JP5634242B2 - Monitoring device and monitoring method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a monitoring device and a monitoring method for monitoring electric power that can be supplied in a consumer in a consumer that performs independent operation by supplying electric power that can be supplied in the consumer to a load device.

  In recent years, interest in smart grid technology and the like has increased, and consumers such as ordinary households equipped with distributed power sources such as solar cells and storage batteries have increased.

  Moreover, it is also possible to supply electric power from a distributed power source that can be supplied within the consumer (hereinafter referred to as self-sustained operation) to a load device provided at the consumer during a power failure. In addition, in order to stably supply power supplied from a distributed power source, a monitoring device that monitors such power has also been proposed.

  By the way, during such independent operation, the power supplied from the distributed power supply may be lower than the power consumption of the load device. In such a case, generally, the power supplied to the load device is forcibly cut off, but forcibly cutting off the power is not preferable because it leads to failure of the load device.

  Here, a technique has been proposed in which a predetermined threshold is provided for the power supplied from the distributed power source, and a warning is given when the power falls below the threshold (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  By applying such technology, a power value that is higher than the power consumption by a predetermined amount of power is set as a threshold value, and a warning is issued when the power value supplied from the distributed power source falls below the threshold value. For example, the user can be notified before the electric power falls below the power consumption. With such a configuration, since the user can shut off the power supply of the load device in an appropriate procedure, it is possible to avoid forcibly shutting off the power supplied to the load device.

JP 2006-277131 A

  Here, for example, the power of a distributed power source such as a solar battery frequently fluctuates due to the influence of the weather, and the amount of fluctuation thereof is large, so that the power may drop rapidly.

  In such a case, even if the power value that is higher than the power consumption of the load device by the predetermined power amount is set as the threshold value, the power of the distributed power supply suddenly decreases, and the power value equal to or higher than the threshold value is less than the power consumption amount. The power value may be In other words, the conventional technique has a problem that the power value of the distributed power supply may be reduced below the power consumption amount without issuing an alarm.

  As one method for avoiding such a problem, a method of setting the threshold value with a margin by increasing the difference between the power consumption amount and the threshold value is conceivable. Therefore, there is another problem that alarms are frequently generated and many of them may be falsely reported.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and even when the power that can be supplied in a consumer such as a distributed power source fluctuates greatly, when the power is reduced, the alarm is more reliably performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a monitoring device and a monitoring method that can generate the problem.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention has the following features. First, a feature of the monitoring device according to the present invention is that a self-sustained operation is performed in which electric power that can be supplied in a consumer is supplied to load devices (lighting 251, air conditioner 252, refrigerator 253, television 254, heat storage device 255, etc.). A monitoring device (monitoring device 300) that is provided in a consumer (customer 100) and monitors the power, and the predetermined power amount that is determined in advance and the power that can be supplied in the consumer are the predetermined power amount. The fastest descent rate calculating unit (fastest descent rate calculating unit 341) that calculates the fastest descent rate based on the period of descent that reaches the fastest (the fastest descent period T), and the electric power that can be supplied in the consumer A measurement unit (measurement unit 342) that measures a value at a predetermined measurement cycle (for example, a first measurement cycle “T / 2”), a difference between the power value and the power value measured last time, and the predetermined measurement cycle Based on A descending rate calculating unit (decreasing rate calculating unit 343) that calculates a rate, a determining unit (determining unit 344) that determines whether the descending rate is equal to or greater than the fastest descending rate, and the descending rate is the fastest descending The gist is to include a determination unit (determination unit 345) that determines the occurrence of an alarm when it is determined that the rate is equal to or greater than the rate.

  Another feature of the monitoring device according to the present invention is the monitoring device according to the above feature, wherein the predetermined measurement period reaches the fastest when the electric power that can be supplied in the consumer decreases the predetermined electric power amount. The gist is that the period is divided.

  Another feature of the monitoring device according to the present invention is that, in the monitoring device according to the above feature, as the predetermined measurement cycle, a first measurement cycle (first measurement cycle “T / 2”) and the first measurement cycle. A second measurement cycle (second measurement cycle “T / 4”) having a short period is provided, and the measurement unit has the power value higher than the power consumption amount of the load device by the predetermined power amount. When it is below the set threshold value, the gist is to measure the power value of the power that can be supplied in the consumer by the second measurement period.

  Another feature of the monitoring device according to the present invention is that in the monitoring device according to the above feature, the determination unit is equal to or less than a threshold value in which the power value is set higher than the power consumption amount of the load device by the predetermined power amount. In this case, the gist is to determine whether the descent rate is equal to or higher than the fastest descent rate.

  The monitoring method according to the present invention is a monitoring method for monitoring the power in a consumer that performs a self-sustained operation for supplying power that can be supplied within the consumer to a load device, the predetermined power amount being determined in advance, A step (step S101) of calculating a fastest rate of decline based on a period during which power that can be supplied in the consumer reaches the fastest time to decrease the predetermined amount of power; and a power value of the power that can be supplied in the consumer Is calculated at a predetermined measurement cycle (step S102 or step S106), a step of calculating a decrease rate based on the difference between the power value and the previously measured power value and the predetermined measurement cycle (step S103) ), A step of determining whether the descent rate is equal to or higher than the fastest descent rate (step S105), and a determination that the descent rate is equal to or higher than the fastest descent rate If it is summarized as further comprising a step (step S107) of determining the occurrence of an alarm.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even when the electric power which can be supplied within a consumer, such as the electric power supplied from a distributed power supply, fluctuates greatly, it is possible to provide a monitoring device and a monitoring method that can issue an alarm more reliably.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the control system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a graph for demonstrating the fastest fall rate which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a sequence diagram which shows operation | movement of the monitoring apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the fluctuation | variation of the electric power value which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the fluctuation | variation of the electric power value which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the fluctuation | variation of the electric power value which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Specifically, (1) the configuration of the control system, (2) the configuration of the monitoring device, (3) the operation of the monitoring device, (4) the action and effect, (5) the modification according to the present embodiment, (6) Other embodiments will be described. In the description of the drawings in the following embodiments, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals.

(1) Configuration of Control System 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a control system 1 according to the present embodiment. Such a control system 1 is provided in a consumer 100 such as a general household, and can perform power control of a load device in the consumer 100.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the control system 1 includes a smart meter 200, a hybrid PCS 210, a solar battery 211, a storage battery 212, an illumination 251 as a load device, an air conditioner 252, a refrigerator 253, a television 254, a heat storage device 255, and a monitoring device. 300. The control system 1 may have a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle or the like. The solar cell 211 can receive sunlight and generate DC power according to the received sunlight. The heat storage device 255 is, for example, a heat pump or a water heater.

  The smart meter 200 performs power control within the customer 100. The smart meter 200 is connected to the power system 10 and to the domestic distribution line 400. The smart meter 200 communicates with the hybrid PCS 210, the lighting 251, the air conditioner 252, the refrigeration apparatus 253, the television 254, the heat storage device 255, and the monitoring apparatus 300 via the home communication line 500. The communication may be wireless communication or wired communication.

  In addition, the smart meter 200 is connected to an energy management system (hereinafter referred to as EMS) 50 that controls electric power of a customer group including the customer 100 via the wide area communication network 20, and the electric power of the electric power system 10. Control information including a fee and the like is received from the EMS 50, and the operation of the load device in the control system 1 can be controlled based on the control information. In addition, the smart meter 200 can acquire the power consumption that is the total power consumed by the load devices of the control system 1, and can notify the EMS 50 of the power consumption via the wide area communication network 20. The smart meter 200 can also notify the monitoring device 300 of the power consumption amount via the home communication line 500.

  The hybrid PCS 210 is connected to the domestic distribution line 400 and is connected to a solar cell 211 and a storage battery 212 as a distributed power source. The hybrid PCS 210 operates the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 according to the control of the smart meter 200. Further, the hybrid PCS 210 can store the power generated by the solar battery 211 in the storage battery 212. The hybrid PCS 210 can convert AC power supplied from the home distribution line 400 into DC power, and store the DC power in the storage battery 212.

  Further, the hybrid PCS 210 can convert DC power generated by the discharge of the storage battery 212 or DC power generated by the solar battery 211 into AC power and send it to the home distribution line 400. The AC power sent to the home distribution line 400 is used in the lighting 251, the air conditioner 252, the refrigeration device 253, the television 254, and the heat storage device 255 as appropriate, or becomes reverse power flow to the power system 10. .

  The lighting device 251, the air conditioner 252, the refrigeration device 253, the television 254, and the heat storage device 255 as load devices are connected to the home distribution line 400 and to the home communication line 500. Note that these load devices operate in accordance with the control of the smart meter 200.

  The monitoring device 300 is connected to a device such as the smart meter 200 via the home communication line 500. In addition, the monitoring device 300 is connected to the hybrid PCS 210. The monitoring device 300 measures the power value of the power supplied from the solar cell 211 or the storage battery 212 to the home distribution line 400 via the hybrid PCS 210 and monitors the fluctuation of the power value. The detailed configuration of the monitoring device 300 will be described later.

  Here, in the control system 1, the electric power which can be supplied in the consumer 100 can be supplied to a load apparatus at the time of a power failure, and a self-sustained operation can be performed. Specifically, in the control system 1, the smart meter 200 interrupts the power system 10 and the home distribution line 400 during a power failure. At this time, the hybrid PCS 210 sends out the electric power supplied from the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 to the domestic distribution line 400. In addition, load devices such as the lighting 251, the air conditioner 252, the refrigeration device 253, the television 254, and the heat storage device 255 operate with the electric power sent from the hybrid PCS 210. In this way, the control system 1 according to the present embodiment performs the independent operation.

  In addition, in this embodiment, the solar cell 211 and the storage battery 212 are demonstrated as a distributed power supply. Moreover, in this embodiment, the electric power which can be supplied in the consumer 100 is the electric power supplied from this distributed power supply.

(2) Configuration of Monitoring Device The configuration of the monitoring device 300 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the monitoring apparatus 300. The monitoring device 300 according to the present embodiment monitors the power that can be supplied in the customer 100 when performing the independent operation.

  Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the monitoring apparatus 300 includes a communication unit 310 connected to the home communication line 500, a storage unit 320, an acquisition unit 330 connected to the hybrid PCS 210, a processing unit 340, an alarm, Part 350.

  The communication unit 310 communicates with the smart meter 200 via the home communication line 500. In addition, the communication unit 310 acquires a power consumption amount that is a total amount of power consumed by the load device from the smart meter 200. Note that the power consumption of the load device may fluctuate frequently, so the communication unit 310 periodically acquires the power consumption of the load device from the smart meter 200. The power consumption of the load device may be the amount of power when the load device is fully used, or may be set as a percentage of the amount of power when the load device is fully used. It may be the amount of electric power when the minimum necessary use of is assumed.

  The storage unit 320 stores a program executed by the processing unit 340 and is used as a work area during execution of the program by the processing unit 340.

  The acquisition unit 330 acquires, from the hybrid PCS 210, the power value of the power supplied from the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 as the distributed power source to the home distribution line 400.

  The processing unit 340 performs processing according to the program stored in the storage unit 320. Further, the processing unit 340 includes a fastest descending rate calculating unit 341, a measuring unit 342, a descending rate calculating unit 343, a determining unit 344, and a determining unit 345.

  The fastest descending rate calculating unit 341 calculates the fastest descending rate based on the predetermined power amount and the fastest descending period in which the electric power that can be supplied in the customer 100 reaches the fastest to decrease the predetermined power amount. .

  Here, in the present embodiment, the fastest rate of decrease indicates the amount of decrease per unit time when the distributed power sources such as the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 have been greatly decreased in the past record of the power supplied. is there. In the present embodiment, the fastest descent rate that has fallen the most in the past results is adopted, but it may be a value measured and set in advance before the installation, or the past results may be measured in time. A plurality may be stored together with the belt and weather conditions, and the one that has fallen the most in the actual results that meet the current conditions may be adopted. Further, “calculating the fastest descent rate” in the present invention is to determine the fastest descent rate in any of the above-described cases, and “calculate” of the present invention even when predetermined and stored in the storage unit 340. Shall be included.

With reference to the graph of FIG. 3, the fastest descending rate K _x , the predetermined power amount Δw, and the fastest descending period T will be described. FIG. 3 shows an example in the past when the power supplied from the distributed power source has reached the power value A from the power value A at the fastest speed. In FIG. 3, the power value B is the power consumption according to the present embodiment. The power value A is a threshold value according to the present embodiment, and is a power value that is higher by a predetermined power amount Δw than the power value B that is the power consumption amount.

  The predetermined power amount Δw is a value that can be arbitrarily determined by the user. The predetermined power amount Δw may be appropriately determined in consideration of the power consumption amount during the self-sustained operation and the degree of power reduction of the distributed power source, and is set by adding an arbitrary power amount to the predetermined power amount Δw. Alternatively, it may be set based on a predetermined ratio such as 120% of the power consumption.

Further, the fastest falling period T is a period in which, in the past, the power supplied from the distributed power source has reached the fastest to drop the predetermined power amount Δw. That is, the fastest descending period T is a period in which the fastest descending time from the power value A to the power value B is reached. Further, by dividing the fastest falling period T from a predetermined power amount [Delta] w, the fastest descent rate K _x is calculated. The relationship between the fastest descent rate, the predetermined power amount, and the fastest descent period is expressed by the following equation (1).

Fastest descent rate K _x = predetermined electric energy Δw / fastest descent period T (1)
In this way, the fastest increase rate calculating unit 341, based on the predetermined power amount Δw and fastest falling period T, calculates the fastest increase rate K _x. Also, the fastest descent rate calculation unit 341 notifies the calculated fastest decrease rate K _x to the determination unit 344.

  The measurement unit 342 measures the power value of power that can be supplied in the customer 100 at a predetermined measurement cycle. Here, in the present embodiment, the predetermined measurement period is a period obtained by dividing the fastest falling period T. Specifically, in the present embodiment, as the predetermined measurement cycle, a period “T / 2” in which the fastest falling period T is divided in half and a period “T / 4” in which the fastest falling period T is divided into a quarter. Is provided. Further, in the present embodiment, the period “T / 2” obtained by dividing the fastest falling period T in half is set as the first measurement period, and the period “T / 4” obtained by dividing the fastest falling period T in one fourth is the second. This will be described as a measurement cycle. The measurement cycle is not limited to this, and may be any period as long as it is a period obtained by dividing the fastest falling period T.

  In addition, the measurement unit 342 measures the power value of the power supplied from the distributed power supply at the first measurement cycle “T / 2” or the second measurement cycle “T / 4” determined by the method described above. Moreover, the measurement part 342 changes a measurement period according to whether the measured electric power value is below a threshold value. Specifically, the measurement unit 342 measures the power value at the first measurement cycle “T / 2” when the measured power value is not less than or equal to the threshold value. On the other hand, when the measured power value is equal to or less than the threshold value, the measurement unit 342 measures the power value with the second measurement period “T / 4” shorter than the first measurement period “T / 2”. The measurement unit 342 notifies the measured power value to the decrease rate calculation unit 343 and the determination unit 344. The measurement unit 342 notifies the descent rate calculation unit 343 of the first measurement cycle “T / 2” or the second measurement cycle “T / 4” when measuring the power value.

The decrease rate calculation unit 343 calculates the decrease rate based on the difference between the current power value measured by the measurement unit 342 and the power value measured last time. Specifically, the descent rate calculation unit 343 stores power values measured in the past, and calculates a power difference between the current power value P _n and the previous power value P _n−1 . Further, the decrease rate calculation unit 343 calculates the decrease rate by dividing the calculated power difference by the measurement period in the measurement unit 342. Further, the descending rate calculating unit 343 notifies the determining unit 344 of the calculated descending rate.

  The determination unit 344 acquires the power consumption amount of the load device from the communication unit 310 and specifies a threshold set higher by a predetermined power amount than the acquired power consumption amount. In addition, the determination unit 344 acquires a measured power value from the measurement unit 342 and determines whether the power value is equal to or less than a threshold value.

Determination unit 344 determines if the power value measured by the measurement unit 342 is equal to or less than the threshold, decrease rate calculated by the decrease rate calculating unit 343 whether a fastest decrease rate K _x or more.

  Specifically, the determination unit 344 acquires the descending rate from the descending rate calculating unit 343 and also acquires the fastest descending rate from the fastest descending rate calculating unit 341. In addition, the determination unit 344 determines whether or not the acquired descending rate is equal to or greater than the fastest descending rate, and when determining that the descending rate is equal to or greater than the fastest descending rate, notifies the determining unit 345 of the determination result. On the other hand, if the determination unit 344 determines that the rate of decrease is not equal to or greater than the fastest rate of decrease, the determination unit 344 notifies the measurement unit 342 that the power value measured by the measurement unit 342 is less than or equal to the threshold value.

  When the determining unit 344 determines that the descending rate is equal to or higher than the fastest descending rate, the determining unit 345 determines the generation of an alarm. Specifically, when the determination unit 345 receives a notification from the determination unit 344 that the rate of decrease is equal to or greater than the fastest rate of decrease, the determination unit 345 determines the occurrence of an alarm and instructs the alarm unit 350 to issue an alarm.

  The alarm unit 350 is connected to the processing unit 340 and operates according to instructions from the processing unit 340. Specifically, the alarm unit 350 generates an alarm in response to an instruction from the determination unit 345. The alarm unit 350 may generate an alarm by sound, may be generated by displaying it on a screen, or may be generated by a lamp or the like.

  Note that the hybrid PCS 210 may perform control so as to suppress power consumption to the load device in conjunction with the generation of an alarm from the monitoring device 300. Specifically, for example, the hybrid PCS 210 may control the load device so as to switch to the power saving mode, and if a priority order is set for each load device in advance, a power source having a low priority order is saved. Control may be performed so as to switch to the mode, or control may be performed so that the power supply is shut off. Furthermore, assuming that there is no person in the customer 100, the hybrid PCS 210 may perform control for suppressing the power consumption described above without generating an alarm.

(3) Operation of Monitoring Device Next, the operation of the monitoring device 300 will be described. FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram illustrating the operation of the monitoring apparatus 300. Here, FIG. 4 shows an operation performed by the monitoring device 300 when a power failure occurs in the power system 10 and the control system 1 executes the autonomous operation.

In step S101, the monitoring apparatus 300, the fastest increase rate calculating unit 341, based on the predetermined power amount Δw and fastest falling period T, calculates the fastest increase rate _{K x.}

  In step S102, the measurement unit 342 measures the power value supplied from the distributed power supply in the first measurement cycle “T / 2”.

In step S _< b _> 103, the decrease rate calculation unit 343 calculates the decrease rate Kn of the power value measured by the measurement unit 342. Specifically, the decrease rate calculation unit 343 calculates a power difference between the current power value P _n and the previous power value P _n−1 . Further, the decrease rate calculation unit 343 calculates the decrease rate by dividing the calculated power difference by the measurement period in the measurement unit 342.

Here, with reference to FIG. 5, the operation of the descent rate calculation unit 343 in step S103 will be described. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the power value measured by the measurement unit 342 rapidly decreases. In the example of FIG. 5, it is assumed that decrease rate K _n is the fastest decrease rate K _x or more.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, the decrease rate calculation unit 343 calculates a power difference ΔP _n that is a difference between the current power value P _n and the previous power value P _n−1 . Decrease rate calculating unit 343, the calculated power difference [Delta] P _n, it is divided by the first measuring cycle "T / 2" to which the current power value P _n is determined to calculate the decrease rate K _n. Moreover, descending rate calculation unit 343 notifies the decrease rate _{K n} calculated to the determining unit 344.

  In step S104, the determination unit 344 determines whether or not the measured power value is equal to or less than a threshold value. If the determination unit 344 determines that the power value is not less than or equal to the threshold value, the operation in step S102 is repeated. In this embodiment, step S104 is performed after step S103. However, step S103 may be performed after step S104. This eliminates the need to calculate the descent rate until the threshold value is reached.

In step S105, the determination unit 344, if the power value measured by the measurement unit 342 is below a threshold, the decrease rate K _n determines whether or not the fastest decrease rate K _x or more.

Specifically, the determination unit 344 acquires the decrease rate K _n from the lowered rate calculation unit 343, acquires the fastest decrease rate K _x from the fastest increase rate calculating unit 341. Determination unit 344, decrease rate K _n acquired is equal to or fastest decrease rate K _x or more. The determination unit 344, decrease rate _{K n} and the fastest decrease rate _{K x} and the following equation (2) determines whether the relationship is established.

| Drop rate K _n | ≧ || Fastest descent rate K _x | (2)
The determination unit 344, if the decrease rate K _n is determined to be the fastest decrease rate K _x above, and notifies the determination result to the determination unit 345. In the example of FIG. 5, the determination unit 344, since the falling rate K _n is the is at the fastest decrease rate K _x above, and notifies the determination result to the determination unit 345.

On the other hand, the determination unit 344, decrease rate K _n when it determines that not the fastest decrease rate K _x above, that only the power value measured by the measurement unit 342 is equal to or less than the threshold, and notifies the measurement unit 342.

  In step S106, when the measurement unit 342 receives a notification from the determination unit 344 that the power value is equal to or less than the threshold value, the measurement unit 342 starts measurement with the second measurement period “T / 4”. That is, the measurement unit 342 changes the measurement period from the first measurement period “T / 2” to the second measurement period “T / 4”. Thereafter, the operations in steps S103 to S105 are repeated.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 6, the operation | movement which the fall rate calculation part 343 performs in step S103 after step S106 is demonstrated. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the power value measured by the measurement unit 342 further decreases after the measurement unit 342 changes to the second measurement cycle “T / 4” in step S106.

As shown in FIG. 6, the decrease rate calculation unit 343 calculates a power difference ΔP _n between the current power value P _n and the previous power value P _n−1 . Decrease rate calculating unit 343, the calculated power difference [Delta] P _n, is divided by the second measurement cycle "T / 4" to the current power value P _n is determined to calculate the decrease rate K _n. Further, the descending rate calculating unit 343 notifies the determining unit 344 of the calculated descending rate. Thereafter, the operations of steps S104 to S105 are executed.

In step S107, when the determination unit 345 receives the notification of the determination result from the determination unit 344, the determination unit 345 determines the generation of the alarm and instructs the alarm unit 350 to generate the alarm. Specifically, when the determination unit 345 receives a notification from the determination unit 344 that the rate of decrease Kn is _equal to or greater than the fastest rate of decrease K _x , the determination unit 345 determines to generate an alarm and alerts the alarm unit 350. Instruct.

  In response to this instruction, the alarm unit 350 generates an alarm for the user or the like.

(4) In the embodiment functions and effects described above, the monitoring apparatus 300, based on the predetermined power amount Δw and fastest falling period T, calculates the fastest increase rate K _x. The monitoring device 300, the power value of the power supplied from the distributed power supply is measured, to calculate a decrease rate K _n of measured power values. The monitoring apparatus 300, when decrease rate K _n is the fastest decrease rate K _x above, to determine the occurrence of an alarm.

That is, since the monitoring apparatus 300 determines the occurrence of an alarm when the rate of decrease K _{n of the} power supplied from the distributed power supply decreases sharply so as to be equal to or greater than the fastest rate of decrease K _x , the power supplied from the distributed power supply is Even when it fluctuates greatly, an alarm can be issued more reliably.

The determination in the embodiment described above, the monitoring device 300 only when the power value is equal to or less than the set as high threshold for a predetermined amount of power [Delta] w, decrease rate K _n is whether a fastest decrease rate K _x or Therefore, the processing load can be reduced as compared with the case where the determination is made every time the power value is measured.

  In addition, the monitoring apparatus 300 divides the fastest falling period T when the power supplied from the distributed power supply falls the predetermined power amount Δw at the fastest speed, the first measurement cycle “T / 2” or the second measurement cycle “T / The power value is measured with 4 ″ as the measurement period. Therefore, since the monitoring apparatus 300 can measure at least once even when the power supplied from the distributed power supply drops at the fastest speed, it can generate an alarm more reliably.

  In the above-described embodiment, the monitoring apparatus 300 measures the power value at the second measurement period “T / 4” shorter than the first measurement period “T / 2” when the power value is equal to or less than the threshold value. Therefore, even if the power supplied from the distributed power source fluctuates, the fluctuation can be grasped more accurately.

(5) Modification Example According to this Embodiment Next, a modification example according to this embodiment will be described. The monitoring apparatus 300 according to the embodiment described above, when the decrease rate K _n of measured power value was fastest decrease rate K _x above, was determined the occurrence of the alarm. However, the power value may gradually decrease to the power consumption. Therefore, the monitoring apparatus 300 according to this modification is configured to generate an alarm even when the power value gradually decreases.

Here, FIG. 7, decreases gradually after the power value is equal to or less than the threshold value, an example is shown in the case of descending rate K _n is not the fastest decrease rate K _x or more.

  In consideration of the case where the power value decreases as shown in FIG. 7, in the monitoring apparatus 300, a separate lower limit threshold is provided between the threshold and the power consumption. Moreover, the determination part 344 determines whether the measured electric power value is below a lower limit threshold value. When the power value is equal to or lower than the lower limit threshold, the determination unit 344 notifies the determination unit 345 to that effect, and the determination unit 345 determines the occurrence of an alarm.

  In this case, the lower limit threshold is determined by adding an arbitrary power amount smaller than the predetermined power amount Δw described above to the power consumption amount.

  Furthermore, without calculating the lower limit threshold of this modified example, when calculating that the measured power value falls after falling below the threshold, or when calculating that it has continued to fall continuously several times In addition, the occurrence of an alarm may be determined.

(6) Other Embodiments As described above, the present invention has been described according to the embodiment. However, it should not be understood that the description and drawings constituting a part of this disclosure limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples and operational techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

  In the above-described embodiment, the solar battery 211 and the storage battery 212 are described as examples of the distributed power supply. However, other power generation apparatuses such as wind power generation may be used. In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated the case where the solar cell 211 and the storage battery 212 were used as a distributed power supply, it should just be at least any one. Note that the amount of power supplied to the solar cell 211 may drop sharply due to changes in weather or the like, and the present invention is particularly effective when the solar cell 211 is used as a distributed power source.

  In the above-described embodiment, all or part of the functions of the monitoring device 300 may be provided in other devices such as the hybrid PCS 210 and the smart meter 200.

  In addition, the function of the monitoring apparatus 300 according to the above-described embodiment can be applied to various systems in smart grid technology such as HEMS (Home Energy Management System) and BEMS (Building and Energy Management System).

  Thus, it should be understood that the present invention includes various embodiments and the like not described herein. Therefore, the present invention is limited only by the invention specifying matters in the scope of claims reasonable from this disclosure.

T: fastest descent period, ΔPn: power difference, Δw: predetermined power amount, Kn: descent rate, Kx: fastest descent rate, Pn: power value, 1 ... control system, 10 ... power system, 20 ... wide area communication network, 50 ... EMS, 100 ... customer, 200 ... smart meter, 210 ... PCS, 211 ... solar battery, 212 ... storage battery, 251 ... lighting, 252 ... air conditioner, 253 ... refrigerator, 254 ... television, 255 ... heat storage device, 300 ... Monitoring device 310 ... Communication unit 320 ... Storage unit 330 ... Acquisition unit 340 ... Processing unit 341 ... Fastest descent rate calculation unit 342 ... Measurement unit 343 ... Descent rate calculation unit 344 ... Determination unit 345 ... Determining unit, 350 ... Alarm unit, 400 ... Home distribution line, 500 ... Home communication line

Claims (4)

A monitoring device for monitoring the electric power provided to a consumer that performs a self-sustained operation for supplying power of a distributed power source that can be supplied in the consumer to a load device,
A fastest descent rate calculating unit that calculates a fastest descent rate based on a predetermined amount of power determined in advance and a period during which the power of the distributed power supply that can be supplied in the consumer reaches the fastest time to drop the predetermined amount of power; ,
A measurement unit that measures the power value of the power of the distributed power supply that can be supplied in the consumer at a predetermined measurement cycle;
A descent rate calculating unit that calculates a descent rate based on the difference between the current power value and the previously measured power value and the predetermined measurement period;
A determination unit that determines whether or not the rate of decrease is equal to or greater than the fastest rate of decrease when the current power value is equal to or less than a threshold value set higher than the power consumption of the load device by the predetermined power amount. When,
A monitoring device, comprising: a determining unit that determines the occurrence of an alarm when it is determined that the descending rate is equal to or greater than the fastest descending rate. The said predetermined measurement period is a period which divided | segmented the said period when the electric power of the distributed power supply which can be supplied in the said consumer arrives at the fastest to fall the said predetermined electric energy. Monitoring device. As the predetermined measurement period, a first measurement period and a second measurement period that is shorter than the first measurement period are provided,
In the case where the current power value is equal to or less than a threshold value and the decrease rate is not determined to be equal to or greater than the fastest decrease rate , the measurement unit determines whether the current power value is within the consumer according to the second measurement cycle. The monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a power value of power of a distributed power supply that can be supplied is measured. In a consumer who performs a self-sustained operation of supplying power of a distributed power source that can be supplied in a consumer to a load device, the monitoring method for monitoring the power,
Calculating a fastest rate of decrease based on a predetermined amount of power determined in advance and a period during which the power of a distributed power source that can be supplied in the consumer reaches the fastest time to decrease the predetermined amount of power;
Measuring the power value of the distributed power supply that can be supplied in the consumer at a predetermined measurement period;
Calculating a descent rate based on the difference between the current power value and the previously measured power value and the predetermined measurement period;
Determining whether or not the rate of decrease is equal to or greater than the fastest rate of decrease when the current power value is less than or equal to a threshold set higher than the power consumption of the load device by the predetermined power amount ; ,
And a step of determining the generation of an alarm when it is determined that the descending rate is equal to or greater than the fastest descending rate.

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