 is connected to the second compressor 53 and the second load-side heat exchanger 54. The tenth check valve 66 is disposed between the second flow control device 55 and the second load side heat exchanger 54.

  That is, the first bypass pipe 61 branches the load-side refrigerant pipe 56 at one end of the entrance / exit of the second load-side heat exchanger 54 and the load-side refrigerant pipe 56 at the other end of the entrance / exit of the second load-side heat exchanger 54. The second bypass pipe 62 branches the load-side refrigerant pipe 56 at a position farther from the second load-side heat exchanger 54 side than the branch point of the first bypass pipe 61, The connection is made to the load side refrigerant pipe 56 on the second load side heat exchanger 54 side than the connection point.

  It is also possible to replace the water heater 400 with an air conditioner and allow the load side unit 50 ′ to function as an indoor unit. In this case, the operation when supplying cold water is the cooling operation, and the operation when supplying hot water is the heating operation. Furthermore, the configuration of the load side unit 50 ′ may be combined with the load side unit 50 according to the first to third embodiments. In this way, the load-side refrigerant circuit B is mounted, and water and the refrigerant can be circulated opposite to each other, and all the effects of the respective embodiments are obtained. The first flow control device 50 may be mounted in the heat source side unit 10.

  1 liquid piping, 2 gas piping, 3 water piping, 4 1st connecting piping, 5 2nd connecting piping, 6 bypass piping, 8 branch piping, 8a branch piping, 8b branch piping, 9 branch piping, 9a branch piping, 9b branch Piping, 10 Heat source side unit, 11 First compressor, 12 Four-way switching valve, 13 Heat source side heat exchanger, 14 Accumulator, 15 Discharge pressure detection device, 16 Suction pressure detection device, 22 Meeting part, 23 Meeting part, 30 Relay Machine, 31 second heat exchange section, 32 third check valve, 33 fourth check valve, 34 fifth check valve, 35 sixth check valve, 36 gas-liquid separator, 37 first heat exchange section, 38 Second flow control device, 39 Third flow control device, 40 Second branch portion, 41 First branch portion, 42 Second check valve, 43 First check valve, 44 First valve device, 45 Second valve Device, 46 pressure detection device, 47 pressure Output device, 50 load side unit, 50 'load side unit, 50a load side unit, 50b load side unit, 51 1st flow control device, 51a 1st flow control device, 51b 1st flow control device, 52 1st load side Heat exchanger, 52a first load side heat exchanger, 52b first load side heat exchanger, 53 second compressor, 54 second load side heat exchanger, 55 second flow control device, 56 load side refrigerant piping, 61 Bypass pipe, 62 Bypass pipe, 63 7th check valve, 64 8th check valve, 65 9th check valve, 66 10th check valve, 100 Water heater, 200 Hot water supply air conditioner, 300 Hot water supply air conditioner, 400 water heater.

Claims (2)

A heat source unit equipped with a first compressor and a heat source side heat exchanger;
A first flow control device, a first load-side heat exchanger, a second compressor, a second load-side heat exchanger, and a second flow control device are mounted, and water is used in the second load-side heat exchanger. A first load side unit for heating
A first load control device and a first load-side heat exchanger connected in series, a second load-side unit that heats the room with the first load-side heat exchanger;
With
The first flow control device and the first load side heat exchanger of the first load side unit, and the first flow control device and the first load side heat exchanger of the second load side unit are in parallel. Lined up,
The first compressor, the heat source side heat exchanger, the first flow control device and the first load side heat exchanger of the first load side unit, and the first flow rate of the second load side unit. A control circuit and the first load side heat exchanger are sequentially connected by a refrigerant pipe to form a main circuit,
The second compressor, the second load side heat exchanger, the second flow rate control device, and the first load side heat exchanger of the first load side unit are sequentially connected by a refrigerant pipe, Side refrigerant circuit,
R134a is used as the refrigerant in the load side refrigerant circuit,
The refrigerant compressed by the first compressor flows into the first load side heat exchanger of the first load side unit and the first load side heat exchanger of the second load side unit, and the second load The indoor unit is heated by the side unit, and the R134a refrigerant compressed at a compression ratio of 1 to 3 by the second compressor is caused to flow into the second load side heat exchanger of the first load side unit to obtain a condensation temperature of 80 A heat pump apparatus characterized in that the liquid is condensed and liquefied at a temperature of from -100C. In the first load side unit,
A refrigerant pipe connected to one end of the inlet / outlet of the second load-side heat exchanger, and allows the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from one end to the other end of the second load-side heat exchanger. A check valve;
Provided in a refrigerant pipe connected to the other end of the inlet / outlet of the second load side heat exchanger, and allows the refrigerant to flow only from one end to the other end on the inlet / outlet side of the second load side heat exchanger. 2 check valves,
A first bypass pipe that branches downstream of the second check valve in the refrigerant pipe and connects between the first check valve and the second load-side heat exchanger;
A third check valve provided in the first bypass pipe and allowing the refrigerant to flow only in the direction from the branch point to the connection point;
A second bypass pipe that branches between the second load-side heat exchanger and the second check valve in the refrigerant pipe and is connected upstream of the first check valve;
The heat pump device according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth check valve provided in the second bypass pipe and allowing the refrigerant to flow only in a direction from a branch point to a connection point.

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