JP2012125065A - Monitoring device and monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a monitoring device that prevents generation of a false alarm in generating an alarm indicating a reduction in power available within customer premises, such as power from a distributed power supply, and to provide a monitoring method.SOLUTION: A monitoring device is provided in customer premises where power available within the customer premises is supplied to a load device so as to perform an autonomous operation, and the monitoring device monitors the power available within the customer premises. The monitoring device includes: a measuring section that measures a value of power available within the customer premises in a predetermined measurement period; a determining section that determines whether there is continuous downward trend in the value of power, in a case where the value of power is equal to or smaller than a threshold value that is set higher by a predetermined value than power consumption of the load device; and a deciding section that decides upon generation of an alarm in a case where it has been determined that there is continuous downward trend in the value of power.

Description

  The present invention relates to a monitoring device and a monitoring method for monitoring power that can be supplied within a consumer, provided to a consumer that performs independent operation by supplying power that can be supplied within the consumer to a load device.

  In recent years, interest in smart grid technology and the like has increased, and consumers such as ordinary households equipped with distributed power sources such as solar cells and storage batteries have increased.

  Moreover, it is also possible to supply electric power from a distributed power source that can be supplied within the consumer (hereinafter referred to as self-sustained operation) to a load device provided at the consumer during a power failure. In addition, in order to stably supply power supplied from the distributed power supply, a monitoring device that monitors such power has also been proposed.

  By the way, during such independent operation, the power supplied from the distributed power supply may be lower than the power consumption of the load device. In such a case, generally, the power supplied to the load device is forcibly cut off, but forcibly cutting off the power is not preferable because it leads to failure of the load device.

  Here, a technique has been proposed in which a predetermined threshold is provided for the power supplied from the distributed power source, and a warning is given when the power falls below the threshold (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  By applying such technology, a power value that is higher than the power consumption by a predetermined amount of power is set as a threshold value, and a warning is issued when the power value supplied from the distributed power source falls below the threshold value. For example, it is possible to notify the user before the power falls below the power consumption. With such a configuration, since the user can shut off the power supply of the load device in an appropriate procedure, it is possible to avoid forcibly shutting off the power supplied to the load device.

JP 2006-277131 A

  However, for example, since the power value of a distributed power source such as a solar cell fluctuates due to the influence of the weather, a situation in which the power value that is equal to or lower than the threshold immediately exceeds the threshold may frequently occur. In such a case, the conventional technique has a problem that it is likely to be falsely reported because an alarm is issued only when the power value is equal to or less than a threshold value.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can suppress the occurrence of false alarms when warning of a decrease in power that can be supplied within a consumer such as a distributed power source. An object is to provide a monitoring apparatus and a monitoring method.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention has the following features. First, a feature of the monitoring device according to the present invention is that a self-sustained operation is performed in which electric power that can be supplied in a consumer is supplied to load devices (lighting 251, air conditioner 252, refrigerator 253, television 254, heat storage device 255, etc.) A monitoring device (monitoring device 300) that is provided in a consumer (customer 100) and monitors the power that can be supplied in the consumer, and the power value of the power that can be supplied in the consumer is determined by a predetermined measurement period ( For example, when the measurement unit that measures in the first measurement cycle “T / 2”) and the power value is equal to or less than a threshold value set higher than the power consumption amount of the load device by a predetermined power amount, the power value A determination unit (determination unit 342) that determines whether or not the power value is in a continuous downward trend, and a determination unit (determination) that determines the occurrence of an alarm when it is determined that the power value is in a continuous downward trend Part 343) The gist of the door.

  Another feature of the monitoring device according to the present invention is that in the monitoring device according to the above feature, the predetermined measurement period is a period in which the power that can be supplied in the consumer reaches the fastest to decrease the predetermined power amount. The gist is that it is a period obtained by dividing (the fastest descending period T).

  Another feature of the monitoring device according to the present invention is that, in the monitoring device according to the above feature, as the predetermined measurement cycle, a first measurement cycle (first measurement cycle “T / 2”) and the first measurement cycle. And a second measurement cycle (second measurement cycle “T / 4”) having a short period, and when the determination unit determines that the power value is equal to or less than the threshold, the measurement unit The gist is to measure the power value of power that can be supplied in the consumer by two measurement cycles.

  The monitoring method according to the present invention is a monitoring method of a monitoring device that is provided in a consumer that performs self-sustained operation by supplying power that can be supplied within the consumer to a load device, and that monitors the power that can be supplied within the consumer. A step of measuring a power value of power that can be supplied in the consumer at a predetermined measurement period (step S101), and a threshold value in which the power value is set higher by a predetermined power amount than the power consumption of the load device In the case of the following, a step of determining whether or not the power value has a continuous downward trend (step S103), and if it is determined that the power value has a continuous downward trend, an alarm is generated. And a step of determining (step S107).

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, when alarming the fall of the electric power which can be supplied within consumers, such as a distributed power supply, the monitoring apparatus and monitoring method which can suppress generation | occurrence | production of a misreport can be provided.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the control system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a graph for demonstrating the fastest fall rate which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a sequence diagram which shows operation | movement of the monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the fluctuation | variation of the electric power value which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the fluctuation | variation of the electric power value which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the fluctuation | variation of the electric power value which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Specifically, (1) the configuration of the control system, (2) the configuration of the monitoring device, (3) the operation of the monitoring device, (4) actions and effects, and (5) other embodiments will be described. In the description of the drawings in the following embodiments, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals.

(1) Configuration of Control System 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a control system 1 according to the present embodiment. Such a control system 1 is provided in a consumer 100 such as a general household, and can perform power control of a load device in the consumer 100.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the control system 1 includes a smart meter 200, a hybrid PCS 210, a solar battery 211, a storage battery 212, an illumination 251 as a load device, an air conditioner 252, a refrigerator 253, a television 254, a heat storage device 255, and a monitoring device. 300. The control system 1 may have a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle or the like. The solar cell 211 can receive sunlight and generate DC power according to the received sunlight. The heat storage device 255 is, for example, a heat pump or a water heater.

  The smart meter 200 performs power control within the customer 100. The smart meter 200 is connected to the power system 10 and to the domestic distribution line 400. The smart meter 200 communicates with the hybrid PCS 210, the lighting 251, the air conditioner 252, the refrigeration apparatus 253, the television 254, the heat storage device 255, and the monitoring apparatus 300 via the home communication line 500. The communication may be wireless communication or wired communication.

  In addition, the smart meter 200 is connected to an energy management system (hereinafter referred to as EMS) 50 that controls electric power of a customer group including the customer 100 via the wide area communication network 20, and the electric power of the electric power system 10. Control information including a fee and the like is received from the EMS 50, and the operation of the load device in the control system 1 can be controlled based on the control information. In addition, the smart meter 200 can acquire the power consumption that is the total power consumed by the load devices of the control system 1, and can notify the EMS 50 of the power consumption via the wide area communication network 20. The smart meter 200 can also notify the monitoring device 300 of the power consumption amount via the home communication line 500.

  The hybrid PCS 210 is connected to the domestic distribution line 400 and is connected to a solar cell 211 and a storage battery 212 as a distributed power source. The hybrid PCS 210 can connect to the home communication line 500 and communicate with the smart meter 200. The hybrid PCS 210 operates the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 according to the control of the smart meter 200. Further, the hybrid PCS 210 can store the power generated by the solar battery 211 in the storage battery 212. The hybrid PCS 210 can convert AC power supplied from the home distribution line 400 into DC power, and store the DC power in the storage battery 212.

  Further, the hybrid PCS 210 can convert DC power generated by the discharge of the storage battery 212 or DC power generated by the solar battery 211 into AC power and send it to the home distribution line 400. The AC power sent to the home distribution line 400 is used in the lighting 251, the air conditioner 252, the refrigeration device 253, the television 254, and the heat storage device 255 as appropriate, or becomes reverse power flow to the power system 10. .

  The lighting device 251, the air conditioner 252, the refrigeration device 253, the television 254, and the heat storage device 255 as load devices are connected to the home distribution line 400 and to the home communication line 500. These load devices operate according to the control of the smart meter 200.

  The monitoring device 300 is connected to a device such as the smart meter 200 via the home communication line 500. In addition, the monitoring device 300 is connected to the hybrid PCS 210. The monitoring device 300 measures the power value of the power supplied from the solar cell 211 or the storage battery 212 to the home distribution line 400 via the hybrid PCS 210 and monitors the fluctuation of the power value.

  Here, in the control system 1, the electric power which can be supplied in the consumer 100 can be supplied to a load apparatus at the time of a power failure, and a self-sustained operation can be performed. Specifically, in the control system 1, the smart meter 200 interrupts the power system 10 and the home distribution line 400 during a power failure. At this time, the hybrid PCS 210 sends the power supplied from the solar cell 211 and the storage battery 212 to the home distribution line 400, and the load devices such as the lighting 251, the air conditioner 252, the refrigerator 253, the television 254, and the heat storage device 255 are It operates with the electric power sent from the hybrid PCS 210.

  Thus, in the control system 1 according to the present embodiment, the autonomous operation is executed. In addition, in this embodiment, the solar cell 211 and the storage battery 212 are demonstrated as a distributed power supply. Moreover, the electric power which can be supplied in the consumer 100 is the electric power supplied from this distributed power supply.

Further, during the independent operation, the monitoring apparatus 300 acquires the power consumption amount of the load device from the smart meter 200. Moreover, the monitoring apparatus 300 can generate an alarm when the power value of the power supplied from the solar battery 211 or the storage battery 212 decreases and the power value approaches the power consumption of the load device. The detailed configuration of the monitoring device 300 will be described later.
(2) Configuration of Monitoring Device The configuration of the monitoring device 300 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the monitoring apparatus 300. The monitoring device 300 according to the present embodiment monitors the power that can be supplied in the customer 100 when performing the independent operation.

  Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the monitoring apparatus 300 includes a communication unit 310 connected to the home communication line 500, a storage unit 320, an acquisition unit 330 connected to the hybrid PCS 210, a processing unit 340, an alarm, Part 350.

  The communication unit 310 communicates with the smart meter 200 via the home communication line 500. In addition, the communication unit 310 acquires a power consumption amount that is a total amount of power consumed by the load device from the smart meter 200. Note that the power consumption of the load device may fluctuate frequently, so the communication unit 310 periodically acquires the power consumption of the load device from the smart meter 200. The power consumption of the load device may be the amount of power when the load device is fully used, or may be set as a percentage of the amount of power when the load device is fully used. It may be the amount of electric power when the minimum necessary use of is assumed.

  The storage unit 320 stores a program executed by the processing unit 340 and is used as a work area during execution of the program by the processing unit 340.

  The acquisition unit 330 acquires, from the hybrid PCS 210, the power value of the power supplied from the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 as the distributed power source to the home distribution line 400.

  The processing unit 340 performs processing according to the program stored in the storage unit 320. The processing unit 340 includes a measurement unit 341, a determination unit 342, and a determination unit 343.

  The measurement part 341 measures the electric power value of the electric power which can be supplied in the consumer 100 with a predetermined measurement period. The measurement unit 341 changes the predetermined measurement cycle when the measured power value is equal to or less than a threshold set higher than the power consumption by a predetermined power amount.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the relationship between the predetermined measurement cycle and the predetermined power amount is determined based on the fastest rate of decrease in power that can be supplied within the customer 100. The fastest descent rate indicates the amount of descent per unit time when the distributed power sources such as the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 have fallen the most in the past in the actual power supplied. In the present embodiment, the fastest descent rate that has fallen the most in the past results is adopted, but it may be a value measured and set in advance before the installation, or the past results may be measured in time. A plurality may be stored together with the belt and weather conditions, and the one that has fallen the most in the actual results that meet the current conditions may be adopted.

  With reference to the graph of FIG. 3, the fastest descent rate, the predetermined power amount, and the predetermined measurement cycle will be described. FIG. 3 shows an example when the power supplied from the distributed power source has fallen at the fastest speed from the power value A to the power value B in the past. In FIG. 3, the power value B is the power consumption according to the present embodiment. The power value A is a threshold value according to the present embodiment, and is a power value that is higher by a predetermined power amount Δw than the power value B that is the power consumption amount.

  The predetermined power amount Δw is a value that can be arbitrarily determined by the user. The predetermined power amount Δw may be appropriately determined in consideration of the power consumption amount during the self-sustained operation and the degree of power reduction of the distributed power source, and is set by adding an arbitrary power amount to the predetermined power amount Δw. Alternatively, it may be set based on a predetermined ratio such as 120% of the power consumption.

Further, the fastest falling period T is a period in which, in the past, the power supplied from the distributed power source has reached the fastest to drop the predetermined power amount Δw. That is, the fastest descending period T is a period in which the fastest descending time from the power value A to the power value B is reached. Further, by dividing the fastest falling period T from a predetermined power amount [Delta] w, the fastest descent rate K _x is calculated. The relationship between the fastest descent rate, the predetermined power amount, and the fastest descent period is expressed by the following equation (1).

Fastest descent rate K _x = predetermined electric energy Δw / fastest descent period T (1)
Further, the predetermined measurement cycle according to the present embodiment is a period obtained by dividing the fastest falling period T. Specifically, in the present embodiment, as the predetermined measurement cycle, a period “T / 2” in which the fastest falling period T is divided in half and a period “T / 4” in which the fastest falling period T is divided into a quarter. Is provided. Further, in the present embodiment, the period “T / 2” obtained by dividing the fastest falling period T in half is set as the first measurement period, and the period “T / 4” obtained by dividing the fastest falling period T in one fourth is the second. This will be described as a measurement cycle. The measurement cycle is not limited to this, and may be any period as long as it is a period obtained by dividing the fastest falling period T.

  The measurement unit 341 measures the power value of the power supplied from the distributed power supply at the first measurement cycle “T / 2” or the second measurement cycle “T / 4”. Further, when the measured power value is equal to or less than the threshold value, the measurement unit 341 measures the power value with the second measurement period “T / 4” shorter than the first measurement period “T / 2”. On the other hand, when the measured power value is not less than or equal to the threshold value, the measurement unit 341 measures the power value at the first measurement cycle “T / 2”. The measurement unit 341 notifies the determination unit 342 of the measured power value.

  The determination unit 342 acquires the power consumption amount of the load device from the communication unit 310 and specifies a threshold set higher by a predetermined power amount than the acquired power consumption amount. The determination unit 342 acquires a power value from the measurement unit 341 and determines whether the power value is equal to or less than a threshold value.

  Further, when the power value measured by the measurement unit 341 is equal to or less than the threshold value, the determination unit 342 determines whether or not the measured power value has a continuous downward trend. Specifically, the determination unit 342 stores power values measured in the past, and determines whether or not the current power value is lower than the previous power value. If the determination unit 342 determines that the current power value is lower than the previous power value, the determination unit 342 notifies the determination unit 343, which will be described later, of the determination result. The determination unit 342 compares the current power value with a plurality of power values measured in the past, such as comparing the previous power value, the previous power value, and the current power value. It may be determined whether or not there is a tendency.

  On the other hand, if the determination unit 342 determines that the current power value is equal to or less than the threshold value but is not lower than the previous power value, that is, if it is determined that the current power value does not have a continuous downward trend, the current power value Is notified to the measurement unit 341 only that the value is less than or equal to the threshold value. In addition, the measurement part 341 which received this notification measures the electric power value of the electric power which can be supplied in the consumer 100 by 2nd measurement period "T / 4".

  When the determination unit 342 determines that the power value has a continuous downward trend, the determination unit 343 determines the generation of an alarm. Specifically, when the determination unit 342 is notified by the determination unit 342 that the power value is in a continuous downward trend, the determination unit 343 determines the generation of an alarm and instructs the alarm unit 350 to issue an alarm.

  The alarm unit 350 is connected to the processing unit 340 and operates according to instructions from the processing unit 340. Specifically, the alarm unit 350 generates an alarm in response to an instruction from the determination unit 343. The alarm unit 350 may generate an alarm by sound, may be generated by displaying it on a screen, or may be generated by a lamp or the like.

Note that the hybrid PCS 210 may perform control so as to suppress power consumption to the load device in conjunction with the generation of an alarm from the monitoring device 300. Specifically, for example, the hybrid PCS 210 may control the load device so as to switch to the power saving mode, and if a priority order is set for each load device in advance, a power source having a low priority order is saved. Control may be performed so as to switch to the mode, or control may be performed so that the power supply is shut off. Furthermore, assuming that there is no person in the customer 100, the hybrid PCS 210 may perform control for suppressing the power consumption described above without generating an alarm.
(3) Operation of Monitoring Device Next, the operation of the monitoring device 300 will be described. FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram illustrating the operation of the monitoring apparatus 300. Here, FIG. 4 shows an operation performed by the monitoring device 300 when a power failure occurs in the power system 10 and the control system 1 executes the autonomous operation.

  In step S101, in the monitoring apparatus 300, the measurement unit 341 measures the power value of the power supplied from the distributed power supply in the first measurement cycle “T / 2”.

  In step S102, the determination unit 342 determines whether or not the measured power value is equal to or less than a threshold value. In addition, when the determination part 342 determines with it not being below a threshold value, the operation | movement of step S101 is repeated.

  In step S <b> 103, when the determination unit 342 determines that the power value is equal to or less than the threshold value, the determination unit 342 determines whether or not the current power value tends to decrease. Here, the operation of the determination unit 342 in step S103 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows changes in the power value measured by the measurement unit 341.

As shown in FIG. 5, the determination unit 342 compares the currently measured power value P _n , the power value P _n−1 measured last time, and the power amount P _n−2 measured last time, It is determined whether or not each power value has a magnitude relationship of power amount P _n−2 > power value P _n−1 > power value P _n . If it is determined that there is such a magnitude relationship, the determination unit 342 determines that there is a continuous downward trend, and notifies the determination unit 343 to that effect. Note that the determination unit 342 is not limited to the current power value P _n , the previous power value P _n−1, and the previous power amount P _n−2 , but a plurality of powers measured in the past. Based on the value, it may be determined whether or not there is a continuous downward trend, and based on the two power values of the current power value P _n and the previous power value P _n−1 , It may be determined whether or not there is a general downward trend.

  In step S104, when the determination unit 342 determines that the current power value does not tend to decrease, the measurement unit 341 starts measurement with the second measurement period “T / 4”.

  In step S105, the determination unit 342 determines whether or not the current power value measured in step S104 is equal to or less than a threshold value. When the power value is not equal to or less than the threshold value, the determination unit 342 notifies the measurement unit 341 to that effect, and the measurement unit 341 performs the operation of step S101.

In step S <b> 106, when the determination unit 342 determines that the current power value is equal to or less than the threshold value, the determination unit 342 determines whether or not the power value tends to decrease. Specifically, the determination unit 342 compares the currently measured power value P _n with the previously measured power value P _n−1 and has a magnitude relationship of power value P _n−1 > power value P _n. It is determined whether or not.

Here, with reference to FIG. 6 thru | or 7, the operation | movement of the determination part 342 in step S106 is demonstrated. FIG. 6 shows an example where the power value measured by the measurement unit 341 has a downward trend. In the example of FIG. 6, the determination unit 342 compares the currently measured power value P _n with the previously measured power value P _n−1, and the magnitude relationship of power value P _n−1 > power value P _n. The determination unit 343 is notified of the determination result.

On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows an example where the power value measured by the measurement unit 341 does not tend to decrease. In the example of FIG. 7, the determination unit 342 compares the currently measured power value P _n with the previously measured power value P _n−1, and the magnitude relationship of power value P _n−1 > power value P _n. It is determined that there is no data and the operation in step S104 is performed. The determination unit 342, a power value P _n, not only the two power values P _n-1 which is previously measured, based on a further plurality of power values measured in the past, continuous downward trend It may be determined whether or not there is.

In step S107, when the determination unit 343 receives notification from the determination unit 342 that the power value tends to decrease in step S103 and step S106, the determination unit 343 determines the generation of an alarm and instructs the alarm unit 350 to generate the alarm. To do. Upon receiving this instruction, the alarm unit 350 informs the user and the like that the power supplied from the distributed power supply has decreased and is approaching the power consumption.
(4) Operation and Effect According to the above-described embodiment, the monitoring device 300 measures the power value of the power that can be supplied in the customer 100, and if the measured current power value is equal to or less than the threshold, the current It is determined whether or not the power value is in a continuous downward trend. Further, the monitoring apparatus 300 determines the generation of an alarm only when it is determined that the current power value is in a continuous downward trend.

  Therefore, according to the monitoring device 300, when the power value of the power supplied from the distributed power source is not more than a threshold value, the alarm is not determined to be generated, but the power value tends to decrease and the consumption of the load device Since the generation of an alarm is determined only when there is a high possibility that the amount of electric power will be less than or equal to the amount of electric power, when alarming a decrease in the electric power that can be supplied within the consumer, that is, the electric power supplied from a distributed power source such as the solar battery 211 or the storage battery 212 In addition, the occurrence of false alarms can be suppressed.

  Further, in the monitoring apparatus 300, the measurement unit 341 includes a first measurement period “T / 2” or a second measurement period obtained by dividing the fastest drop period T when the power supplied from the distributed power supply falls the predetermined power amount Δw at the fastest speed. The power value is measured using the measurement cycle “T / 4” as the measurement cycle. Therefore, in the monitoring apparatus 300, even when the power supplied from the distributed power supply drops at the fastest speed, the measurement unit 341 can measure at least once, so that an alarm can be generated more reliably.

In the above-described embodiment, the monitoring apparatus 300 measures the power value at the second measurement period “T / 4” shorter than the first measurement period “T / 2” when the power value is equal to or less than the threshold value. Therefore, even if the power supplied from the distributed power source fluctuates, the fluctuation can be grasped more accurately.
(5) Other Embodiments As described above, the present invention has been described according to the embodiment. However, it should not be understood that the description and drawings constituting a part of this disclosure limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples and operational techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

  In the above-described embodiment, the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 are described as examples of the distributed power supply, but other power supply apparatuses such as wind power generation may be used. In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated the case where the solar cell 211 and the storage battery 212 were used as a distributed power supply, it should just be at least any one.

  In the above-described embodiment, all or part of the functions of the monitoring device 300 may be provided in other devices such as the hybrid PCS 210 and the smart meter 200.

  In addition, the function of the monitoring apparatus 300 according to the above-described embodiment can be applied to various systems in smart grid technology such as HEMS (Home Energy Management System) and BEMS (Building and Energy Management System).

  Thus, it should be understood that the present invention includes various embodiments and the like not described herein. Therefore, the present invention is limited only by the invention specifying matters in the scope of claims reasonable from this disclosure.

Δw ... predetermined electric energy, T ... fastest falling period, Kx ... fastest falling rate, 1 ... control system, 10 ... electric power system, 20 ... wide area network, 50 ... EMS, 100 ... customer, 200 ... smart meter, 210 ... Hybrid PCS, 211 ... solar cell, 212 ... storage battery, 251 ... lighting, 252 ... air conditioner, 253 ... refrigerator, 254 ... TV, 255 ... heat storage device, 300 ... monitoring device, 310 ... communication unit, 320 ... storage unit, 330 ... Acquisition unit, 340 ... Processing unit, 341 ... Measurement unit, 342 ... Determination unit, 343 ... Determination unit, 350 ... Alarm unit, 400 ... Home distribution line, 500 ... Home communication line

Claims (4)

A monitoring device for monitoring power that can be supplied within a consumer, provided in a consumer that performs a self-sustaining operation that supplies power that can be supplied within the consumer to a load device,
A measurement unit that measures a power value of power that can be supplied in the consumer at a predetermined measurement cycle;
When the power value is equal to or less than a threshold value set higher by a predetermined power amount than the power consumption amount of the load device, a determination unit that determines whether or not the power value is in a continuous downward trend;
A monitoring device comprising: a determination unit that determines occurrence of an alarm when it is determined that the power value has a continuous downward trend. The monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined measurement cycle is a period obtained by dividing a period during which electric power that can be supplied in the consumer reaches the fastest to lower the predetermined electric energy. As the predetermined measurement period, a first measurement period and a second measurement period that is shorter than the first measurement period are provided,
The said measurement part measures the electric power value of the electric power which can be supplied in the said consumer according to a said 2nd measurement period, when the said electric power value is determined to be below the said threshold value by the said determination part. The monitoring apparatus according to 1 or 2. A monitoring method of a monitoring device that is provided in a consumer that performs a self-sustaining operation for supplying power that can be supplied in the consumer to a load device, and that monitors the power that can be supplied in the consumer,
Measuring a power value of power that can be supplied in the consumer at a predetermined measurement period;
When the power value is equal to or lower than a threshold set higher than the power consumption of the load device by a predetermined power amount, determining whether the power value is in a continuous downward trend; and
And determining the occurrence of an alarm when it is determined that the power value is in a continuous downward trend.

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