JP2012148844A - System for detecting state of passenger conveyor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for detecting states of a passenger conveyor, which can suppress upsizing of the system and can avoid a change in step structure of an escalator, incurring the change of strength.SOLUTION: There is provided the system for detecting states of the passenger conveyor which is constituted in such a manner that a plurality of boarding steps are connected to each other while interposing a chain between them and a step roller and a chain roller are traveled/moved on a guide rail to drive the plurality of steps. The system includes: a sound sensor which is arranged on at least one step; and a state detection device which receives a signal obtained by the sound sensor and detects the states of the passenger conveyor. The sound sensor is arranged in a region which locates on the back surface of the step and in which the amount of attenuation of sound intended to obtain is equal to or lower than a predetermined value.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a passenger conveyor state detection system.

  Escalators are frequently used as passenger conveyors that transport passengers to their destinations. There is an escalator abnormality diagnosis system for collecting information for prompt recovery from an abnormal state including an escalator failure (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1).

  In the escalator abnormality diagnosis system, when observing the operating state of the target escalator with sound, a sound sensor is installed behind the boarding step of the escalator, and a wide target area is covered by a sound sensor that moves continuously generated sound. I was trying. However, the propagation of sound is hindered by the escalator equipment and the structural members of the installation building. In order to solve this, the number of installed sound sensors is increased, resulting in an increase in the size of the system. For this reason, attempts have been made to widen the target area of the sound sensor (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  However, since the surrounding environment, such as the characteristics of the sound to be acquired and the structural strength, is changed, it is necessary to determine whether or not the technology can be applied each time and to examine whether or not the design can be changed. It was.

JP 2009-173434 A JP 2009-120368 A

Hiroyuki Hirota, 3 others, "Escalator abnormality diagnosis by inspection steps equipped with acceleration / sound sensors", Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 9, p.735-740

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a passenger conveyor state detection system capable of suppressing an increase in the size of the system and avoiding a change in the step structure of the escalator that causes a change in strength.

  The passenger conveyor state detection system according to the embodiment is a state of a passenger conveyor in which a plurality of steps for boarding are connected via a chain, and the step rollers and the chain roller travel on the guide rail to drive the plurality of steps. A detection system comprising: a sound sensor installed for at least one of the steps; and a state detection device that inputs a signal acquired by the sound sensor and detects the state of the passenger conveyor; The sound sensor is installed on a back surface of the step and in an area where the attenuation of the sound to be acquired is a predetermined value or less.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structural example of the escalator state detection system concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of schematic installation of the sound sensor of the step concerning 1st Embodiment, and a step back surface. This is a distribution in a plane perpendicular to the lateral direction (longitudinal direction) of the step in the simulation of sound attenuation on the back of the step. This is a distribution in a plane perpendicular to the step cleat in the sound attenuation simulation on the back of the step. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the escalator state detection system concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a mechanism of direction and position change of a sound sensor. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the escalator state detection system concerning 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the escalator state detection system concerning 3rd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Each embodiment will be described as an escalator state detection system taking an escalator as an example of a passenger conveyor. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to passenger conveyors other than escalators.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration example of an escalator state detection system according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the escalator state detection system 100 detects the state of the escalator E. The escalator E includes a step 101, a moving handrail 102, a driving device 103, and a control device 104.

  The step 101 is connected by a step chain endlessly connecting a plurality of steps on which passengers board, and is driven by the step roller and the chain roller traveling on the guide rail. The step 101 is housed in a truss 201 installed at the escalator E installation place 200, and moves between a sprocket 105 supported rotatably at the upper part of the truss 201 and a sprocket 106 supported rotatably at the lower part. To do.

  The moving handrail 102 moves with the movement of the step 101 and is configured endlessly.

  The drive device 103 drives and controls the escalator E by controlling the movement start / movement stop and movement speed of the step 101 and the moving handrail 102.

  The control device 104 may be connected to a centralized management system provided remotely from the escalator E. In this case, the control device 104 can perform drive control of the escalator E based on an instruction from the central management system. That is, the escalator E may be remotely operated from the central management system.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the sound sensor 3 is installed in the escalator E in order to acquire a detection target sound generated by driving the escalator E. For one escalator E, one or more sound sensors 3, a state detection device 4, and a vibration sensor 5 are provided. The sound sensor 3 may be installed at a plurality of detection points of the escalator E.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic installation example of the sound sensors on the steps and the back surface of the steps according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the step 101 includes a step cleat 101a, a step riser l01b, and a step beam 101c. The step cleat 101a is a groove that meshes with the comb at the entrance and exit, and prevents foreign matter and dust from entering the machine room. The step riser l01b is a kicking portion formed by being bent from an end portion of the step 101.

  In the present embodiment, the installation location of the sound sensor 3 is limited to the back side of the step 101. By limiting the installation area of the sound sensor 3, a wide range of sounds can be acquired. When installed on the back side of the step 101, the state detection system 100 may be configured with a small number of sound sensors 3 for an event / installation location where an abnormality occurs due to the stationary side of the escalator E and can be detected as sound. I can do it. The detection target is not limited to the step 101, and may be any component of the escalator E and its surroundings as long as the difference between normal and abnormal is significant. In the present embodiment, the detection target sound is preferably a sound of 20 Hz to 20 kHz that is a human audible frequency range.

  The step 101 moves in an endless driving range including the sprockets 105 and 106, and is surrounded by the truss 201 of the escalator E and the escalator installation place 200. Therefore, in order to avoid mutual interference between the sound sensors 3, the sound sensor 3 is not allowed to protrude to the inner side in the horizontal direction of the two step beams 101c of the step 101 and the side opposite to the step cleat in the vertical direction.

  The sound sensor 3 may be any microphone that converts sound into an electric signal, such as an electrodynamic type, a piezoelectric type, and an electrostatic type. The sound sensor 3 is capable of detecting a sound having a frequency range of at least 20 Hz to 20 kHz, and is connected to the state detection device 4. An output signal based on the detection target sound, that is, a sound signal of the detected detection target sound is received. Input to the state detection device 4.

  The sound sensor 3 includes an omnidirectional type and a directional type depending on directivity characteristics. Among sounds propagating from space, those with high or low sensitivity to sound in any direction are classified as directional types, and those with little difference due to directivity in any direction are classified as non-directional types. . In addition to the original properties of the sound sensor 3, directivity can be given depending on how it is attached. The sound sensor 3 applied to the present embodiment is not limited to either the non-directional type or the directional type, and it is preferable that the sound sensor 3 is properly used depending on the ambient environment, detection target sound, and the like.

  The state detection device 4 determines the state of the escalator E, that is, whether or not the escalator E is normal, based on the detection target sound detected by the sound sensor 3. In the present embodiment, the state detection device 4 performs frequency analysis by Fourier transform or the like on the sound signal of the detection target sound, and detects a peak frequency component that occurs when the escalator E is operated in a normal state. It is determined whether it is normal by comparing with the frequency component of the peak of the target sound.

  The frequency component of the detection target sound varies depending on whether the escalator E is operated in a normal state or in an abnormal state. Therefore, whether or not the escalator E is normal by comparing the peak frequency component of the detected sound with the frequency component of the peak of the sound generated when the escalator E is operating in a normal state. Determine. Similarly, whether the escalator E is abnormal by comparing the peak frequency component of the detected sound with the frequency component of the peak of the sound generated when the escalator E is operated in an abnormal state. Determine. The case where the escalator E is operated in an abnormal state includes an abnormal state and a state where the escalator E is not abnormal but not normal. The state detection target sound that is generated when the vehicle is operated in an abnormal state generally has a higher sound than the state detection target sound that is generated when the vehicle is operated in a normal state.

  3 and 4 are distribution diagrams in which the amount of sound reduction on the back surface of the step 101 is predicted (simulation of sound attenuation). Sound is attenuated by loss when passing through objects and diffraction when colliding with objects. In this simulation, since the sound source (sound source) is not specified and a sound of 300 Hz or higher is acquired, the distribution of attenuation due to transmission loss and diffraction of 315 Hz is calculated as an example.

  FIG. 3 shows an attenuation distribution in a plane perpendicular to the lateral direction (longitudinal direction) of the step 101. In FIG. 3, the lower end of the step riser l01b and the lower end of the step beam 101c have an attenuation of 0 to 3 dB, and the upper end of the step riser 101b and the step cleat 101a have an attenuation of 9 to 12 dB. It has become.

  FIG. 4 shows the distribution of attenuation in a plane perpendicular to the step cleat. The upper left step cleat 101a has an attenuation of 6 to 8 dB, and the lower right indicating the lower end of the step riser l01b has an attenuation of 6 to 8 dB.

  With the sound sensor 3 installed in the step, when the step 101 passes through the machine room of the escalator E, it can be observed that a sound pressure increase of several dB occurs over a wide band from several hundred Hz to several kHz. .

  Although each figure shows a calculation error during simulation, it goes without saying that there is no problem in selecting a suitable installation location. In these simulations, the installation area is limited to an upper limit of 6 dB as an allowable limit area of attenuation. This improves the effectiveness per sound sensor.

  In order to accurately acquire the sound during operation of the escalator E, it is important to install it at a place with as little attenuation as possible.

  From the simulation result, for example, a suitable installation area of the sound sensor 3 in the step 101 having a width dimension of 1 m is as follows.

  110mm from the cleat demarcation line of the horizontal plane 60mm above the lower end surface of the step riser and the front end surface of the step, with the lower end surface of the step riser as the 0mm reference and the horizontal plane from the horizontal plane 50mm below to 60mm above The plane that intersects with the vertical plane of the start point group, the plane that intersects the horizontal plane 50mm below the cleat back surface and the vertical plane 340mm behind the cleat demarcation line on the front end surface of the step, and the bottom of the step riser It is preferable to install the sound sensor 3 in a region formed by a logical sum with a region surrounded by a horizontal plane 60 mm above the end surface.

  Also, an intersection group 20 mm above the left end of the step and the lower end surface of the step riser, an intersection group 740 mm from the step cleat surface and the left end of the step, an area surrounded by a surface 50 mm below the lower end of the step riser, and the right end of the step and the lower step riser A sound sensor in an intersection group 20 mm above the end surface, an intersection group 740 mm from the step cleat surface and the right end of the step, a region surrounded by a surface 50 mm below the step riser bottom, and a region formed by the logical product of the back of the step riser It is preferable to install 3.

  Furthermore, the sound sensor 3 is preferably installed within the boundary of the edges of the two inclined struts that support the rollers so as not to hinder the movement when the step 101 is driven.

  The state detection device 4 may be connected to a centralized management system (not shown) provided remotely from the escalator E. In this case, the state detection device 4 can also notify the central management system of the state of the escalator E based on the detection target sound detected by the sound sensor 3. In such a case, the escalator E is detected in the remote state in the centralized management system. Therefore, the central management system has a function as the state detection device 4, outputs an output signal from the sound sensor 3 to the central management system, and the central management system detects the escalator E based on the detection target sound detected by the sound sensor 3. It is also possible to directly detect the state.

  Next, the operation of the escalator state detection system 100 will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an operation flow of the escalator state detection system 100 according to the first embodiment. First, the state detection device 4 acquires sound data of the detection target sound detected by the sound sensor 3 (step ST1).

  Next, the state detection device 4 performs frequency analysis of the sound data of the acquired detection target sound (step ST2). The frequency analysis here determines a Da frequency component which is a peak frequency component among a plurality of frequency components of the detected sound to be detected.

  Next, the state detection device 4 determines whether the Da frequency component exceeds the A frequency component that is the frequency component of the peak of the detection target sound that occurs when the escalator E is operating in a normal state (Da> A). It is determined whether or not (step ST3).

  Next, when it is determined that the Da frequency component exceeds the A frequency component (Yes in step ST3), the state detection device 4 occurs when the Da frequency component is operated in an abnormal state of the escalator E. Whether or not the value is equal to or greater than the value obtained by subtracting the tolerance α from the B frequency component, which is the frequency component of the sound peak, and equal to or less than the value obtained by adding the tolerance β to the B frequency component (B−α ≦ Da ≦ B + β). Determine (step ST4). That is, the state detection device 4 determines whether or not the escalator E is operated in an abnormal state by comparing the Da frequency component and the B frequency component. Here, the B frequency component is higher than the A frequency component. The B frequency component may be a peak frequency component of the detection target sound that is predicted when the escalator E is operated in an abnormal state. The tolerances α and β are arbitrarily set, and are used to determine that there is an abnormality even if the Da frequency component is close to the B frequency component as well as the B frequency component. The tolerances α and β may be the same or different.

  Next, when the state detection device 4 determines that B−α ≦ Da ≦ B + β (Yes in step ST4), the state detection device 4 performs abnormality determination (step ST5). When abnormality determination is performed, for example, the state detector of the escalator E is notified that the escalator E is abnormal.

  If the state detection device 4 determines that B−α ≦ Da ≦ B + β is not satisfied (No in step ST4), the state detection device 4 performs a caution determination (step ST6). The attention determination is a state in which the escalator E is not operated in a normal state and is not operated in an abnormal state.

  If it is determined that the Da frequency component does not exceed the A frequency component (No in step ST3), it is determined that the escalator E is operating in a normal state (step ST7).

  It is preferable that the sound sensor 3 can freely change the mounting direction, angle, and the like at the installation location in accordance with the difference in dimensional accuracy and structure of the step 101, the installation location of the escalator E, and the like. Therefore, the sound sensor 3 includes rotation adjustment mechanisms 3a and 3b around the respective axes for adjusting the direction of the mounting arm, a position adjustment mechanism 3c for adjusting the position, and expansion / contraction adjustment mechanisms 3d, 3e, and 3f. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a mechanism for changing the direction and position of the sound sensor 3. For example, each mechanism is moved in two axial directions, a vertical direction perpendicular to the cleat plane of the step 101 and an axis parallel to the cleat demarcation line on the front end surface of the step and an axis that intersects the parallel axis at 90 degrees in the horizontal plane. It is preferable that the sound sensor 3 is installed on the step 101 by a movable jig that is capable of rotating and tilting and that constitutes each mechanism. Further, it is preferable that the step 101 is movable in the respective axis directions of the cleat width direction, the step cleat depth direction, and the step cleat vertical direction, and the sound sensor 3 is installed on the step 101 by a movable jig constituting each mechanism. is there. In addition, about each mechanism, since a well-known mechanism can be utilized, it does not elaborate here.

  According to the present embodiment, the state of the escalator E can be accurately detected even when the detection area is narrowly arranged using at least one sound sensor 3, thereby suppressing an increase in the size of the system. be able to.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, an escalator state detection system according to the second embodiment will be described. In the escalator state detection system 100 according to the second embodiment, the sound sensor 3 is installed at one or more detection points of one escalator E, and further, one or more units are installed to detect displacement, speed, or acceleration. A sensor 5. Since the installation area of the sound sensor 3 and the vibration sensor 5 on the back surface of the step 101 overlaps with the installation of the sound sensor 3 in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  In the second embodiment, the state detection device 4 calculates the cross-correlation between the signal acquired by the sound sensor 3 and the signal acquired by the vibration sensor 5. Thereby, in addition to the state detection by the sound sensor 3, the occurrence location information is acquired. Since determination of normality, caution, and abnormality in the state detection device 4 by the sound sensor 3 is the same as that in the first embodiment, duplicate description is omitted.

  Next, the operation of the escalator state detection system 100 according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow of the escalator state detection system according to the second embodiment.

  First, the state detection device 4 acquires sound data (step ST1) and simultaneously acquires vibration data (step ST11).

  Next, the state detection device 4 performs frequency analysis of the acquired sound data and vibration data (step ST2 and step ST12). In the frequency analysis here, the Da and Dav frequency components, which are the peak frequencies, of the frequency components of the detection target sound and the vibration are determined.

  Next, the state detection device 4 obtains a complex product of the Da frequency component and the Dav frequency component, and determines whether or not it exceeds the C frequency characteristic (Da * Dav> C) that is a peak frequency recognized as having a correlation. (Step ST14).

  Next, when the state detection device 4 determines that the Da * Dav frequency component exceeds the C frequency component (Yes in step ST14), the state detection device 4 determines that the Dav frequency component is a sound generation location of the Da frequency component (step ST15). . On the other hand, when the Da * Dav frequency component does not exceed the C frequency component (No in step ST14), the processing is terminated with no particular problem.

  According to the present embodiment, the location of the sound generation can be specified by the cross-correlation between the one or more sound sensors 3 and the one or more vibration sensors 5.

(Third embodiment)
Next, an escalator state detection system according to the third embodiment will be described. The escalator state detection system 100 according to the third embodiment includes a plurality of sound sensors 3 at a plurality of detection locations of one escalator E.

  Since the installation area of the sound sensor 3 on the back surface of the step 101 overlaps with the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. The sound sensor 3 can be installed in all areas that can be detected by the escalator E. As described in the first embodiment, a suitable installation location is selected in consideration of the sound attenuation. To do. The state detection by the plurality of sound sensors 3 is analyzed, and the occurrence location information is acquired. Since determination of normality, caution, and abnormality in the state detection device 4 by the sound sensor 3 is the same as that in the first embodiment, duplicate description is omitted.

  Next, the operation of the escalator state detection system 100 according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow of the escalator state detection system according to the third embodiment.

  First, the state detection device 4 acquires sound data (step ST1), and simultaneously acquires other sound data (step ST21).

  Next, the state detection device 4 performs frequency analysis of the acquired plurality of sound data (step ST2 and step ST22). In the frequency analysis of a plurality of sound data, the peak frequency Da (1) and Da (2 to N) frequency components are determined from the detected frequency components of the detection target sound and vibration (where N ≧ 2). integer).

  Next, the state detection apparatus 4 calculates | requires the complex product of a Da (1) frequency component and a Da (2-N) frequency component (step ST23), and exceeds the C frequency characteristic which is a peak frequency recognized that there exists a correlation ( It is determined whether or not Da (1) * Dav (2 to N)> C) (step ST24).

  Next, when the state detection device 4 determines that the Da (1) * Da (2-N) frequency component exceeds the C frequency component (Yes in ST24), the Da (2-N) frequency component is Da (1). It is determined that the sound generated from the same location as the frequency component is captured (Yes in step ST24).

  Next, the state detection device 4 compares Da (1)> Da (2 to N) frequency components. If Da (1) exceeds Da (2 to N), it is determined that Da (1) is in the vicinity of the sound generation location (Yes in ST25). When the Da (2-N) frequency component does not exceed the Da (1) frequency component, it is determined that Da (2-N) is in the vicinity of the sound generation location (No in step ST25).

  According to the present embodiment, it is possible to identify a sound generation location by cross-correlation between two or more sound sensors 3.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Escalator state detection system 3 ... Sound sensor 3a, 3b ... Axis rotation adjustment mechanism 3c ... Position adjustment mechanism 3d, 3e, 3f ... Expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism 4 ... State detection apparatus 5 ... Vibration sensor 101 ... Step 101a ... Step cleat l01b ... Step riser 101c ... Step beam 102 ... Moving handrail 103 ... Drive device 104 ... Control device 105, 106 ... Sprocket 200 ... Escalator installation location 201 ... Truss E ... Escalator

Claims (12)

A passenger conveyor state detection system in which a plurality of steps for boarding are connected via a chain, and a step roller and a chain roller travel on the guide rail to drive the plurality of steps,
A sound sensor installed for at least one of the steps;
A state detection device that inputs a signal acquired by the sound sensor and detects the state of the passenger conveyor,
The sound sensor is a back surface of the step, and is a passenger conveyor state detection system installed in an area where the attenuation of sound to be acquired is a predetermined value or less.   The sound sensor is based on a cleat demarcation line between the area surrounded by a horizontal plane from the horizontal plane below 50 mm to the upper level of 60 mm, the horizontal plane 60 mm above the lower level of the step riser, and the front end face of the step with the lower level of the step riser as the 0 mm reference. A plane with the intersection line with the vertical plane 110mm deep as the start point group, the plane with the intersection line between the horizontal plane 50mm below the back of the cleat and the cleat demarcation line at the front end surface of the step 340mm deep and the above step The passenger conveyor state detection system according to claim 1, wherein the passenger conveyor state detection system is installed in an area formed by a logical sum with an area surrounded by a horizontal plane 60 mm above the lower end surface of the riser.   The sound sensor includes an intersection group 20 mm above the step left end and the step riser bottom surface, an intersection group 740 mm from the step cleat surface and the step left end, a region surrounded by a surface 50 mm below the step riser bottom, and the step right end, Installed in the intersection of the step riser lower end surface 20mm, the intersection of the step cleat surface and the right end of the step 740mm, the region surrounded by the surface 50mm downward from the step riser lower end, and the region formed by the logical product of the back of the step riser The passenger conveyor state detection system according to claim 1.   4. The passenger conveyor state detection system according to claim 1, wherein the sound sensor is installed within a boundary between two inclined columns supporting the step roller and the chain roller. 5.   The state detection device performs frequency analysis on the sound signal acquired by the sound sensor, and the peak frequency component Da is generated when the passenger conveyor is operated in a normal state. The passenger conveyor state detection system of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 compared with A.   The state detection device performs frequency analysis on the sound signal acquired by the sound sensor, and the peak frequency component Da is generated when the passenger conveyor is operated in an abnormal state. The passenger conveyor state detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is compared with B.   7. The frequency component Da is compared with a value obtained by adding or subtracting a correction value to the frequency component B, and an abnormality can be determined even if the frequency component Da is in the vicinity of the frequency component B. The passenger conveyor state detection system described.   The sound sensor has two axial directions, a vertical direction perpendicular to the cleat plane of the step, an axis parallel to the cleat demarcation line on the front end surface of the step, and an axis that intersects the parallel axis at 90 degrees in the horizontal plane. The passenger conveyor state detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the passenger conveyor state detection system is installed on the step by a movable jig capable of rotating and tilting.   8. The sound sensor according to claim 1, wherein the sound sensor is installed on the step by a movable jig that is movable in each axial direction of the step cleat width direction, step cleat depth direction, and step cleat vertical direction. The passenger conveyor state detection system described.   10. A vibration sensor for detecting displacement, speed, or acceleration is installed on the passenger conveyor, and information on a location where the operating state sound of the passenger conveyor is generated is obtained by cross-correlation with the sound sensor. The passenger conveyor state detection system according to item 1.   11. The sound sensor according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the sound sensors are installed on the passenger conveyor, and information on a location where the passenger state sound of the passenger conveyor is generated is acquired based on the cross-correlation and magnitude of the analyzed frequency component Da. The passenger conveyor state detection system according to item 1.   The passenger conveyor state detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the sound sensor is capable of detecting sound in a frequency aggregation range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.

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