JP2012121455A - On-board loudspeaker device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide "an on-board loudspeaker device" capable of preventing a decrease in a sound pressure of a loudspeaker installed on an automobile and relieving a tentative rise of the air pressure in an inner space of the automobile into a vehicle outside space.SOLUTION: A vehicle duct 10 having a lid 16 is mounted to an inner side panel 5 of the automobile 1. When a housing 21 of a loudspeaker device 20 is mounted to the vehicle duct 10, the lid 16 is pushed by a pressing part 25 provided on the housing 21, and an exhaust port 13 is opened. The loudspeaker 30 and a communicating tube 40 are mounted to the housing 21. A ventilation regulation part 45 having a movable valve 46 is provided on the communicating tube 40. The ventilation regulation part 45 hardly passes the sound pressure generated from the loudspeaker 30 therethrough, but when the pressure of an in-vehicle space 6 is temporarily increased, the air passes through the ventilation regulation part 45 and can be relieved from the inner space 22 of the housing 21 to the vehicle outside space 8.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted speaker device in which a speaker is installed so as to be directed to a vehicle interior space, and a sound pressure having an opposite phase emitted from a back portion of the speaker is guided to a vehicle exterior space through an exhaust port formed in a partition wall of a vehicle body.

  A speaker installed in an automobile is attached to a door panel that partitions the interior of the vehicle, a vehicle compartment panel at the rear of the vehicle, or the like.

  In the in-vehicle speaker device described in Patent Literature 1 below, a speaker is attached to a vehicle door. The speaker is fixed to an opening formed in the inner panel of the vehicle door. In addition, an opening is formed in the outer panel of the vehicle door, and a duct that connects the opening of the inner panel and the opening of the outer panel is housed inside the vehicle door, and the speaker is disposed inside the duct. Has been.

  This in-vehicle speaker device suppresses generation of vibration sound inside the vehicle door when the speaker is operated by releasing the sound pressure in the opposite phase generated in the back portion of the speaker to the outside space through the duct. .

  In the automobile speaker mounting apparatus described in Patent Document 2 below, a housing is installed inside a vehicle body inner plate provided at the rear of a passenger compartment of a van type car or a wagon car. A net-like cylinder is built in the casing, and the cylinder communicates with an outer duct provided in a ventilation port formed in the vehicle interior plate and an inner duct opening in the casing. A speaker is attached to the lid member of the housing.

  In this speaker mounting device, the back of the speaker is directed to the internal space of the housing, and the inner duct opening to the housing is directed to the interior of the vehicle interior, so that an acoustic effect equivalent to that of a bass reflex type speaker box can be obtained. It is.

JP-A 63-287296 Microfilm of Japanese Utility Model No. 61-25283 (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 62-137152)

  The vehicle-mounted speaker device described in Patent Document 1 must have an opening formed in the outer panel of the vehicle door, and a duct must be accommodated inside the vehicle door, and the vehicle door must be modified. . Therefore, it is difficult to adopt this structure when a speaker is attached to the vehicle later.

  The speaker mounting device described in Patent Document 2 is an outer duct that removes a vehicle duct provided in advance in a ventilation port formed in a vehicle interior plate of a vehicle and communicates the ventilation port with the internal space of the housing. It is necessary to attach. Since it is necessary to improve the vehicle duct provided from the beginning, the installation work is complicated.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, can install a speaker without modifying the structure of the vehicle, can obtain good sound quality, and effectively exhausts air from the vehicle interior space to the vehicle exterior space. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted speaker device that can be used.

The present invention relates to a speaker device having a housing attached to the inside of a partition wall having an exhaust port of an automobile, and a speaker attached to the housing.
The housing has an internal space, and the speaker is attached to a mounting hole that opens in the housing in a state where the sound generation side is directed to the vehicle interior space,
The housing is provided with a pressing portion that presses the lid provided at the exhaust port in the opening direction to allow the internal space to communicate with the vehicle exterior space, and a communication path that allows the vehicle interior space and the interior space to communicate with each other. And
The communication path is provided with an air flow restricting portion that restricts the sound pressure of the internal space from reaching the vehicle interior space when the speaker is operated and allows the wind pressure of the vehicle interior space to pass through the internal space. It is a feature.

  In the vehicle-mounted speaker device of the present invention, when the housing to which the speaker is attached is installed inside the partition wall of the automobile, the lid provided on the partition wall is pressed by the pressing portion provided on the housing, and formed on the partition wall. The exhaust port is released, and the internal space of the housing communicates with the outside space through the exhaust port. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove a duct or lid that is previously attached to the partition wall of the automobile, and the modification of the vehicle can be minimized.

  Since the sound pressure emitted from the back of the speaker propagates from the interior space of the housing to the outside space through the exhaust port, the sound pressure at the front, which is the speaker's sounding side, and the sound pressure at the back of the speaker are in phase. Interference can be prevented through the communication path, and the sound pressure can be increased to improve the sound quality. Moreover, the pressure in the vehicle interior space can be exhausted to the vehicle exterior space by the communication passage provided in the housing.

  In the present invention, for example, the air flow restricting unit may include a movable valve that closes the communication path, and the movable valve may be configured to be configured to close the communication path by an elastic force.

In this case, the movable valve is preferably made of a breathable material.
By forming the movable valve from a breathable material, it becomes easy to exhaust the air inside the automobile toward the outside space even when the movable valve is closed.

  Alternatively, in the present invention, the air flow restricting portion is configured by a plurality of partition spaces partitioned inside the communication passage and a passage communicating the partition spaces.

  According to the present invention, the speaker can be mounted with minimal modification of the vehicle, and after the mounting, the sound pressure of the sound is large and the sound quality is good, and the exhaust from the interior space to the exterior space is also effectively performed. Is possible.

Side view of a car equipped with a speaker device, Sectional drawing of the II-II line in FIG. 1 which shows the structure of the vehicle-mounted speaker apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention, The expanded sectional view which shows the communicating path and ventilation control part which were provided in the speaker apparatus shown in FIG. The disassembled perspective view which shows the communicating path and ventilation control part which were provided in the speaker apparatus shown in FIG. The expanded sectional view which shows the communicating path and ventilation control part which were provided in the vehicle-mounted speaker apparatus of 2nd Embodiment, The expanded sectional view which shows the communicating path and ventilation control part which were provided in the vehicle-mounted speaker apparatus of 3rd Embodiment, Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the vehicle-mounted speaker apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention,

  FIG. 1 shows an appearance of a one-box type automobile 1. The speaker device 20 of the first embodiment is mounted on the rear part of the automobile 1.

  FIG. 2 shows an exterior plate 2, a part of the rear bumper 3, and a part of the bottom plate 4 of the automobile 1. An inner panel 5, which is a partition wall that partitions the vehicle interior space, is provided inside the exterior plate 2. The inside of the inner panel 5 is a vehicle interior space 6, and the space between the exterior plate 2 and the inner panel 5 is an intermediate space 7. The outside of the exterior plate 2 is a vehicle exterior space 8.

  The inner panel 5 is formed with an opening 5 a that communicates the interior space 6 and the intermediate space 7, and the exterior plate 2 is formed with an opening 2 a that communicates the intermediate space 7 and the exterior space 8.

  A vehicle duct 10 is attached to the opening 5 a of the inner panel 5. The vehicle duct 10 is made of metal or synthetic resin. The vehicle duct 10 includes a support portion 11 installed on the inner surface of the inner panel 5 and a fitting portion 12 that fits into the opening 5 a of the inner panel 5. The support portion 11 is fixed to the inner panel 5 with a mounting screw 14 or other means.

  An exhaust port 13 is formed through the fitting portion 12 of the vehicle duct 10. At the end of the fitting portion 12 exposed in the intermediate space 7, a lid body 16 is provided at the top so as to be rotatably supported via a shaft portion 15.

  The opening 2a of the exterior plate 2 and the opening 5a of the inner panel 5 are opened when the vehicle is manufactured. The vehicle duct 10 and the lid 16 are also attached in advance when the vehicle is manufactured.

  Before the speaker device 20 is attached, the lid body 16 is in a vertical posture by its own weight and its own elastic force, and the exhaust port 13 is blocked by the lid body 16. When the pressure in the vehicle interior space 6 rises as when the vehicle door is closed, the lid body 16 is opened by this pressure so that the air pressure in the vehicle interior space 6 can escape from the intermediate space 7 to the vehicle exterior space 8. It has become.

  The speaker device 20 can be installed without removing the vehicle duct 10 and the lid body 16. Therefore, the modification work of the vehicle necessary for attaching the speaker device 20 can be completed with a minimum work such as a wiring process.

  The speaker device 20 has a housing 21 made of synthetic resin or metal. The housing 21 has an internal space 22 having a predetermined volume. A connecting portion 23 is formed in the housing 21, and a connecting hole 24 is opened in the connecting portion 23. The housing 21 is installed in the vehicle interior space 6 with the connecting portion 23 connected to the vehicle duct 10 and the connecting hole 24 and the exhaust port 13 communicating with each other. The housing 21 is fixed to the vehicle interior space 6 by using a mounting hole previously opened in the inner panel 5 or the like.

  A pressing portion 25 is formed integrally with the connecting portion 23 of the housing 21. When the connecting portion 23 of the housing 21 is connected to the vehicle duct 10, the pressing portion 25 is inserted into the exhaust port 13 of the vehicle duct 10, and the base portion of the lid body 16 is pushed into the intermediate space 7 by the tip portion of the pressing portion 25. Opened, the internal space 22 of the housing 21 communicates with the intermediate space 7 outside the inner panel 5 and the vehicle exterior space 8 outside the exterior plate 2.

  An attachment hole 26 is opened in the housing 21, and a speaker 30 is attached to the attachment hole 26. The speaker 30 is for low sounds or medium sounds.

  The speaker 30 has a circular or elliptical frame 31. The frame 31 is installed in the mounting hole 26, and a plurality of locations on the outer peripheral portion of the frame 31 are fixed to the housing 21 by mounting screws 32. A cone-shaped diaphragm 33 is supported on the frame 31, and a magnetic drive unit 34 that vibrates the diaphragm 33 is provided at the rear of the frame 31.

  The speaker 30 has a sound generation side with a front portion 30 a directed toward the interior space 6 of the automobile 1, and a back portion 30 b opposite to the sound generation side directed toward the internal space 22 of the housing 21. The back portion 30b of the speaker 30 generates a sound pressure having a phase opposite to that of the sound wave applied to the front portion 30a. This sound pressure passes from the internal space 22 of the housing 21 through the inside of the exhaust port 13 to the intermediate space 7 and It is possible to escape to the outside space 8.

  A communication hole 27 is opened in the housing 21. The housing 21 is open at three locations, the connection hole 24, the attachment hole 26 and the communication hole 27, and no other opening is formed.

  A communication pipe 40 is fixed to the communication hole 27, and a communication path 41 is formed inside the communication pipe 40. The internal opening end 41 a of the communication path 41 opens toward the vehicle interior space 6, and the external opening end 41 b opens toward the internal space 22 of the housing 21.

  A ventilation restriction portion 45 is provided at the external opening end 41 b of the communication path 41. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a flange portion 42 is formed integrally with the communication pipe 40 at the outer opening end 41b. A movable valve 46 that constitutes the air flow restricting portion 45 is attached to the outer surface 42 a of the flange portion 42.

  The movable valve 46 includes a support portion 46a and a seat portion 46b extending from the support portion 46a. The support portion 46 a is fixed to the outer surface 42 a of the flange portion 42, and the seat portion 46 b faces the external opening end 41 b of the communication path 41.

  The seat portion 46b is formed of a material having elasticity and rigidity and air permeability. For example, the sheet portion 46b is formed of a foamed resin, foamed rubber, nonwoven fabric, porous resin sheet or the like in which a large number of air holes communicating with the front and back sides are formed. As shown in FIG. 4, when the sheet portion 46 b is formed of a thin material, it is possible to reinforce the elastic force and rigidity by performing uneven processing (corrugation processing).

  Since the seat part 46b has elasticity and rigidity, it does not move easily with a relatively high sound pressure generated by the vibration of the diaphragm 33 of the speaker 30, but it looks like when the door of the automobile 1 is closed. It is easy to move following the flow of air with a very low frequency. Accordingly, when the pressure of the air in the vehicle interior space 6 temporarily increases, such as when the door is closed, the seat portion 46b opens in the α direction, and the air in the vehicle interior space 6 passes through the communication passage 41. Thus, it becomes easier to escape from the internal space 22 to the intermediate space 7 and the vehicle exterior space 8. On the other hand, the sound pressure due to the vibration of the diaphragm 33 of the speaker 30 is unlikely to pass through the communication path 41. In particular, the sound pressure generated from the back portion 30 b of the speaker 30 functions to press the seat portion 46 b against the flange portion 42 by the air pressure, and thus it is difficult for the sound pressure to move into the communication path 41.

  Therefore, the sound pressure emitted from the front portion 30a of the speaker 30 toward the vehicle interior space 6 is not easily canceled by the sound pressure of the opposite phase emitted from the back portion 30b.

  Further, when the seat portion 46b is formed of a breathable material, dirty air in the vehicle interior space 6 passes through the communication passage 41 and permeates the seat portion 46b even when the movable valve 46 is closed. As a result, the air is easily exhausted from the internal space 22 to the external space 8.

The operation of the speaker device 20 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 will be described.
The speaker device 20 can be attached to the inner side of the inner panel 5 with minimal modification of the vehicle without removing the vehicle duct 10 and the lid 16 that are previously attached to the automobile 1. When the connecting portion 23 of the housing 21 of the speaker device 20 is connected to the vehicle duct 10, the lid body 16 is pushed outward by the pressing portion 25, and the internal space 22 of the housing 21 leads to the intermediate space 7 and the outside space 8. . Unless the speaker device 20 is removed, the lid body 16 remains open.

  Since the communication path 41 that communicates the internal space 22 of the housing 21 and the interior space 6 is normally closed by the movable valve 46, dirty air in the exterior space 8 may inadvertently enter the interior space 6. There is no.

  When the vibration plate 33 of the speaker 30 vibrates, a sound pressure in which the air density is continuous is applied from the front portion 30a of the speaker 30 on the sounding side toward the vehicle interior space 6, and from the back portion 30b of the speaker 30 to the internal space 22. A sound pressure having a phase opposite to that of the sound pressure emitted from the front portion 30a is applied.

  Since the seat part 46b of the movable valve 46 constituting the air flow restricting part 45 has elasticity and rigidity and has a predetermined mass, the air flow having a relatively high frequency such as the sound pressure is prevented. Is difficult to react. Further, the sound pressure in which the internal space 22 is positive acts in the direction of closing the communication path 41 with respect to the seat portion 46b. This makes it difficult for the sound pressures in opposite phases before and after the speaker 30 to interfere with each other. Further, since the internal space 22 of the housing 21 communicates with the vehicle exterior space 8 from the exhaust port 13, the sound pressure in the interior space 22 easily escapes to the vehicle exterior space 8, and the vibration of the diaphragm 33 of the speaker 30 in the interior space 22. Air damper that suppresses the occurrence is difficult. Therefore, a sound wave having a good sound quality is applied from the speaker 30 toward the vehicle interior space 6 with a large sound pressure.

  On the other hand, when the air pressure in the vehicle interior space 6 temporarily increases, for example, when the door of the automobile 1 is closed, the seat portion 46b is opened in the α direction in response to the increase in pressure. Therefore, when the air pressure in the vehicle interior space 6 passes through the communication path 41, escapes from the interior space 22 through the intermediate space 7 to the vehicle exterior space 8, and the door is closed, the internal pressure in the vehicle interior space 6 increases abnormally. It becomes possible to prevent such inconveniences.

  In the speaker device 20 </ b> A according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a ventilation restriction portion 45 </ b> A is provided inside the communication pipe 40 fixed to the housing 21.

  The ventilation restricting portion 45A is provided with a plurality of movable valves 47 that block the communication passage 41 inside. When the cross section of the communication path 41 is a quadrangle, a pair of movable valves 47 fixed to the inner surfaces facing the communication path 41 extend toward the center of the communication path 41. When the cross section of the communication path 41 is circular, a plurality of movable valves 47 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the communication path 41 extend toward the center of the cross section of the communication path 41.

  The movable valve 47 is formed of a material having elasticity and rigidity. For example, the movable valve 47 is made of foamed resin or foamed rubber containing continuous bubbles. The movable valve 47 can be deformed in both the direction from the vehicle interior space 6 toward the internal space 22 of the housing 21 (α direction) and the direction from the internal space 22 toward the vehicle interior space 6 (β direction).

  When there is no air flow in the communication path 41, the movable valve 47 maintains the posture of closing the communication path 41 by its own elastic force.

  When the diaphragm 33 of the speaker 30 vibrates, a sound pressure having an opposite phase is generated in the vehicle interior space 6 and the interior space 22, but the frequency of this sound pressure, that is, the frequency of the air density is relatively high, so The movable valve 47 having force and rigidity is difficult to move, and the communication path 41 is easily maintained in a closed state. Therefore, it is easy to prevent the sound pressure applied to the vehicle interior space 6 from being suppressed by the sound pressure having the opposite phase.

  When the door of the automobile 1 is closed, the internal pressure of the interior space 6 temporarily increases, but the frequency of the pressure change is sufficiently lower than the sound pressure generated by the speaker. In this case, the movable valve 47 is deformed in the α direction as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 5, and the internal pressure of the vehicle interior space 6 is discharged to the internal space 22 and the vehicle exterior space 8 through the communication pipe 41. Further, since the movable valve 47 is formed of a breathable material, the breathability between the interior space 6 and the interior space 22 can be maintained.

  In the speaker device 20B according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a ventilation restriction part 45B is provided in the communication path 41 inside the communication pipe 40.

  The air flow restricting portion 45B has a sound deadening structure, and the inside of the communication passage 41 is divided into a plurality of partition spaces 48, and a passage 49 that communicates the plurality of partition spaces 48 at random is formed. In this air flow restricting portion 45B, the path of air passing through the inside of the communication passage 41 becomes longer, and each partition space 48 exhibits an air damper effect.

  Therefore, the relatively high frequency sound pressure generated in the diaphragm 33 of the speaker 30 is difficult to pass through the air flow restricting portion 45B. On the other hand, the pressure in the vehicle interior space 6 is relatively low, such as when the door is closed. When changing at a low frequency, the air pressure at that time tends to pass through the air flow restricting portion 45B. It is also possible to always exhaust the air in the interior space 6 from the interior space 22 toward the exterior space 8.

  FIG. 7 shows a speaker device 120 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this speaker device 120, the same components as those of the speaker device 20 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  In the automobile of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a vehicle duct 110 is attached to the opening 5 a of the inner panel 5.

  In the vehicle duct 110, a plurality of slit-shaped air holes 114 are formed in the exhaust port 113, and a plurality of lids 116 that open and close the air holes 114 are provided.

  The connecting portion 23 of the housing 21 of the speaker device 120 is provided with a plurality of pressing portions 125. When the housing 21 is connected and attached to the vehicle duct 110, the respective pressing portions 125 are inserted into the slit-like vent holes 114, and the plurality of lids 116 are individually pressed and released by the respective pressing portions 125. The

  At this time, all the lids 116 may be pushed and released by the plurality of pressing parts 125, or a part of the lids 116 may be pushed and released by the pressing part 125 as shown in FIG. The lid 116 may remain closed.

1 Car 2 Exterior panel 5 Inside panel (partition wall)
5a Opening 6 Car interior space 7 Intermediate space 8 Car exterior space 10 Vehicle duct 13 Exhaust port 16 Cover body 20 Speaker device 21 Housing 22 Internal space 24 Connection hole 25 Pressing portion 27 Communication hole 30 Speaker 31 Frame 33 Diaphragm 40 Communication tube 41 Communication Passage 45, 45A, 45B Ventilation regulating part 46, 47 Movable valve 48 Compartment space 49 Passage 110 Vehicle duct 116 Lid 125 Press part

Claims (4)

In a speaker device having a housing attached to the inside of a partition wall having an exhaust port of an automobile, and a speaker attached to the housing,
The housing has an internal space, and the speaker is attached to a mounting hole that opens in the housing in a state where the sound generation side is directed to the vehicle interior space,
The housing is provided with a pressing portion that presses the lid provided at the exhaust port in the opening direction to allow the internal space to communicate with the vehicle exterior space, and a communication path that allows the vehicle interior space and the interior space to communicate with each other. And
The communication path is provided with an air flow restricting portion that restricts the sound pressure of the internal space from reaching the vehicle interior space when the speaker is operated and allows the wind pressure of the vehicle interior space to pass through the internal space. A vehicle-mounted speaker device.   The in-vehicle speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the air flow restricting unit includes a movable valve that closes the communication path, and the movable valve is set in a posture to close the communication path by an elastic force.   The in-vehicle speaker device according to claim 2, wherein the movable valve is formed of a breathable material.   The in-vehicle speaker device according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation restriction unit includes a plurality of partition spaces partitioned inside the communication passage and a passage communicating the partition spaces.

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