JP2012101589A - Fixing structure of battery pack of electric vehicle and removal method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fixing structure of a battery pack of an electric vehicle, and a removal method of the battery pack which can remove the battery pack from the vehicle body of the electric vehicle without using a lifter.SOLUTION: A battery pack 3 of an electric vehicle 1 is placed below a floor panel 5 of the electric vehicle 1 that is driven by electric power from a battery 2. The battery pack 3 formed in a nearly rectangle in a plan view is fixed to the vehicle body 4 by a first fixing means 81 that fixes a pair of opposing sides of the battery pack 3 to the vehicle body 4 so as to be detachable from under the floor panel 5 and by a second fixing means 82 that fixes each side adjacent to the pair of sides of the battery pack 3 to the vehicle body 4 so as to be detachable from the inside of a vehicle compartment R. The second fixing means 82 supports the weight of the battery pack 3 at least when the first fixing means 81 is released.

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle and a method for removing the battery pack mounted on an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a battery pack (including a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery for supplying electricity, which is energy to a traveling motor), is used for an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle using a traveling motor composed of an electric motor as a drive source and an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle. A battery unit) (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  As disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the battery pack is fixed to the lower surfaces of the side member and the cross member under the floor by raising the battery pack from below the electric vehicle using a battery exchange device.

  A large battery pack mounted on an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle is generally stored under the floor panel of a vehicle body, like a fuel tank of a gasoline vehicle. Generally, the battery pack is fixed to the vehicle body frame and the cross member from the lower side of the vehicle body by bolts. For this reason, when the battery pack is attached to, removed from, or unloaded from the vehicle body, the battery pack is heavy, so a dedicated lifter is required.

  The manufacturer collects battery packs that are no longer needed. In that case, when the electric vehicle is scrapped, the manufacturer makes a request for unloading the battery pack from the vehicle body and a request for picking up the battery pack to a scrap car dealer who picks up the vehicle. For this reason, the scrap car manufacturer uses a dedicated lifter for loading and unloading the battery pack, and removes it from the vehicle body while supporting the battery pack.

JP 2010-153128 A (FIGS. 1 and 2) JP 2010-184621 A (FIG. 1)

  As described above, when loading / unloading a battery pack of an electric vehicle, a dedicated lifter for loading / unloading the battery pack from / from the vehicle body is necessary. If there is no dedicated lifter, loading / unloading of the battery pack is performed. There was a problem that could not.

In recent years, the number of electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles has been increasing, but it is still a small number compared to the number of gasoline vehicles. For this reason, even if the lifter dedicated for loading and unloading the battery pack is prepared to perform the loading and unloading operation of the battery pack, the number of times used is small. Therefore, it is difficult for all scrap car operators to prepare and own lifters. Therefore, there are some contractors who are currently unable to load and unload battery packs.
As a result, there has been a problem that the battery pack cannot be collected, and that a collection fee is added by requesting other contractors.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been invented to solve the above-described problems, and is an electric vehicle that can be removed from the body of the electric vehicle without using a lifter for loading and unloading the battery pack. It is an object of the present invention to provide a battery pack fixing structure and a removing method.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 has a battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle installed below a floor panel of the electric vehicle driven by electric power from the battery. The battery pack includes a first fixing means for fixing the pair of opposing sides of the battery pack formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view to the vehicle body so as to be releasable from below the floor panel; The battery pack is fixed to the vehicle body by second fixing means for releasably fixing the side adjacent to the pair of sides of the battery pack from the vehicle interior side, and the second fixing means is at least the first fixing. The weight of the battery pack is supported when the means is released.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the battery pack of the electric vehicle has a pair of opposing sides of the battery pack fixed to the vehicle body by the first fixing means from below the floor panel in a plan view. ing. The sides adjacent to the pair of sides of the battery pack are fixed to the vehicle body so as to be releasable from the vehicle interior side by the second fixing means. The second fixing means supports the weight of the battery pack when the first fixing means is released. For this reason, even when the first fixing means is released from below the vehicle body when the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body, the battery pack is fixed to the vehicle body by the second fixing and fixing device, so that the battery pack falls by its own weight. There is nothing to do. As a result, it becomes unnecessary to support the battery pack with the lifter.
When removing the battery pack from the vehicle body, the operator only has to release the second fixing means from the vehicle interior side, so it is not necessary to support the battery pack from the lower side of the vehicle body with the lifter. When the second fixing means is released, when releasing the second fixing means, the lower side of the battery pack is supported in advance by a forklift or the like from the lower side of the vehicle body. Can be supported by a forklift. This eliminates the need for special equipment such as a lift, and allows the battery pack to be removed using equipment normally used by a contractor.

  The battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 2 is the battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first fixing means and the second fixing means comprise bolts. It is characterized by that.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle includes the first fixing means and the second fixing means including bolts, and the plurality of bolts are rotated by a tool, whereby the battery is fixed. The pack can be easily attached to and detached from the vehicle body.

  The battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 3 is the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first fixing means and the second fixing means are provided. Either one is arranged symmetrically with respect to each other on opposite sides of the battery pack in plan view.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, either one of the first fixing means and the second fixing means is arranged in line symmetry on opposite sides of the battery pack in plan view. The outer periphery of the pack can be efficiently fixed to the vehicle body with a uniform holding force (fastening force). For this reason, since the outer peripheral portion is firmly attached to the vehicle body in a well-balanced manner by the first fixing means and the second fixing means, the battery pack is firmly held without rattling. As a result, an optimal fixing means can be obtained.

  The battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 4 is the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first fixing means and the second fixing means are provided. Either one of the two is arranged symmetrically with respect to each other on opposite sides of the battery pack in plan view.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, either one of the first fixing means and the second fixing means is arranged symmetrically with respect to each other on opposite sides of the battery pack in a plan view, whereby the battery The outer periphery of the pack can be efficiently fixed to the vehicle body with a uniform holding force. For this reason, since the outer peripheral part is firmly attached to the vehicle body in a balanced manner, the battery pack is firmly held without rattling. As a result, an optimal fixing means can be obtained.

  The battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to claim 5 is the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second fixing means includes: It is provided on a pair of sides facing the battery width direction of the battery pack in a plan view.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the second fixing means is provided on the pair of sides facing the vehicle width direction of the battery pack in a plan view, thereby extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. It is arranged at a position along the frame. For this reason, when the second fixing means is provided in the battery pack through the floor panel from the passenger compartment side, it can be provided in the same manner as the fixing portion of the floor panel fixed on the side frame. And can be easily installed.

  The battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 6 is a battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle installed below a floor panel of the electric vehicle driven by electric power from the battery, wherein the battery pack is A plurality of battery modules, each of the plurality of battery modules formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, with a pair of sides facing each other independently from the lower side of the floor panel. The first fixing means for releasably fixing the vehicle body and the second fixing means for releasably fixing the pair of sides adjacent to the pair of sides from the vehicle interior side are fixed to the vehicle body, and the second The fixing means supports the weight of the battery pack at least when the first fixing means is released. To.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the battery pack is constituted by a plurality of battery modules and divided into a plurality of parts, each battery module can be attached and detached in an independent state. For this reason, the vibration of the vehicle that occurs when the battery pack is removed can be suppressed.

  A method for removing a battery pack according to claim 7 is a method for removing a battery pack fixed to the vehicle body by a battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the battery pack is removed. When removing from the vehicle body, after releasing the first fixing means, the second fixing means is released.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when removing the battery pack from the vehicle body, after releasing the first fixing means, releasing the second fixing means, the heavy battery pack is separated from the vehicle body. By supporting the underside of the battery pack with a forklift or the like in advance, it will be prevented from falling out, and when removing the battery pack from the vehicle body, a dedicated lifter is no longer required, making removal easy It can be carried out.

  According to the battery pack fixing structure and removal method for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, the battery pack can be removed from the vehicle body of the electric vehicle without using a dedicated lifter for loading and unloading the battery pack. For this reason, since the battery pack can be easily collected, the collection rate of the battery pack can be improved, and the cost of collecting the battery pack and the cost of scrapping the electric vehicle can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a left view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a top view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a perspective view of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the fixation structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a left view which shows the 1st process at the time of removing a battery pack from a vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the fixation structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a left view which shows the 2nd process at the time of removing a battery pack from a vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a left view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a top view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a left view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a top view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the 3rd modification of the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a left view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the 3rd modification of the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a top view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the 4th modification of the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a left view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. It is a figure which shows the 4th modification of the fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and is a top view which shows a state when a battery pack is attached to the vehicle body.

With reference to FIGS. 1-5, the fixing structure and removal method of the battery pack of the electric vehicle which concern on embodiment of this invention are demonstrated.
In the embodiment of the present invention, “front” is the front side of the vehicle, “rear” is the rear side of the vehicle, “upper” is the vertical upper side, “lower” is the lower vertical side, and “left and right” is the vehicle width direction. Let it be the side.

≪Electric vehicle configuration≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the electric vehicle 1 is a vehicle that travels by driving a traveling motor M with electric power supplied from a battery 2 (secondary battery), such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The electric vehicle 1 is, for example, a passenger vehicle type vehicle having a traveling motor M, a high voltage device V, and the like in the vehicle body front portion 1a and having a battery pack 3 under the floor panel 5, and in particular, The shape and the like are not limited. That is, the electric vehicle 1 may be a passenger car, a work vehicle, or the like, and will be described below using a passenger vehicle type vehicle as an example.
The electric vehicle 1 houses a floor panel 5 installed on the floor of the passenger compartment R, a battery 2, a battery pack 3 disposed below the floor panel 5, and a travel motor M driven by electric power from the battery 2. And a fixing means 8 for fixing the battery pack 3 to the vehicle body 4.

≪Battery configuration≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the battery 2 is a high-voltage storage battery exceeding 200 volts that drives a traveling motor M composed of a high-power motor, apart from a normal 12-volt storage battery. The battery 2 is an assembled battery to which a large number of single cells are connected, and is installed in the battery pack 3.

≪Battery pack configuration≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the battery pack 3 is a battery unit in which the battery 2, electrical equipment (not shown), and the like are housed in a housing 3f. The battery pack 3 is covered with a housing 3f formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and has a substantially box shape. The housing 3f is made of a metal or resin box, and brackets 3c, 3d, and 3e project from the front, rear, left, and right outer peripheral surfaces of the housing 3f in the outer peripheral direction. The battery pack 3 has the brackets 3c and 3d directed downward from below the floor of the vehicle body 4, and the first fixing means 81 is inserted into the female threaded portion 7a of the cross member 7 from below to be screwed together. The second fixing means 82 is inserted from the top to the bottom through the bolt insertion hole 6a of the side frame 6 from the top to the bottom panel 5 and screwed into the female thread 3i (see FIG. 3) of the bracket 3e. 4 is fixed. Since the battery pack 3 is a heavy object, it is fixed to a high-strength member such as a vehicle body frame that forms the skeleton of the vehicle body 4.

The brackets 3c, 3d, and 3e are thick plate members for fixing the battery pack 3 to the vehicle body 4, and are made of, for example, a metal thick plate material. The brackets 3c, 3d, 3e are fixed to the housing 3f of the battery pack 3 by welding or fasteners such as bolts.
The brackets 3c, 3d, and 3e may be flange-shaped or flange-shaped formed on the outer periphery of the housing 3f.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the front bracket 3 c is a protruding piece fixed to the upper part of the front side surface of the battery pack 3, for example, in a state protruding slightly upward from the front side surface of the housing 3 f. It consists of two mounting members arranged at appropriate intervals. The bracket 3c is fixed to the lower surface of the front cross member 7 (see FIG. 2) by the first fixing means 81. The bracket 3c has a bolt insertion hole 3g into which the male screw portion 8a of the first fixing means 81 is inserted.

  The rear bracket 3d is a protruding piece fixed to the upper part of the rear side surface of the battery pack 3. For example, the rear bracket 3d protrudes obliquely upward from the rear side surface of the housing 3f at an appropriate interval. It consists of two arranged mounting members. The bracket 3d is fixed to the lower surface of the rear cross member 7 (see FIG. 2) by the first fixing means 81. The bracket 3d is provided with a bolt insertion hole 3h into which the male screw portion 8a of the first fixing means 81 is inserted.

The left and right brackets 3e are projecting pieces fixed to the upper portions of the left and right side surfaces of the battery pack 3. For example, the left and right brackets 3e are disposed at appropriate intervals in a state of projecting horizontally from the left and right side surfaces of the housing 3f in the left and right directions. And three mounting members. The bracket 3e is fixed to the lower surfaces of the pair of left and right side frames 6 (see FIG. 2) by the second fixing means 82. The bracket 3e is formed with a female screw portion 3i into which the male screw portion 8a of the second fixing means 82 is screwed.
The female thread portion 3i serves as a nut.

As shown in FIG. 1, the travel motor M is a drive motor for driving the electric vehicle 1 by rotating wheels, and is installed, for example, in the motor room of the vehicle body front portion 1a.
The high-voltage device V is, for example, an inverter that controls the battery 2 and the traveling motor M, a converter that enables charging of the battery 2 with a household power source of AC 100 V, and is installed on the traveling motor M, for example. Has been.

≪Body structure≫
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the vehicle body 4 is for forming the entire electric vehicle 1, and includes, for example, various metal vehicle body frames such as the side frame 6 and the cross member 7, and a floor panel. 5 and a metal vehicle body panel such as a bonnet are installed substantially symmetrically.

<Configuration of floor panel>
The floor panel 5 is a metal panel material that forms the floor surface of the passenger compartment R (see FIG. 1), and is placed on the side frame 6 and the cross member 7 (FIG. 2). The floor panel 5 is provided with through holes 5a (see FIG. 1) through which male screw portions 8a of the fixing means 8 described later are inserted.

<Configuration of side frame>
As shown in FIG. 2, the side frame 6 is a pair of left and right frame members that form part of the skeleton of the vehicle body 4, and extends in the front-rear direction of the electric vehicle 1. The side frame 6 is formed of, for example, a steel square pipe material having a square cross section. Each side frame 6 is formed with a bolt insertion hole 6a through which the male screw portion 8a of the fixing means 8 is inserted at a position matching the through hole 5a (see FIG. 1) of the floor panel 5 in plan view. ing. The bolt insertion hole 6a is a vertical hole formed in each part of the pair of left and right cross members 7.

<Cross member configuration>
The cross member 7 is a pair of front and rear frame members that form part of the skeleton of the vehicle body 4, and extends in the vehicle width direction of the electric vehicle 1. The cross member 7 is formed of, for example, a square pipe material made of steel having a square cross section, like the side frame 6. The cross member 7 is formed with a female screw portion 7a into which the male screw portion 8a of the fixing means 8 is screwed at a position matching the through hole 5a (see FIG. 1) of the floor panel 5 in plan view. .
The female screw portion 7a is formed by two screw holes formed in a pair of front and rear cross members 7 or nuts (not shown) provided in the cross member 7.

≪Configuration of fixing means≫
As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing means 8 is a fixing tool for fixing the battery pack 3 to the vehicle body 4. For example, the fixing means 8 is attached to a mounting portion (side frame 6 and cross member 7) such as a bolt or a bolt / nut. It consists of a detachable fastener. Hereinafter, the fixing means 8 will be described using a bolt (see FIG. 3) having a male screw portion 8a and a head portion 8b as an example.
The fixing means 8 includes a first fixing means 81 for fixing the pair of sides 3 a (left and right side surfaces) facing the battery pack 3 in plan view to the vehicle body 4 so as to be releasable from below the floor panel 5, and the battery pack 3. And a second fixing means 82 for fixing the side 3b (front side surface and rear side surface) adjacent to the pair of sides 3a to the vehicle body 4 so as to be releasable from the inside of the passenger compartment R (see FIG. 1).

The fixing means 8 is made of a metal material having a tensile strength that can support and hold the battery pack 3 by a test method based on JISZ2241. When the fixing means 8 is constituted by a plurality, the total of the tensile strengths of the plurality of fixing means 8 is sufficient to hold the battery pack 3 (fastening force), and can be held when the battery pack 3 vibrates. Power.
Moreover, when using a bolt, the bolt with the tensile strength for holding | maintaining the battery pack 3 based on JISB1051 or JISB1054-1 is selected as the fixing means 8.
The number of fixing means 8 and the number of brackets 3c, 3d, 3e may be changed as appropriate according to the weight or size of the battery pack 3.

<Configuration of first fixing means>
The first fixing means 81 is a fixing for fixing the brackets 3c and 3d provided on the front and rear side surfaces of the housing 3f to the female threaded portion 7a of the cross member 7 upward from below to fix to the vehicle body 4. It is a tool.

<Configuration of second fixing means>
The second fixing means 82 is inserted through the through holes 5a from above the floor panel 5 in the passenger compartment R, and is further inserted through the bolt insertion holes 6a of the left and right side frames 6 to the left and right side surfaces of the housing 3f. This is a fixing tool for fixing the battery pack 3 to the vehicle body 4 by being screwed into the female screw portions 3i of the respective brackets 3e provided. In other words, the 2nd fixing means 82 is provided in a pair of edge | side 3a which opposes the vehicle width direction of the battery pack 3 in planar view. The second fixing means 82 is attached to the vehicle body 4 so as to support the weight of the battery pack 3 when the first fixing means 81 is released. In this case, the 2nd fixing means 82 uses what has the fastening force (tensile strength) which can hold | maintain the battery pack 3 only by this 2nd fixing means 82. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, one of the first fixing means 81 and the second fixing means 82 is symmetrical with respect to the sides 3a, 3b of the battery pack 3 facing each other in plan view. They are arranged symmetrically.

≪Operation of battery pack fixing structure for electric vehicle≫
Next, the operation of the fixing structure of the battery pack 3 of the electric vehicle 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in the order of attachment and removal of the battery pack 3 with reference to FIGS.

<When fixing the battery pack to the vehicle body>
As shown in FIG. 1, when a new battery pack 3 is attached to the vehicle body 4 on the vehicle production line or the battery pack 3 is replaced by a manufacturer or the like, the battery pack 3 is installed in a lifting device (not shown). The battery pack 3 is raised to the vehicle body frame 41 below the floor panel 5 by placing the battery pack 3 on the placement surface and using the lifting device (battery exchange device). Then, the bolt insertion holes 3g, 3h (see FIG. 3) of the front and rear brackets 3c, 3d are made to coincide with the female screw portion 7a of the cross member 7 and the bolt insertion holes 6a of the side frame 6.

Next, the male screw portion 8a of the first fixing means 81 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 3g of the front and rear brackets 3c and 3d from the lower floor side of the vehicle body 4 and screwed into the female screw portion 7a of the cross member 7 on the front and rear side. Then, the front and rear sides of the battery pack 3 are fixed to the cross member 7. Thereby, the battery pack 3 is fixed at a predetermined position on the lower surface of the vehicle body frame 41.
In addition, when attaching the battery pack 3 to the vehicle body 4, the battery pack 3 may be supported by a lifter to perform the attaching operation.

  Subsequently, the male threaded portion 8a of the second fixing means 82 is inserted into the through hole 5a of the floor panel 5 from the inside of the passenger compartment R, and further inserted into each bolt insertion hole 6a of the left and right side frames 6, The battery pack 3 is fixed to the left and right side frames 6 by being screwed into the female thread portion 3i of the bracket 3e. Thereby, the battery pack 3 is firmly fixed at a predetermined position on the lower surface of the vehicle body frame 41.

The first fixing means 81 and the second fixing means 82 for fixing the battery pack 3 to the vehicle body 4 in this way, the bolt insertion holes 3g and 3h into which the fixing means 8 are inserted, and the female thread portion 3i are shown in FIG. As described above, the battery pack 3 is arranged in line symmetry and point symmetry with respect to a center point and a center line (not shown) of the battery pack 3 in plan view. For this reason, the outer peripheral part of the battery pack 3 is fixed to the vehicle body 4 with a good balance by an even holding force (fastening force).
Thus, since the outer peripheral part of the battery pack 3 is attached to the vehicle body 4 in a balanced manner by the first fixing means 81 and the second fixing means 82, the load of the battery pack 3, the vibration applied to the battery pack 3, The external force in the direction can be firmly held without rattling by the fastening force of the fixing means 8. As a result, the optimum fixing means 8 can be obtained.

<When removing the battery pack from the car body>
FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure for fixing the battery pack of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a left side view showing the first step when removing the battery pack from the vehicle body. FIG. 5 is a view showing the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a left side view showing a second step when the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when removing the battery pack 3 from the vehicle body 4, first, the first fixing means 81 that is disposed before and after the battery pack 3 and screwed into the vehicle body 4 from below is installed in the vehicle. Remove from the bottom of the floor downward. Then, the battery pack 3 is fixed to the vehicle body 4 only by the second fixing means 82 screwed into the left and right brackets 3e.

  Next, a pallet (not shown) for placing the battery pack 3 is placed under the floor of the vehicle body 4. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5, the second fixing means 82 arranged on the left and right of the battery pack 3 and screwed into the vehicle body 4 from above are removed from the vehicle compartment R side. Then, the battery pack 3 is separated from the side frame 6 when the male threaded portion 8a of the second fixing means 82 is removed from the female threaded portion 3i of the left and right brackets 3e, and the pallet (not shown) is separated from the vehicle body 4. Fall on top.

When the battery pack 3 is finally removed from the vehicle body 4, the operator performs the work of removing the second fixing means 82 from the inside of the passenger compartment R, so that the battery pack 3 is supported by a lifter or the like from the lower side of the vehicle body 4. Is unnecessary. For this reason, the workability of the work of removing the heavy battery pack 3 from the vehicle body 4 is improved, and the work can be simplified.
Since the battery pack 3 can be easily collected in this manner, the collection rate of the battery pack 3 can be improved, and the collection cost of the battery pack 3 and the cost of scrapping the electric vehicle 1 can be reduced.

[Modification]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the technical idea. The present invention extends to these modifications and changes. Of course. In addition, the already demonstrated structure attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits the description.

[First modification]
FIG. 6 is a view showing a first modification of the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a left side view showing a state when the battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. FIG. 7 is a view showing a first modification of the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view showing a state when the battery pack is attached to the vehicle body.

In the above embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the case where the brackets 3 c, 3 d, 3 e of the battery pack 3 are attached to the side frame 6 and the cross member 7 of the vehicle body frame 41 by the fixing means 8 has been described. It is not limited to this.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the battery pack 3 only needs to be fixed to the vehicle body frame 41, and may be mounted on the subframe 42 and attached to the subframe 42.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the subframe 42 includes a center frame 42 a that extends between the pair of front and rear cross members 7 that extend in the left-right direction and extends in the front-rear direction, and a pair of left and right that extends in the front-rear direction. A cross frame 42b that extends between the side frames 6 and extends in the left-right direction is connected in a substantially lattice shape. The front and rear end portions of the pair of center frames 42 a are fixed to the lower surface of the cross member 7 from the lower side of the vehicle body 4 by the first fixing means 81. The left and right ends of the pair of cross frames 42b are fixed to the lower surface of the side frame 6 from the vehicle compartment R side by the second fixing means 82, respectively.

Further, the battery pack 3 is mounted on the subframe 42 by a mounting member (not shown), and is fixed to the vehicle body 4 by fixing the subframe 42 to the vehicle body frame 41.
Thus, even when the subframe 42 is used, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.

[Second modification]
FIG. 8 is a view showing a second modification of the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a left side view showing a state when the battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. FIG. 9 is a view showing a second modification of the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view showing a state when the battery pack is attached to the vehicle body.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the battery pack 3 described in the embodiment is folded into one of the pair of front and rear cross members 7 (for example, the front side) in a substantially L shape when viewed from the side. The battery pack 30 may be provided with a hooking bracket 71 that is hooked to the hooking portion 71 while providing the hooking portion 71 that is bent.

  In this case, the battery pack 3 is provided with a thick-plate-like hooking bracket 3j extending in the left-right direction instead of the front bracket 3c among the brackets 3c, 3d, 3e described in the above embodiment. The bracket 3j for latching is latched by the L-shaped latching part 71, and fixes the front-end part of the battery pack 3 to the cross member 7 of the front side. Note that the hooking bracket 3j is only hooked on the hooking portion 71, and the fixing means 8 is not used. The latching portion 71 extends in a hook shape from the front cross member 7 toward the lower rear direction so that the latching bracket 3j can be attached and detached.

The battery pack 3 provided with such a hooking bracket 3j is provided on one of a pair of cross members 7 arranged to face each other when being fixed to the vehicle body frame 41 from the lower floor side of the vehicle body 4. Only the other cross member 7 may be fixed by the first fixing means 81 after the hooking bracket 71 is hooked to the hooking portion 71.
For this reason, the attachment / detachment work of the battery pack 3 can be simplified by the amount that the number of the first fixing means 81 is halved.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when the battery pack 3 is replaced or discarded, the hooking portion 71 is forcibly rotated in the direction of arrow a around the bent portion 71a bent in an L shape. It may be configured to move. If the latching portion 71 is formed in this way, the attachment and detachment work when the battery pack 3 is attached to and detached from the vehicle body frame 41 can be further simplified.

[Third Modification]
FIG. 10 is a view showing a third modification of the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a left side view showing a state when the battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. FIG. 11 is a view showing a third modification of the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view showing a state when the battery pack is attached to the vehicle body.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the battery pack 3 described in the above embodiment has brackets 3c and 3d before and after being fixed to the cross member 7 among the brackets 3c, 3d and 3e of the battery pack 3. A bracket vertical portion 3k bent in an L shape when viewed from the side may be formed, and the bracket vertical portion 3k may be fixed to the cross member 7 from the front-rear direction.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the first fixing means 81 is inserted through the lateral hole 7b of the cross member 7 from the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 4 and screwed into the female screw portion 3m formed in the bracket vertical portion 3k. Thus, the battery pack 3 may be held by fixing the bracket vertical portions 3k provided before and after the battery pack 3.

  As described above, the battery pack 3 is provided with the bracket vertical portion 3k having the female screw portion 3m, and the cross member 7 is provided with the lateral hole 7b, whereby the first fixing means 81 is connected to the vehicle body frame from the front-rear direction of the battery pack 3. Since it can fix to 41, it can work in the position avoided from the downward direction of the heavy battery pack 3. FIG.

[Fourth modification]
FIG. 12 is a view showing a fourth modification of the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a left side view showing a state when the battery pack is attached to the vehicle body. FIG. 13 is a view showing a fourth modification of the battery pack fixing structure of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view showing a state when the battery pack is attached to the vehicle body.

Further, the battery pack 3 described in the embodiment may be configured by a plurality of battery modules 31 and 32 as in the battery pack 30 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, the fixing means 8 includes a pair of sides 31 a and 32 a (for example, front and rear side surfaces) that independently face a plurality of battery modules 31 and 32 that are formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. ) Are fixed to the vehicle body 4 so as to be releasable from below the floor panel 5, respectively, and a pair of sides 31b, 32b (for example, left and right side surfaces) adjacent to the pair of sides 31a, 32a are respectively connected to the vehicle. And second fixing means 82 for releasably fixing from the inside of the chamber R.
The second fixing means 82 is configured to support the weight of the battery pack 30 at least when the first fixing means 81 is released.

In addition, each battery module 31, 32 is provided with brackets 31 c, 31 d, 31 b, 31 d, 31 b, 31 d, 31 b, 31 b, 31 d, 3 d, 3 e (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 31e, 32c, 32d, and 32e are projected.
The vehicle body frame 41 is provided with a center frame 43 extending over the center of the pair of front and rear cross members 7. The center frame 43 is disposed between the battery modules 31 and 32, and brackets 31e and 32e protruding from the central side surface of the battery modules 31 and 32 are provided with second fixing means 82 provided from the vehicle compartment R side. Is screwed in.

  Thus, the battery pack 30 may be divided into a plurality of battery modules 31 and 32 and fixed to the vehicle body frame 41. In this case, since the battery pack 30 is divided, the weight of the battery modules 31 and 32 can be reduced by the divided amount, so that the attaching / detaching operation to the vehicle body frame 41 is facilitated. Further, the fixing means 8 for fixing the battery pack 30 to the vehicle body frame 41 is obtained by dividing the battery pack 30 into a plurality of battery modules 31 and 32 and newly providing the vehicle body frame 41 with a center frame 43. Although the number of the fixing means 8 increases, the fastening force can be distributed according to the number, so that the fastening force of each fixing means 8 can be lowered.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric vehicle 2 Battery 3, 30 Battery pack 31, 32 Battery module 4 Car body 5 Floor panel 8 Fixing means 81 1st fixing means 82 2nd fixing means R Cab M M Traveling motor

Claims (7)

A battery pack fixing structure of an electric vehicle installed below a floor panel of an electric vehicle driven by electric power from a battery,
The battery pack has a first fixing means for fixing a pair of opposing sides of the battery pack formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view to the vehicle body so as to be releasable from below the floor panel;
Fixed to the vehicle body by second fixing means for fixing the side adjacent to the pair of sides of the battery pack to the vehicle body so as to be releasable from the vehicle interior side,
The battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle, wherein the second fixing means supports the weight of the battery pack at least when the first fixing means is released.   The battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first fixing means and the second fixing means are bolts.   3. Either one of said 1st fixing means and said 2nd fixing means is arrange | positioned in line symmetry in the sides which the said battery pack opposes in planar view, respectively. The fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle described in 1.   3. The device according to claim 1, wherein one of the first fixing unit and the second fixing unit is arranged point-symmetrically on opposite sides of the battery pack in plan view. The fixing structure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle described in 1.   The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second fixing means is provided on a pair of sides facing in the vehicle width direction of the battery pack in a plan view. Battery pack fixing structure. A battery pack fixing structure of an electric vehicle installed below a floor panel of an electric vehicle driven by electric power from a battery,
The battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery modules,
The plurality of battery modules are fixed to the vehicle body so that a pair of independently facing sides of the plurality of battery modules formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view can be released from below the floor panel. Fixing means;
Fixed to the vehicle body by second fixing means for releasably fixing a pair of sides adjacent to the pair of sides from the vehicle interior side,
The battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle, wherein the second fixing means supports the weight of the battery pack at least when the first fixing means is released. A method for removing a battery pack fixed to the vehicle body by a battery pack fixing structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 1,
When removing the battery pack from the vehicle body, the second fixing means is released after releasing the first fixing means.

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