JP2012106330A - Measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a measuring instrument which can easily measure an object to be measured with comparatively high accuracy whose manufacturing cost can be reduced.SOLUTION: A table 9 on which the object 7 to be measured is placed can be rotated around an axial line passing through the center A of the table. At the front side of the table 9, there is provided a measuring device 17 that moves in a horizontal direction. The measuring device 17 is equipped with a probe 19 that advances and retreats in forward and backward directions, and a distance between a contact point 20 at the tip of the probe 19 in the retreat state and a straight line in a horizontal direction passing through the center A of the table is set to a prescribed value. The measuring device 17 advances toward the front face 12 of the object 7 to be measured at one end position 22 and the other end position 25 viewed in a horizontal direction, and measures a first distance D1 and a second distance D2 between the contact point in the retreat state and the front face 12 of the object to be measured. When the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are different from each other, the table 9 is rotated so that the distance between the contact point 20 and the front face 12 in the one end position 22 and that in the other end position 25 becomes equal.

Description

  The present invention relates to a measuring apparatus for measuring the dimension of the surface shape of an object to be measured as a workpiece processed by a machine tool, a workpiece processed by a machine tool, or the like.

  There are vernier calipers and micrometers as simple means for measuring the dimension of the surface shape of the object to be measured, such as a workpiece machined by a machine tool or a workpiece machined by a machine tool. As an advanced means for measuring dimensions, for example, there is a three-dimensional measuring apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like.

  Vernier calipers and micrometers have the advantage of being able to easily measure any part of the object being measured, but if the object to be measured is particularly large, the contact measurement part of the caliper or micrometer should be the required part of the object to be measured. There was a problem that it was difficult to apply properly and measurement could not be performed correctly. Moreover, measuring the dimensions of each part of the surface shape of the object to be measured with a caliper or a micrometer has a problem that the work efficiency is low due to a lot of labor and there is a limit to the measurement accuracy. there were. On the other hand, the three-dimensional measuring apparatus can efficiently measure a mass product whose measurement location is determined, but when measuring a product of high-mix low-volume production according to each measured object. Therefore, there was a problem that the required program had to be set up, and the preparation work required time and the work efficiency of measurement was poor.

  In addition, since it is not possible to directly measure the angle with a caliper or a micrometer, a right-angle ruler must be used separately to check whether the object to be measured has a parallelogram shape, for example. The measurement was troublesome. On the other hand, the CMM has the advantage of being able to accurately measure all dimensions such as flatness and squareness, as well as being able to accurately measure the dimensions of the surface shape of the object being measured. There was a problem that was very expensive.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-26133

  The present invention has been developed in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and can easily measure even a small variety of products to be measured with relatively high accuracy, and has a simple structure and a low manufacturing cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a measuring device that can be reduced.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
A first aspect of the measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes a table on which an object to be measured is placed, and the table can be rotated around an axis in the vertical direction passing through the center in plan view. The placed object to be measured is formed as a surface in which the front surface positioned in front in the front-rear direction can take a posture extending linearly in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction. A measuring instrument that is positioned in front of the front surface of the object to be measured and is movable in the left-right direction is provided, and the contact point of the measuring element of the measuring instrument is initially a reference when viewed in the front-rear direction. The distance between the contact point at the reference position and the center when the contact point is on the straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the center of the table is set to a required value. The measuring instrument moves to one end side as viewed in the left-right direction, and at the one end side position, the measuring element relatively advances in the front-rear direction toward the front surface, and the contact point of the measuring element is the table. By contacting the front surface of the object to be measured above, the first distance between the corresponding first contact point and the contact point at the reference position can be measured. The probe moves toward the other end when viewed in the direction, and at the other end side position, the probe advances relatively in the front-rear direction toward the front surface, and the contact point of the probe is measured on the table. By contacting the front surface of the object, the second distance between the corresponding second contact point and the contact point at the reference position can be measured. When the measured first distance is different from the second distance, the table is rotated by a required angle around the axis, so that the contact point at the reference position at the one end side position is Correction is performed so that the front-rear direction distance between the front surface and the front-rear direction distance between the contact point at the reference position and the front surface at the other end side position are equal. It is characterized by this.

  A second aspect of the measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes a table on which an object to be measured is placed, and the table can be rotated around an axis in the vertical direction passing through the center in plan view. The placed object to be measured is formed as a surface in which the front surface positioned in front in the front-rear direction can take a posture extending linearly in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction. And it is located in the front side of the front surface of the object to be measured and the first measurement having a first measuring element at a point separated by a required distance when viewed in the left-right direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction. And a second measuring device having a second measuring element, and the first contact point of the first measuring element is initially at the first reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction. The second contact point of the second probe is initially in the second reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction. A distance between the first contact point at the first reference position and an intersection of a straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the first contact point and a straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table; The distance between the second contact point at the second reference position and the intersection of the straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the second contact point and the straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table is a required value. If the distances are set to the same value or the distances are different, correction is performed so that the distances are the same. When the first probe moves relatively in the front-rear direction toward the front surface and the first contact point of the first probe contacts the front surface of the object to be measured on the table. The first distance between the corresponding first contact point and the first contact point at the first reference position can be measured, and the second measuring element is directed in the front-rear direction toward the front surface. And the second contact point of the second measuring element comes into contact with the front surface of the object to be measured on the table, and the corresponding second contact point and the second reference point. The second distance between the second contact point at the position can be measured. When the measured first distance is different from the second distance, the table is rotated by a required angle around the axis, so that the first contact point at the first reference position is Correction is performed so that the front-rear distance between the front surface and the front-rear distance between the second contact point at the second reference position and the front surface are equal. It is characterized by.

  A third aspect of the measurement apparatus according to the present invention includes a table on which an object to be measured is placed, and the table can be rotated around an axis in the vertical direction passing through the center in plan view. The placed object to be measured is formed as a surface in which the front surface positioned in front in the front-rear direction can take a posture extending linearly in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction. A measuring instrument that is positioned in front of the front surface of the object to be measured and is movable in the left-right direction is provided. The distance between the irradiation point and the center in the case of existing above is set to a required value. The measuring device moves to one end side as viewed in the left-right direction, and at one end-side position, a light beam is irradiated backward from the irradiation point of the measuring element in the front-rear direction and reflected by the front surface. Can be measured by the detection unit of the measuring device, and the first distance between the first reflection point on the front surface and the irradiation point can be measured, and the measuring element is located on the other end side in the left-right direction. By moving, and at the other end side position, a light beam is irradiated backward in the front-rear direction from the irradiation point of the probe, and the reflected light reflected by the front surface is detected by the detection unit of the measuring instrument. A second distance between the second reflection point on the front surface and the irradiation point can be measured. When the measured first distance is different from the second distance, the table is rotated by a required angle around the axis, thereby causing the gap between the irradiation point and the front surface at the one end side position. Correction is performed so that the distance in the front-rear direction is equal to the distance in the front-rear direction between the irradiation point and the front surface at the other end side position.

  A fourth aspect of the measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes a table on which an object to be measured is placed, and the table can be rotated around an axis in the vertical direction passing through the center in plan view. The placed object to be measured is formed as a surface that can take a posture in which the front surface positioned in front in the front-rear direction extends linearly in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction. And it is located in the front side of the front surface of the object to be measured and the first measurement having a first measuring element at a point separated by a required distance when viewed in the left-right direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction. And a second measuring device having a second measuring element, a first irradiation point of the first measuring element, a straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the first irradiation point, and the table The distance between the intersection point with the straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table, the second irradiation point of the second probe, the straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the second irradiation point, and the center of the table The distance between the intersection with the straight line passing in the horizontal direction is set to the required same value, or when the two distances are different, the two distances are corrected to be the same value. Has been made. Then, a light beam is irradiated backward from the first irradiation point of the first measuring element in the front-rear direction, and the reflected light reflected by the front surface is detected by the detection unit of the first measuring instrument. A first distance between the first reflection point on the front surface and the first irradiation point can be measured, and a light beam is irradiated backward in the front-rear direction from the second irradiation point of the second probe. The second distance between the second reflection point on the front surface and the second irradiation point can be measured by detecting the reflected light reflected on the front surface with the detection unit of the second measuring device. Has been made. If the measured first distance and the second distance are different, the table is rotated by the required angle around the axis, thereby causing front and back between the first irradiation point and the front surface. The correction is performed so that the directional distance is equal to the longitudinal distance between the second irradiation point and the front surface.

  In each of the above embodiments, the following configuration is preferable. In other words, a front surface positioning portion that is positioned on the front side of the table as viewed in the front-rear direction and can come into contact with the front surface of the object to be measured placed on the table is provided. An adjacent surface positioning portion that is positioned on one end side and can contact with an adjacent surface adjacent to the front surface is provided, and a front-rear direction distance between the front surface positioning portion and a straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table Is set to a required value, and a distance in the left-right direction between the adjacent surface positioning portion and a straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the center of the table is set to a required value, and the object placed on the table is By positioning the front surface and the adjacent surface of the object to be measured in contact with the front surface positioning unit and the adjacent surface positioning unit, the object to be measured can be positioned in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction. Left and right In the moving range of the measuring element for moving, when viewed in a state in which the thus positioned, the front, it is preferable to configure as is in the range between viewed in right and left end.

  In the first aspect, the following configuration is preferable. In other words, the measuring device can be moved up and down on a straight line passing through the center of the table and parallel to the vertical axis, and the lower end of the measuring device is placed on the table. An elevating measurement member that can be touched is provided so as to be able to move up and down. The elevating measurement member is provided with a measurement inclined portion, and the measurement inclined portion is inclined to be directed upward and toward the elevating measurement member side An inclined surface is provided,

  In a state where the elevating measurement member is lowered and the lower end thereof is in contact with the upper surface of the object to be measured on the table, the measuring element of the measuring device is lowered and the contact point is in contact with the measurement inclined surface. In this case, the distance between the measurement contact point and the upper surface of the table is set to a required value, and the distance between the lower end of the elevating measurement member and the measurement contact point is set to a required value. It is better to configure as follows.

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
(1) According to the present invention, it is possible to easily measure even a small variety of products to be measured with relatively high accuracy, and simplify the structure of the measuring device to reduce the manufacturing cost.

(2) In the present invention, in the case of providing a front surface positioning portion capable of contacting the front surface of the object to be measured placed on the table, and also providing an adjacent surface positioning portion capable of contacting the adjacent surface adjacent to the front surface Can perform rough positioning of the object to be measured placed on the table in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction with respect to the center of the table. It is possible to perform fast-forwarding during movement and fast-forwarding during advancement of the probe. In addition, the rotation angle around the axis of the table performed for correction can be further reduced, and the correction time can be shortened, so that the efficiency of measurement can be achieved.

(3) In particular, the measuring device is moved up and down on a straight line parallel to the axis passing through the center of the table, and a measuring inclined portion is provided at an appropriate height, and the measuring device is provided on the inclined surface of the measuring inclined portion. By configuring so that the contact point of the measuring element contacts, the height in the vertical direction of the object to be measured placed on the table can be easily measured.

It is a perspective view showing the case where the measuring device concerning the present invention is applied to a machine tool. It is the side view. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the measuring point of the to-be-measured object by a contact-type measuring apparatus. In the measurement point, it is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the front surface of the to-be-measured object extended in the left-right direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the measuring procedure of the to-be-measured object by a non-contact-type measuring apparatus. In the measurement point, it is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the front surface of the to-be-measured object extended in the left-right direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the measuring procedure of the to-be-measured object by a contact-type measuring apparatus. In the measurement point, it is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the front surface of the to-be-measured object extended in the left-right direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the measuring procedure of the to-be-measured object by a non-contact-type measuring apparatus. In the measurement point, it is explanatory drawing which shows the state which the front surface of the to-be-measured object extended in the left-right direction. It is a front view which shows the structure of an up-and-down holding piece. It is a perspective view which shows a workpiece | work. It is a front view explaining the structure which moves a table to the front-back direction. It is a front view explaining the structure of a table and the structure of an indexing device. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a table, and the structure of an indexing apparatus with a movable stand and a workpiece | work fall prevention plate. It is a top view which shows the table side of a machine tool. It is a front view which shows the table side of a machine tool. It is a fragmentary perspective view explaining the structure of the upper clamping piece. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the upper and lower clamping pieces clamped the workpiece | work. It is a perspective view explaining the structure which moves a lower holding piece up and down. It is a side view which shows the raising position of a lower clamping piece. It is a side view which shows the downward position of a lower clamping piece. It is a side view which shows the state which the table moved forward with the lower holding piece in the lowered position. It is a side view which shows the state which the upper and lower clamping pieces clamped the workpiece | work. It is a top view which shows the positioning state of the workpiece | work in a machine tool. It is a side view which shows the state where the upper and lower holding pieces hold the work and the upper and lower milling cutters are chamfered. It is a front view which shows the movement state in the left-right direction of the moving frame provided with an upper and lower milling cutter. It is a side view of a moving frame. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the movement of the left-right direction of a moving frame. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the up-and-down movement of an upper milling machine. It is the top view and side view explaining the process of measuring a workpiece | work using a contact-type measuring device. It is a top view explaining the process of measuring a workpiece | work using a non-contact type measuring apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the measuring procedure which measures the up-and-down thickness of a to-be-measured object. It is explanatory drawing explaining the measuring point which measures the short side length of a workpiece | work.

  1 and 2 and 24 show a case where the measuring apparatus 1 according to the present invention is applied to a machine tool 5 having a clamping device 3 for clamping a workpiece overhanging portion 2 (FIG. 24). The machine tool 5 performs chamfering with, for example, a milling cutter 6 and includes a table 9 on which an object to be measured (hereinafter also referred to as a workpiece 7a) 7 is placed.

  The table 9 can be rotated about a vertical axis 10 (FIGS. 2 and 13) passing through the center A in plan view and movable in the front-rear direction F1. Further, in front of the table 9, as shown in FIGS. 1-2 and 25, there is a front surface of the work 7a placed on the upper surface 11 of the table 9 (a surface positioned in front in the front-rear direction). A front surface positioning portion 13 that can come into contact with a surface 12 that can be placed in a straight line extending in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction while being placed on the table. Is configured to retreat from the front surface 12 after abutting on the front surface 12 and determining the position of the workpiece 7a in the front-rear direction. Also, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 25, the adjacent surface positioning that can be brought into contact with the adjacent surface 15 adjacent to the front surface 12 by being positioned on the other end side viewed in the left-right direction F2 orthogonal to the front-rear direction F1. A portion 16 is provided.

  Then, the front surface 12 and the adjacent surface 15 of the work 7a placed on the upper surface 11 of the table 9 are brought into contact with the front surface positioning portion 13 and the adjacent surface positioning portion 16, respectively, thereby allowing the table The general positioning of the workpiece 7a with respect to 9 in the front-rear direction F1 and the left-right direction F2 can be performed simultaneously.

  That is, in FIG. 25, the front-rear direction distance La between the front surface positioning portion 13 and the straight line 14 in the left-right direction passing through the center A of the table 9 is set to a required value, and the adjacent surface positioning portion 16 and the The distance Lb in the left-right direction with respect to the straight line 18 in the front-rear direction passing through the center A of the table 9 is set to a required value. In this embodiment, the distance La is set to ½ of the approximate length of the workpiece 7a in the front-rear direction, and the distance Lb is ½ of the approximate length of the workpiece 7a in the left-right direction. Is set to Accordingly, if the approximate length in the front-rear direction and the approximate length in the left-right direction of the workpiece 7a are respectively input to the numerical control means of the measuring apparatus 1, the front surface positioning unit 13 and the adjacent surface positioning unit 16 are moved to the table. 9 is a required arrangement state.

  Accordingly, when the front surface 12 and the adjacent surface 15 of the workpiece 7a placed on the upper surface 11 of the table 9 are brought into contact with the front surface positioning portion 13 and the adjacent surface positioning portion 16, the workpiece Positioning in the front-rear direction F1 and the left-right direction F2 of 7a is performed at the same time, so that the center of the workpiece 7a substantially matches the center of the table. As a result, the workpiece 7a is stably placed on the table 9.

  One embodiment of the measuring apparatus 1 according to the present invention is configured as a contact-type measuring apparatus 1a as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 25, and is provided on the front side of the front surface 12 of the workpiece 7a. The measuring instrument 17 that is positioned and movable in the left-right direction F2 is provided, and the measuring element 19 of the measuring instrument 17 can be relatively advanced toward the front surface 12 in the front-rear direction. In this embodiment, the measuring element 19 has, for example, a roller-shaped contact point 20 at the tip. The contact point 20 is initially at a reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 3, when the contact point 20 of the probe 19 exists on a straight line 18 a in the front-rear direction passing through the center A of the table 9, the contact point 20 at the reference position and the center A Is set to a required value in advance.

  The measuring instrument 17 can move in the left-right direction F2. The movement range is within a range between both ends 12a and 12b when the work 7a is positioned as described above and viewed in the left-right direction of the front surface 12. In the present embodiment, the measuring instrument 17 can move equidistantly with respect to the center A of the table 9 when viewed in the left-right direction. The measuring instrument 17 moves to one end side as viewed in the left-right direction F2, and at one end-side position 22, the measuring element 19 advances in the front-rear direction F1 toward the front surface 12 (relative in the front-rear direction F1). 1) When the contact point 20 of the measuring element 19 contacts the front surface 12, the first contact point 23 in contact with the contact point 20 between the contact point 20 at the reference position and the contact point 20 at the reference position. One distance D1 can be measured.

  Further, the measuring instrument 17 moves to the other end side viewed in the left-right direction F2, and at the other end-side position 25, the measuring element 19 advances toward the front surface 12 in the front-rear direction F1 (front-rear direction). An embodiment in the case of relatively proceeding at F1) When the contact point 20 of the measuring element 19 comes into contact with the front surface 12, the corresponding second contact point 26 and the contact point 20 at the reference position The second distance D2 between them can be measured.

  In this embodiment, since the moving range of the measuring element 19 in the left-right direction F2 is set as described above, the contact point 20 moves away from the front surface 12 when the measuring element 19 advances. There is no risk of swaying.

  When the measured first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are different, the table 9 rotates about the axis 10 by a required angle, so that as shown in FIG. A front-rear direction distance D3 between the contact point 20 at the reference position and the front surface 12 at the position 22, and a position between the contact point 20 at the reference position and the front surface 12 at the other end side position 25. Correction is performed so that the front-rear direction distance D4 is equal.

  Now, consider a case where a chamfering process of a required amount is performed with a milling cutter 6 on the horizontal edge portion 27a (FIG. 10) on the front surface 12 of the work 7a having a rectangular shape in plan view. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the workpiece 7a is placed on the upper surface 11 of the table 9, and in this state, the measuring instrument 17 advances toward the front surface 12 at the one end side position 22, and the first distance is reached. D1 is measured. Thereafter, the measuring instrument 17 moves to the other end side, and at the other end side position 25, the measuring element 19 advances toward the front surface 12 to measure the second distance D2. The first distance D1 and the second distance D2 measured in this way may be different. One reason for the difference will be described as follows.

  In this embodiment, since the machine tool 5 has the front surface positioning portion 13 and the adjacent surface positioning portion 16 as described above, the front surface 12 of the workpiece 7a is used as the front surface positioning portion as shown in FIG. 13 and the adjacent surface 15 is brought into contact with the adjacent surface positioning portion 16, the front surface 12 should be parallel to the left-right direction F <b> 2. However, in actuality, even if the workpiece 7a is accurately brought into contact with the front surface positioning portion 13 and the adjacent surface positioning portion 16, there is a slight rebound after that, or this contact is not effective from the beginning. If it is accurate, the front surface 12 is not exactly parallel to the left-right direction F2. For this reason, the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 may be different.

  When the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are different, the table 9 is rotated by the required angle around the axis 10, so that the reference position at the one end side position 22 is reached as shown in FIG. The front-rear direction distance D3 between the certain contact point 20 and the front surface 12 and the front-rear direction distance D4 between the contact point 20 at the reference position and the front surface 12 at the other end side position 25 are equal. As a result, the extension direction F3 of the front surface 12 becomes parallel to the left-right direction F2. In this state, when the table 9 advances by a required amount, the upper horizontal edge 27a can be chamfered by the milling cutter 6 with the required amount.

  When the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are different, the table 9 rotates about the axis 10 by the required angle θ as described above. It is calculated by the numerical control means that the apparatus 1 has.

  Next, an example of this calculation procedure will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 is an exaggerated illustration of the measurement. A work 7a having a rectangular shape in a plan view is placed on the upper surface 11 of the table 9. FIG. Now, assume that the long side length of the workpiece 7a is L1, the short side length is L2, and the extension direction F3 of the front surface 12 of the workpiece 7a is inclined by θ with respect to the left-right direction F2. The first distance D1 measured by the measuring device 17 is larger than the second distance D2. The moving distance of the measuring instrument 17 in the left-right direction F2 is L3. 3 to 4 show a case where the measuring instrument 17 moves equidistantly with respect to the center A of the table 9 when viewed in the left-right direction F2.

Since the first distance D1 is larger than the second distance D2, when α1 = D1−D2, the θ can be obtained by the following equation.
θ = tan ⁻¹ (α1 / L3)

  Therefore, when the table 9 rotates about the axis 10 by θ, as shown in FIG. 4, the extending direction F3 of the front surface 12 becomes parallel to the left-right direction F2. In this state, when the table 9 advances by a required amount, the upper horizontal edge 27a can be chamfered by the milling cutter 6 with the required amount.

  In this chamfering process, the extension direction F3 (FIG. 3) of the front surface 12 is changed to the left-right direction by rotating the workpiece 7a by 90 degrees by an indexing device 29 (FIG. 14) attached to the machine tool 5. A necessary amount of chamfering can be sequentially performed on the four upper horizontal edges 27a, 27b, 27c, and 27d (FIG. 4) of the workpiece 7a in a state parallel to F2. Here, it is assumed that the table 9 is advanced by D6 (FIG. 4) when the chamfering depth viewed in the front-rear direction F1 is D5. The advance amount D6 is calculated by the numerical control means of the measuring device 1. An example of this calculation procedure will be described with reference to FIGS.

Assuming that the angle formed by the straight line 18b passing through the second contact point 26 in the left-right direction F2 and the straight line 18c connecting the second contact point 26 and the center A of the table is θ1, θ1 is obtained by the following equation. be able to.
θ1 = tan ⁻¹ (α2 / (L3 / 2))

Here, α2 = L4−D2. When the angle formed by the straight line 18a passing through the center A of the table in the front-rear direction F1 and the straight line 18c is θ2, θ2 = 180− (90 + θ1). Accordingly, the length α3 of the straight line 18c connecting the center A and the second contact point 26 can be obtained by the following formula 1.

  As a result, the length α4 of the straight line 18d connecting the center A and the intersection point 8 passing through the center A and orthogonal to the front surface 12 is obtained by α4 = α3 × cos (θ2 + θ).

  In FIG. 4, since the distance L5 between the center A and the cutting edge of the milling cutter 6 is set in advance, the advance amount D6 is obtained by L5-α4 + D5.

  5 to 6 show another embodiment of the measuring apparatus 1 according to the present invention, which is configured as a non-contact type measuring apparatus 1b. The measuring device 1b is different from the measuring device 1a in that a light beam is emitted from the irradiation point 28 of the fixed measuring element 19 which does not move back and forth, instead of the measuring element 19 provided in the measuring instrument 17 which can be moved back and forth. The point is that the light is irradiated in the front-rear direction. In this embodiment, the irradiation point 28 is provided, for example, at the tip of the probe 19. The measuring instrument 17 can move in the left-right direction F2 and moves to one end side of the work 7a as viewed in the left-right direction F2 of the front surface 12. At the one end side position 22, the measuring element 19 of the measuring instrument 17 is moved. A light beam is irradiated backward from the irradiation point 28 in the front-rear direction, and the reflected light reflected by the front surface 12 is detected by a detection unit, whereby the first reflection point 34 on the front surface 12 and the irradiation point 28 are detected. A first distance D1 between them can be measured. Further, the measuring device 17 moves to the other end side of the front surface 12 as viewed in the left-right direction F2, and at the other end side position 25, the light beam is directed backward in the front-rear direction from the irradiation point 28 of the measuring element 19. The second distance D2 between the second reflection point 38 of the front surface 12 and the irradiation point 28 can be measured by detecting the reflected light reflected by the front surface 12 and detected by the detection unit. Yes.

  When the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 measured in this manner are different, the table 9 rotates about the axis 10 by a required angle, so that the one end is shown in FIG. The front-rear direction distance D3 between the irradiation point 28 and the front surface 12 at the side position 22 and the front-rear direction distance D4 between the second irradiation point 28 and the front surface 12 at the other end side position 25 are equal. In this way, correction is performed.

  When chamfering is performed on the workpiece 7a using the measuring apparatus 1b having such a configuration, an example of a procedure for calculating the required angle θ by the numerical control means of the measuring apparatus 1b and the advance amount D6 for chamfering the table 9 An example of the calculation procedure is the same as that described for the contact-type measuring device 1a. Also in this case, since the moving range of the measuring element 19 in the left-right direction F2 is set in the same manner as described above, the light beam irradiated from the irradiation point 28 of the measuring element 19 is off the front surface 12. There is no risk of flying.

  7 to 8 show other embodiments of the contact-type measuring device 1a. The measuring apparatus 1a replaces the above-described configuration in which one measuring instrument 17 moves to one end side and the other end side as viewed in the left-right direction, and performs the first measurement at a point separated from the required distance as viewed in the left-right direction. This shows a case where the first measuring instrument 17a having the probe 19a and the second measuring instrument 17b having the second measuring element 19b are provided in a fixed state. Thus, the first contact point 20a can come into contact with the front surface 12. Further, the second contact 19b can be brought into contact with the front surface 12 by the progress of the second contact 19b. The first contact point 20a of the first probe 19a is initially in the first reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction, and the second contact point 20b of the second probe 19b is Initially, it is at the second reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction, and in the present embodiment, the first reference position and the second reference position are on the same straight line extending in the left-right direction. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the first contact point 20a at the first reference position, the front-rear direction straight line passing through the first contact point 20a, and the center of the table. The distance between the intersection point P1 and the horizontal straight line that passes through, the second contact point 20b at the second reference position, the front-rear straight line passing through the second contact point 20b, and the center of the table The distance from the intersection P2 with the straight line in the left-right direction passing through is set to the same required value. The first measuring instrument 17a acts in the same manner as when the movable measuring instrument 17 is located at the one end side position 22, and the second measuring instrument 17b is the same as the movable measuring instrument 17. The operation is the same as in the case of the other end side position 25.

  9 to 10 show another embodiment of the non-contact type measuring apparatus 1b. The measuring apparatus 1b includes a first measuring instrument 17a having a first measuring element 19a and a second measuring instrument 17b having a second measuring element 19b at points separated from each other when viewed in the left-right direction. The light beam irradiated from the first irradiation point 28a of the first probe 19a is reflected by the front surface 12. FIG. The light beam irradiated from the second irradiation point 28b of the second probe 19b is reflected by the front surface 12. Further, in the present embodiment, the first irradiation point 28a of the first measuring element 19a and the second irradiation point 28b of the second measuring element 19b are the left and right as described with reference to FIG. It is on the same straight line extending in the direction. The first measuring instrument 17a acts in the same manner as when the movable measuring instrument 17 is located at the one end side position 22, and the second measuring instrument 17b is the same as the movable measuring instrument 17. The operation is the same as in the case of the other end side position 25.

  For example, when chamfering is performed on the workpiece 7a using the measuring apparatus having such a configuration, an example of a procedure for calculating the required angle θ by the numerical control means of the measuring apparatus 1 and the advance amount for chamfering the table 9 An example of the calculation procedure of D6 is the same as described above.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the machine tool 5 will be described in detail, and the required chamfering process by the numerical control means of the measuring apparatus 1 will be described.

  1-2, FIG. 11 and FIG. 26, a machine tool 5 according to the present invention includes a table 9 on which a workpiece 7a is placed, and a clamp device 3 disposed on the front side of the table 9 (FIG. 3, FIG. 26). 9, FIG. 26), and a milling cutter 6 disposed on the front side of the table 9 and chamfering the workpiece 7 a, and the clamping device 3 includes a workpiece 7 a placed on the table 9. The upper and lower gripping pieces 32 and 33 for gripping the workpiece projecting portion 2 projecting from the front edge portion 30 of the table 9 from above and below are provided. Then, as shown in FIG. 26, when the upper and lower gripping pieces 32 and 33 grip the workpiece overhanging portion 2, the milling cutter 6 faces the front side of the gripped portion 35 of the workpiece 7a. A chamfering process is performed on the processed part 36 to be formed.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the workpiece 7a has a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a long rectangular shape in the left-right direction F2 in plan view. For example, the length L1 of the long side in plan view is set to 350 mm. The short side length L2 is set to 270 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the upper surface 11 of the table 9 is horizontal, and the table 9 can be rotated as necessary around an axis 10 in the vertical direction passing through the center A in a plan view of the table and is linear. It can be moved in the front-rear direction F1 by the exercise device 37 (FIGS. 1-2).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 13 to 15, the indexing device 29 divides the outer periphery of the work 7 a placed on the upper surface 11 of the table 9 at a required angle in the circumferential direction. A specific configuration of the indexing device 29 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15. A support cylinder body is provided in a support hole 40 penetrating in a vertical direction at a central portion on the front side of a movable base 39 having a rectangular plate shape. 41 is inserted, and the flange portion 42 is placed on the peripheral portion 43 of the support hole 40 while the flange portion 42 provided around the upper end side of the support cylinder 41 is placed on the peripheral portion 43. Are fixed by bolts 45. In this embodiment, the front edge portion 46 of the flange portion 42 is formed as an edge portion of a trapezoidal portion protruding forward.

  As shown in FIGS. 13 to 14, a drive shaft 50 is inserted into a circular insertion hole 49 provided along the axis of the support cylinder 41 with the common axis, and the upper end of the drive shaft 50 is The portion 51 is bolted to the lower portion 52 of the table 9. The upper end portion of the support cylinder 41 is provided with a notch recess 53 concentrically with the axis of the support cylinder 41 in the circumferential direction. A lower ring member 57 of a thrust ball bearing 56 concentric with the notch recess 53 is placed, and the upper surface 60 of the upper ring member 59 supports the lower surface 61 of the table 9 from below. As a result, the table 9 is rotatable about the axis of the drive shaft 50. The drive shaft 50 is supported by a radial ball bearing 62, a thrust ball bearing 63, and a radial ball bearing 65 from the top to the bottom at a required interval when viewed in the vertical direction, and is rotatable about the axis. ing. A motor output shaft 69 that protrudes upward from a control motor 67 such as a servo motor or a stepping motor that can accurately control the rotation angle is connected to a lower end portion 66 of the drive shaft 50 via a speed reducer 70. As shown in FIG. 14, the axis 10 of the table 9, the axis 44 of the drive shaft 50, and the axis 48 of the motor output shaft 69 are aligned in the vertical direction. Further, in order to prevent the table 9 from rotating while the mill 6 is processing the workpiece 7a, a brake device 71 is provided between the lower end portion 66 of the drive shaft 50 and the speed reducer 70. Is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-2, 13, and 16-17, the linear motion device 37 reciprocates the table 9 in the front-rear direction F1 by enabling the movable base 39 to reciprocate in the front-rear direction F1. Sliding members 72, 72 are provided on the lower surface portions of both side portions of the movable base 39 in the left-right direction F2. The sliding members 72, 72 are fixed to the upper ends 76, 76 of the left and right support standing walls 75, 75 erected in the front / rear direction support base 73, and extend in the front / rear direction F 1. It is guided by 77 and can be reciprocated in the front-rear direction. A screw cylinder member 79 is fixed to the lower surface 74 of the movable base 39 as shown in FIG. 17, and the screw cylinder member 79 extends in the extending direction of the guide rails 77 and 77 as shown in FIG. Further, both sides are screwed to a drive screw shaft 80 supported by bearings 78a and 78b. As shown in FIG. 17, the rear end portion 81 of the drive screw shaft 80 and the motor output shaft 83 of a control motor 82 such as a servo motor or a stepping motor disposed below the rear end portion 81 are Are connected to the gears 84 and 88 via a timing belt 94. However, when the drive screw shaft 80 is rotated forward by the control motor 82, the movable table 39 can move forward, and when the drive screw shaft 80 is rotated reversely, the movable table 39 can move backward.

  In this embodiment, the table 9 has a square shape in plan view as shown in FIGS. 15 to 16, and linear edges 85, 85, 85, 85 are formed at an angle of 90 degrees, and the space between adjacent linear edges 85, 85 is formed in an arc shape. Accordingly, the front edge of the table 9 on the side facing the lower gripping piece 33 is formed as a straight edge 85. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, shallow concave portions 86, 86 are provided in front of and behind the upper surface 11 of the table 9, and a vent 89 is formed in the bottom portion 87 of the concave portion 86 in the vertical direction. Is provided. The upper end of the vent hole 89 is opened at the upper surface of the bottom portion 87 and the lower end thereof is connected to an air suction / blowing device (not shown) for sucking or blowing air. The distance between the opposing linear edge portions 85 of the table 9 is set to 132 mm, for example. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 15 to 16, the table 9 surrounds the left and right side portions 9 b and 9 c and the rear side portion 9 d except for the front side portion 9 a and substantially follows the side surface 93 of the flange portion 42. In this state, a work drop prevention plate 95 surrounding the table 9 is provided. As shown in FIG. 15, the workpiece drop prevention plate 95 is provided so as to be lifted from the movable table 39 by four columns 98. The workpiece fall prevention plate 95 provided in this way supports the workpiece from below and prevents the workpiece 7a from falling when the workpiece 7a placed on the table 9 loses its balance and comes off the table 9. .

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 18, the upper holding piece 32 can be moved up and down by an upper lifting device 96, and the workpiece overhanging portion 2 is pressed against the lower holding piece 33 by pressing the workpiece overhanging portion 2. The lower surface is a linear upper holding surface 97 extending in the left-right direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 11, the upper lifting device 96 includes a cylinder 99 that can expand and contract in the vertical direction. The cylinder 99 is composed of a columnar column 68 formed by connecting upper ends 58 and 58 of column members 54 and 54 erected on both sides of the front portion of the front and rear direction support base 73 with a horizontal member 64. It is erected at the central portion in the length direction of the frame member 64. As shown in FIG. 18, the lower end portion 101 of the piston rod 100 of the cylinder 99 is connected to the central portion in the length direction of the upper end portion 104 of the upper gripping piece 32 through a joint 102. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the sliding members 103, 103 provided at both end portions in the left-right direction of the holding piece 32 on the upper side are provided so as to extend in the vertical direction on the inner portions of the support members 54, 54. Guided by the guide rails 105, 105, it can reciprocate in the vertical direction F4.

  However, as the piston rod 100 descends and the cylinder 99 extends, the left and right sliding members 103, 103 are guided by the left and right guide rails 105, 105 as shown by arrows in FIG. As shown in FIG. 19, the upper holding surface 97 as the lower surface of the upper holding piece 32 presses the work projecting portion 2 downward. Further, as the piston rod 100 is raised and the cylinder 99 is contracted, the left and right sliding members 103 and 103 are guided by the left and right guide rails 105 and 105 and can be raised in a stable state.

  On the other hand, the lower holding piece 33 (which can also function as the front positioning portion 13) is a substrate portion extending in the left-right direction F2, as shown in FIGS. 1-2, 11 and 19, in this embodiment. The lower end portion 110 of the upper protruding plate 109 is fixed by a bolt or the like at the center portion 107 in the longitudinal direction 106, and the upper surface thereof is a linear lower holding surface 111 extending in the left-right direction. .

  The lower holding piece 33 having such a configuration can be moved up and down by the lower lifting and lowering device 112, and ascends 113 protruding above the upper surface 11 of the table 9 shown in FIG. 21 and the upper surface shown in FIGS. A lower position 115 lower than 11 and a holding position 117 shown in FIG. 24 where the lower holding surface 111 is in contact with the lower surface 116 of the work 7a can be taken. And the rear surface 118 of the lower gripping piece 33 constitutes the front surface positioning portion 13 and, as shown in FIG. 25, between the front surface positioning portion 13 and the straight line 14 in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table 9. The distance La is set to a required value. The arrangement state of the front surface positioning portion 13 in the front-rear direction F1 can be set by inputting the length L2 of the side 114 (FIG. 12) in the front-rear direction F1 before processing the workpiece 7a to the numerical control means. For example, when the length L2 of the side 114 is approximately 270 mm, if the length of the side 114 is input as 270 mm, the distance La is set to 135 mm, which is half of the length.

  As shown in FIGS. 11, 16, and 20 to 21, the lower lifting device 112 includes sliding members 119 and 119 fixed to both end portions of the substrate portion 106, as shown in FIGS. Guided by guide rails 105 and 105 provided so as to extend in the vertical direction inside 54 and 54, reciprocation is possible in the vertical direction. Further, as shown in FIGS. 20 to 21, the lower ends of the connecting members 120, 120 fixed to both ends of the board portion 106 are rotated around the horizontal axis on the outer surfaces 121, 121 side as viewed in the left-right direction. Engaging rollers 122, 122 are provided.

  The engaging rollers 122 and 122 are inserted into restriction long holes 127 provided in the longitudinally moving sliding plate 126 which is movable in the longitudinal direction by the lower surface 123 being supported by the longitudinal supporting rollers 125 and 125. The upper and lower ends 128 and 129 are fitted in close contact with each other. The restriction long hole 127 is formed as a step-like long hole long in the front-rear direction, and includes a lower step restriction hole 130, a middle step restriction hole 131 located at a position about 4 mm higher than that, and the middle step restriction hole 131. Furthermore, the upper stage regulation hole 132 which exists in about 5 mm upper position is provided. The lower regulation hole 130 and the middle regulation hole 131 are in communication with each other through a downward upward inclined hole 133, and the middle regulation hole 131 and the upper regulation hole 132 communicate with each other through an upward upward inclination hole 135. It is in a state. Further, in the longitudinally engaging plate 126 having such a configuration, the rear portion 136 is disposed behind the longitudinally engaging plate 126 and the joint 140 is provided at the front end of the piston rod 139 of the cylinder 137 that can expand and contract in the longitudinal direction. Are connected to each other.

  However, as shown in FIGS. 21 to 24, when the piston rod 139 moves forward and the cylinder 137 extends, the front and rear moving engagement plate 126 is supported by the front and rear support rollers 125 and 125 in a horizontal state. You can move forward. Further, when the piston rod 139 is retracted and the cylinder 137 is contracted, the longitudinally moving engagement plate 126 is supported by the front and rear support rollers 125 and 125 and can be retracted in a horizontal state.

  22 to 23 show a state in which the cylinder 137 is reduced to the minimum and the engagement roller 122 is positioned in the lower-stage restriction hole 130, and the upper and lower ends 128 and 129 of the engagement roller 122 are the lower-stage restriction holes. It is in close contact with the upper and lower surfaces 143 and 145 of 130. In this state, the lower holding piece 33 exhibits the lowering position 115 where the lower holding surface 111 is located about 4 mm below the lower surface 116 of the workpiece 7a.

  FIG. 24 shows a state in which the cylinder 137 is stretched and the engagement roller 122 is positioned in the middle stage restriction hole 131, and the upper and lower ends 128 and 129 of the engagement roller 122 are the upper and lower surfaces of the middle stage regulation hole 131. 146 and 147 are in close contact. In this state, the lower holding piece 33 exhibits the holding position 117.

  FIG. 21 shows a state in which the cylinder 137 is further extended and the engagement roller 122 is positioned in the upper restriction hole 132, and the upper and lower ends 128 and 129 of the engagement roller 122 are the upper and lower surfaces of the upper restriction hole 132. 149 and 150 are in close contact. In this state, the lower holding piece 33 exhibits the raised position 113 in which the lower holding surface 111 protrudes upward by about 5 mm from the lower surface 116 of the workpiece 7a.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 19, with the lower holding piece 33 in the raised position 113, the work 7a is suspended from the upper surface 11 of the table 9, and the work 7a is advanced on the upper surface 11. The work projecting portion 2 can be formed by bringing the front surface 151 into contact with the upper projecting portion 152 of the lower holding piece 33. When the workpiece 7a is moved in this way, if the air is blown out by the air suction / blowout device, the workpiece 7a, which is a heavy object, can be lifted with air and moved lightly.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 25, the clamping device 3 is positioned on the other surface 15 adjacent to the front surface 12 of the workpiece 7a, positioned on the other end side when viewed in the left-right direction F2. The adjacent surface positioning portion 16 capable of abutting is provided. The adjacent surface positioning portion 16 can move back and forth in the front-rear direction F1, and the arrangement state in the left-right direction F2 inputs the length of the side 156 in the left-right direction F2 before machining the workpiece 7a to the numerical control means. Can be set. For example, when the length L6 of the side 156 is approximately 350 mm, if the length of the side 156 is input as 350 mm, the adjacent surface positioning unit 16 is moved to a moving frame 161 (FIG. 1, FIG. 1) described later in this embodiment. 27) in the right-and-left direction F2 from the center A of the table 9 to the right by 175 mm equal to half the length of the side 156 (the right direction in FIG. 1 and the left direction in FIG. 25). It is set to be automatically placed at the moved position.

  Accordingly, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 25, the front surface 12 of the work 7 a placed on the table 9 and the front gripping piece 33 in the state where the lower holding piece 33 is in the raised position 113. By bringing the adjacent surface 15 into contact with the rear surface 118 of the protruding portion 152 (FIG. 21) of the lower gripping piece 33, that is, the front surface positioning portion 13 and the adjacent surface positioning portion 16 in the protruding state, The rough positioning of the work 7a in the left-right direction F2 and the front-rear direction F1 can be performed simultaneously. The center B of the work 7a and the center A of the table are substantially matched, and the work 7a is stably placed on the table 9. Can be placed.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 22 to 23, the table 9 is moved forward by a required amount as shown by an arrow in FIG. As shown in FIG. 24, the gripping piece 33 is lifted so as to exhibit the gripping position 117 and the upper gripping piece 32 is lowered, whereby the workpiece projecting portion 2 is gripped by the upper and lower gripping pieces 32, 33. It is made so that. When the work overhanging portion 2 is held by the upper and lower holding pieces 32 and 33 in this way, the upper and lower holding pieces 32 and 33 are in the vertically opposed state as long as the work overhanging portion 2 can be held in a stable state. That is not essential. In FIG. 24, the position is slightly shifted due to the arrangement state of other components.

  In the present embodiment, the milling cutter 6 chamfers the edge portion 160 of the workpiece 7a as shown in FIGS. In the present embodiment, the milling cutter 6 is provided above and below a moving frame 161 that can move in the left-right direction F2, as shown in FIG. 28, in order to improve the chamfering efficiency of the workpiece 7a. As shown in FIG. 27, the upper milling cutter 6a can move in the left-right direction F2 and the up-down direction F4, and can move in the left-right direction F2 together with the moving frame 161 by moving the moving frame 161 in the left-right direction F2. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 26, the upper milling edge 6a chamfers the horizontal upper edge 160a (FIG. 12) and the vertical vertical edge 160b (FIG. 12) of the workpiece 7a. Can be applied. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 27, the lower milling cutter 6b can move in the left-right direction F2 but cannot move in the up-down direction F4 due to the movement of the moving frame 161 in the left-right direction F2. The lower horizontal edge 160c (FIG. 12) can be chamfered.

  The moving frame 161 has a box shape as shown in FIG. 1, and is provided on a left-right support stand 162 installed on the front end side of the front-rear direction support stand 73. Then, the lower milling cutter 6b is fixedly provided at the lower part of one side portion (right side portion in FIG. 1) of the moving frame 161 seen in the left-right direction F2 with its rotating shaft protruding rearward. Yes. Further, the adjacent surface positioning portion 16 is provided to be extendable in the front-rear direction F1 on the lower side of the lower milling cutter 6b (outside as viewed in the left-right direction F2).

  The means for moving the moving frame 161 in the left-right direction F2 is configured as shown in FIGS. 1 and 28 to 29, for example. Guided by guide rails 166 and 166 extending in the left-right direction, which are arranged in parallel to the front and rear of the left-right support base 162, can reciprocate in the left-right direction F2. As shown in FIGS. 27 to 29, a screw cylinder member 169 (FIG. 29) is fixed to the lower surface 167 of the moving frame 161, and in the central portion viewed in the front-rear direction of the left-right support base 162, A drive screw shaft 170 extending in the left-right direction is disposed, and both sides of the drive screw shaft 170 are supported by bearings 171 and 171. One end portion (right end portion in FIG. 29) 172 of the drive screw shaft 170 is connected to a motor output shaft 176 of a control motor 175 such as a servo motor or a stepping motor via a joint 173. Then, when the drive screw shaft 170 is rotated forward by the control motor 175, the moving frame 161 can move to the one end side position (for example, the left end side position shown in FIG. 27) 22 in the left-right direction F2. By moving the drive screw shaft 170 in the reverse direction, the moving frame 161 can move to the other end side position (right end side position) 25 in the left-right direction F2.

  The means for moving the upper milling cutter 6a in the vertical direction F4 is configured, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1, 27, 28, and 30, and the other side portion of the moving frame 161 in the left-right direction. Guide rails 182 and 182 extending in the vertical direction are provided on the left and right sides of the vertical lift opening 181 (FIG. 1) opened in the rear surface of 180. The sliding members 185 and 185 provided on both sides of the rear surface of the lifting plate 183 that supports the upper milling cutter 6a are guided by the left and right guide rails 182 and 182 so that the lifting plate 183 can move up and down. Has been made.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 30, the upper milling cutter 6 a has a screw cylinder member 189 fixed to the outer peripheral surface 187 of the protective cylinder portion 186, and the moving frame 161 has a vertical direction. An extending drive screw shaft 190 is supported by upper and lower bearings 191 and 192 and is rotatable about a vertical axis. The screw cylinder member 189 is screwed to the drive screw shaft 190. A motor output shaft 197 of a control motor 196 such as a servo motor or a stepping motor is connected to one end portion (upper end portion in FIG. 28) 192 of the drive screw shaft 190 via a joint 195. However, when the drive screw shaft 191 is rotated forward by the control motor 196, the elevating plate 183 can move in one of the vertical directions (downward in FIG. 28), and the drive When the screw shaft 190 is reversely rotated, the lifting plate 183 can move upward.

  Next, an operation process of chamfering the workpiece 7a on the table 9 with the upper and lower milling cutters 6a and 6b using the machine tool 5 having such a configuration will be described.

  First, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the work 7 a is suspended from the upper surface 11 of the table 9 in a state where the table 9 is separated behind the upper and lower gripping pieces 32 and 33. This work can be easily suspended because there is no obstacle on the upper side of the table 9. When the workpiece 7a thus suspended from the upper surface 11 of the table is roughly positioned as described above with reference to FIGS. 21 and 25, the workpiece overhanging portion 2 is formed as shown in FIG. The Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 24, the workpiece overhanging portion 2 is clamped by upper and lower clamping pieces 32, 33 to clamp the workpiece 7a. Prior to the clamping, the workpiece is positioned using the measuring apparatus 1 (FIG. 1) so that the front surface 12 of the workpiece 7a is correctly parallel to the left-right direction (the horizontal movement direction of the milling cutter 6) F2. .

  In the present embodiment, the measuring device 1 is configured, for example, as a contact-type measuring device 1a. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 25, the measuring device 1a is provided on the left end side of the moving frame 161 (the left end side in FIG. 1 and the right end side in FIG. 25). A rod-shaped measuring element 19 provided in the protective cylinder 199 is accommodated in the protective cylinder 199. The measuring element 19 can be moved back and forth in the front-rear direction F1 by expansion and contraction of the cylinder 200. From the state of being most retracted (in the reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction) as shown by the broken line in FIG. As indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, it can travel (protrude) in the range of, for example, 50 mm with respect to the front surface 12 beyond the tip 201 of the upper milling cutter 6a. The measuring apparatus 1a having such a configuration can move in the left-right direction by moving the moving frame 161 in the left-right direction F2. The range of movement of the measuring device 1a in the left-right direction is within the range between the both ends 12a, 12b of the front surface 12 as viewed in the left-right direction when the workpiece 7a is positioned as described above. Set by means.

  Here, the workpiece positioning process by the measuring apparatus 1a will be described. In the state where the adjacent surface positioning portion 16 is shown in FIG. 30 and retracted as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 25 and the lower holding piece 33 is in the lowered position 115 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 31A, the measuring element 19 moves to one end side position 22 (for example, the right end side position shown in FIG. 31) of the workpiece 7a as viewed in the left-right direction of the front surface 12, and the one end At a side position 22 (for example, a position 20 to 30 mm from the one end 12a of the front surface 12 and enters inside) 22 and at a position 2 to 3 mm above the lower surface 116 of the workpiece 7a, for example, as shown in FIG. At the position, the probe 19 advances toward the front surface 12. The contact point 20 of the measuring element 19 is brought into contact with the front surface 12 as shown by a one-dot chain line on the right side of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the first distance D1 between the contact point 20 of the probe 19 in the retracted state (in the reference position) and the front surface 12 can be measured.

  Thereafter, the measuring element 19 is retracted as shown by a broken line in FIGS. 25 and 31, and the other end side position of the front surface 12 (the left end shown in FIG. 31) is shown by a solid line in FIG. Side position) 25. At the other end side position 25 (for example, a position 20 to 30 mm from the other end 12b of the front surface 12 and inside), for example, at a position 2 to 3 mm above the lower surface 116 of the workpiece 7a, the measuring element 19 is Proceed toward the front surface 12. When the contact point 20 of the measuring element 19 abuts on the front surface 12 as shown by a solid line in FIG. 31A, the contact point 20 of the measuring element 19 in the retracted state (in the reference position) and the front surface 12 Can be measured.

  In this embodiment, the contact position of the measuring element 19 with respect to the front surface 12 is set 2 to 3 mm above the lower surface 116 of the work 7a when the minimum thickness of the work 7a is set to 4 mm. This is because the workpiece 7a can be measured. The height from the lower surface 116 is set only in relation to the minimum thickness of the workpiece 7a, and is basically determined by the relationship with the thickness of the workpiece to be machined by the machine tool 5.

  When the measured first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are the same, the front surface 12 is correctly parallel to the moving direction of the measuring instrument 17 (left-right direction F2). When the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are different from each other, the table 9 is rotated around the axis 10 by the control motor 67 of the indexing device 29 as described above. Thereby, the front-rear direction distance between the contact point 20 at the reference position and the front surface 12 at the one end side position 22, and the contact point 20 and the front surface at the reference position at the other end side position 25. Correction is performed so that the distance in the front-rear direction with respect to 12 is equal. By this correction, the front surface 12 becomes a parallel shape 7 that is correct to the left-right direction (the horizontal movement direction of the milling cutter 6a) F2. This correction is performed as required by the numerical control means of the measuring apparatus 1 as described with reference to FIGS.

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the positioning portion 13 that can come into contact with the front surface 12 of the workpiece 7 a placed on the table 9 is provided, and also comes into contact with the adjacent surface 15 adjacent to the front surface 12. Since the adjacent surface positioning portion 16 to be obtained is provided, the workpiece 7a placed on the table 9 can be roughly positioned with respect to the center A of the table 9 in the front-rear direction F1 and the left-right direction F2. it can. Accordingly, the measuring instrument 17 can be fast-forwarded when moving in the left-right direction and the measuring element 19 can be fast-forwarded during the measurement. Further, the rotation angle around the axis 10 of the table 9 performed for the correction can be made smaller, the correction time can be shortened, and the efficiency of measurement can be achieved.

  After the workpiece 7a is positioned in this manner, the table 9 is advanced by a required amount (for example, about 10 to 20 mm) as shown in FIG. 23 in consideration of the size (depth) of chamfering. This advance amount is calculated as required by the numerical control means as described with reference to FIG. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 24, the workpiece overhanging portion 2 is clamped by the upper and lower clamping pieces 32, 33, whereby the workpiece 7a is clamped. In the workpiece clamping state, for example, as shown in FIG. 26, the upper and lower milling cutters 6a and 6b chamfer the edge portion 160.

  In the present embodiment, the upper milling cutter 6a can move not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction, so that the chamfering process can be performed on the horizontal edge 160a (FIG. 12) in the horizontal direction. In addition, chamfering can also be performed on the vertical edge 160b (FIG. 12) in the vertical direction. The size (depth) of chamfering when chamfering is performed on the horizontal edge 160a on the workpiece 7a by the upper milling cutter 6a depends on, for example, the initial setting of the vertical movement amount of the upper milling cutter 6a. Alternatively, it can be determined by the initial setting of the amount of movement of the table 9 in the front-rear direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 26, the lower milling cutter 6b can be chamfered on the lower horizontal edge 160c (FIG. 12). The size (depth) of the chamfering is, for example, the above table. 9 can be determined by the initial setting of the amount of movement in the front-rear direction. In addition, the magnitude | size (depth) of the chamfering of each part can also be varied.

  The measuring device 1 according to the present invention can also be configured as a measuring device 1b composed of a non-contact photoelectric device. That is, in the machine tool 5 according to the present invention, in the same manner as described above, the lower holding piece 33 (the front surface 118 is the front surface positioning portion 13) is in the state where the raised position 113 (FIG. 21) is exhibited. When the work 7a placed on the table 9 is advanced and the front surface 12 of the work 7a is brought into contact with the front surface positioning portion 13 and the adjacent surface positioning portion 16, the work overhanging portion 2 is the same as described above. Is formed. Thereafter, the lower holding piece 33 is set to exhibit the lowered position 115 (FIG. 22). In this state, the measuring element 19 of the measuring device (photoelectric device) 17 that can move in the left-right direction is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the workpiece 7a moves to the one end side position 22 seen in the left-right direction of the front surface 12. Then, at the one end side position 22, the detector 17 of the measuring instrument 17 detects the reflected light that is irradiated backward at the irradiation point 28 of the probe 19 in the front-rear direction and reflected by the front surface 12. For example, the first distance D1 between the irradiation point 28 and the front surface 12 can be measured by a triangular method.

  Further, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 32, the measuring element 19 moves to the other end side position 25 as viewed in the left-right direction of the front surface 12 of the workpiece 7a. In the same manner, the detection unit detects the reflected light that is emitted from 19 irradiation points 28 toward the rear in the front-rear direction and reflected by the front surface 12, so that the distance between the irradiation point 28 and the front surface 12 is the same. The second distance D2 can be measured. When the measured first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are different, the table 9 is rotated by the required amount around the axis 10 in the same manner as described above, whereby the one end side position 22 is obtained. The distance in the front-rear direction between the irradiation point 28 at the reference position and the front surface 12 and the distance in the front-rear direction between the irradiation point 28 at the reference position and the front surface 12 at the other end side position 25. Are corrected so as to be equal.

  Thereafter, in the same manner as described above, the table 9 is advanced by a required amount, and the workpiece projecting portion 2 is clamped by the upper and lower clamping pieces 32, 33, whereby the workpiece 7a is clamped. In the workpiece clamp state, the milling cutter 6 chamfers the edge portion 160 in the same manner as described above.

  After the required chamfering processing on one processing surface (front surface) of the workpiece 7a is completed, the holding state by the upper and lower holding pieces 32, 33 is released. In this state, the table 9 is rotated by 90 degrees, so that the upper and lower edges of the new processing surface can be chamfered. The measurement device 1 performs measurement as described above by sequentially rotating 90 degrees in the same direction. Thereafter, correction as described above is performed as necessary, and the workpiece overhanging portion 2 is held by the upper and lower holding pieces 32 and 33 in the same manner as described above, and thereafter, the front surface 12 is subjected to required chamfering. . Thus, the required chamfering can be performed on all four surfaces. When rotating 90 degrees in this way, in order to improve the stability of the work 7a during rotation, the work 7a is fixed to the table 9 by vacuum suction by air suction of the air suction / blowing device. Good. In particular, when a large workpiece 7a is fixed to the table 9, it is possible to further firmly fix the table 9 by a magnetic adsorption action by a magnetic adsorption device (not shown).

  The present invention is by no means limited to those shown in the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various design changes can be made within the scope of the claims. One example is as follows.

(1) When the measuring device 1 is configured as a contact-type measuring device 1a, in the embodiment, the measuring element 19 advances toward the front surface 12, and the contact point 20 of the measuring element 19 is By contacting the front surface 12, the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 between the contact point 20 and the front surface 12 are measured. Is moved to a fixed state, and the table 9 is advanced relative to the fixed measuring element 19 (that is, the measuring element 19 is relatively advanced in the front-rear direction F1). The first distance D1 and the second distance D2 can be measured by contacting the front surface 12. In short, it is only necessary that the distance between the center A of the table 9 and the contact point 20 or the irradiation point 28 of the measuring element 19 can be changed. Alternatively, the advance of the probe 19 and the advance of the table 9 can be combined. Such a configuration is particularly preferable when the travel stroke of the measuring element 19 becomes too large or when the travel stroke is insufficient.

(2) When the first measuring device 17a and the second measuring device 17b are provided in a fixed state in the contact-type measuring device 1a, the first contact point 20a at the first reference position; The distance between the intersection P1 (FIG. 7) between the straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the first contact point 20a and the straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table, and the second contact at the second reference position. If the distance between the point 20b and the intersection point P2 (FIG. 7) between the straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the second contact point 20b and the straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table differs, Is corrected by the numerical control means so that the values are the same. If correction is performed in this way, the value of α1 in the calculation procedure described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 4 can be obtained in the same manner as described above.
The same applies to the case where the first measuring device 17a and the second measuring device 17b are provided in a fixed state in the non-contact type measuring apparatus 1b.

(3) The measuring apparatus 1 according to the present invention allows the measuring device 17 to move up and down on a straight line parallel to the vertical axis passing through the center of the table, for example, an object to be measured as the workpiece 7a. 7 can be measured.
For example, as shown in FIG. 33, as one mode for that purpose, as shown in FIG. 33, the front face 206 of the lift measurement member 205 having the same configuration as the above-described gripping piece 32 can be lifted and directed upward and toward the lift measurement member side. Suppose that the measurement inclination part 208 provided with the measurement inclination surface 207 which inclines toward is provided. Now, assume that the elevation measuring member 205 is lowered and the lower end 209 is in contact with the upper surface 210 of the object 7 to be measured on the table 9. In this state, the measurement contact point 211 when the probe 19 of the measuring instrument 17 descends from the position above the measurement inclined portion 208 and the contact point 20 contacts the measurement inclined surface 207. And a distance between the lower end 209 of the elevation measuring member 205 and the measurement contact point 211 where the contact point 20 contacts the measurement inclined surface 207. If the distance H2 is set in advance, the height in the vertical direction of the DUT 7 can be obtained by H1-H2. The measurement inclined portion 208 may be provided regardless of the elevation measuring member 205 if the distance H1 between the measurement contact point 211 and the upper surface 11 of the table 9 is set to a required value in advance. it can.

(4) FIG. 34 shows a state in which the table 9 is rotated 180 degrees around the axis 10 from the state shown in FIG. 3, and the center A of the table is passed through the center A in the same manner as described above. Further, the length α4 ′ of the straight line 18h connecting the front surface (the surface located on the rear side in FIG. 3) 12 and the intersecting point 212 orthogonal to each other is obtained. Therefore, the short side length L2 of the workpiece 7a is accurately measured as the total length of α4 and α4 ′. Similarly, the long side length L1 of the workpiece 7a can be accurately measured. By measuring L1 and L2, for example, it is possible to confirm whether or not the object to be measured has been finished to the required dimensions before shipping a workpiece that has been processed in a predetermined manner.

(5) In the above embodiment, the case where the measuring device 17 moves equidistantly with respect to the center A of the table 9 when viewed in the left-right direction F2 is shown. The amount of movement viewed in the left-right direction F2 with respect to the center A may be different. In this case, for example, if the movement distance of the measuring instrument 17 to move in one direction as viewed in the left-right direction F2 from the center A is set in advance, the numerical control means can turn the table 9 around the axis 10. The required angle θ can be calculated.

(6) The front surface positioning portion 13 can be configured by the lower holding piece 33 and can be brought into contact with the front surface 12 of the device under test 7 by descending downward from the upper position of the device under test 7. It is possible to perform rough positioning of the object to be measured 7 in the front-rear direction F1, such as a thing that can be brought into contact with the front surface 12 of the object to be measured 7 by projecting from the side position toward the object to be measured 7. Various configurations that can be brought into contact with the front surface 12 can be employed.

(7) The measuring device according to the present invention may be configured not to include the front surface positioning unit 13 and the adjacent surface positioning unit 16.

(8) The measuring apparatus according to the present invention can perform required measurements on various objects to be measured other than the object to be measured 7 as the workpiece.

(9) In addition to the above-described chamfering, the machine tool includes milling of the entire side surface of the workpiece, drilling, grooving such as vertical grooving, tapping, polishing, punching, etc. Various types of machining that can be performed on the workpiece of the workpiece 7a can be performed.

(10) When the machining is a chamfering process, the number of the milling cutters 6a may be only one of the movable milling cutters 6a as well as two as described above. Even when the number of the milling cutter 6 is one, the chamfering process can be performed on the upper, lower, left and right edges of the front surface 12 of the workpiece 7a by the moving operation of the milling cutter 6.

(11) The table 9 may be configured to have a circular shape or other shapes in a plan view in addition to a rectangular shape in a plan view.

(12) The object to be measured 7 according to the present invention is placed on the table 9, and the front surface positioned in front in the front-rear direction extends linearly in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction. As long as it has a surface that can take a posture, it is not specified as a rectangular shape in a plan view, but in a plan view, a polygonal shape such as a square shape, a hexagonal shape, an octagonal shape, a trapezoidal shape, a rhombus shape, etc. In addition to those exhibiting, a form having a side formed by a combination of a curved side such as an arc and a straight side may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Measuring apparatus 2 Work overhang part 3 Clamping apparatus 5 Machine tool 6 Milling machine 7 Measured object 7a Workpiece 9 Table 10 Axis 11 Upper surface 12 Front surface 13 Front surface positioning part 15 Adjacent surface 16 Adjacent surface positioning part 17 Measuring device 19 Measuring element 20 Contact point 22 One end side position 23 First contact point 25 Other end side position 26 Second contact point 28 Irradiation point 32 Upper gripping piece 33 Lower gripping piece 34 First reflection point 38 Second reflection point 205 Elevating measurement member 207 Measurement inclined surface 208 Measurement inclined member 211 Measurement contact point D1 1st distance D2 2nd distance F1 Front-rear direction F2 Left-right direction

Claims (6)

A table on which the object to be measured is placed is provided, and the table can be rotated around an axis in the vertical direction passing through the center in plan view, and the object to be measured placed on the table is The front surface that is located in front is formed as a surface that can take a posture extending linearly in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction,
A measuring instrument that is positioned in front of the front surface of the object to be measured and is movable in the left-right direction is provided, and the contact point of the measuring element of the measuring instrument is initially set to a reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction. Yes, the distance between the contact point at the reference position and the center when the contact point exists on a straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the center of the table is set to a required value,
The measuring instrument moves to one end side as viewed in the left-right direction, and at the one end side position, the measuring element relatively advances in the front-rear direction toward the front surface, and the contact point of the measuring element is the table. By contacting the front surface of the object to be measured above, the first distance between the corresponding first contact point and the contact point at the reference position can be measured,
The measuring instrument moves to the other end side as viewed in the left-right direction, and at the other end side position, the measuring element advances relatively in the front-rear direction toward the front surface, and the contact point of the measuring element is By contacting the front surface of the object to be measured on the table, a second distance between the corresponding second contact point and the contact point at the reference position can be measured.
When the measured first distance and the second distance are different, the table is rotated by a required angle around the axis, whereby the contact point at the reference position and the front surface at the one end side position Correction is performed so that the front-rear distance between the contact point at the other end side position and the front-rear distance between the contact point at the reference position and the front surface are equal. Characteristic measuring device. A table on which the object to be measured is placed is provided, and the table can be rotated around an axis in the vertical direction passing through the center in plan view, and the object to be measured placed on the table is The front surface that is located in front is formed as a surface that can take a posture extending linearly in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction,
A first measuring instrument having a first probe at a position that is located on the front side of the front surface of the object to be measured and that is separated by a required distance when viewed in the left-right direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction; A second measuring device having a second probe, and the first contact point of the first probe is initially at a first reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction, The second contact point of the second probe is initially at the second reference position when viewed in the front-rear direction,
A distance between a first contact point at the first reference position and an intersection of a front-rear straight line passing through the first contact point and a left-right straight line passing through the center of the table; The distance between the second contact point at the reference position and the intersection of the straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the second contact point and the straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table is the same value as required. Or when the two distances are different, the two distances are corrected so as to have the same value.
When the first probe moves relatively in the front-rear direction toward the front surface and the first contact point of the first probe contacts the front surface of the object to be measured on the table. The first distance between the corresponding first contact point and the first contact point at the first reference position can be measured, and the second measuring element is directed in the front-rear direction toward the front surface. And the second contact point of the second measuring element comes into contact with the front surface of the object to be measured on the table, and the corresponding second contact point and the second reference point. A second distance between the second contact point in position can be measured,
When the measured first distance and the second distance are different, the table is rotated by a required angle around the axis, whereby the first contact point at the first reference position and the front surface Correction is performed so that the front-rear distance between the second contact point and the front surface at the second reference position is equal to the front-rear distance between the front and rear. Measuring device. A table on which the object to be measured is placed is provided, and the table can be rotated around an axis in the vertical direction passing through the center in plan view, and the object to be measured placed on the table is The front surface that is located in front is formed as a surface that can take a posture extending linearly in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction,
A measuring instrument is provided that is positioned in front of the front surface of the object to be measured and can move in the left-right direction, and the irradiation point of the measuring element of the measuring instrument is on a straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the center of the table. The distance between the irradiation point and the center in the case where it exists is set to a required value,
The measuring device moves to one end side as viewed in the left-right direction, and at one end-side position, a light beam is irradiated backward from the irradiation point of the measuring element in the front-rear direction and reflected by the front surface. And the first distance between the first reflection point on the front surface and the irradiation point can be measured by detecting by the detector of the measuring instrument,
The probe moves to the other end side seen in the left-right direction, and at the other end side position, a light beam is irradiated backward from the irradiation point of the probe in the front-rear direction and reflected by the front surface. The second distance between the second reflection point on the front surface and the irradiation point can be measured by detecting the reflected light with the detection unit of the measuring device,
When the measured first distance and the second distance are different, the table is rotated by a required angle around the axis, so that the front-rear position between the irradiation point and the front surface at the one end side position is increased. The measuring apparatus is characterized in that the correction is performed so that the directional distance is equal to the longitudinal distance between the irradiation point and the front surface at the other end side position. A table on which the object to be measured is placed is provided, and the table can be rotated around an axis in the vertical direction passing through the center in plan view, and the object to be measured placed on the table is It is formed as a surface that can take a posture in which the front surface that is located in front is linearly extended in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction,
A first measuring instrument having a first probe at a position that is located on the front side of the front surface of the object to be measured and that is separated by a required distance when viewed in the left-right direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction; A second measuring device having a second probe is provided,
A distance between a first irradiation point of the first probe and an intersection of a straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the first irradiation point and a straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table; The distance between the second irradiation point of the stylus and the intersection of the straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the second irradiation point and the straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table is set to the same required value. Or when the two distances are different, the two distances are corrected so as to have the same value.
A light beam is irradiated from the first irradiation point of the first measuring element backward in the front-rear direction, and the reflected light reflected by the front surface is detected by the detection unit of the first measuring instrument, thereby detecting the front surface. A first distance between the first reflection point and the first irradiation point can be measured, and a light beam is irradiated backward in the front-rear direction from the second irradiation point of the second probe. A second distance between the second reflection point on the front surface and the second irradiation point can be measured by detecting the reflected light reflected on the front surface with the detection unit of the second measuring device. And
When the measured first distance and the second distance are different, the table is rotated by a required angle around the axis, thereby causing a longitudinal distance between the first irradiation point and the front surface. And the correction is performed so that the distance in the front-rear direction between the second irradiation point and the front surface is equal.   A front positioning part that is positioned on the front side of the table as viewed in the front-rear direction and can come into contact with the front surface of the object to be measured placed on the table is provided, and one end viewed in the left-right direction An adjacent surface positioning portion that is positioned on the side and can contact an adjacent surface adjacent to the front surface is provided, and a front-rear direction distance between the front surface positioning portion and a straight line in the left-right direction passing through the center of the table is The left and right direction distance between the adjacent surface positioning portion and the straight line in the front-rear direction passing through the center of the table is set to a required value and is set to the required value, and the measured object placed on the table By positioning the front surface and the adjacent surface of the object in contact with the front surface positioning portion and the adjacent surface positioning portion, the object to be measured can be positioned in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction. direction The moving range of the moving probe is within the range between the both ends of the front surface as viewed in the left-right direction when viewed in such a positioned state. A measuring device according to the above. The measuring device can move up and down on a straight line passing through the center of the table and parallel to the vertical axis, and the lower end can come into contact with the upper surface of the object to be measured placed on the table. An elevating measurement member is provided so as to be able to move up and down, and the elevating measurement member is provided with a measurement inclined portion, and the measurement inclined portion is inclined toward the upper and lower measuring member side. Is provided,
In a state where the elevating measurement member is lowered and the lower end thereof is in contact with the upper surface of the object to be measured on the table, the measuring element of the measuring device is lowered and the contact point is in contact with the measurement inclined surface. In this case, the distance between the measurement contact point and the upper surface of the table is set to a required value, and the distance between the lower end of the elevating measurement member and the measurement contact point is set to a required value. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1.

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