JP2012086141A - Filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new filter which can control the amount of treated water stored in a water storage chamber and set the intake of the treated water per unit time to be at least the amount of raw water to be supplied per unit time.SOLUTION: The filter 1 comprises a filter body A and a control part B. The execution/stop of an water intake in the filter body A and the opening/closing of each of a treated water valve 71 and a back washing valve 91 are carried out by the control part B in accordance with the amount of the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3 which is detected by a water amount detection part 10.

Description

  The present invention relates to a filtration device having a water storage chamber in an upper part of a filtration chamber and having a function of backwashing a filter medium in the filtration chamber with treated water stored in the water storage chamber.

  Recently, a filtration device (backwashing water self-contained pressure filter) having a water storage chamber at the top of the filtration chamber and having a function of backwashing the filter medium with treated water stored in the water storage chamber has been developed (for example, , See Patent Document 1 below).

  In the filtration device 100 described in Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. 10, first, the raw water is taken into the upstream portion 141 of the filtration chamber 14 through the raw water intake pipe 16 by opening the raw water electric on-off valve 161. The raw water taken into the upstream part 141 of the filtration chamber 14 is filtered by passing through the filter medium tank 15 from the upstream part 141 toward the downstream part 142 to become treated water. The treated water is transported to the water storage chamber 13 through the water collecting pipe 18 and is sequentially stored in the water storage chamber 13.

  One end of the treated water feed pipe 17 for supplying treated water (open end 171 on the treated water inlet side) is opened at the upper part in the water storage chamber 13 through the wall surface of the filtration device 100. Thus, the treated water is stored in the water storage chamber 13 until the water level in the water storage chamber 13 reaches a position exceeding the open end 171 of the treated water supply pipe 17. The amount of treated water that exceeds the position of the open end 171 of the treated water supply pipe 17 flows into the open end 171 of the treated water supply pipe 17 and is automatically supplied to the outside of the filtration device 1 through the treated water supply pipe 17. Is done.

  In addition, when the filter medium tank 15 is backwashed in the filtering device 100 described in Patent Document 1, the raw water electric on-off valve 161 is closed and the backwash electric on-off valve 191 is opened to store water in the water storage chamber 13. The treated water that has been returned is returned to the downstream portion 142 of the filtration chamber 14. The treated water returned to the downstream part 142 of the filtration chamber 14 passes through the filter medium tank 15 from the downstream part 142 toward the upstream part 141 to backwash the filter medium tank 15. The treated water subjected to the backwash is discharged through the backwash water drain pipe 19.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-1000079

  By the way, in order to backwash the filter medium, it is necessary to pass a relatively large amount of backwash water at a stretch from the lower part to the upper part of the filter medium.

  With regard to this point, in the filtration device described in Patent Document 1, an amount of treated water sufficient for backwashing is always stored in the reservoir by opening the open end of the treated water pipe at the upper part of the reservoir. To be.

  However, in the filtration apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the supply amount of treated water per unit time cannot be set to be greater than the intake amount of raw water per unit time.

  This is because, in the filtration device described in Patent Document 1, the portion of the treated water stored in the water storage chamber that exceeds the position of the open end of the treated water supply pipe is removed from the filtration device via the treated water supply pipe. Since it is the structure which supplies automatically, the water level of the treated water which exists in a water storage chamber always exists in the vicinity of the opening end of a treated water water pipe.

  For this reason, if the treated water is forcibly supplied using a suction pump or the like, the level of the treated water immediately existing in the water storage chamber is lowered from the position of the open end of the treated water supply pipe and cannot be supplied.

  Therefore, in the filtration device described in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the supply amount of treated water per unit time, it is necessary to increase the intake amount of raw water per unit time.

  However, in the filtration device described in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the supply amount of treated water per unit time by increasing the intake amount of raw water per unit time, both the filtration chamber and the water storage chamber are sealed. It is necessary to make the pressure vessel in a state, and the width of selection of the material becomes narrow and the cost increases in order to ensure rigidity.

  The present invention has been developed to solve the above technical problem, and controls the amount of treated water stored in a water storage chamber provided in the upper part of the filtration device, so that a sufficient amount can be obtained during backwashing. An object of the present invention is to provide a novel filtration device capable of backwashing a filter medium with treated water.

  The filtration device of the present invention includes a hollow filtration tank, a partition partitioning the inside of the filtration tank into a water storage chamber on the upper side and a filtration chamber on the lower side, an upper filtration chamber on the upper side, and a lower lower portion on the filtration chamber A treated water supply pipe equipped with a treated water on-off valve for supplying a filtering medium partitioned into a filtering chamber, a raw water intake pipe for taking raw water into the upper filtering chamber, and a treated water passing through the filtering medium from the lower filtering chamber And a water collecting pipe for transporting excess treated water to the capacity of the lower filtration chamber into the water storage chamber, and a backwash opening / closing that communicates with the upper filtration chamber through the wall of the filtration tank and opens toward the upper filtration chamber Executes water intake according to the amount of water detected by the water amount detection unit for the `` filter unit main body '' comprising a backwash water drain pipe equipped with a valve and a water amount detection unit for detecting the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber / Stop, command to open / close treated water on / off valve and backwash on / off valve Characterized by comprising a "control unit".

  In the filtering device of the present invention, when the raw water is taken in the filtering device main body, the raw water is introduced into the upper filtration chamber via the raw water intake pipe, and passes from the upper part to the lower part of the filter medium by gravity, and the treated water And stored in the lower filtration chamber.

  In addition, as a means for introducing raw water into the upper filtration chamber through the raw water intake pipe, a normal pump is used, but it is not limited to this. For example, raw water may be stored in a water tank disposed at a higher position than the main body of the filtration device, and raw water may be introduced into the upper filtration chamber via a raw water intake pipe using water head pressure.

  When the treated water on-off valve is opened in the filter main body, treated water is supplied from the lower filtration chamber via the treated water supply pipe.

  Here, when the supply amount of treated water per unit time is smaller than the intake amount of raw water per unit time (including the case where the supply amount is zero), the excess amount relative to the capacity of the lower filtration chamber The treated water thus obtained is transported to the water storage chamber via the water collection pipe by the supply pressure of the raw water and stored in the water storage chamber.

  On the other hand, if the supply amount of treated water per unit time exceeds the intake amount of raw water per unit time, the treated water stored in the reservoir will be collected from the water level and concentration of the treated water stored in the reservoir. The water head pressure generated between the other end of the water pipe is returned to the lower filtration chamber through the water collection pipe.

  In other words, the filtration device main body is configured to be able to supply the treated water stored in the water storage chamber in addition to the treated water stored in the lower filtration chamber. Even when the amount of raw water is exceeded, treated water can be stably supplied.

  Of the treated water stored in the water storage chamber, the treated water that can be substantially supplied is stored water that exceeds the opening position of the water collection pipe that opens toward the water storage chamber among the treated water stored in the water storage chamber. (Hereinafter referred to as “substantial moisture storage”). Accordingly, in the present invention, by setting the opening position of the water collecting pipe that opens toward the water storage chamber as low as possible in the water storage chamber, the ratio of the substantial water storage to the treated water stored in the water storage chamber is improved. It is preferable to make it.

  The backwashing of the filter medium in the filter body is performed by stopping the intake of raw water and closing the treated water on-off valve and then opening the backwash on-off valve. When the backwash on / off valve is opened with the water intake stopped and the treated water on / off valve closed, the treated water stored in the water storage chamber is returned to the lower filtration chamber via the water collection pipe by the head pressure. It passes from the lower part of the filter medium toward the upper part and is discharged out of the filtration tank through the backwash water drain pipe.

  The filtration device main body in the present invention further includes a water amount detection unit that detects the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber. And in the filtration apparatus of this invention, according to the water quantity detected by the water quantity detection part with respect to the filtration apparatus main body, the execution / stop of water intake and the opening / closing of the treated water on-off valve and backwash on-off valve are instructed. It has the greatest feature in that it has a control unit.

  Here, in the present invention, “opening” does not mean only the state where the valve is opened to the maximum (the state where the valve opening is maximum), but the valve is throttled and the amount of water flow is reduced. The reduced state is also included in “opening”. On the other hand, “closure” means a state in which the valve is completely closed (a state in which the valve opening is zero). Therefore, “open / close” means to adjust the opening of the valve. Also, “instructing opening” for a valve that has already been “opened” means giving an instruction to maintain the opening. Similarly, “command to close” for a valve that is already “closed” means to give a command to maintain the plug.

  When the raw water intake pipe is equipped with a raw water on / off valve, the raw water intake pipe is opened / closed in response to a water intake execution / stop command from the control unit. Preferably. When a pump is used as a means for introducing raw water into the raw water intake pipe, the pump is operated / stopped in response to a water intake execution / stop command from the control unit. May be.

  In the filtering device of the present invention, for example, when the water amount detection unit determines that the amount of treated water stored in the water storage chamber is small, the control unit instructs to close the treated water on-off valve, or opens / closes the treated water. If a command to reduce the valve opening is given, the amount of raw water taken per unit time will increase with respect to the amount of treated water supplied per unit time, giving priority to the treated water in the reservoir. Can be transported. On the other hand, if the control unit gives a command to stop intake of raw water when it is determined by the water amount detection unit that the amount of treated water stored in the reservoir is large, overflow of the treated water can be prevented. be able to. Thereby, the amount of treated water stored in the water storage chamber can be controlled.

  In addition, when a pump is used as a means for introducing raw water into the upper filtration chamber via the raw water intake pipe, when the amount of treated water stored in the water storage chamber is judged to be small by the water amount detection unit If the control unit gives a command to increase the pumping amount of the pump, the treated water can be stored in the water storage chamber more quickly.

  By the way, since the filtration device of the present invention has a mechanism for backwashing the filter medium with the treated water stored in the water storage chamber, in order to sufficiently backwash the filter medium, A sufficient amount of treated water must be stored in the room to backwash the filter medium.

  In this regard, when the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber detected by the water amount detection unit at the start of backwashing is less than the reference water storage amount, the control unit performs water intake and closes the treated water on-off valve and backwash on-off valve. If the control unit commands the stoppage of water intake, closing of the treatment water on-off valve, and opening of the backwash on-off valve when the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber satisfies the reference water storage amount, a sufficient amount is always obtained. The filter medium can be backwashed with the treated water.

  In addition, after the backwashing is started, if the control unit commands the closing of the backwash on / off valve when the water storage volume detected by the water volume detection unit becomes the minimum water storage amount, the end point of the backwashing is determined. While being able to set, consumption of unnecessary treated water can be suppressed.

  In particular, if the control unit commands the closing of the backwash on / off valve and the execution of water intake when the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber detected by the water amount detection unit becomes the minimum amount of water after the start of backwashing, After the washing, raw water intake is started immediately, and it can be prepared for the subsequent supply of treated water and the subsequent backwashing.

  Here, the “reference water storage amount” and the “minimum water storage amount” are set such that the difference between the reference water storage amount and the minimum water storage amount is equal to or greater than the amount of treated water sufficient to backwash the filter medium. What is necessary is just to set suitably according to the material and volume of a filter medium, the quality of raw | natural water, the scale of a filtration apparatus, etc.

  In the filtering device of the present invention, the start of each process of taking raw water, supplying treated water, and backwashing may be made so that some signal is transmitted to the control unit to notify the start of each process. For example, when an operator manually operates a switch electrically connected to the control unit, an electric signal for transmitting the start of each process is given to the control unit, or a timer is used to measure the time. And a means for automatically giving an electric signal for transmitting the start of backwashing to the control unit.

  The filtration device of the present invention further includes a pressure detection unit that detects the internal pressure of the upper filtration chamber, and when the pressure detection unit detects a pressure that is equal to or higher than a set level, the control unit commands the start of backwashing. It is preferable to do so.

  That is, when the raw water is filtered, the filter medium is gradually clogged, and the water permeability of the filter medium decreases, so as the clogging of the filter medium progresses, the internal pressure of the upper filtration chamber existing above the filter medium is To increase.

  From this, when the internal pressure of the upper filtration chamber is detected by the pressure detection unit, and when a pressure higher than the set level is detected, if the control unit that has received a signal to that effect instructs the start of backwashing, When the backwashing of the filter medium becomes necessary, the filter medium can be backwashed automatically. The set level is a matter that should be determined appropriately by the user of the filter device according to the type of filter medium, the pressure resistance of the filter device, and the like, and is not particularly limited. For example, at the start of use of the filtration device, or when the internal pressure of the upper filtration chamber after replacement of the filter medium is set to the reference value (= 1), and the internal pressure of the filtration chamber increases by about 0.01 to 0.05 MPa from the reference value The setting level may be determined so that backwashing is started.

  According to the filtration device of the present invention, the amount of treated water stored in the water storage chamber can be controlled, and the filter medium can be backwashed with a sufficient amount of treated water during backwashing.

Drawing 1 is a mimetic diagram showing the filtration device main part in the filtration device of the present invention concerning an embodiment. FIG. 2 shows (a) when taking raw water, (b) when supplying treated water (supply amount <raw water intake amount), and (c) when supplying treated water (supply amount> raw water intake amount). , And (d) It is explanatory drawing which shows each state at the time of backwashing. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the filtration device of the present invention according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing control at the time of supplying treated water in the filtration device of the present invention according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing control during backwashing in the filtration device of the present invention according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a filtration device of the present invention provided with a raw water intake start switch. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a filtering device of the present invention in which a control unit is incorporated in the filtering device body together with each switch. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the filtration device of the present invention that automatically starts backwashing in response to a signal from the pressure detector. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the filtration device of the present invention that controls the increase and decrease of the pumped water amount of the pump P. FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a conventional filtration device.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the filtration device of the present invention will be described. The filtration device of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the filtration device main body A includes a hollow filtration tank 2, a partition wall 21 that divides the inside of the filtration tank 2 into an upper water storage chamber 3 and a lower filtration chamber 4, and the filtration chamber 4 Is further divided into an upper filtration chamber 41 on the upper side and a lower filtration chamber 42 on the lower side, a raw water intake pipe 6 for taking raw water into the upper filtration chamber 41, and treated water that has passed through the filter material 5. A treated water supply pipe 7 provided with a treated water opening / closing valve 71 for supplying from the lower filtration chamber 42, and a water collection pipe for transporting the treated water that is excessive relative to the capacity of the lower filtration chamber 42 into the water storage chamber 3. 8, a backwash water drain pipe 9 having a backwash on / off valve 91 that communicates with the upper filtration chamber 41 through the wall surface of the filtration tank 2 and opens into the upper filtration chamber 41, and water storage in the water storage chamber 3. And a water amount detection unit 10 (10H, 10L) for detecting the amount.

  The filtration device main body A has a hollow cylindrical filtration tank 2 as a main body.

  The filtration tank 2 is partitioned into a water storage chamber 3 on the upper side and a filtration chamber 4 on the lower side by a partition wall 21 that divides the inside of the filtration tank 2 up and down.

  The water storage chamber 3 is provided with an opening 22 in the ceiling, and is designed so that the air pressure inside and outside the water storage chamber 3 is always equal. That is, since no extreme internal pressure is generated in the water storage chamber 3 in the filtration device 1 according to this embodiment, it is sufficient for the strength of the water storage chamber 3 to be rigid enough to store treated water. Accordingly, the outer wall of the water storage chamber 3 can be formed using a relatively inexpensive material such as general-purpose plastic.

  On the other hand, the internal pressure of the filtration chamber 4 changes depending on the supply amount of raw water, the intake amount of treated water, the degree of clogging of the filter medium 5, and the like. For this reason, in this embodiment, the filtration chamber 4 is formed by FRP with high rigidity. In addition, the partition wall 21 that vertically partitions the interior of the water storage chamber 3 has a dome shape that gently swells upward from the peripheral portion toward the center portion, and rounds the corners of the bottom wall of the filtration chamber 4 to round the bottom of the filtration chamber 4. Improves pressure resistance. Further, the filtration chamber 4 is provided with a pressure detector 11 that measures the internal pressure of the upper filtration chamber 41 in the filtration chamber 4. In addition, the filtration chamber 4 is provided with a relief valve 43 that automatically opens when the internal pressure of the filtration chamber 4 exceeds an allowable level, so that the internal pressure of the filtration chamber 4 does not become extremely large. I am doing so.

  The filter medium 5 is a layer of sand laid on the filter medium mounting base 51 disposed in the filter chamber 4 so as to have a constant laminated thickness. The filter medium installation base 51 is obtained by fitting strainers 54 to a plurality of through holes 53 provided in a plate-shaped installation base main body 52. That is, the filter medium mounting base 51 is provided with water permeability by the strainer 54.

  The raw water intake pipe 6 includes a raw water on-off valve 61, and when the raw water on-off valve 61 is opened, raw water is introduced into the upper filtration chamber 41 through the raw water intake pipe 6. The pumping of the raw water is performed by the pump P. In the present embodiment, the open end 62 of the raw water intake pipe 6 that opens in the upper filtration chamber 41 is bent upward. Thereby, raw | natural water is discharged toward the upper direction of the upper filtration chamber 41, and falls sequentially, diffusing. That is, the raw water is prevented from being biased to a part of the filter medium 5 during water intake.

  The treated water supply pipe 7 includes a treated water on-off valve 71, and the treated water stored in the lower filtration chamber 42 is passed through the treated water supply pipe 7 by opening the treated water on-off valve 71. Supplied.

  A plurality of the water collecting pipes 8 are erected through the partition wall 21, the filter medium 5, and the filter medium installation base 51. The lower end of the water collecting pipe 8 that passes through the filter medium mounting base 51 and protrudes into the lower filtration chamber 42 is bent toward the periphery of the lower filtration chamber 42. Further, the position (height) of the upper end opening 81 of the water collecting pipe 8 that penetrates the partition wall 21 and protrudes into the water storage chamber 3 is set to be the position (height) of the top of the dome-shaped partition wall 21. ing.

  The backwash water drain pipe 9 includes a backwash on / off valve 91. The backwash water drain pipe 9 passes through the partition wall 21, the filter medium 5, and the filter medium installation base 51 in the vertical direction along the central axis of the cylindrical filter tank 2, and is bent in the horizontal direction in the lower filtration chamber 42, It passes through the wall surface of the filtration tank 2 (the wall surface of the lower filtration chamber 42) and communicates with the outside. The upper end protruding through the partition wall 21 in the backwash water drain pipe 9 is closed, and the drain opening toward the inside of the upper filtration chamber 41 at a position near the lower surface of the partition wall 21 in the backwash water drain pipe 9. An outlet 92 is provided. An upper end portion of the backwash water drain pipe 9 protruding into the water storage chamber 3 communicates with an air vent valve 93 disposed on the outer wall of the filtration tank 2.

  The water amount detection unit 10 includes a high water level detection unit 10H and a low water level detection unit 10L. The high water level detection unit 10 </ b> H is disposed at a position corresponding to the reference water storage amount in the water storage chamber 3, and the low water level detection unit 10 </ b> L is disposed at a position corresponding to the minimum water storage amount in the water storage chamber 3. The reference water storage amount and the minimum water storage amount are determined so that the difference between the water amounts is sufficient to backwash the filter medium 5. In the present embodiment, the position of the low water level detection unit 10L is arranged according to the position of the air vent valve 93, and the arrangement of the high water level detection unit 10H is determined based on this position.

  The water amount detection unit 10 is not particularly limited as long as it can measure the amount of treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3. For example, a float may be floated in the water storage chamber 3 and the amount of water stored may be measured according to the float position of the float in the water storage chamber 3. In addition, a water pressure sensor may be provided in the lower part of the water storage chamber 3 so that the water amount is measured according to the water pressure that changes in accordance with the water storage amount of the treated water. Further, the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber 3 may be calculated by converting the capacity of the filtration chamber 4, the amount of raw water taken, the amount of treated water supplied, the amount of treated water used for backwashing, and the like. good.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, in the filtering apparatus main body A, the raw water is introduced into the upper filtration chamber 41 by opening the raw water on-off valve 61 after operating the pump P ( The amount of water taken per unit time of this raw water is assumed to be X). The raw water introduced into the upper filtration chamber 41 is filtered by passing through the filter medium 5 from the upper part toward the lower part by gravity, and is stored in the lower filtration chamber 42 as treated water.

  At this time, the air accumulated in the upper portion of the upper filtration chamber 41 is sequentially discharged out of the filtration tank 2 through the discharge port 92 and the air vent valve 93. The air vent valve 93 is automatically closed when there is no more air to be discharged.

  In this state, when the treated water opening / closing valve 71 provided in the treated water supply pipe 7 is opened, treated water is supplied from the lower filtration chamber 42 via the treated water supply pipe 7 (this treated water supply). Let the amount be Y).

  That is, in the filtration apparatus main body A, the treated water that has passed through the filter medium 5 and accumulated in the lower filtration chamber 42 passes directly from the lower filtration chamber 42 via the treated water supply pipe 7 that communicates with the lower filtration chamber 42. Can supply.

  Here, when the supply amount Y of treated water per unit time is smaller than the intake amount X of raw water per unit time (Y <X), as shown in FIG. The treated water that has become excessive with respect to the capacity of the water is transported to the water storage chamber 3 through the water collecting pipe 8 by the introduction pressure of the raw water by the pump P and stored. Note that the filtration device main body A is provided with an overflow pipe 31 having one end opened in the upper part of the water storage chamber 3 and the other end communicated with the outside of the filtration tank 2. If the stored treated water exceeds the upper opening end of the overflow pipe 31, the surplus treated water is discharged out of the filtration tank 2 through the drain pipe 31.

  On the other hand, when the supply amount Y of the treated water per unit time exceeds the intake amount X of the raw water per unit time (Y> X), as shown in FIG. Substantial water storage in the treated water is lowered through the water collecting pipe 8 due to the water head pressure generated between the water level of the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3 and the position of the upper end opening 81 of the water collecting pipe 8. Returned to the filtration chamber 42.

  That is, the filtration apparatus main body A arranges the water storage chamber 3 at a position above the filtration chamber 4, and sequentially stores the treated water in an excess amount with respect to the capacity of the lower filtration chamber 42 in the water storage chamber 3, and unit time When the supply amount of treated water per unit exceeds the intake amount of raw water per unit time, the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3 is filtered through the collecting pipe 8 by the difference between the supply amount and the intake amount. It is configured to be returned to the chamber 42. Thereby, even when the supply amount of the treated water per unit time exceeds the intake amount of the raw water per unit time, the treated water stored in the lower filtration chamber 42 and the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3 are stored. The treated water can be stably obtained until the substantial water storage is completely supplied.

  Further, as described above, in the filtering apparatus main body A, the position (height) of the upper end opening 81 of the water collecting pipe 8 that penetrates the partition wall 21 and protrudes into the water storage chamber 3 is set at the top of the dome-shaped partition wall 21. The position (height) is set. That is, in the filtering apparatus main body A, the processing of the water stored in the water storage chamber 3 is performed by setting the position of the upper end opening 81 of the water collecting pipe 8 as low as possible in the water storage chamber 3 (near the upper surface of the partition wall 21). The ratio of the substantial water storage to the amount of water is improved so that the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3 can be used without waste.

  As shown in FIG. 2D, when the raw water on-off valve 61 and the treated water on-off valve 71 are closed and the backwash on-off valve 91 is opened, the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3 is stored in the water storage chamber. 3 is returned to the lower filtration chamber 42 via the water collection pipe 8 due to the head pressure generated between the water level of the treated water stored in 3 and the upper end opening 81 of the water collection pipe 8. The treated water returned to the lower filtration chamber 42 passes from the lower part of the filter medium 5 toward the upper part, and is filtered through the backwash water drain pipe 9 from the discharge port 92 provided at the upper part of the back wash water drain pipe 9. It is discharged out of the tank 2. Thus, the filter medium 5 is backwashed with the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3.

  In the present embodiment, since the lower end of the water collecting pipe 8 that passes through the filter medium mounting base 51 and opens into the lower filtration chamber 42 is bent toward the periphery of the lower filtration chamber 42, the water collection pipe 8 is The treated water returned to the lower filtration chamber 42 is diffused in the lower filtration chamber 42. Thus, the treated water passes through the entire surface of the filter medium 5 without unevenness.

  In addition, since the treated water used for the back washing soars the sand constituting the filter medium 5 into the upper filtration chamber 41 together with the dirt adhering to the filter medium 5, the discharge port 92 is as high as possible in the upper filtration chamber 41. It is preferable to provide at a position close to. Moreover, it is preferable to provide a plurality of discharge ports 92 around the backwash water drain pipe 9 so that treated water subjected to backwash is introduced into the backwash water drain pipe 92 from multiple directions.

  The filtration device 1 according to the present embodiment is configured such that each of the raw water on-off valve 61, the treated water on-off valve 71, and the backwash on-off valve 91 is supplied to the filtration device main body A according to the amount of water detected by the water amount detection unit 10. The control part B which commands opening / closing of the is provided.

  As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 3, the raw water on-off valve 61, the treated water on-off valve 71, and the backwash on-off valve 91 in the filtration device main body A are opened / closed by a control unit B equipped with an arithmetic logic unit. Is controlled by. The control unit B is disposed on the external operation panel C together with the treated water supply start switch C1 and the backwash start switch C2. The timing of opening / closing varies depending on the amount of treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3, but when the treated water supply start switch C1 on the external operation panel C is operated, the control unit B opens the raw water on / off valve 61. Order. In response to this command, the raw water on-off valve 61 is opened and intake of raw water is started. On the other hand, the control part B commands opening of the treated water on-off valve 71. In response to this command, the treated water on-off valve 71 is opened and the supply of treated water is started.

  Further, although the opening / closing timing varies depending on the amount of treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3, when the backwash start switch C2 on the external operation panel C is operated, the control unit B causes the raw water on-off valve 61 and the processing water to flow. Command to close the water on / off valve 71 and to open the backwash on / off valve 91. In response to this command, the raw water on-off valve 61 and the treated water on-off valve 71 are closed, and the backwash on-off valve 91 is opened to start back plugging.

  The water amount detection unit 10 in the filtration apparatus main body A detects the amount of treated water stored in the water storage chamber and gives a signal related to the detected water storage amount to the control unit B. In this embodiment, when the water level of the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3 corresponds to the position of the high water level detection unit 10H, the water amount detection unit 10 transmits a signal to that effect to the control unit B. On the other hand, when the water level of the treated water stored in the water storage chamber 3 corresponds to the position of the low water level detection unit 10L, a signal to that effect is transmitted to the control unit B. Receiving the signal, the control unit B commands opening / closing of the raw water on-off valve 61, the treated water on-off valve 71, and the backwash on-off valve 91.

  Hereinafter, control of each valve by the control unit B will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 4 and 5. For convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the pump P for pumping raw water operates with the raw water on-off valve 61 open and stops with the raw water on-off valve 61 closed. In addition, the amount of raw water taken is greater than the amount of treated water supplied.

<Control during treatment water supply>
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4, when the treated water supply start switch C1 in the external operation panel C is operated (ON) and a treated water supply start command is given (S20), the control unit B first performs treated water supply. The raw water on / off valve 61 is commanded to be opened while the on / off valve 71 is kept closed (S21). As a result, the raw water on-off valve 61 is opened, and the raw water is introduced into the upper filtration chamber 41.

  Then, the control part B confirms the signal from the water quantity detection part 10, and judges whether the minimum water storage amount is satisfy | filled (S22). While the minimum water storage amount is not satisfied, the treated water on / off valve 71 is kept closed. When the minimum water storage amount is satisfied, the control unit B commands opening of the treated water on-off valve 71 (S23). As a result, the treated water on-off valve 71 is opened and treated water is supplied from the lower filtration chamber 42.

  After starting the supply of treated water, the control unit B checks the signal from the water amount detection unit 10 and determines whether or not the reference water storage amount is satisfied (S24). When the reference water storage amount is satisfied, the raw water on-off valve 61 is instructed to be closed (S25).

  After the raw water on-off valve 61 is closed, the control unit B determines whether or not the minimum water storage amount is satisfied (S26). The supply of treated water continues while the minimum water reserve is being met.

  When the minimum water storage amount is no longer satisfied, the control unit commands to close the treated water on-off valve 71 and also to open the raw water on-off valve (S21).

  Thereafter, S21 to S26 are repeated until the treated water supply start switch C1 is operated (OFF) and the treated water supply start command is canceled. Note that when the treated water supply start command is canceled, the treated water on-off valve 71 and the raw water on-off valve 61 are closed.

<Control during backwashing>
As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, when the backwash start switch C2 on the external operation panel C is operated (ON) and a backwash start command is given (S30), the control unit B indicates that the treated water on / off valve 71 is It is determined whether or not the stopper is opened (S31), and if the treated water on-off valve 71 is opened, an instruction to close the treated water on-off valve 71 is given (S32).

  Next, the control unit confirms the signal from the water amount detection unit 10 and determines whether or not the reference water storage amount is satisfied (S33). When the reference water storage amount is satisfied, the control unit B commands opening of the backwash opening / closing valve 91 and closing of the raw water opening / closing valve 61 (S34). Thereby, the backwashing of the filter medium 5 is started.

  On the other hand, when the reference water storage amount is not satisfied, the control unit B determines whether or not the raw water on-off valve 61 is opened (S35). When the raw water on-off valve 61 is opened, the control unit B checks the signal from the water amount detection unit 10 until the reference water storage amount is satisfied (S33). When the raw water on-off valve 61 is closed, the control unit B commands opening of the raw water on-off valve 61 (S36), and confirms the signal from the water amount detection unit 10 until the reference water storage amount is satisfied (S33). .

  Thereafter, when the reference water storage amount is satisfied, the control unit B commands opening of the backwash opening / closing valve 91 and closing of the raw water opening / closing valve 61 (S34).

  After the start of backwashing, the control unit B confirms the signal from the water amount detection unit 10 and determines whether or not the minimum water storage amount is satisfied (S37).

  When the minimum water storage amount is satisfied, the backwashing is continued as it is. However, when the minimum water storage amount is not satisfied due to the continuation of the backwashing, the control unit B closes the backwash opening / closing valve 91 and the raw water. Command to open the on-off valve 61 (S38).

  Then, the control part B confirms the signal from the water quantity detection part 10, and judges whether the reference | standard water storage amount is satisfy | filled (S39). When the reference water storage amount is satisfied, the control unit B commands to close the raw water on-off valve 61 (S40). As a result, the treated water is again filled in the water storage chamber 3 to prepare for the subsequent supply of treated water and the subsequent backwashing.

  In the present embodiment, by operating the treated water supply start switch C1, the intake of raw water and the supply of treated water are started. However, a switch for instructing only the intake of raw water (start of raw water intake) By further providing the switch C3), the raw water may be taken in with the supply of the treated water stopped. In this case, the block diagram of the filtration device 1 is as shown in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the external operation panel C is made independent from the filtration device main body A to enable remote operation, but each of the treated water supply start switch C1, the backwash start switch C2, etc. A switch may be incorporated in the filtering apparatus main body A together with the control unit B. In this case, the block diagram of the filtration device 1 is as shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the backwash start command is given by operating the backwash start switch C2 on the external operation panel C. However, in addition to the operation of the backwash start switch C2, the upper filtration chamber When the pressure detection unit 11 that measures the internal pressure 41 detects a pressure equal to or higher than the set level, a backwash start command may be automatically given. As a result, when the filter medium 5 needs to be backwashed, the filter medium 5 can be backwashed in a timely manner. In this case, the block diagram of the filtration device 1 is as shown in FIG.

  In addition, in this embodiment, when the raw water on-off valve 61 is opened / closed, the control unit B controls the operation / stop of the pump P. Based on the transmitted signal, the control unit B may control increase / decrease in the pumping amount of the pump P. In this case, the block diagram of the filtration device 1 is as shown in FIG. In addition, increase / decrease in the pumping amount of the pump P can be easily performed by using an inverter etc., for example.

  The filtration device of the present invention can be suitably used particularly when supplying treated water to a relatively large aquarium such as a fish river bank, an aquarium, or a pool.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filtration apparatus 2 Filtration tank 21 Bulkhead 3 Water storage chamber 4 Filtration chamber 41 Upper filtration chamber 42 Lower filtration chamber 5 Filter medium 6 Raw water intake pipe 61 Raw water on-off valve 7 Treated water supply pipe 71 Treated water on-off valve 8 Collecting pipe 9 Backwash water drainage Pipe 91 Backwash valve 10 Water detection unit 11 Pressure detection unit A Filtration device main body B Control unit C External operation panel P Pump

Claims (7)

A hollow filtration tank;
A partition partitioning the inside of the filtration tank into an upper water storage chamber and a lower filtration chamber;
A filter medium further dividing the filtration chamber into an upper filtration chamber on the upper side and a lower filtration chamber on the lower side;
A raw water intake pipe for taking raw water into the upper filtration chamber;
A treated water supply pipe having a treated water on-off valve for supplying treated water that has passed through the filter medium from the lower filtration chamber;
A water collection pipe for transporting excess treated water to the capacity of the lower filtration chamber into the reservoir,
A backwash water drain pipe having a backwash on / off valve that communicates with the upper filtration chamber through the wall of the filtration tank and opens toward the upper filtration chamber;
A water amount detector for detecting the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber;
For the filtration device body comprising
A filtration device comprising: a control unit that commands execution / stop of water intake, opening / closing of a treated water on-off valve and backwash on-off valve according to the amount of water detected by a water amount detection unit. The filtration device according to claim 1,
The main body of the filtration device further comprises a pump for introducing raw water into the raw water intake pipe, and in response to the water volume detected by the water volume detection unit, the pump operation is performed in response to a water intake execution / stop command from the control unit. / Filtration device to be stopped. The filtration device according to claim 1 or 2,
The raw water intake pipe is provided with a raw water on / off valve, and a filtration device that opens / closes the raw water on / off valve in response to a water intake execution / stop command from the control unit. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
When the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber detected by the water amount detection unit is less than the reference water storage amount at the start of backwashing, the control unit commands the execution of water intake and the closure of the treated water on-off valve and backwash on-off valve. A filtering device in which the control unit commands to stop water intake, close the treated water on-off valve, and open the backwash on-off valve when the indoor water storage amount meets the reference water storage amount. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A filtration device in which the control unit commands the closing of the backwash on / off valve when the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber detected by the water amount detection unit becomes the minimum water storage amount after the start of backwashing. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A filtration device in which the control unit commands the closure of the backwash on / off valve and the execution of water intake when the amount of water stored in the water storage chamber detected by the water amount detection unit becomes the minimum water storage amount after the start of backwashing. The filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The filtration device further includes a pressure detection unit that detects an internal pressure of the upper filtration chamber, and the control unit commands the start of backwashing when a pressure equal to or higher than a set level is detected in the pressure detection unit.

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