JP2012102637A - Abnormality determining device and abnormality determining method of reducing agent injection valve, and exhaust emission control device of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an abnormality determining device and abnormality determining method of a reducing agent injection valve which can accurately discriminate a fixed open state or fixed close state of the reducing agent injection valve, and an exhaust emission control device of an internal combustion engine.SOLUTION: An abnormality determining device of a reducing agent injection valve for detecting fixing abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve in an abnormality determining device which comprises a storage tank, a pump for pressure-feeding the reducing agent, a reducing agent injection valve for injecting the reducing agent into an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, a reducing agent passage for connecting the pump and reducing agent injection valve, and a pressure sensor for detecting pressure in the reducing agent passage, is provided with an abnormality detecting means for detecting malfunction of a valve element in the reducing agent injection valve, a depressurization processing control means for subjecting the inside of the reducing agent passage to the depressurization processing, and a fixing discrimination means for discriminating whether the malfunction of the valve element is caused by the fixed open state or fixed close state by using a pressure value detected by the pressure sensor after starting depressurization processing.

Description

  The present invention relates to a reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device and abnormality determination method for detecting a sticking abnormality occurring in a reducing agent injection valve that injects a reducing agent for purifying nitrogen oxide in exhaust gas into an exhaust pipe, and The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine.

Conventionally, as one aspect of an exhaust purification device that removes nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as “NO _X ”) in exhaust exhausted from an internal combustion engine, an NO _X purification catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage, and an aqueous urea solution and a reducing agent in the liquid, such as unburned fuel and a reducing agent supply device for injecting upstream of the NO _X purification catalyst device has been put into practical use.

  A reducing agent supply device used in such an exhaust purification device includes a storage tank that stores a liquid reducing agent, a pump that sucks and pumps the reducing agent in the storage tank, and injects the reducing agent to be pumped into the exhaust pipe. And a reducing agent injection valve. Among these, the reducing agent injection valve is attached so that the injection hole faces the exhaust pipe, and the reducing agent is directly injected into the exhaust pipe.

  Here, when a urea aqueous solution is used as the reducing agent, the urea aqueous solution is adjusted to a concentration (for example, 32.5% concentration, freezing point≈−11 ° C.) at which the freezing point becomes the lowest so that it does not freeze even in a cold region. Used. However, when the concentration increases due to evaporation of the solvent in the urea aqueous solution, the freezing point increases, and the urea aqueous solution is likely to coagulate. Solidification of the urea aqueous solution may cause open sticking in which the nozzle hole remains open and cannot be closed, and closed sticking in which the nozzle hole remains closed.

  Regardless of the type of reducing agent, fine particles such as soot contained in the exhaust enter the reducing agent injection valve through the nozzle hole, and adhere to the sliding part or seating part of the valve body, In some cases, the above-described open sticking or closed sticking may occur.

In the reducing agent injection valve, the injection control is performed based on the commanded injection amount obtained by calculation in accordance with the flow rate of NO _X discharged from the internal combustion engine. If this occurs, the reducing agent equivalent to the command injection amount may not be injected even though the reducing agent injection valve is controlled according to the command injection amount.

As a result, for example, when the reducing agent injection valve is in an open fixed state, the reducing agent supplied into the exhaust pipe becomes excessive, and the reducing agent flows out downstream of the catalyst, It will adhere directly to the inner surface of the exhaust pipe. On the other hand, when the reducing agent injection valve is in the closed and fixed state, the reducing agent supplied into the exhaust pipe is insufficient, and the NO _X reduction efficiency is reduced.

  As a diagnostic device for detecting sticking of the valve body of such a reducing agent injection valve, a highly accurate normal determination is performed on the reducing agent injection valve regardless of the presence or absence of fuel injection, and the reducing agent injection valve is in an open fixing state. However, there has been proposed a diagnostic apparatus that prevents a normal determination from being made. Specifically, it is determined that the reducing agent adherence possibility determining means for determining the possibility of attachment of the reducing agent in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine and the reducing agent adherence possibility determining means are highly likely to adhere the reducing agent. If this is the case, an internal combustion engine reducing agent addition valve diagnostic device is provided that includes normal determination prohibiting means for prohibiting normal determination of the addition valve (reducing agent injection valve) based on the actually measured air / fuel ratio detected by the air / fuel ratio sensor. (See Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-169770 A (full text, full figure)

  Here, when a sticking abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve occurs, a response to be taken thereafter differs depending on whether the sticking is open sticking or closed sticking. For example, when the reducing agent injection valve is in a closed and fixed state, the reducing agent does not leak into the exhaust pipe even if the drive of the pump is maintained, but the reducing agent injection valve is in an open and fixed state. In such a case, it is necessary to stop the driving of the pump because the reducing agent drips if the driving of the pump is maintained. Therefore, it is desired to be able to discriminate open sticking or closed sticking when detecting the sticking abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve.

  Although it may be possible to apply a device that diagnoses the presence or absence of clogging or leakage that occurs in the reducing agent injection valve in order to determine the sticking abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve, most of them are in a state where the reducing agent is pressurized By opening and closing the reducing agent injection valve and observing the pressure change of the reducing agent, the presence or absence of clogging abnormality or leakage abnormality is diagnosed. Therefore, if the reducing agent injection valve is in an open and fixed state, the reducing agent will flow down into the exhaust pipe during diagnosis.

  In view of such a problem, the inventor of the present invention detects such a problem by detecting a sticking abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve using a pressure value detected by the pressure sensor in a state where the inside of the reducing agent passage is decompressed. The present invention has been completed. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to determine the abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve that can accurately determine whether the reducing agent injection valve is in an open fixed state or a closed fixed state when a malfunction of the valve body of the reducing agent injection valve occurs. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus, an abnormality determination method, and an exhaust purification device for an internal combustion engine.

  According to the present invention, a storage tank that contains a liquid reducing agent, a pump that pumps the reducing agent, a reducing agent injection valve that injects the reducing agent pumped by the pump into the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine, and a pump. A reducing agent for detecting a sticking abnormality of a reducing agent injection valve in a reducing agent supply device comprising a reducing agent passage connecting the reducing agent injection valve and a pressure sensor for detecting pressure in the reducing agent passage. In the injection valve abnormality determination device, an abnormality detecting means for detecting a malfunction of the valve body in the reducing agent injection valve, a pressure reducing process control means for reducing the pressure in the reducing agent passage, and a pressure sensor detected after the start of the pressure reducing process. And a sticking judgment means for judging whether the malfunction of the valve body is caused by open sticking or closed sticking using a pressure value, and a reducing agent injection valve abnormality judging device comprising: Up It is possible to solve the problem.

  That is, according to the reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device of the present invention, the sticking state of the reducing agent injection valve is determined using the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor after the start of the pressure reducing process in the reducing agent passage. Is called. Therefore, when the reducing agent injection valve is stuck in an open state, the pressure value in a state where gas is sucked into the reducing agent passage via the reducing agent injection valve is detected. On the other hand, when the closed state of the reducing agent injection valve is generated, the pressure value in a state where no gas is sucked into the reducing agent passage is detected. Since there is a significant difference between these pressure values, according to the present invention, the fixed state of the reducing agent injection valve can be determined accurately and easily.

  In addition, according to the abnormality determining device for the reducing agent injection valve of the present invention, since the sticking state is determined in a state where the reducing agent passage is decompressed, the reducing agent is placed in the exhaust pipe during the determination. It can be prevented from leaking.

  Furthermore, when a return passage having a relief valve that returns the reducing agent to the storage tank when the pressure in the reducing agent passage increases excessively is connected to the reducing agent passage, during the decompression process in the reducing agent passage, Since the relief valve is in a closed state, an erroneous determination due to the state of the relief valve is prevented.

  Further, in configuring the abnormality determining device for the reducing agent injection valve according to the present invention, the sticking determining means opens and sticks when the pressure value after the lapse of a predetermined period after starting the pressure reducing process is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value. On the other hand, it is preferable to discriminate closed adhesion when it is less than the threshold value.

  In the present invention, the pressure value detected in a state where the pressure in the reducing agent passage is stable is determined by comparing the pressure value after the lapse of a predetermined period from the start of the decompression process with the threshold value to determine the fixed state. As a result, the fixed state of the reducing agent injection valve can be accurately determined.

  Further, in configuring the reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device of the present invention, it is preferable to perform the determination of open fixation or closed fixation when the internal combustion engine is stopped.

  In the present invention, by determining the fixed state of the reducing agent injection valve when the internal combustion engine is stopped, it is possible to determine the fixed state while reducing the pressure in the reducing agent passage together with the purge process executed when the internal combustion engine is stopped. It can be performed.

  Further, when configuring the reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device of the present invention, the pump is driven and controlled by feedback control using a deviation between the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor and the target value of the pressure in the reducing agent passage. Therefore, it is preferable that the abnormality detection means detects the malfunction of the valve body by comparing the control parameter of the reducing agent injection valve with the control parameter of the pump.

  In the present invention, as a method of detecting a malfunction of the valve body in advance, a method of comparing the control parameter of the reducing agent injection valve with the control parameter of the pump is adopted, so that the valve is executed while executing normal reducing agent injection control. The presence or absence of a malfunction of the body can be determined.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a storage tank that contains a liquid reducing agent, a pump that pumps the reducing agent, and a reducing agent injection valve that injects the reducing agent pumped by the pump into the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine. And a reducing agent passage that connects the pump and the reducing agent injection valve, and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the reducing agent passage, and detecting a sticking abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve in the reducing agent supply device In the reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination method for detecting a malfunction of the valve body in the reducing agent injection valve, a step of reducing the pressure in the reducing agent passage, and a pressure sensor after starting the pressure reducing process And a step of determining whether the malfunction of the valve body is due to open sticking or closed sticking using a pressure value.

  That is, according to the reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination method of the present invention, the sticking state of the reducing agent injection valve is determined using the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor after the start of the pressure reducing process in the reducing agent passage. It is like that. Therefore, when the reducing agent injection valve is stuck in an open state, the pressure value in a state where gas is sucked into the reducing agent passage via the reducing agent injection valve is detected. On the other hand, when the closed state of the reducing agent injection valve is generated, the pressure value in a state where no gas is sucked into the reducing agent passage is detected. Since there is a significant difference between these pressure values, according to the present invention, the fixed state of the reducing agent injection valve can be determined accurately and easily.

  Further, according to the abnormality determination method for the reducing agent injection valve of the present invention, the fixed state is determined while the reducing agent passage is decompressed. It can be prevented from flowing into the pipe.

  Furthermore, when a return passage having a relief valve that returns the reducing agent to the storage tank when the pressure in the reducing agent passage increases excessively is connected to the reducing agent passage, during the decompression process in the reducing agent passage, Since the relief valve is in a closed state, an erroneous determination due to the state of the relief valve is prevented.

  Yet another aspect of the present invention is an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, comprising the reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device according to any one of the above-described ones.

  That is, according to the exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine of the present invention, the reducing agent injection valve is provided with the reducing agent supply device that can accurately and easily determine the fixed state of the reducing agent injection valve. Accordingly, it is possible to appropriately cope with the fixed state, and it is possible to prevent the injection control from being continued while the reducing agent is in an excessive or insufficient state.

1 is an overall view showing a configuration example of an exhaust purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the abnormality determination apparatus of the reducing agent injection valve which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the instruction | indication amount of a reducing agent, and the output of a pump. It is a figure which shows transition of the pressure after pressure reduction processing. It is a flowchart figure for demonstrating the abnormality determination method of the reducing agent injection valve which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the method of determining the malfunction of a valve body.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments relating to a reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device and abnormality determination method and an exhaust purification device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings as appropriate. However, the following embodiment shows one aspect of the present invention and does not limit the present invention, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, in each figure, about the thing which has attached | subjected the same code | symbol, the same member is shown and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

1. Overall Configuration of Exhaust Gas Purification Device First, an outline of the overall configuration of an exhaust gas purification device provided with a reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of the exhaust emission control device 10. This exhaust purification device 10 is an exhaust purification device configured to purify NO _X in exhaust discharged from an internal combustion engine 1 mounted on a vehicle or the like using a reducing agent on a NO _X purification catalyst 11. is there.

The exhaust purification device 10 includes a NO _X purification catalyst 11 interposed in the middle of the exhaust pipe 3 connected to the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine 1, and a reducing agent in the exhaust pipe 3 upstream of the NO _X purification catalyst 11. The main components are a reducing agent supply device 20 for injecting and supplying, and a control processing device 40 for controlling the operation of the reducing agent supply device 20.

The NO _X purification catalyst 11 has a function of promoting the reaction between the reducing agent injected into the exhaust pipe 3 (or a reducing component generated from the reducing agent) and NO _{X in} the exhaust. As the NO _X purification catalyst 11, a NO _X selective reduction catalyst or a NO _X storage catalyst is used.

The NO _X selective reduction catalyst is a catalyst that has a function of adsorbing a reducing agent and selectively purifying NO _X in exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst using the reducing agent. In the case of using the NO _X selective reduction catalyst, an aqueous urea solution or unburned fuel is used as the reducing agent. When a urea aqueous solution is used as the reducing agent, ammonia (NH ₃ ) produced by the decomposition of urea in the urea aqueous solution reacts with NO _X , so that NO _X becomes nitrogen (N ₂ ) and water (H ₂ O). ). In the case of using the unburned fuel as a reducing agent, by the hydrocarbons in the unburned fuel (HC) reacts with NO _X, NO _X is nitrogen _(N 2), carbon dioxide (CO ₂₎ and water Decomposed into (H ₂ O).

Further, NO _X storage catalyst, while the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing in the catalyst occludes NO _X in the lean state (fuel-lean state), release the NO _X when the air-fuel ratio is switched to a state rich and a catalyst that functions to purify NO _X with hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas (HC). NO _{X that} has reacted with the hydrocarbon (HC) is decomposed into nitrogen (N ₂ ), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and water (H ₂ O). When the NO _X storage catalyst is used, unburned fuel as a reducing agent is injected and supplied into the exhaust pipe 3 in order to make the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust rich.

2. Reducing agent supply device The reducing agent supply device 20 includes a storage tank 21 for storing a liquid reducing agent, a pump unit 22 having a pump 23 for pumping the reducing agent, and the reducing agent pumped by the pump 23 in the exhaust pipe 3. And a reducing agent injection valve 25 for injecting the gas into the tank. Among these, the pump 23 and the reducing agent injection valve 25 are driven and controlled by the control processing device 40.

  The storage tank 21 and the pump 23 are connected by a first reducing agent passage 31, and the pump 23 and the reducing agent injection valve 25 are connected by a second reducing agent passage 33. A return passage 35 having the other end connected to the storage tank 21 is connected to the second reducing agent passage 33, and a relief valve 37 and an orifice 38 are connected to the return passage 35 from the second reducing agent passage 23 side. In order. Further, the second reducing agent passage 33 is provided with a pressure sensor 27 for detecting the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33.

  Among these, the reducing agent injection valve 25 is, for example, an electromagnetic valve that is switched between open / close by switching between energization / non-energization. In the present embodiment, the reducing agent injection valve 25 directly injects the reducing agent into the exhaust pipe 3 and is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the exhaust pipe 3 so that the injection hole faces the exhaust pipe 3. Yes.

  As the pump 23, for example, an electric pump capable of adjusting the output Vpump according to the energization amount is used. In this embodiment, the output Vpump of the pump 23 is a deviation between the pressure Pu detected by the pressure sensor 27 and the target value Ptgt so that the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 is maintained at the target value Ptgt. Feedback control is performed based on ΔP.

  The pump unit 22 includes a reverting valve 24 for switching the flow direction of the reducing agent pumped by the pump 23. The reverting valve 24 is constituted by an electromagnetic switching valve, for example, and is driven by the control processing device 40. In the present embodiment, the reverting valve 24 has a first state in which the inlet side of the pump 23 and the first reducing agent passage 31 and the outlet side of the pump 23 and the second reducing agent passage 33 are respectively connected; It is possible to switch between the outlet side of the pump 23 and the first reducing agent passage 31 and the second state in which the inlet side of the pump 23 and the second reducing agent passage 33 are connected.

  Then, when controlling the injection of the reducing agent into the exhaust pipe 3, switching is performed by the reverting valve 24 so that the reducing agent flows from the storage tank 21 side to the reducing agent injection valve 25 side. When performing a purge process for collecting the reducing agent in the storage tank 21, the reverting valve 24 is switched so that the reducing agent flows from the reducing agent injection valve 25 side to the storage tank 21 side. The purging process may be performed by rotating the pump 23 in the reverse direction without using the reverting valve 24.

  The relief valve 37 is configured as a one-way valve that blocks the flow of the reducing agent from the storage tank 21 side to the second reducing agent passage 33 side, and the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 is opened by the relief valve 37. The valve opens when the valve pressure is exceeded. Further, the relief valve 37 is closed when the inside of the second reducing agent passage 33 is depressurized during the purge process for recovering the reducing agent from the inside of the second reducing agent passage 33. The orifice 38 provided on the downstream side of the relief valve 37 has a function of preventing the pressure in the second reducing agent passage 33 from pulsating more than necessary as the relief valve 37 is opened and closed.

3. Control processing device (abnormality judgment device)
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a part related to operation control of the reducing agent supply device 20 and abnormality detection of the reducing agent injection valve 25 in the configuration of the control processing device 40 of the present embodiment. . This control processing device 40 has a function as an abnormality detection device of the present invention.

  The control processing device 40 is configured around a known microcomputer, and includes a pump drive control means 41, a reverting valve drive control means 43, a reducing agent injection valve drive control means 45, and an abnormality detection means 47. And a sticking discriminating means 49 as main components. Specifically, each of these means is realized by executing a program by a microcomputer.

  In addition, the control processing device 40 is used to energize a memory element (not shown) such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) and a ROM (Read Only Memory), a pump 23, a reverting valve 24, and a reducing agent injection valve 25. A drive circuit or the like (not shown) is provided. In addition, the control processing device 40 receives sensor signals from various sensors provided in the vehicle, the internal combustion engine 1 and the like, including the pressure sensor 27.

  The pump drive control means 41 is detected so that the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 detected by the pressure sensor 27 becomes a preset target value Ptgt during operation of the internal combustion engine 1. An output Vpump that is instructed to the drive circuit of the pump 23 is obtained by using a deviation ΔP between the pressure Pu and the target value Ptgt, and the instruction is given.

  Further, when the internal combustion engine 1 is stopped, the pump drive control means 41 performs the purge process by turning off the pump 23 at a predetermined output Vpump0 determined in advance for a predetermined time after the ignition switch is turned off. An instruction is given to the drive circuit of the pump 23 so that the drive control is performed.

  When the internal combustion engine 1 is in operation, the reverting valve drive control means 43 switches the reverting valve 24 so that the reducing agent flows from the storage tank 21 side to the reducing agent injection valve 25 side. An instruction is output to the drive circuit.

  Further, the reverting valve drive control means 43 is configured so that the reducing agent flows from the reducing agent injection valve 25 side to the storage tank 21 side in order to execute the purge process when the internal combustion engine 1 is stopped. An instruction is output to the drive circuit of the reverting valve 24 so as to switch 24.

  In the control processing apparatus 40 of the present embodiment, the pump drive control means 41 and the reverting valve drive control means 43 function as a decompression process control means in the present invention as a whole. That is, by driving the pump 23 with the reverting valve 24 held so that the reducing agent flows from the reducing agent injection valve 25 side to the storage tank 21 side, the inside of the second reducing agent passage 33 is brought into a reduced pressure state. Become.

Reducing agent injection valve drive control means 45, during the operation of the internal combustion engine 1, the exhaust gas temperature Tgas, the catalyst temperature Tcat, NO _X concentration N on the downstream side of the NO _X purification catalyst 11, further relates to the operating state of the internal combustion engine 1 The energizing amount and energizing time for the reducing agent injection valve 25 are determined according to the reducing agent instruction injection amount Qu calculated based on the information and the like, and an instruction is given to the drive circuit of the reducing agent injection valve 25. It is configured as follows.

  In addition, when the internal combustion engine 1 is stopped, the reducing agent injection valve drive control means 45 performs a purge process promptly when a malfunction of the valve element is not detected by an abnormality detection means 47 described later. An instruction is output to the drive circuit of the reducing agent injection valve 25 so that the reducing agent injection valve 25 is maintained in the open state.

  On the other hand, when the internal combustion engine 1 is stopped, the reducing agent injection valve drive control means 45 is in a state in which the reducing agent injection valve 25 is fixed when a malfunction of the valve element is detected by an abnormality detecting means 47 described later. In order to make a determination, the energization to the reducing agent injection valve 25 is cut off.

  The abnormality detection means 47 is configured to execute a calculation process for detecting a malfunction of the valve body of the reducing agent injection valve 25. This abnormality detection means 47 is for determining whether or not the malfunction of the valve body of the reducing agent injection valve 25 has occurred, as a premise for determining whether the reducing agent injection valve 25 is stuck open or closed. In spite of the fact that no malfunction of the valve element has occurred, a complicated calculation process for determining the fixed state of the reducing agent injection valve 25 is not executed.

  The content of the arithmetic processing performed by the abnormality detection means 47 for detecting a malfunction of the valve body is not particularly limited. For example, in the control processing device 40 of the present embodiment, the abnormality detection means 47 compares the control parameter α of the reducing agent injection valve 25 with the control parameter β of the pump 23 during operation of the internal combustion engine 1, It is comprised so that the presence or absence of a body malfunction may be determined.

  As described above, the pump drive control unit 41 feedback-controls the output Vpump of the pump 23 so that the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 detected by the pressure sensor 27 is maintained at the target value Ptgt. It has become. That is, as the amount of reducing agent injected from the reducing agent injection valve 25 increases, the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 tends to decrease, and the output of the pump 23 when the pressure Pu is maintained at the target value Ptgt. Vpump increases. On the other hand, the smaller the injection amount of the reducing agent, the smaller the output Vpump of the pump 23 when the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 is maintained at the target value Ptgt.

  Here, FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the reducing agent command injection amount Qu from the reducing agent injection valve 25 and the output Vpump of the pump 23. As shown in FIG. 3, since the command amount Qu of the reducing agent in the reducing agent injection valve 25 and the output Vpump of the pump 23 are originally proportional, the control parameter α of the reducing agent injection valve 25 and the pump 23 are proportional to each other. It is possible to detect a malfunction of the valve body by comparing the control parameter β.

  The control parameter α of the reducing agent injection valve 25 includes, for example, an instruction injection amount Qu obtained by calculation, an energization amount supplied to the reducing agent injection valve 25, an energization instruction value, an energization on / off duty ratio, and the like. A value having a correlation with the injection amount can be used. Further, as the control parameter β of the pump 23, for example, a value correlated with the output Vpump of the pump 23, such as an energization amount supplied to the pump 23, an energization instruction value, an energization on / off duty ratio, and the like can be used. .

  If the difference Δβ between the control parameter βa of the pump 23 assumed from the control parameter α of the reducing agent injection valve 25 and the actual control parameter β of the pump 23 is within a predetermined error Δβ0, While it can be determined that there is no malfunction, if the difference Δβ between the two control parameters βa, β exceeds the error Δβ0, it can be determined that a malfunction of the valve element has occurred. Needless to say, the determination can also be made using the difference Δα between the control parameter α 0 of the reducing agent injection valve 25 assumed from the control parameter β of the pump 23 and the actual control parameter α of the reducing agent injection valve 25.

  In addition, when determining the presence or absence of malfunction of the valve body by comparing the control parameter α of the reducing agent injection valve 25 and the control parameter β of the pump 23, the processing capacity of the control processing device 40 or the second reduction In consideration of variations in individual differences among the pipes constituting the agent passage 33, the pump 23, the reducing agent injection valve 25, etc., there is a high risk of erroneous determination by setting the determination error Δβ0 strictly. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the result of this determination is limited to the determination of the presence or absence of valve malfunction.

  The sticking discriminating means 49 is configured to discriminate whether the malfunction of the valve element is due to the open sticking or the closed sticking when the malfunction detecting means 47 detects the malfunction of the valve disc. Yes. Specifically, the sticking determination unit 49 performs reduction using the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 detected by the pressure sensor 27 in a state where the pressure reducing process of the second reducing agent passage 33 is being performed. The adhering state of the agent injection valve 25 is determined.

  When the reducing agent injection valve 25 is stuck open during the decompression process, the gas (air or exhaust gas) in the exhaust pipe 3 passes through the injection hole of the reducing agent injection valve 25 to the second reducing agent passage. On the other hand, when the reducing agent injection valve 25 is closed and fixed, the gas is not sucked into the second reducing agent passage 33. Therefore, when the reducing agent injection valve 25 is closed and stuck, the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 that is reduced by the decompression process is lower than the pressure Pu when the opening and sticking is caused.

  FIG. 4 shows the pressure change when the energization of the reducing agent injection valve 25 is stopped and the inside of the second reducing agent passage 33 is decompressed. The solid line A in FIG. 4 shows the pressure change when the reducing agent injection valve 25 is in the open fixed state, and the dotted line B shows the pressure change when the reducing agent injection valve 25 is in the closed fixed state.

  In both the open fixed state and the closed fixed state, the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 decreases after the time point t1 when the pressure reducing process is started, and changes substantially in the same way until the time point t2. . This is because the nozzle hole of the reducing agent injection valve 25 is extremely small and becomes a resistance when the gas is sucked into the second reducing agent passage 33 through the nozzle hole.

  However, when the reducing agent injection valve 25 is in the closed fixed state, gas is not sucked into the second reducing agent passage 33, and therefore, after the time t2, the reducing agent injection valve 25 is in the open fixed state. And the pressure Pu begins to be different between the closed and fixed state. During this decompression process, the pump 23 is controlled at a constant output Vpump0, so that the pressure Pu becomes stable after the time point t3.

  Thus, the sticking state of the reducing agent injection valve 25 can be determined by using the pressure Pu detected after time t2. For example, when the lowest point of the pressure change when the reducing agent injection valve 25 is in the open fixed state is obtained in advance by experiment or the like, and this lowest point is set as the threshold value Pu0, the detected pressure Pu is equal to or higher than the threshold value Pu0. Is determined that the reducing agent injection valve 25 is in the open fixed state, and when the pressure Pu is less than the threshold value Pu0, it is determined that the reducing agent injection valve 25 is in the closed fixed state. In order to determine the fixing state with higher accuracy, it is preferable to perform the determination using the pressure Pu detected after time t3 when the pressure Pu is stabilized.

  Regarding the determination method by the sticking determination means 49, for example, after the pressure reducing process is started, the change in the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 is continuously monitored, and the pressure drop speed and the pressure drop amount are compared with a threshold value. You may make it do.

4). Next, an example of an abnormality determination method for the reducing agent injection valve 25 performed by the control processing device 40 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. 5 shows a main flow of the abnormality determination method for the reducing agent injection valve 25 in the present embodiment. FIG. 6 shows a flow showing a specific example of step S1 in FIG.

  First, in step S1 of FIG. 5, it is determined whether or not a malfunction of the valve element has occurred. This step S1 is implemented according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 6, for example. In the example of FIG. 6, after the control parameter α of the reducing agent injection valve 25 is read in step S11, the control parameter α of the pump 23 assumed from the control parameter α of the reducing agent injection valve 25 read in step S11 is read in step S12. The control parameter βa is obtained with reference to a map or the like.

  Next, after reading the actual control parameter β of the pump 23 in step S13, in step S14, it is determined whether or not the difference Δβ between the assumed control parameter βa and the actual control parameter β exceeds the error Δβ0. . When the difference Δβ exceeds the error Δβ0, the process proceeds to step S15, the valve element malfunction flag is set, and the determination ends. On the other hand, if the difference Δβ is equal to or smaller than the error Δβ0, the process proceeds to step S16, the valve element malfunction flag is reset, and the determination is terminated.

  Returning to FIG. 5, if no malfunction of the valve element is detected in step S <b> 1, this routine is terminated and the process returns to the start. If a malfunction of the valve element is detected, the process proceeds to step S <b> 2. Then, the pressure reducing process in the second reducing agent passage 33 is started. In the example of this embodiment, the reverting valve 24 is switched so that the reducing agent flows from the reducing agent injection valve 25 side to the storage tank 21 side, and the pump 23 is driven at a predetermined output Vpump0, whereby the decompression process is performed. Done.

  Next, in step S3, it is repeatedly determined whether or not the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 has become zero or less, and when the pressure Pu has become zero or less, the process proceeds to step S4 and the timer T is activated. To start. In this step S3, the waiting state until the pressure Pu becomes zero or less is that the sticking state is discriminated using the value of the pressure Pu detected under the approximate condition regardless of the pressure Pu immediately before the start of the pressure reduction process. This is to make it happen.

  Next, in step S5, it is repeatedly determined whether or not the value of the timer T exceeds a preset threshold value T0. When the value of the timer T exceeds the threshold value T0, the process proceeds to step S6, and the pressure Pu at that time is determined. Is greater than or equal to the determination threshold Pu0. If the pressure Pu is greater than or equal to the threshold value Pu0, it is determined in step S7 that the reducing agent injection valve 25 is in the open fixed state. If the pressure Pu is less than the threshold value Pu0, the reduction is performed in step S8. It is determined that the agent injection valve 25 is in the closed fixed state.

  After the determination is finished, in step S9, the timer T is reset and this routine is finished. Thereafter, an instruction signal for starting control for eliminating the sticking abnormality or notifying the driver or the like is generated according to the open sticking state or the closed sticking state of the reducing agent injection valve 25.

  Note that when the determination of the fixed state of the reducing agent injection valve 25 is performed when the internal combustion engine 1 is stopped, it is determined whether or not the ignition switch of the internal combustion engine 1 is turned off before step S2 in FIG. A step is provided so that the process proceeds to step S2 when the ignition switch is turned off. By carrying out in this way, the inside of the second reducing agent passage 33 can be decompressed while also serving as a purge process when the internal combustion engine 1 is stopped.

  Alternatively, the sticking state of the reducing agent injection valve 25 may be determined when the internal combustion engine 1 is started. In this case, after the ignition switch is turned on, when the valve malfunction flag is set, the steps after step S2 are performed. If the open stuck state or the closed stuck state can be discriminated at the time of starting, the internal combustion engine 1 can be driven after performing control or the like to cancel the stuck state and returning to the normal injection state.

According to the abnormality determining device or the exhaust purification device of the reducing agent injection valve of the present embodiment described above, the reducing agent injection valve is fixed without causing the reducing agent to flow into the exhaust pipe while performing the determination. It can be determined accurately and easily.
Further, in the reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination method of the present embodiment, even when the return passage 35 including the one-way valve 37 and the orifice 38 is connected to the second reducing agent passage 33, In the state where the one-way valve 37 is shut off, the sticking state is determined. Therefore, the pressure Pu in the second reducing agent passage 33 is not affected by the variation in the state of the one-way valve 37 or the orifice 38, so that the sticking state can be accurately determined.

1: internal combustion engine, 3: exhaust pipe, 10: exhaust purification device, 11: NO _X purification catalyst, 13: NO _X sensor, 20: reducing agent supply device, 21: storage tank, 22: pump unit, 23: pump, 24: reverting valve, 25: reducing agent injection valve, 27: pressure sensor, 31: first reducing agent passage, 33: second reducing agent passage, 35: return passage, 37: relief valve, 38: orifice, 40: control processing device (abnormality determination device), 41: pump drive control means, 43: reverting valve drive control means, 45: reducing agent injection valve drive control means, 47: abnormality detection means, 49: sticking determination means

Claims (6)

A storage tank containing a liquid reducing agent, a pump for pumping the reducing agent, a reducing agent injection valve for injecting the reducing agent pumped by the pump into an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, the pump and the reduction Reduction for detecting a sticking abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve in a reducing agent supply device comprising a reducing agent passage connecting the reducing agent passage and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the reducing agent passage In the agent injection valve abnormality determination device,
An abnormality detecting means for detecting a malfunction of the valve body in the reducing agent injection valve;
Decompression processing control means for decompressing the inside of the reducing agent passage;
A sticking determination means for determining whether the malfunction of the valve element is due to open sticking or closed sticking using a pressure value detected by the pressure sensor after the start of the decompression process;
An abnormality determination device for a reducing agent injection valve, comprising:   The sticking determination unit determines that the sticking is open when the pressure value after a lapse of a predetermined period from the start of the decompression process is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value, and the closed sticking when the pressure value is less than the threshold value. The abnormality determination device for a reducing agent injection valve according to claim 1, wherein:   3. The reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device according to claim 1, wherein the determination of the open fixation or the closed fixation is performed when the internal combustion engine is stopped. The pump is driven and controlled by feedback control using a deviation between a pressure value detected by the pressure sensor and a target value of the pressure in the reducing agent passage,
The said abnormality detection means detects the malfunction of the said valve body by comparing the control parameter of the said reducing agent injection valve, and the control parameter of the said pump. The abnormality determination apparatus for a reducing agent injection valve according to claim 1. A storage tank containing a liquid reducing agent, a pump for pumping the reducing agent, a reducing agent injection valve for injecting the reducing agent pumped by the pump into an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, the pump and the reduction Reduction for detecting a sticking abnormality of the reducing agent injection valve in a reducing agent supply device comprising a reducing agent passage connecting the reducing agent passage and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the reducing agent passage In the abnormality determination method of the agent injection valve,
Detecting a malfunction of a valve body in the reducing agent injection valve;
Reducing pressure in the reducing agent passage;
Using the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor after the start of the decompression process to determine whether the malfunction of the valve element is due to open fixation or closed fixation;
An abnormality determination method for a reducing agent injection valve, comprising: An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine, comprising the reducing agent injection valve abnormality determination device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images