JP2012148882A - Brake device of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brake device of an elevator which is applicable to an elevator having a winding drum type hoist, and suppresses size increase of a gripping device gripping a main cable.SOLUTION: The brake device 13 of an elevator includes a brake device body 16, and a guide device 17 guiding the brake device body 16 in the axial direction of a hoist sheave 15 in relation to the hoist sheave 15. The brake device body 16 includes a break head 22 including: the gripping device 25 gripping the main cable 7 and applying the braking force to the main cable 7; and engagement devices 26, 27 pressed by the main cable 7 displaced toward the axial direction of the hoist sheave 15. The engagement devices 26, 27 are pressed by the main cable 7 displaced toward the axial direction of the hoist sheave 15, consequently the brake device body 16 is displaced according to the displacement of the main cable 7 while being guided by the guide device 17.

Description

  The present invention is provided in an elevator having a hoisting-type hoisting machine that lifts and lowers a car by winding and unwinding the main rope that suspends the car, and gives a braking force to the main rope by gripping the main rope The present invention relates to an elevator brake device.

  Conventionally, an elevator in which a rope for suspending a car and a counterweight is wound around a drive sheave and a deflector wheel of a traction hoist and a rope brake device for gripping the rope is arranged between the drive sheave and the deflector wheel. It is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2003-155174 A

  In an elevator with a traction type hoisting machine, the rope does not move laterally in the vicinity of the traction hoisting machine even if the car is moved up and down, so a rope brake device is installed in the vicinity of the traction hoisting machine. Even so, the rope brake device will not be enlarged. However, in an elevator having a hoisting type hoisting machine that winds and unwinds a rope to and from the hoisting machine sheave, in the vicinity of the hoisting type hoisting machine due to the winding and unwinding operation of the rope Since the rope moves in the width direction of the hoisting machine sheave (that is, the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave), the large gripping part that can grip the rope in the entire range in which the rope moves in the width direction of the hoisting machine sheave Is required, the size of the rope brake device is increased, and the manufacturing cost of the rope brake device is increased.

  In addition, if the gripping part that grips the rope is enlarged, the gripping part is easily bent when the rope is gripped, so it is necessary to add a reinforcing member to the gripping part or increase the thickness of the friction material. The cost will increase further. Further, when the gripping portion is increased in size, it takes time to adjust the gap between the rope and the gripping portion, to install the rope brake device, and to perform maintenance and inspection.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can be applied to an elevator having a hoisting type hoisting machine that raises and lowers a car by winding and unwinding the main rope. An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator brake device that can suppress an increase in the size of a gripping device that grips the vehicle.

  The elevator brake device according to the present invention is a hoisting cylinder type that lifts and lowers the car by winding and unwinding the main rope with respect to the hoisting machine sheave while displacing the main rope that suspends the car in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave. An elevator brake device provided in an elevator having a hoisting machine, which is pressed by a gripping device that grips the main rope and applies a braking force to the main rope, and a main rope that is displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave. And a guide device for guiding the brake device body relative to the hoisting machine sheave in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave. When the engaging device is pushed by the main rope displaced in the axial direction of the sheave, it is displaced in accordance with the displacement of the main rope while being guided by the guide device.

  In the elevator brake device according to the present invention, the engagement device is pushed by the main rope displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave, so that the brake device main body is guided by the guide device and adjusted according to the displacement of the main rope. Since it is displaced, it is not necessary to set the width dimension of the gripping device for gripping the main rope to the entire range of the width dimension of the hoisting machine sheave, and the brake device can be applied to an elevator having a hoisting type hoisting machine. In addition, the size of the gripping device that grips the main rope can be suppressed.

1 is a side view showing an elevator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the elevator apparatus of FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the winding drum type hoisting machine and brake device of FIG. It is a side view which shows a winding drum type hoisting machine and a brake device when it sees along the arrow A of FIG. It is a side view which shows the winding body type winding machine and brake device of the elevator by Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a side view showing an elevator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the elevator apparatus of FIG. In the figure, a pair of guide rails 2 extending in the vertical direction are installed in the hoistway 1. The guide rails 2 face each other in the width direction (horizontal direction) of the hoistway 1. Each guide rail 2 is fixed to the inner wall of the hoistway 1 via a plurality of guide rail brackets 3.

  A pulley bracket (a sheave support member) 4 is fixed between the upper ends of the guide rails 2. The pulley bracket 4 is provided with a pair of return wheels 5 that are arranged apart from each other in the width direction of the hoistway 1. Each rotation shaft of each return wheel 5 is disposed along the depth direction of the hoistway 1 (that is, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the width direction of the hoistway 1). Each return wheel 5 is wound with a plurality of main ropes 7 (two in this example) for suspending a car 6. For example, a rope or a belt is used as the main rope 7.

  The car 6 can be moved up and down while being sandwiched between the guide rails 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the car 6 is provided with a car doorway 8. The car 6 is disposed in the hoistway 1 such that the opening direction (width direction) of the car doorway 8 coincides with the width direction of the hoistway 1. The car doorway 8 is opened and closed by a car door device 9. The car door device 9 includes a plurality of car doors that can move toward the front door of the car doorway 8 and a door drive device that generates a driving force for moving the car doors (all not shown). ). The car doorway 8 is opened and closed as the doors of each car move toward the frontage of the car doorway 8.

  A plurality of guide roller devices 10 guided by the guide rail 2 are provided at the upper and lower portions of the car 6. The car 6 is moved up and down along the guide rails 2 when the guide roller devices 10 are guided by the guide rails 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a machine room 11 communicating with the inside of the hoistway 1 is provided on the lower side wall of the hoistway 1. The machine room 11 is provided with a winding cylinder type hoisting machine (winding cylinder type driving device) 12 that generates a driving force for raising and lowering the car 6, and a brake device 13 for applying a braking force to the car 6. . The winding drum type hoisting machine 12 and the brake device 13 are controlled by a control device (not shown).

  The hoisting type hoisting machine 12 includes a hoisting machine main body 14 including a motor, and a hoisting machine sheave 15 that is provided in the hoisting machine main body 14 and is rotated by a driving force of the hoisting machine main body 14. Yes.

  One end of each main rope 7 is wound around a hoisting machine sheave 15. The other end of each main rope 7 is connected to the upper portion of the car 6 via a thimble rod 40. Each main rope 7 is wound from one end wound around the hoisting machine sheave 15 in order of one return wheel 5 and the other return wheel 5, and reaches the other end connected to the thimble rod 40. .

  The hoisting type hoisting machine 12 winds and unwinds the main rope 7 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15 by the rotation of the hoisting machine sheave 15. The car 6 is moved up and down in the hoistway 1 by winding and unwinding the main rope 7 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15. That is, the car 6 rises when the main rope 7 is wound around the hoisting machine sheave 15, and descends when the main rope 7 is unwound from the hoisting machine sheave 15. In this example, the hoisting type hoisting machine 12 matches the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 (that is, the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the hoisting machine sheave 15) with the depth direction of the hoistway 1. Is placed inside.

  The brake device 13 cancels the application of the braking force to the main rope 7 under the control of the control device when the operation of the elevator is normal. The brake device 13 performs an operation of applying a braking force to the main rope 7 under the control of the control device when an abnormality of the elevator (for example, an overspeed of the car 6) is detected by the control device. A braking force is applied to the car 6 when the main rope 7 is braked by the brake device 13.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the winding drum type hoisting machine 12 and the brake device 13 of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the winding drum type hoisting machine 12 and the brake device 13 when viewed along the arrow A in FIG. 3. In the figure, the hoisting machine main body 14 is fixed to a machine base installed on the floor surface of the machine room 11. The hoisting machine sheave 15 is rotatably supported by the hoisting machine main body 14. The hoisting machine sheave 15 is a cylindrical body having a larger dimension in the axial direction (that is, a dimension along the rotation axis of the hoisting machine sheave 15) than the radial dimension.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the main rope 7 is wound around the hoisting machine sheave 15 while being inclined with respect to the vertical line. Therefore, the main rope 7 is wound around the hoisting machine sheave 15 in an inclined state with respect to the axis of the hoisting machine sheave 15. As a result, the winding / unwinding of the main rope 7 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15 is performed while the main rope 7 is displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. That is, the hoisting type hoisting machine 12 winds and unwinds the main rope 7 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15 while displacing the main rope 7 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. As a result, the main rope 7 is wound evenly on the hoisting machine sheave 15 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. Further, the inclination angle of the main rope 7 extending from the hoisting machine sheave 15 with respect to the vertical line is such that the main rope 7 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 when the main rope 7 is wound and unwound with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15. It changes continuously according to the displacement of the cord 7.

  The brake device 13 is arranged avoiding the hoisting machine sheave 15. The brake device 13 supports the brake device main body 16 that can be displaced with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15, and supports the brake device main body 16 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. A guide device 17 that guides the brake device main body 16 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15, and a support member 18 that supports the guide device 17 and is fixed to the machine base of the machine room 11.

  The guide device 17 includes a slide rail 19 fixed to the support member 18, and a roller device 20 that is attached to the brake device main body 16 and guided while being held by the slide rail 19. The slide rail 19 is disposed along the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. The brake device main body 16 is moved in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15 by the roller device 20 being guided along the slide rail 19. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the guide device 17 has a brake device main body 16 in a wider range than the width dimension of the hoisting machine sheave 15 (the dimension of the hoisting machine sheave 15 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15). Can be guided. The guide device 17 may be, for example, a linear motion bearing device (linear guide device) having a slide shaft and a bearing on which the slide shaft is slid.

  The width of the brake device main body 16 (the size of the brake device main body 16 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15) is smaller than the width of the hoisting machine sheave 15. The brake device body 16 is provided between the relay bracket 21 to which the roller device 20 is attached, the brake head 22 that can contact the main rope 7, and the relay bracket 21 and the brake head 22. A rotating device 23 for rotatably mounting the brake head 22 is provided.

  The rotating device 23 has a rotating shaft 24 that has an axis that intersects the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 and also intersects the main rope 7 that extends from the hoisting machine sheave 15. In this example, the rotation shaft 24 is a shaft that is perpendicular to the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 and that is disposed horizontally. A brake head 22 is fixed to the tip of the rotating shaft 24. Thereby, the brake head 22 is rotatable about the axis of the rotation shaft 24 with respect to the relay bracket 21.

  The brake head 22 is disposed in the vicinity of the hoisting machine sheave 15. Moreover, the brake head 22 is arrange | positioned along the length direction of the main rope 7, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the brake head 22 is disposed to be inclined with respect to the vertical line.

  The brake head 22 includes a gripping device 25 that grips the main rope 7, and an upper engagement device 26 and a lower engagement device 27 (a pair of engagement devices) that are disposed apart from each other in the length direction of the main rope 7. 26, 27), and a mounting frame 28 that supports the gripping device 25 and the engagement devices 26, 27 and is fixed to the rotating shaft 24.

  The gripping device 25 is disposed between the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27. Further, the gripping device 25 is displaceable between the fixed friction material 29 and a grip position where the main rope 7 is gripped between the fixed friction material 29 and a release position farther from the fixed friction material 29 than the grip position. The movable friction material 30 and a displacement device that displaces the movable friction material 30 between the gripping position and the release position are included. In this example, as shown in FIG. 4, the gripping device 25 grips the two main ropes 7 together.

  A braking force is applied to the main rope 7 by gripping the main rope 7 between the fixed friction material 29 and the movable friction material 30. Further, the braking force applied to the main rope 7 disappears when the holding of the main rope 7 between the fixed friction material 29 and the movable friction material 30 is released. The displacement device includes a spring (biasing body) that urges the movable friction material 30 to the gripping position and an electromagnetic magnet that displaces the movable friction material 30 to the release position against energizing force of the spring when energized. is doing.

  Each of the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27 has a pair of sandwiching rollers 31 that sandwich the main rope 7. A groove extending in the circumferential direction of the sandwiching roller 31 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of each sandwiching roller 31. As a groove | channel provided in the pinching roller 31, the round groove by which the cross section was made into circular arc shape, the V groove by which the cross section was made into V shape, etc. are mentioned, for example. The main rope 7 is sandwiched between the respective sandwiching rollers 31 in a state of being fitted in a groove provided in the sandwiching roller 31. Each pinching roller 31 is rotated according to the movement of the main rope 7 by winding and unwinding the main rope 7 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15. The movement of the main rope 7 with respect to the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27 is restricted in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 and is allowed only in the length direction of the main rope 7. Each pinching roller 31 is rotated while contacting the main rope 7 by the movement of the main rope 7 in the length direction of the main rope 7.

  The upper engaging device 26 and the lower engaging device 27 are moved by the main rope 7 that is displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 when the main rope 7 is wound and unwound from the hoisting machine sheave 15. Pressed. The brake device main body 16 is guided by the guide device 17 while the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27 are pushed by the main rope 7 displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. It is displaced according to the displacement of 7.

  When the inclination angle of the main rope 7 with respect to the vertical line changes, the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27 are pushed by the main rope 7 at different positions, so that the force for rotating the brake head 22 is the brake head 22. Given to. As a result, the brake head 22 is rotated about the axis of the rotation shaft 24, and the inclination angle of the brake head 22 changes following the change in the inclination angle of the main rope 7. That is, the rotation device 23 has a function of causing the brake head 22 to follow the change in the inclination angle of the main rope 7 with respect to the vertical line by rotating the brake head 22 about the rotation shaft 24.

  For example, when the main rope 7 is drawn out from the hoisting machine sheave 15 and the inclination angle of the main rope 7 at the position of the brake head 22 is reduced, the inclination angle θ of the brake head 22 is also increased as shown in FIG. Following the change in the inclination angle of the cord 7, the angle changes from θ1 to θ2 (θ1> θ2).

  Next, the operation will be described. At normal times when no abnormality in the elevator is detected, the gripping of the main rope 7 by the gripping device 25 is released. At this time, the car 6 can be raised and lowered by winding and unwinding the main rope 7 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15.

  When the car 6 is raised and lowered in the hoistway 1 by the driving force of the hoisting type hoisting machine 12, the main rope 7 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15 is displaced while the main rope 7 is displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. Is taken up and fed out. At this time, the brake device body 16 is guided by the guide device 17 while being pushed by the main rope 7, and is displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 according to the displacement of the main rope 7.

  Further, when the main rope 7 is wound and unwound with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15 while the main rope 7 is displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15, the inclination angle of the main rope 7 at the position of the brake head 22. However, it changes according to the displacement of the main rope 7 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. At this time, since the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27 are pushed by the main rope 7, the brake head 22 rotates around the rotation shaft 24 following the change in the inclination angle of the main rope 7. Is done. Thereby, the posture of the brake head 22 with respect to the main rope 7 is maintained in a state along the length direction of the main rope 7.

  For example, when the speed of the car 6 is abnormally high and the overspeed of the car 6 is detected by the control device, the gripping device 25 is operated by the control of the control device, and the main rope 7 is gripped by the gripping device 25. As a result, a braking force is applied to the main rope 7 and the car 6 is decelerated.

  In such an elevator brake device 13, the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27 are pushed by the main rope 7 displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15, whereby the brake device body 16 is guided. Since it is displaced according to the displacement of the main rope 7 while being guided by the device 17, it is not necessary to set the width dimension of the gripping device 25 for gripping the main rope 7 to the entire range of the width dimension of the hoisting machine sheave 15. An increase in size of the gripping device 25 can be suppressed. Therefore, even when the brake device 13 is applied to an elevator having the hoisting type hoisting machine 12, for example, the gripping device 25 can be reduced in size to the same width as the combined width of the main ropes 7. Can be planned. Thereby, the manufacturing cost of the brake device 13 can be reduced. Further, for example, work such as installation and maintenance inspection of the brake device 13 or adjustment of the gripping device 25 (for example, adjustment of a gap between the fixed friction material 29 and the movable friction material 30) can be facilitated.

  Each of the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27 has a pair of sandwiching rollers 31 that sandwich the main rope 7, and a groove in which the main rope 7 is fitted is provided on the outer peripheral portion of each sandwiching roller 31. Therefore, the main rope 7 can be smoothly moved while rotating the respective pinching rollers 31. Further, the occurrence of wear in the upper engagement device 26, the lower engagement device 27, and the main rope 7 can be suppressed, and the life of the main rope 7 and the brake device 13 can be extended.

  Further, the brake device main body 16 rotates the brake head 22 around a rotation shaft 24 intersecting with the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 to change the inclination angle of the main rope 7 with respect to the vertical line. Since the follower turning device 23 is provided, the posture of the brake head 22 can be kept constant with respect to the main rope 7 even if the inclination angle of the main rope 7 changes, and the main rope by the holding device 25 can be maintained. By gripping 7, the braking force can be applied to the main rope 7 more reliably and stably.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the number of brake device main bodies 16 is one, but the number of brake device main bodies 16 may be plural.

  5 is a side view showing an elevator hoist type hoisting machine and a brake device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the figure, the hoisting sheave 15 of the hoisting type hoisting machine 12 has a plurality of sets (two sets in this example) of main ropes 7 (two sets in this example). Is wound. The brake device 13 includes a plurality (two in this example) of brake device main bodies 16 corresponding to each main rope group, and each brake device main body 16 with respect to the hoisting machine sheave 15 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. And a support member 18 similar to the first embodiment for supporting the guide device 17.

  The guide device 17 is provided on a common slide rail 19 disposed along the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 and a plurality of brake device main bodies 16 and guided while being held by the slide rail 19 (this In the example, two roller devices 20 are provided. Other configurations of the guide device 17 according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the guide device 17 according to the first embodiment.

  The configuration of each brake device main body 16 is the same as the configuration of the brake device main body 16 of the first embodiment. Each brake device main body 16 gives a braking force to each main rope group individually by holding the main rope group by the holding device 25. That is, each brake device main body 16 individually applies a braking force to the different main ropes 7 among the plurality of main ropes 7 that are wound and unwound from the hoisting machine sheave 15. Each brake device body 16 is individually pushed in accordance with the displacement of the main rope group while being guided by the guide device 17 by being individually pushed by each main rope group displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15. Is displaced. Further, each brake head 22 individually follows the change in the inclination angle of each main cord group with respect to the vertical line while being individually rotated about each rotation axis 24. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In such an elevator brake device 13, among the plurality of main ropes 7, a plurality of brake device bodies 16 that individually apply braking force to the different main ropes 7 are guided by the common guide device 17. Even when the load weight of 6 increases and the number of main ropes 7 increases, the size of the brake device 13 can be suppressed and the braking force can be more reliably applied to each main rope 7. Can do.

  In each of the above embodiments, the number of the engagement devices pushed by the main rope 7 displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15 is two, that is, the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of engaging devices may be one, or may be three or more.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, each of the upper engagement device 26 and the lower engagement device 27 has a pair of pinching rollers 31 that sandwich the main rope 7, but the engagement device is attached to the main rope 7. Any member that can be pushed and displaced together with the brake head 22 may be used. For example, a plate-like member that sandwiches the main rope 7 or a cylindrical member that passes through the main rope 7 may be used as the engagement device.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, although the groove | channel where the main rope 7 fits is provided in each outer peripheral part of a pair of pinching roller 31 which pinches | interposes the main rope 7, the outer periphery of either one of a pair of pinching rollers 31 is provided. You may provide the groove | channel in which the main rope 7 fits only in a part.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, the rotation device 23 is provided between the brake head 22 and the relay bracket 21. However, even if the inclination angle of the brake head 22 is not changed, it is guided by the guide device 17. Since the brake device main body 16 can be displaced in accordance with the displacement of the main rope 7 in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave 15, the rotating device 23 is not necessary.

  6 car, 7 main rope, 12 hoist type hoisting machine, 13 brake device (elevator brake device), 15 hoisting machine sheave, 16 brake device main body, 17 guide device, 22 brake head, 23 rotating device, 25 Gripping device, 26 upper engagement device (engagement device), 27 lower engagement device (engagement device), 31 pinching roller.

Claims (4)

To an elevator having a hoisting type hoisting machine that moves up and down the car by winding and unwinding the main rope with respect to the hoisting machine sheave while displacing the main rope that suspends the car in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave An elevator brake device provided,
Brake device body having a brake head including a gripping device that grips the main rope and applies a braking force to the main rope, and an engagement device that is pushed by the main rope that is displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave And a guide device for guiding the brake device main body with respect to the hoisting machine sheave in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave,
The brake device main body is displaced in accordance with the displacement of the main rope while being guided by the guide device when the engagement device is pushed by the main rope displaced in the axial direction of the hoisting machine sheave. An elevator brake device. The engagement device has a pair of sandwiching rollers that sandwich the main rope,
The elevator brake device according to claim 1, wherein a groove into which the main rope is fitted is provided in at least one outer peripheral portion of each of the pinching rollers. At the position of the brake head, the inclination angle of the main rope with respect to the vertical line is changed by winding and unwinding the main rope with respect to the hoist sheave.
The brake head has a pair of engaging devices arranged apart from each other in the length direction of the main rope,
The brake device main body rotates the brake head around a rotation axis extending in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the hoist sheave to change the inclination angle of the main rope with respect to the vertical line. The elevator braking device according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation device that causes the brake head to follow. Among the plurality of main ropes that are wound and unwound with respect to the hoisting machine sheave, comprising a plurality of brake device bodies that individually apply braking force to the different main ropes,
4. The elevator brake device according to claim 1, wherein each of the brake device main bodies is guided by the common guide device. 5.

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