JP2012135831A - Main spindle attachment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rotate an attachment body in a stable posture during attaching and removing a mounting surface of the attachment body to and from an end face of a main spindle head.SOLUTION: A main spindle attachment device includes: the attachment body 52 coupled to the main spindle head 22 to freely rotate about a main spindle axis and capable of being mounted to a rotary tool T; a joint mechanism 51 joining the attachment body to the main spindle head so that the rotation about the main spindle axis of the attachment body is restricted; an elastic device 107 for providing elastic force to the attachment body so that the attachment body is pushed to the main spindle head in the main spindle axial direction; a press device 42 for pressing the attachment body against the elastic force of the elastic device and in a direction in which the attachment body is separated from the main spindle head so that the joining by the joint mechanism is released; and a transmission device 53 for transmitting the rotation of a main spindle 21 all the time to the rotary tool mounted to the attachment body, and transmitting the rotation of the main spindle to the attachment body only when the joining by the joint mechanism is released.

Description

  The present invention relates to a spindle attachment device for attaching a rotary tool used in a machine tool to a spindle device.

  Conventionally, as this type of device, an attachment main body having an attachment surface that is detachably attached to the end face of the spindle head, and by moving the attachment main body in the direction of the spindle axis, the spindle axis of the attachment main body with respect to the spindle head is the center. Engaging means for engaging the spindle head and the attachment main body with each other so that the rotation to be controlled can be freely released, and the pull stud is supported on the attachment main body so as to be movable in the axial direction. With the pull stud axis aligned with the axis, the pull stud is inserted into the main shaft hole and connected to the draw bar, and the attachment body is lowered by its own weight, and in this state, the pull stud is pulled from the main shaft head. The main body of the attachment is suspended by the Shall have a transmitting means for transmitting the attachment body is known (for example, see Patent Document 1.).

  In this conventional apparatus, when the attachment body is released and the attachment body is rotated, the attachment body is suspended from the spindle head, and its rotational posture is extremely unstable. . Therefore, when the attachment main body is raised and the engaging means is engaged after the rotation, this engaging operation is not easy.

  Furthermore, after engaging the engaging means, it may be necessary to fit the spindle head and the attachment body due to the unstable posture of the attachment body during rotation. In this case, the attachment gap needs to be enlarged due to the unstable posture of the attachment body during rotation. However, if this is done, foreign matter may enter the spindle head from the gap.

JP 59-219129 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a spindle attachment device capable of rotating an attachment main body in a stable posture when attaching and detaching an attachment main body attachment surface to an end face of the spindle head.

  A spindle attachment device according to the present invention includes an attachment body that is rotatably connected to a spindle head around a spindle axis and can be equipped with a rotary tool, and an attachment body on the spindle head so as to restrain rotation of the attachment body around the spindle axis. A coupling mechanism that couples the attachment body, an elastic means that applies an elastic force to the attachment body so as to press the attachment body against the spindle head in the direction of the spindle axis, and an elasticity of the elastic means that releases the coupling mechanism. Combines the pressing means that presses the attachment body in the direction that separates the attachment body from the spindle head against the force, and the rotation of the spindle is always transmitted to the rotary tool installed on the attachment body, and the rotation of the spindle is combined. A transmission means for transmitting to the attachment body when the coupling of the mechanism is released. That.

  In the spindle attachment device according to the present invention, when the attachment body is rotated, a pressing pressure can be applied to the attachment body by the pressing means against the spring force of the elastic means. Therefore, when attaching / detaching the attachment main body to / from the spindle head, the attachment main body can be rotated in a stable posture.

  Furthermore, the holding cylinder is supported concentrically with the main shaft axis on the attachment body, the pull stud shaft extends on the axis of the holding cylinder, and the pull stud clamped to the collet of the draw bar is provided at the tip of the pull stud shaft A spring stud is provided at the base end of the pull stud shaft, and an annular spring presser is provided on the inner surface of the holding cylinder so as to surround the middle of the length of the pull stud shaft. If the compression spring is interposed between the spring receiver and the spring presser, the spring force of the compression spring can be effectively used as the elastic means.

  Also, a drive gear is provided on the outer surface of the holding cylinder, and a driven gear meshed with the drive gear is provided on an attachment shaft for rotating the rotary tool, and the outer surface is matched with the peripheral surface of the main shaft hole. Is connected to the pull stud shaft so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction and to the holding tube to restrain the rotation around the main shaft axis, but to be relatively free to move in the main shaft axis direction. Has an annular flange, and a drive key groove and a turning key are formed in the flange at intervals in the circumferential direction of the flange, and the transmission means is provided on the tip surface of the main shaft and in the drive key groove. If it is equipped with a drive key that is always fitted, and a turning key groove that is provided in the attachment body and that fits the turning key when the coupling mechanism is released, Stages, can be configured with a very simple structure.

  According to the present invention, the attachment body can be forcibly pressed by the pressing means, and the attachment body can be rotated in a stable posture when the attachment body is attached to and detached from the spindle head.

It is a vertical longitudinal cross-sectional view of the attachment apparatus at the time of coupling | bonding mechanism by this invention. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. It is a top view of the arbor of the attachment apparatus and its periphery. It is a top view of the groove plate of the attachment apparatus.

  Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a spindle device 11 of a large-sized vertical multi-tasking machine and an attachment device 12 equipped with a rotary tool T.

  FIG. 2 shows when the attachment device 12 is used, and FIG. 3 shows when the rotation angle of the attachment device 12 is calculated.

  The spindle device 11 includes a vertical spindle 21 and a spindle head 22 that supports the spindle 21.

  The main shaft 21 has a shaft hole 31. A downward taper hole 32 is formed at the lower end of the shaft hole 31. A draw bar 33 is accommodated in the shaft hole 31. A collet 34 is provided at the lower end of the draw bar 33. Two drive keys 35 are fixed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the circumference of the lower end surface of the main shaft 21 around the main shaft axis (see FIG. 4).

  The lower end surface of the spindle head 22 is positioned at an upper level than the lower end surface of the main shaft 21. A cross-sectional ring-shaped cylinder 41 is formed concentrically with the spindle axis above the lower end surface of the spindle head 22. A cylindrical piston 42 is fitted in the cylinder 41. The piston 42 is connected to the upper piston 42a housed in the cylinder 41 and the lower end of the upper piston 42a, penetrates the bottom wall of the cylinder 41, protrudes below the lower end surface of the spindle head 22, and surrounds the spindle 21. And a lower piston 42b. A guide cylinder 43 is provided in a hanging shape at the inner edge of the lower end surface of the lower piston 42b.

  The attachment device 12 includes an attachment body 52 that is coupled to the spindle head 22 via a coupling mechanism 51, and a transmission mechanism that is housed in the attachment body 52 and transmits the rotation of the spindle 21 to the rotary tool T and the attachment body 52, respectively. And 53.

  As shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, the coupling mechanism 51 includes a first coupling mechanism 61 provided on the spindle head 22 and a second coupling mechanism 62 provided on the attachment main body 52.

  The first coupling mechanism 61 includes a plurality of downward first meshing teeth 61A and first clamp claws 61B. The first meshing teeth 61A are arranged in a row at a constant pitch on the outer periphery of the piston 22 on the lower end surface of the spindle head 12 and on the circumference centered on the spindle head 12 axis. The first clamp claws 61B are integrated with the lower end portion of the outer surface of the piston 22 and are arranged at a constant pitch concentrically with the inner side of the row formed by the first meshing teeth 61A.

  The second coupling mechanism 62 includes a plurality of upward second meshing teeth 62A and second clamp claws 62B. The second meshing teeth 62A are arranged in the same arrangement as the arrangement of the first meshing teeth 61A along the periphery of the upper end surface of the attachment main body 52. The second clamp claws 62B protrude inward from the lower side of the second meshing teeth 62A and are arranged in the same arrangement as the arrangement of the first clamp claws 61B.

  The attachment main body 52 includes an upward open vertical cylindrical upper chamber 71 concentric with the main axis and a horizontal cylindrical lower chamber 72 open at both ends orthogonal to the main axis. At the upper end of the inner surface of the upper chamber 71, a shoulder 73 is provided in which the lower end surface of the piston 42 abuts. A guide groove 74 in which the guide cylinder 43 is rotatably fitted is formed in a portion below the shoulder 73 on the inner surface of the upper chamber 71. On the inner surface of the upper chamber 71 below the guide groove 74, a horizontal stopper plate 75 and a groove plate 76 that are stacked one above the other are fixed. Referring to FIG. 5, two turning key grooves 77 are formed in the groove plate 76 at equal intervals.

  The transmission mechanism 53 includes a vertical holding cylinder 81 supported rotatably in the upper chamber 71 concentrically with the main axis, and a pull stud 82 extending on the axis of the holding cylinder 81 and clamped to the collet 34. A pull stud shaft 83 provided at the upper end and a vertical cylinder having a tapered surface 84 pressed against the inner surface of the tapered hole 32 on the outer surface and slidably fitted on the pull stud shaft 83 in the axial direction. And an attachment shaft 86 concentrically accommodated in the lower chamber 72.

  In the middle of the inner surface height of the holding cylinder 81, an inward annular lower flange 91 that functions as a spring retainer and a spring receiver is provided. A spline 92 is provided on the outer surface of the holding cylinder 81. A drive gear 93 is provided at the lower end portion of the outer surface of the holding cylinder 81.

  The pull stud shaft 83 is provided with a large diameter portion 101, a medium diameter portion 102, and a small diameter portion 103 in order from the top. An upper limit stopper 104 that restricts the upper limit of the arbor 85 is provided at the boundary between the large diameter part 101 and the medium diameter part 102. A lower limit stopper 105 that restricts the lower limit of the pull stud shaft 83 is provided at the boundary between the medium diameter portion 102 and the small diameter portion 103. A spring receiver 106 is fixed to the lower end portion of the pull stud shaft 83. A compression disc spring 107 is interposed between the lower flange 91 and the spring receiver 106 so as to surround the small diameter portion 103.

  An inward annular upper flange 111 is provided in the middle of the inner surface height of the holding cylinder 81. A large-diameter hole is formed below the inner surface lower end of the arbor 85, and the bottom of the hole is a stepped portion 85a. A compression coil spring 112 is interposed between the stepped portion 85a and the upper flange 111 so as to surround the medium diameter portion 102. A spline groove 113 meshed with the spline 92 is formed on the inner surface of the large-diameter hole of the arbor 85. An outer flange 114 is provided on the outer surface of the arbor 85 below the tapered surface 84. As shown in FIG. 4, two drive key grooves 115 into which the drive keys 35 are respectively inserted are formed in the outer flange 114 at equal intervals. Further, the outer flange 114 is provided with two turning keys 116 so as to protrude in the radial direction of the outer flange at equal intervals.

  A driven gear 121 meshed with the drive gear 93 is fixed to the attachment shaft 86.

  In FIG. 1, the first meshing teeth 61A and the second meshing teeth 62A are meshed with each other. In this state, the phases of the first clamping claw 61B and the second clamping claw 62B are aligned with each other, and the first clamping claw 61B is engaged with the second clamping claw 62B from the lower side. Is pressed from below. At this time, pressure oil is supplied to the lower space of the piston 22 in the cylinder 21, and the piston 22 is positioned near the upper limit of the lifting stroke.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the turning key 116 is positioned at a lower level than the groove plate 76. The rotation of the main shaft 21 is sequentially transmitted to the drive key 35, the arbor 85, the holding cylinder 81, the drive gear 93, the driven gear 121, and the attachment shaft 86. The attachment shaft 86 rotates the rotary tool T.

  From the state shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 3, pressure oil is supplied to the upper space of the piston 22 to lower the piston 22. The lower end surface of the piston 22 that is lowered presses the upper surface of the shoulder 73 of the attachment main body 52. The attachment main body 52 is lowered by the distance X against the spring force of the disc spring 107. Between the lower end surface of the piston 22 and the upper surface of the shoulder portion 73 of the attachment main body 52, both surfaces are held in contact with each other by a force obtained by subtracting the weight of the attachment device 12 from the spring force of the disc spring 107.

  As the attachment body 52 is lowered, the meshing of the first meshing teeth 61A and the second meshing teeth 62A is released, and when the first clamping claw 61B is lowered, the meshing of the first clamping claws 61B and the second clamping claw 62B is released. The

  On the other hand, when the attachment body 52 is lowered, the stopper plate 75 and the groove plate 76 are lowered together with the attachment body 52. The turning key groove 77 is lowered together with the groove plate 76, and the turning key 116 and the turning key 116 groove 77 are engaged. At the same time, the lower surface of the stopper plate 75 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the turning key 116. At this time, the arbor 85 tends to be pushed up by the coil spring 112, but the stopper plate 75 restricts the arbor 85 from rising. As a result, a clearance δ is generated between the circumferential surface of the tapered hole 32 and the arbor tapered surface 84.

  The rotation of the arbor 85 can be transmitted to the attachment main body 52 by the meshing of the turning key 116 and the turning key groove 77. When the main shaft 21 is rotated and the arbor 85 is rotated, the attachment main body 52 is rotated together with the arbor 85. The attachment body 52 is rotated to a desired index angle.

When removing the attachment device 12 from the spindle device 11, the attachment main body 52 is rotated to shift the phase of the first clamping claw 61B and the second clamping claw 62B relative to each other and between the two adjacent first clamping claws 61B. In addition, when one second clamp claw 62B is positioned, the latter can pass between the former.

  The spindle attachment device according to the present invention is suitable for achieving attachment of a rotary tool used in a machine tool to the spindle device.

21 Spindle
22 Spindle head
51 coupling mechanism
52 Attachment body
53 Means of transmission
107 Elastic means
T Rotary tool

Claims (3)

An attachment body that is rotatably connected to the spindle head around the spindle axis and can be equipped with a rotating tool;
A coupling mechanism that couples the attachment body to the spindle head so as to restrain rotation around the spindle axis of the attachment body;
An elastic means for applying an elastic force to the attachment main body so as to press the attachment main body in the direction of the main shaft axis on the spindle head;
Press means for pressing the attachment body in a direction to separate the attachment body from the spindle head against the elastic force of the elastic means so as to release the coupling of the coupling mechanism;
A transmission means for constantly transmitting the rotation of the main shaft to a rotary tool installed in the attachment main body, and transmitting the rotation of the main shaft to the attachment main body when the coupling mechanism is released;
A spindle attachment device comprising:   A holding cylinder is supported concentrically with the main shaft axis on the attachment body, a pull stud shaft extends on the axis of the holding cylinder, and a pull stud clamped to the collet of the draw bar is provided at the tip of the pull stud shaft. A spring stud is provided at the base end of the pull stud shaft, and an annular spring presser is provided on the inner surface of the holding cylinder so as to surround the middle of the length of the pull stud shaft. The spindle attachment device according to claim 1, further comprising a compression spring interposed between the spring pressers.   A drive gear is provided on the outer surface of the holding cylinder, and a driven gear meshed with the drive gear is provided on an attachment shaft for rotating the rotary tool, and has an outer surface matched with the peripheral surface of the spindle hole. The cylindrical arbor is connected to the pull stud shaft so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and the holding cylinder is constrained to rotate around the main shaft axis, but is connected so as to be free of relative movement in the main shaft axis direction. An annular flange is provided, and a drive key groove and a turning key are formed in the flange at intervals in the circumferential direction of the flange, and the transmission means is provided on the front end surface of the main shaft and is always fitted in the drive key groove. 2. A drive key that is inserted, and a pivot key groove that is provided in the attachment main body and that fits the pivot key when the coupling mechanism is released. Spindle attachment device according to.

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