JP2012136763A - Method for producing high-strength electromagnetic steel sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-strength electromagnetic steel sheet being desirable as a rotor material for a high-speed motor, stably having high strength and high fatigue characteristics, and being excellent also in magnetic characteristics.SOLUTION: The high-strength electromagnetic steel sheet is produced by subjecting a slab having a composition containing, by mass%, more than 3.5% to 5.0% Si, 0.0005-0.0030% S, 0.0015% or more Ca, and 0.01-0.1%, in total, one or two elements selected from Sn and Sb, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, to a series of steps including hot rolling, single cold rolling and finish annealing.

Description

  The present invention has a high strength suitable for use in components to which large stress is applied, such as a rotor of a high-speed rotating machine such as a turbine generator, a drive motor of an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a motor for a machine tool. The present invention relates to a method for producing a high-strength electrical steel sheet having excellent fatigue characteristics and excellent magnetic characteristics.

  In recent years, with the development of motor drive systems, it is possible to control the frequency of the drive power supply, and the number of motors that perform variable speed operation and high-speed rotation above the commercial frequency is increasing. In a motor that performs such high-speed rotation, the centrifugal force acting on a rotating body such as a rotor is proportional to the rotation radius and increases in proportion to the square of the rotation speed. The material needs to have high strength.

Further, in recent years, in an embedded magnet type DC inverter control motor that is increasingly used in a drive motor, a compressor motor, and the like of a hybrid vehicle, a magnet is embedded by providing a slit on the outer periphery of the rotor. For this reason, stress concentrates on a narrow bridge portion (such as a portion between the outer periphery of the rotor and the slit) due to the centrifugal force when the motor rotates at high speed. In addition, since the stress state changes due to the acceleration / deceleration operation or vibration of the motor, the core material used for the rotor requires high strength and high fatigue strength.
In addition, in a high-speed rotating motor, eddy current is generated by high-frequency magnetic flux, and motor efficiency is reduced and heat is generated. When this amount of heat generation increases, the magnet embedded in the rotor is demagnetized, so that it is also required that the iron loss in the high frequency range is low.
Accordingly, there is a demand for a high-strength electrical steel sheet that is excellent in magnetic properties and fatigue properties as a material for a rotor.

As strengthening methods for steel sheets, solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening, grain fine strengthening, and composite structure strengthening are known, but since many of these strengthening methods degrade the magnetic properties, generally strength and It is extremely difficult to achieve both magnetic properties.
Under such circumstances, several proposals have been made for electrical steel sheets having high tension.

For example, in Patent Document 1, the Si content is increased to 3.5 to 7.0%, and elements such as Ti, W, Mo, Mn, Ni, Co, and Al are added to enhance the solid solution, thereby increasing the strength. A method has been proposed.
Patent Document 2 proposes a method for improving the magnetic properties by setting the crystal grain size to 0.01 to 5.0 mm by devising finish annealing conditions in addition to the above strengthening method.
However, when these methods are applied to factory production, troubles such as plate breakage are likely to occur in the continuous annealing process after hot rolling and the subsequent rolling process, resulting in problems such as a decrease in yield and line stoppage. there were.
In this regard, if cold rolling is warm rolling with a plate temperature of several hundred degrees Celsius, the plate breakage will be reduced, but not only will it be necessary to provide equipment for warm rolling, but there will be restrictions on production. The problem of process management is also great, such as increasing

Patent Document 3 discloses a method of strengthening a solid solution with Mn or Ni in steel having a Si content of 2.0 to 3.5%, and Patent Document 4 discloses a method for steel having a Si content of 2.0 to 4.0%. Thus, a technique has been proposed in which solid solution strengthening is performed by adding Mn or Ni, and carbon nitrides such as Nb, Zr, Ti, and V are used to achieve both high strength and magnetic properties.
However, these methods have a problem that a large amount of expensive elements such as Ni is added, and the yield is reduced due to an increase in defects such as baldness, resulting in high costs. In addition, the actual situation is that the fatigue characteristics of the materials obtained by these disclosed techniques have not been sufficiently studied.

Furthermore, as a high-strength electrical steel sheet focusing on fatigue resistance characteristics, Patent Document 5 discloses a fatigue limit of 350 MPa or more by controlling the crystal grain size according to the steel composition of the electrical steel sheet having a Si content of 3.3% or less. Techniques to achieve are disclosed.
However, this method has a low fatigue limit reaching level itself and does not satisfy the recent required level, for example, fatigue limit strength of 500 MPa or more.

On the other hand, Patent Document 6 and Patent Document 7 propose a high-strength electrical steel sheet in which an unrecrystallized structure remains in the steel sheet. According to these methods, high strength can be obtained relatively easily while maintaining the productivity after hot rolling.
However, the inventors have evaluated the stability of the mechanical properties of the material in which the non-recrystallized structure remains in this way, and it has been found that the variation tends to be large. That is, although it shows high mechanical properties on average, it has been found that because of large variations, it may break in a short time even with relatively small stress.

When the variation of such mechanical characteristics is large, it is necessary to improve the worst mechanical characteristics to the required mechanical characteristics within the range of the dispersed mechanical characteristics. One way to achieve this is to improve the average mechanical properties. For this purpose, however, the material that has remained unrecrystallized structure can be improved by reducing the finish annealing temperature. Need to increase. Thereby, although the variation of the mechanical characteristics itself is not eliminated, troubles such as breakage can be prevented by raising the characteristics in the portion having relatively low mechanical characteristics.
However, there is a problem that iron loss increases when the finish annealing is performed at a low temperature to increase the non-recrystallized structure.
That is, when the variation in mechanical characteristics becomes large, the iron loss is forced to increase.
Therefore, reducing the variation in mechanical characteristics itself is also effective in reducing iron loss.

  As described above, it is extremely difficult to provide a stable and inexpensive material with high strength, high strength electrical steel sheet with excellent magnetic properties and manufacturability, and with small variations in mechanical strength. The situation is difficult.

JP 60-238421 A JP-A-62-112723 JP-A-2-22442 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-8346 JP 2001-234303 A JP-A-2005-113185 JP 2007-186790 A

  The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and is a high strength electrical steel sheet that is suitable as a rotor material for a high-speed rotary motor, has stable high strength and fatigue properties, and has excellent magnetic properties. The object is to propose an advantageous production method.

In order to solve the above problems, the inventors have conducted a thorough examination on the mechanical strength and fatigue characteristics of a high-strength electrical steel sheet using an unrecrystallized recovery structure to reduce the variation in mechanical strength and fatigue strength. In addition, intensive research was conducted on manufacturing conditions for improving the manufacturability.
As a result, the present inventors have found that precipitates that inhibit the growth of crystal grains, particularly the structure after hot-rolled sheet annealing and finish annealing, have a great influence on the variation in mechanical properties. Furthermore, it has been found that the addition of Ca is effective for improving the manufacturability.
The present invention is based on the above findings.

That is, the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. % By mass
C: 0.0050% or less,
Si: more than 3.5% and less than 5.0%
Mn: 0.10% or less,
Al: 0.0010% or less,
P: 0.030% or less,
N: 0.0040% or less,
S: 0.0005% or more and 0.0030% or less,
Ca: 0.0015% or more and
One or two total selected from Sn and Sb: Contains 0.01% or more and 0.1% or less, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurity composition, slab is heated and then hot rolled, When hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed, after pickling, and after making the final sheet thickness by one cold rolling, when producing a high-strength electrical steel sheet by a series of processes for finishing annealing,
In the above hot-rolled sheet annealing step, the area ratio of recrystallized grains in the steel sheet rolling direction cross section after hot-rolled sheet annealing is as follows: annealing temperature: 850 ° C to 1000 ° C, annealing time: 10 seconds to 10 minutes In addition to selecting the annealing conditions that are 100% and the recrystallized grain size is 80 μm or more and 300 μm or less,
In the above-mentioned finish annealing process, the annealing temperature: 670 ° C or higher and 800 ° C or lower, annealing time: 2 seconds or longer and within 1 minute, the area ratio of recrystallized grains in the cross section in the rolling direction of the steel sheet after finishing annealing is 30% or higher. %, And the annealing conditions are selected such that the length of the connected unrecrystallized grain groups in the rolling direction is 2.5 mm or less.

2. 2. The method for producing a high-strength electrical steel sheet according to 1 above, wherein the average crystal grain size of the recrystallized grains in the cross section in the rolling direction of the steel sheet after the finish annealing is 15 μm or more.

3. 3. The method for producing a high-strength electrical steel sheet according to either 1 or 2, wherein the rolling reduction in cold rolling is 80% or more.

  According to the present invention, a high-strength electrical steel sheet that exhibits high strength and low iron loss and stably exhibits high fatigue strength can be obtained with good manufacturability.

It is a graph which shows the influence which hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature has on tensile strength. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the rolling direction length of a non-recrystallized grain group, and 2sigma of tensile strength.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described.
The present inventors first examined the root cause of the variation in characteristics. The characteristic variation means that the characteristic fluctuates in the plate width direction or the length direction in the product, or that the characteristics of two products manufactured under similar manufacturing conditions are different. As manufacturing conditions, for example, the finish annealing temperature is not strictly constant, but varies in the plate width direction or the length direction, and different coils do not have exactly the same temperature. The components in the slab also vary in the same way.

Such variations in temperature and components under manufacturing conditions are considered to cause variations in product characteristics. Therefore, in order to reduce the variation in the product characteristics, it is only necessary to reduce the fluctuation of the manufacturing conditions, but there is a limit to reducing the fluctuation of the manufacturing conditions.
The inventors considered that the manufacturing method for reducing variation in product characteristics is a method in which the product characteristics do not vary even when the manufacturing conditions fluctuate as described above.

It is considered that the state of precipitates in the material has the most influence on the properties of the material in the intermediate process due to the fluctuation of the manufacturing conditions as described above.
Precipitates affect the growth of crystal grains during hot-rolled sheet annealing and finish annealing. That is, it affects the crystal structure of the product plate. Therefore, in high-strength electrical steel sheets that utilize unrecrystallized recovery structure, it is extremely important to control the recrystallization rate, so reducing fluctuations in the state of precipitates reduces variation in product characteristics. It is thought that.

In order to reduce the fluctuation of the state of the precipitate, it is conceivable to increase the amount of the precipitate to increase the size, or to make the state almost free of the precipitate.
Here, the inventors have chosen to have almost no precipitate. This is because it is considered that not having precipitates is advantageous not only for iron loss but also having good grain growth of the product plate, so that it can be used for semi-process materials.

From the above, the inventors think that if the precipitates in the material are reduced, the variation in the characteristics of the product will be reduced, so that Mn, Al, S, C, An experiment was conducted using a steel slab having a composition in which N was reduced as much as possible.
The specific composition is 3.65% Si-0.03% Mn-0.0005% Al-0.02% P-0.0019% S-0.0018% C-0.0019% N-0.04% Sn. Unless otherwise specified, “%” in relation to ingredients means mass%.

However, when the above steel slab was heated at 1100 ° C. and then hot rolled to a thickness of 2.0 mm, there was a problem that some materials were broken. Then, in order to elucidate the cause of the fracture, as a result of investigating the fractured hot rolled material, it was found that S was concentrated in the cracked portion. It is considered that no thickening of Mn was observed in the thickened portion of S, and the thickened S became FeS in the liquid phase during hot rolling, causing breakage.
In order to prevent such breakage, S may be reduced, but there is a limit to lowering S in production, and the cost of desulfurization increases. On the other hand, it is conceivable that Mn is increased and S is fixed as MnS, but the precipitated MnS is a precipitate having a strong inhibitory effect on crystal grain growth, as used as an inhibitor in grain-oriented electrical steel sheets. .

Therefore, as a solution to this problem, the inventors can use Ca and precipitate S as CaS which has a small influence on crystal grain growth, and can prevent breakage in hot rolling, and the characteristics of the product plate. The following experiment was conducted on the assumption that the variation of the above could be reduced.
3.71% Si-0.03% Mn-0.0005% Al-0.02% P-0.0020% S-0.0019% C-0.0018% N-0.04% Sn-0.0032% Ca steel slab heated at 1100 ° C and then 2.0mm The hot-rolled sheet that has been hot-rolled to thickness is subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing at various temperatures shown in Table 1, then pickled and cold-rolled to a sheet thickness of 0.35 mm, and then finished at the temperature shown in Table 1. Annealed. In addition, the appearance of the hot-rolled sheet was investigated in the course of this experiment, but no cracks were observed.

From these samples, five JIS No. 5 tensile test pieces were sampled in the rolling direction and five in the direction perpendicular to the rolling for each condition, and the tensile test was performed.
The result is shown in FIG. The variation was evaluated by the standard deviation σ, and a range of ± 2σ was shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the tensile strength averaged over 650 MPa in all conditions, which was very high compared to normal electrical steel sheets, but the degree of variation was large depending on the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature. It was different, and the variation became large in condition 1 where the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature was low and condition 4 where the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature was high.

Then, about these samples, the cross-section of the cold-rolled annealing plate in the rolling direction was embedded and polished, and the structure was observed.
As a result, all had a recrystallization ratio of 60 to 80%, and the balance was a mixed structure with an unrecrystallized structure. Although it is difficult to accurately identify the unrecrystallized part, it is said that the crystal grains after the original hot-rolled sheet annealing are stretched by cold rolling to form several stretched texture groups. Seem.
The steel sheets of conditions 1 and 4 were found to have a tendency that the rolling direction length of the non-recrystallized grain group tends to be longer than the steel sheets of the other production conditions. I guessed there wasn't.

Therefore, when the structure after the hot-rolled sheet annealing was observed retrospectively, the condition 1 was a mixed structure of the rolled structure and the recrystallized structure expanded by hot rolling, and the average grain size of the recrystallized part was 25 μm. Conditions 2 to 4 were structures consisting only of a recrystallized structure, and the average crystal grain size was Condition 2: 100 μm, Condition 3: 290 μm, and Condition 4: 490 μm.
Therefore, we considered that it is an important requirement to suppress the dispersion of characteristics by setting the recrystallization rate to 100% after hot-rolled sheet annealing and creating the structure after hot-rolled sheet annealing so as to keep the recrystallized grains fine. .
In addition to controlling the structure after hot-rolled sheet annealing, it is also found that the appropriate control of the cold rolling conditions is also important for the structure control during the cold-rolled sheet annealing targeted in the present invention. Based on these findings, the inventors succeeded in developing a high-strength electrical steel sheet including an unrecrystallized recovery structure that is excellent in magnetic properties, mechanical properties, and fatigue properties, and that has a high effect of suppressing such variation in properties. It has been developed and completed.

Next, the reason why the steel component is limited to the above composition range in the present invention will be described.
C: 0.0050% or less C has an effect of increasing strength by precipitation of carbides, but is harmful to variations in magnetic characteristics and mechanical characteristics of products. Since the strengthening of the present invention is achieved mainly by utilizing the solid solution strengthening of the substitutional element of Si and the unrecrystallized recovery structure, C is limited to 0.0050% or less.

Si: Over 3.5% and below 5.0%
In addition to being generally used as a deoxidizer for steel, Si has the effect of increasing electrical resistance and reducing iron loss, and thus is a main element constituting an electrical steel sheet. In the present invention, since other solid solution strengthening elements such as Mn, Al, and Ni are not used, Si is positively added in excess of 3.5% as an element that is a main component of solid solution strengthening. However, if the Si content exceeds 5.0%, the productivity decreases as cracks occur during cold rolling, so the upper limit was made 5.0%. Desirably, it is 4.5% or less.

Mn: 0.10% or less
Mn, which precipitates as MnS, is not only a hindrance to domain wall movement, but also a harmful element that degrades magnetic properties by inhibiting crystal grain growth. To reduce the variation in magnetic properties of products, it is 0.10% or less. Limit to.

Al: 0.0010% or less
Al, like Si, is commonly used as a deoxidizer for steel, and is one of the main constituent elements of non-oriented electrical steel sheets because of its large effect of increasing electrical resistance and reducing iron loss. is there. However, in the present invention, the amount of nitride needs to be extremely small in order to reduce the variation in the mechanical properties of the product, so it is limited to 0.0050% or less.

P: 0.030% or less P is extremely effective for increasing the strength because a large solid solution strengthening ability can be obtained even with a relatively small amount of addition, but excessive addition causes embrittlement due to segregation and intergranular cracking and rollability. Therefore, the amount of P is limited to 0.030% or less.

N: 0.0040% or less N is limited to 0.0040% or less in order to increase the deterioration of the magnetic characteristics and the variation in the mechanical characteristics of the product in the same manner as C described above.

S: 0.0005% or more and 0.0030% or less In the present invention, in order to reduce the variation in the mechanical properties of the product, the amount of sulfide needs to be extremely reduced, and is limited to 0.0030% or less. In a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, S is generally a harmful element that forms a sulfide such as MnS and not only hinders domain wall movement, but also deteriorates magnetic properties by inhibiting crystal grain growth. Reduction as much as possible contributes to improvement of magnetic properties. However, in order to suppress the cost increase due to desulfurization, it was set to 0.0005% or more.

One or two selected from Sn and Sb: 0.01% or more and 0.1% or less
Both Sn and Sb have the effect of improving the texture and enhancing the magnetic properties, but in order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to add 0.01% or more in any case where Sb and Sn are added alone or in combination. is there. On the other hand, if excessively added, the steel becomes brittle, and sheet breakage and sag increase during the manufacture of the steel sheet increase. Therefore, Sn and Sb should be 0.1% or less in either case of single addition or composite addition.

Ca: 0.0015% or more In the present invention, since Mn is lower than that of a normal non-oriented electrical steel sheet, Ca prevents the formation of liquid phase FeS by fixing S in the steel, and is manufactured during hot rolling. Make good. In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to add 0.0015% or more. However, too much addition increases the cost, so the upper limit is preferably about 0.01%.

By using the essential component and the suppressing component as described above, the fluctuation of the precipitate state that affects the growth of crystal grains can be reduced, so that the variation in the mechanical characteristics of the product can be reduced.
In the present invention, it is desirable that other elements be reduced at a level that does not cause manufacturing problems in order to increase the variation in mechanical properties of the product.

Next, the reason for limiting the steel sheet structure in the present invention will be described.
The high-strength electrical steel sheet of the present invention is composed of a mixed structure of recrystallized grains and non-recrystallized grains. It is important to appropriately control this structure and disperse the unrecrystallized grain group appropriately.
First, it is necessary to control the area ratio of the recrystallized grains within a range of 30% or more and 95% or less in a steel plate rolling direction cross section (cross section perpendicular to the plate width direction). If the recrystallization area ratio is less than 30%, the iron loss increases. On the other hand, if the recrystallization ratio exceeds 95%, sufficient strength cannot be obtained as compared with the conventional non-oriented electrical steel sheet. A more preferable recrystallization rate is 65 to 85%.

  It is also important that the length of the connected unrecrystallized grain group in the rolling direction is 2.5 mm or less. Here, the connected non-recrystallized grain group is a group of stretched structures in which different crystal grains after hot rolling and / or crystal grains after different hot-rolled sheet annealing are stretched by rolling. It is defined by an average value obtained by observing the cross-sectional structure in the rolling direction and measuring the length in the rolling direction of 10 or more unrecrystallized grain groups. By suppressing the length of the non-recrystallized group to 2.5 mm or less, it is possible to reduce the variation in the mechanical characteristics of the product and to stably manufacture a material having high strength and high fatigue characteristics. A more preferable non-recrystallized group length is 0.2 to 1.5 mm.

The reason for this is not necessarily clear, but it is conceivable that the interface of the rolling extension structure of non-recrystallized grains affects the crack.
That is, this non-recrystallized grain group has a shape compressed in the plate thickness direction and expanded in the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction. In the present invention, this non-recrystallized grain group is mixed with the recrystallized grain. Since the mechanical properties of unrecrystallized grains and recrystallized grains are significantly different, if a crack occurs due to a tensile stress, the crack propagates along the boundary between the unrecrystallized grains and the recrystallized grains, resulting in failure. It is thought that In the present invention, since there are almost no precipitates, cracks along the boundary between the non-recrystallized grain group and the recrystallized grains are higher than those of the high-strength electrical steel sheet utilizing the unrecrystallized recovery structure in which normal precipitates are present. It is thought that it is hard to generate. However, also in the present invention, when the unrecrystallized grain group is coarse, the stress concentration at the tip of the non-recrystallized grain group becomes large, and the variation in mechanical characteristics is increased.
In this respect, if the length of the connected unrecrystallized grain groups in the rolling direction is in the above range, the recrystallization ratio can be appropriately adjusted in the range of 30 to 95% according to the required strength level. That is, if the required strength level is high, the recrystallization rate can be lowered. On the other hand, when the magnetic properties are emphasized, the recrystallization rate can be increased. The strength level mainly depends on the proportion of unrecrystallized structure. Therefore, in order to improve the magnetic properties, it is effective to increase the average crystal grain size of the recrystallized grains, and the average crystal grain size is preferably 15 μm or more. The upper limit of the average crystal grain size is preferably about 100 μm. A more preferable range of the average crystal grain size is 20 to 50 μm.

Next, the manufacturing method according to the present invention and the reason for limiting the intermediate structure will be described.
The manufacturing process of the high-strength electrical steel sheet according to the present invention can be carried out using processes and equipment applied to general non-oriented electrical steel sheets.
For example, steel that has been melted to a specified component composition in a converter or electric furnace is secondarily refined with a degassing facility, and then steel slab is obtained by continuous casting or ingot lump rolling, followed by hot rolling , Hot-rolled sheet annealing, pickling, cold rolling, finish annealing, and insulation coating coating baking.
Here, in order to obtain a desired steel structure, it is important to control the manufacturing conditions as described below.

  First, in the hot rolling, the slab heating temperature is preferably set to 1000 ° C. or more and 1200 ° C. or less. Especially when the slab heating temperature is high, not only is the energy loss large and uneconomical, but the high-temperature strength of the slab decreases and it is easy to cause manufacturing problems such as slab dripping. preferable.

In order to obtain a structure after finish annealing according to the present invention, the structure after hot-rolled sheet annealing needs to have a recrystallization rate of 100% and the average grain size of the recrystallized grains needs to be 80 μm or more and 300 μm or less.
In order to obtain the above steel structure, it is necessary to set the temperature of the hot-rolled sheet annealing to 850 ° C. or more and 1000 ° C. or less.
This is because when the annealing temperature is less than 850 ° C., it is difficult to stabilize the recrystallization rate after hot-rolled sheet annealing to 100%, while when the annealing temperature exceeds 1000 ° C., the average recrystallization after hot-rolled sheet annealing is difficult. This is because there are cases where the crystal grain size exceeds 300 μm. In addition, in steels with a small amount of precipitates as in the present invention, if the annealing temperature exceeds 1000 ° C, the precipitates will dissolve and reprecipitate at the grain boundaries during cooling, which may adversely affect the growth of crystal grains. It is done.
Further, from the viewpoint of stably setting the recrystallization rate to 100%, the annealing time is set to 10 seconds or more, while from the viewpoint of setting the average recrystallization grain size to 300 μm or less, the annealing time is within 10 minutes. There is a need to.

And under the above-mentioned annealing temperature: 850 ° C. or more and 1000 ° C. or less, annealing time: 10 seconds or more and 10 minutes or less, the area ratio of recrystallized grains in the cross section in the rolling direction of the steel sheet after hot-rolled sheet annealing is 100%. In addition, the annealing conditions are selected so that the recrystallized grain size is not less than 80 μm and not more than 300 μm.
Here, the recrystallized ratio of the microstructure after hot-rolled sheet annealing is set to 100% because the variation in the state of the processed structure increases the variation in the mechanical properties of the product plate under the condition that the processed structure remains. is there.

Next, after the above-described hot-rolled sheet annealing, a so-called single-rolling method in which the final sheet thickness is obtained by one cold rolling is applied to perform cold rolling. The rolling reduction at this time is preferably 80% or more. This is because if the rolling reduction is less than 80%, the amount of recrystallized nuclei necessary for subsequent finish annealing is insufficient, and it becomes difficult to properly control the dispersion state of the unrecrystallized structure. .
By satisfying both the post-annealing structure and the rolling reduction condition, it is possible to appropriately control the dispersion state of the non-recrystallized structure in the subsequent finish annealing. This is presumably because the recrystallization nuclei in finish annealing are dispersed and increased by making the intermediate structure fine and introducing sufficient strain in the rolling process.

Next, finish annealing is performed, and the annealing temperature at this time needs to be 670 ° C. or higher and 800 ° C. or lower. This is because when the annealing temperature is less than 670 ° C., recrystallization does not proceed sufficiently and the magnetic properties may be significantly deteriorated, and the plate shape correction effect in continuous annealing is not fully exhibited, while 800 This is because when the temperature is higher than 0 ° C., the non-recrystallized structure disappears and the strength decreases.
From the viewpoint of setting the recrystallization rate to 30% or more, the annealing time should be 2 seconds or more. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of setting the recrystallization rate to 95% or less, the annealing time must be within 1 minute. There is.

  And under the above-mentioned annealing temperature: 670 ° C. or more and 800 ° C. or less, annealing time: 2 seconds or more and 1 minute or less, the area ratio of recrystallized grains in the steel sheet rolling direction cross section after finish annealing is 30 to 95%. And, the annealing conditions are selected so that the length of the connected unrecrystallized grain group in the rolling direction is 2.5 mm or less.

  After the finish annealing described above, it is advantageous to apply an insulating coating to the surface of the steel sheet in order to reduce iron loss. In this case, in order to ensure good punchability, it is desirable to apply a semi-organic or inorganic coating when the organic coating containing the resin is important and, on the other hand, when weldability is important.

  As described above, an object of the present invention is to reduce iron loss as much as possible in a state where high strength is ensured by utilizing an unrecrystallized structure of a product plate. In order to reduce the iron loss in such a state, it is better that the recrystallized grains on the product plate are large. For this purpose, it is effective to improve grain growth, and precipitates that inhibit grain growth are minimized. It is necessary to reduce it. However, if the precipitates are manufactured as much as possible (C, Mn, S, Al, N are reduced), there arises a problem that the plate breaks due to hot rolling. In order to solve this problem, addition of Ca is extremely effective. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the variation in mechanical characteristics is reduced, it is possible to reduce the iron loss as much as possible within the condition that sufficient mechanical characteristics can be obtained.

  After the steel slab having the composition shown in Table 2 is subjected to slab heating, hot rolling and hot-rolled sheet annealing under the conditions shown in Table 3, after pickling and cold rolling to a sheet thickness of 0.35 mm Finish annealing was performed. However, since the steel type A cracked in the hot-rolled sheet, the steps after the hot-rolled sheet annealing were not performed. Steel types B and C were hot-rolled plates and no cracks occurred.

For steel types B and C, for the samples after hot-rolled sheet annealing and finish annealing, the cross section in the rolling direction of the steel sheet (cross section perpendicular to the sheet width direction) was polished, etched, and observed with an optical microscope, and recrystallized. The average particle size (nominal particle size) of the recrystallized grains was determined by the rate (area ratio) and the quadrature method. Furthermore, for the cross-sectional structure in the rolling direction after finish annealing, the length in the rolling direction of the non-recrystallized group was measured for 10 groups or more, and the average value was calculated.
Furthermore, the magnetic properties and mechanical properties of the product plates obtained were investigated. The magnetic properties were measured by cutting out Epstein test pieces in the rolling direction (L) and in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C) and measuring the L + C characteristics W _10/400 (magnetic loss: 1.0T, frequency: iron loss when excited at 400Hz). evaluated. The mechanical properties are 5 in the rolling direction (L) and 5 in the rolling perpendicular direction (C). A No. 5 tensile test piece was cut out and subjected to a tensile test to investigate the average value and variation of the tensile strength (TS).
Table 4 shows the obtained results.

  The variation was evaluated by the standard deviation σ, and shown in Table 4 as 2σ. Here, if 2σ is within 40 MPa, it can be said that the variation is small. Moreover, the result of having investigated about the relationship between the rolling direction length of the expanded unrecrystallized grain group of these samples and 2σ of tensile strength is shown in FIG.

As shown in Table 4 and FIG. 2, Nos. 3 to 8 using steel type B mainly change the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature, but the TS average value is 650 MPa or more, which is a comparison with ordinary electrical steel sheets. Very high strength. However, when the length of the non-recrystallized grain connected group of the finish annealed plate exceeds 2.5 mm, Nos. 3 and 6 outside the scope of the present invention have large variations in TS.
On the other hand, when the length of the non-recrystallized grain connected group of the finish annealed plate is 2.5 mm or less and Nos. 4, 5, 7, and 8 within the scope of the present invention, the TS variation is as small as 2σ within 40 MPa.
In No. 9-12 using steel type C, the finish annealing temperature is mainly changed, but in No. 9, the finish annealing temperature is as low as 660 ° C., and the recrystallization rate of the finish annealing plate is 28%. The recrystallized grain size of the finish annealed sheet is 13 μm, which is outside the scope of the present invention, and the iron loss is high. In No. 12, the finish annealing temperature is as high as 820 ° C., the recrystallization rate of the finish annealed plate is 98%, which is outside the scope of the present invention, and the average value of TS is low.
On the other hand, in Nos. 10 and 11, which are within the scope of the present invention, all of the iron loss, the average value of TS, and the variation in TS are good.

  As is clear from the relationship between the length of the non-recrystallized grain group and the standard deviation 2σ of the tensile strength obtained from the observation of the structure of the cross section in the rolling direction shown in FIG. 2, the length of the non-recrystallized grain group is particularly 1.5 mm. In the following cases, the variation is greatly reduced.

A steel slab having the composition shown in Table 5 was cold-rolled to a thickness of 0.35 mm under various conditions shown in Table 6, and then subjected to finish annealing to produce a magnetic steel sheet. At this time, since the steel type D cracked during the cold rolling, the subsequent processing was stopped.
About other electromagnetic steel sheets, the average value of magnetic characteristics (L + C characteristics) and tensile strength (TS) and the variation thereof were investigated. The evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. In addition, the measurement of the recrystallization rate after annealing and the average grain size of the recrystallized grains after the sample after hot-rolled sheet annealing and finish annealing, and the measurement of the length in the rolling direction of the unrecrystallized group after finish annealing, The same method as in Example 1 was used.
The results obtained are shown in Table 7.

  As is clear from Table 7, all of the inventive examples satisfying the component composition and steel structure of the present invention have extremely small variations in TS and exhibit stable characteristics.

  According to the present invention, it goes without saying that the magnetic properties are excellent, and it is possible to stably obtain a high-strength non-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent strength properties and small variations, such as a rotor material for a high-speed rotation motor. It can apply suitably for the use of.

Claims (3)

% By mass
C: 0.0050% or less,
Si: more than 3.5% and less than 5.0%
Mn: 0.10% or less,
Al: 0.0010% or less,
P: 0.030% or less,
N: 0.0040% or less,
S: 0.0005% or more and 0.0030% or less,
Ca: 0.0015% or more and
One or two total selected from Sn and Sb: Contains 0.01% or more and 0.1% or less, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurity composition, slab is heated and then hot rolled, When hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed, after pickling, and after making the final sheet thickness by one cold rolling, when producing a high-strength electrical steel sheet by a series of processes for finishing annealing,
In the above hot-rolled sheet annealing step, the area ratio of recrystallized grains in the steel sheet rolling direction cross section after hot-rolled sheet annealing is as follows: annealing temperature: 850 ° C to 1000 ° C, annealing time: 10 seconds to 10 minutes In addition to selecting the annealing conditions that are 100% and the recrystallized grain size is 80 μm or more and 300 μm or less,
In the above-mentioned finish annealing process, the annealing temperature: 670 ° C or higher and 800 ° C or lower, annealing time: 2 seconds or longer and within 1 minute, the area ratio of recrystallized grains in the cross section in the rolling direction of the steel sheet after finishing annealing is 30% or higher. %, And the annealing conditions are selected such that the length of the connected unrecrystallized grain groups in the rolling direction is 2.5 mm or less.   2. The method for producing a high-strength electrical steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein an average crystal grain size of recrystallized grains in a cross section in the rolling direction of the steel sheet after the finish annealing is 15 μm or more.   The method for producing a high-strength electrical steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rolling reduction in cold rolling is 80% or more.

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