JP2012079445A - Lighting fixture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting fixture in which light can be utilized efficiently.SOLUTION: The lighting fixture is equipped with a light source 1, and a transparent material body 2 which exists in front of the light source 1 and is composed of transparent rubber 4, a transparent panel 5, and transparent liquid 7 filling their internal space 6. A material is selected so that a refractive index of the transparent material 2 is larger than that of a material existing in its outer space 3. By totally reflecting a portion of light incident to the transparent material body 2 from the light source 1 at the boundary between the peripheral part of the transparent material body 2 and the outer space 3, a traveling direction is changed toward an inside front direction from a progress of the total reflection, so that an irradiation range is made narrower.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting fixture that can efficiently use light.

  Conventionally, many lighting fixtures for utilizing light from a light source with high efficiency using a reflector or the like have been invented. Furthermore, in recent years, in order to efficiently irradiate light of objects of various sizes at stores, art galleries, museums, etc., lighting fixtures that can control light distribution according to the light irradiation object have been invented. For example, an illuminating device as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-125212 (Patent Document 1) can deform an end portion of a substantially bowl-shaped reflector, and can freely and easily adjust light distribution to a plant. is there. Thereby, a plant can be efficiently irradiated with light.

JP 2008-125212 A

  However, the conventional lighting device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that a reflection loss occurs when light is reflected by a reflector.

  This invention solves such a conventional subject, and it aims at providing the lighting fixture more efficient than what used the reflecting plate.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a lighting apparatus of the present invention includes a light source and a transparent material body that exists in front of the light source, and the refractive index of the transparent material body is a refractive material that is present in the external space of the transparent material body. By changing the traveling direction to be inward and forward than before the total reflection, a part of the light incident on the transparent material body from the light source is totally reflected at the boundary between the periphery of the transparent material body and the external space. It is characterized by narrowing the irradiation range.

  The transparent material body includes an external structure including a transparent shade provided with a light source at the top and a transparent panel covering an end opening of the shade that is not on the top, and a transparent material other than gas that fills the internal space of the external structure; , And the transparent material other than gas has substantially the same refractive index, and this refractive index is larger than the refractive index of the substance existing in the external space covering the shade, It is preferable that it is a lighting fixture which totally reflects a part of light from a light source in the boundary with external space.

  The shade is stretchable, and a transparent substance other than the gas inside the shade is a liquid, and it is better to be a lighting fixture that adjusts the angle of the reflection surface in total reflection by deforming the shade.

  Furthermore, it may be a luminaire that adjusts the angle of the reflecting surface in total reflection by changing the shape of the shade by changing the amount of liquid inside.

  Moreover, the lighting fixture which adjusts the angle of the reflective surface in total reflection by changing the space | gap shape by changing the space | interval of a light source and a transparent panel may be sufficient.

  The lighting fixture of the present invention can use light with higher efficiency than that using a reflector.

(A) The longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of narrow angle light distribution of the lighting fixture concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention, (b) The longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of wide-angle light distribution of the lighting fixture concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. . (A) The longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of narrow angle light distribution of the lighting fixture concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention, (b) The longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of wide angle light distribution of the lighting fixture concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. The screw screw detailed perspective view of the lighting fixture concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, the structure which attached | subjected the same code | symbol in each figure shows that it is the same structure, The description is abbreviate | omitted.
<Embodiment 1>
A first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. This luminaire includes a light source 1 and a transparent substance body 2 existing in front of the light source 1, and the refractive index of the transparent substance body 2 is larger than the refractive index of the substance existing in the external space 3 of the transparent substance body 2, A part of the light incident on the transparent material body 2 from the light source 1 is totally reflected at the boundary between the peripheral portion of the transparent material body 2 and the external space 3, and the traveling direction is changed to be inward from the front before the total reflection. It is characterized by narrowing the range. The transparent material body 2 includes an external structure including a transparent shade 4 provided with the light source 1 at the top and a transparent panel 5 covering an end opening of the shade 4 on the side other than the top, and an internal space 6 of the external structure. A transparent material other than gas to fill, and the shade 4 and the transparent material other than gas have substantially the same refractive index, and this refractive index exists in the external space 3 covering the shade 4 It is characterized in that a part of the light from the light source 1 is totally reflected at the boundary between the shade 4 and the external space 3, which is larger than the refractive index of the substance. Further, the shade 4 has elasticity, and the transparent substance other than gas is the transparent liquid 7, and the angle of the reflection surface in total reflection is adjusted by deforming the shade 4. The lighting fixture adjusts the angle of the reflecting surface in total reflection by changing the shape of the shade 4 by changing the amount of the transparent liquid 7 to be filled.

  Hereinafter, the lighting fixture of this embodiment is demonstrated concretely. In this lighting fixture, an epoxy resin printed wiring board 8 on which a light source 1 of a surface mount LED is mounted is attached to the upper inner side, and an open lower surface is closed by a flat transparent panel 5 made of acrylic resin. It is surrounded by nine. A transparent rubber 4 made of silicon resin as a main raw material corresponding to the shade 4 is attached so that both ends are connected to the transparent panel 5 and the substrate 8 inside the housing 9, and the substrate 8, the transparent panel 5, An internal space 6 surrounded by the transparent rubber 4 is filled with water which is a transparent liquid 7. The periphery of the light source 1 of the substrate 8 is protected with an epoxy resin transparent sealing material 10 so that the transparent liquid 7 does not contact the power feeding portion. In addition, a pump 11 for taking the transparent liquid 7 in and out of the internal space 6 is attached to the outside of the housing 9, and the pump 11 penetrates the housing 9 and the transparent rubber 4 to the internal space 6. A pipe 12 is provided. The outer space 3 surrounding the transparent rubber 4 is filled with air. The external space 3 is a space inside the housing 9 that is not the internal space 6 among the spaces divided by the transparent rubber 4. At this time, the transparent rubber 4 has such a shape that the incident angle of light reaching the light source 1 through the shortest path is not less than the critical angle at any point on the boundary surface between the transparent rubber 4 and the external space 3. Yes.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 reaches the transparent panel 5 or the transparent rubber 4 through the transparent liquid 7 from the transparent sealing material 10. If each refractive index difference is small, there is almost no surface reflection or refraction at the boundary surface between the transparent sealing material 10 and the transparent liquid 7 and the boundary surface between the transparent liquid 7 and the transparent rubber 4, and the light is adjacent with high efficiency. To the inside of the object. Most of the light reaching the transparent panel 5 goes out without being totally reflected because the angle of incidence on the boundary surface between the transparent panel 5 and the outside is small due to the construction of the lighting fixture. On the other hand, the light reaching the transparent rubber 4 is totally reflected because the incident angle to the boundary surface between the transparent rubber 4 and the external space 3 is larger than the critical angle, and the traveling direction is changed to the front of the luminaire to be transparent. Go outside from panel 5. The light reaching the transparent rubber 4 is not necessarily totally reflected, and there may be light that refracts and exits to the external space.

  As described above, the luminaire of this embodiment uses the total reflection phenomenon to direct light to be diffused to the front of the luminaire. In conventional luminaires that use reflectors and ordinary light shades to control light, the reflectance at the reflectors and shades is always less than 100%, resulting in a loss of reflection. On the other hand, since the reflectance in the case of total reflection is 100%, the luminaire of this embodiment can use light with higher efficiency than the conventional one.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the internal space 6 is filled with the transparent liquid 7, the heat capacity of the luminaire is increased, so that the temperature rise of the light source 1 can be reduced. In addition, light can be used more efficiently than conventional lighting fixtures using LED packages. This is because such lighting fixtures are often provided with a transparent panel on the front surface for internal protection, in which case the space between the LED package and the transparent panel is normally filled with air. Then, this space is filled with a liquid having a refractive index closer to that of the transparent panel 5 than that of air, so that surface reflection when light enters the transparent panel 5 from this space can be reduced.

  Furthermore, the shape of the transparent rubber 4 can be changed by changing the pressure applied to the transparent rubber 4 by performing the injection of the transparent liquid 7 into the internal space 6 and the suction from the internal space 6 by the pump 11. This will be specifically described below. First, the pressure applied to the transparent rubber 4 can be increased by injecting the transparent liquid 7 and increasing the amount of liquid in the internal space 6. If this pressure is sufficiently high, the transparent rubber 4 has a substantially parabolic shape as shown in FIG. 1A, and the light irradiation range can be set narrow as shown by the broken line in FIG. . Further, the pressure applied to the transparent rubber 4 is reduced by sucking the transparent liquid 7 and reducing the amount of liquid in the internal space 6, and the cross-sectional shape of the transparent rubber 4 is made substantially trapezoidal cone as shown in FIG. As shown by a broken line in 1 (b), the light irradiation range can be set wide. Thus, the irradiation range can be finely adjusted by adjusting the amount of the transparent liquid 7 in the internal space 6 using the pump 11. As a result, even in places where the size of the target of light irradiation varies, such as in stores, museums, museums, etc., it is possible to reduce the irradiation to an extra area and efficiently emit light. Available. In such a place, it is also possible to expect a production effect by adjusting so that only the object is exposed to light. In a conventional lighting fixture using a reflecting plate or the like, there are a method of adjusting an irradiation range, a method of combining a plurality of reflecting plates, and a method of deforming a reflecting plate by bending or stretching it. However, the former has a problem that the structure is complicated and expensive, and the latter has a problem that the reflection plate may be fatigued and broken as it is repeatedly bent and stretched. This embodiment has a simple structure using rubber, and since it is transparent rubber that deforms and has rubber elasticity, fatigue caused by repeated deformation is less than that of the reflector unless an excessive load is applied.

  In this embodiment, the main raw material of the transparent rubber 4 is made of silicon resin. However, the transparent rubber 4 is a substance having a so-called rubber elasticity that is deformed by applying a load and returns to its original shape when the load is removed. Other materials may be used as long as they have a refractive index capable of total reflection between the two.

  As long as it has a refractive index that allows total reflection at the boundary with the transparent rubber 4, the material that fills the external space 3 may not be air.

  As for the transparent sealing material 10, an acrylic resin is used in the present embodiment. However, the transparent sealing material 10 has heat resistance enough to withstand the heat generation of the light source 1, such as silicon resin, is transparent, and is refracted from the transparent rubber 4. Other substances may be used as long as the difference in rate is small.

  Moreover, although water is used as the transparent liquid 7 filling the internal space 6, it may not be water as long as it is a transparent liquid having a small refractive index difference from the transparent rubber 4. When using a transparent rubber mainly made of silicon resin as in this embodiment, the refractive index is about 1.4 to 1.53, so that the liquid that satisfies the conditions besides water is paraffin oil, benzene, etc. Can be mentioned.

  As a combination of the transparent rubber 4, the transparent sealing material 10, and the transparent liquid 7, in order to suppress a change in direction due to surface reflection or refraction at each boundary surface, a refractive index difference of about 0.2 or less is desirable.

  The transparent panel 5 is made of acrylic resin, but other than this, any transparent resin such as polycarbonate or glass may be used.

  In addition, although this embodiment uses the surface mount type LED attached to the printed wiring board 8 using the epoxy resin as the light source 1, the board is not limited to the printed wiring board using the epoxy resin, Other light sources such as a bullet-type LED, an incandescent bulb, and a fluorescent lamp may be used instead of the surface-mounted LED attached to the substrate.

The amount of the transparent liquid 7 does not have to be changed by a pump, but may be other methods such as injection by water pressure.
<Embodiment 2>
2 and 3 show a lighting fixture according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This lighting fixture uses total reflection by the transparent rubber 4 as in the first embodiment, and has substantially the same configuration as that in the first embodiment. Therefore, a description of the common configuration is omitted and a characteristic configuration is provided. Only the function and effect will be described.

  The lighting fixture of this embodiment is characterized by adjusting the angle of the reflecting surface in total reflection by changing the shape of the shade 4 by changing the distance between the light source 1 and the transparent panel 5. The difference between the lighting device of the first embodiment and the lighting device is that the transparent rubber 4 is deformed not by changing the amount of the transparent liquid 7 in the internal space 6 but by changing the distance between the light source 1 and the transparent panel 5. Is a point. Therefore, the pump 11 is not provided, and the substrate 8 is attached to the substantially lower center of the screw base 13. Thereby, although the movable part of lighting fixture itself increases, light distribution can be adjusted without external mechanisms, such as a pump. In this embodiment, the housing 9 of the first embodiment has a screw base 13 having a cylindrical body with a bottom portion closed and a male screw portion 15 provided on the outer surface, and a female screw threaded on the inner surface. It corresponds to the cylindrical body 14 provided with the portion 16. FIG. 3 shows a portion relating to this screw screw.

  The substrate 8 is fixed to the lower surface of the screw-supported base 13, and the transparent panel 5 is arranged inside the cylindrical body 14 so that the transparent panel 5 does not rotate together when the cylindrical body 14 is turned to tighten or loosen the screw screw. It is attached to the cylindrical body 14 so that it can rotate. Accordingly, the distance between the light source 1 and the transparent panel 5 can be changed by turning the screw screw without violently twisting the transparent rubber 4. When the cylindrical body 14 is manually turned and the screw screw is tightened in a state where the amount of the transparent liquid 7 in the internal space 6 does not change, and the distance between the light source 1 and the transparent panel 5 is shortened, the pressure applied to the transparent rubber 4 increases. If this pressure is sufficiently high, the cross-sectional shape of the transparent rubber 4 can be made substantially parabolic as shown in FIG. 2 (a), and the light irradiation range should be set narrow as shown by the broken line in FIG. 2 (a). Can do. On the other hand, when the cylindrical body 14 is manually turned to loosen the screw screw and the distance between the light source 1 and the transparent panel 5 is increased, the pressure applied to the transparent rubber 4 is reduced and the transparent rubber as shown in FIG. The cross-sectional shape of 4 can be made into a substantially trapezoidal cone, and the light irradiation range can be set wide as shown by the broken line in FIG.

  Even if the transparent liquid 7 leaks from the internal space 6, water leakage to the outside of the lighting fixture from the gap between the engagement of the screws should be arranged so that the light irradiation direction matches the gravity direction as shown in FIG. No problem. Moreover, by arranging in this way, the gap between the meshes is reduced by the pressure of the transparent liquid 7 and the gravity applied to the lighting fixture.

  In the present embodiment, the substrate 8 is fixed to the screw base 13 and the transparent panel 5 can be rotated regardless of the movement of the cylindrical body 14. However, the transparent rubber is produced by the relative rotation of the substrate 8 and the transparent panel 5. 4, that is, it is sufficient that at least one of the substrate 8 and the transparent panel 5 is not moved integrally with the screw base 13 or the cylindrical body 14. For example, the transparent panel 5 may be fixed to the cylindrical body 14, and the substrate 8 may be supported by the screw-supported base 13 at a central point so that the transparent panel 5 can be rotated regardless of the movement of the screw-supported base 13.

  In addition, the cylindrical body 14 is manually rotated to tighten or loosen the screw, but the screw-equipped base 13 may be rotated, or may be rotated electrically instead of manually.

  The distance between the light source 1 and the transparent panel 5 does not have to be changed by a screw. For example, the light source 1 and the transparent panel 5 are connected by a spring, and the spring elastic force is changed. Alternatively, other methods such as extending the distance between the light source 1 and the transparent panel 5 to a convenient length and biting and fixing the stopper may be used.

1 Light source 2 Transparent material 3 External space 4 Shade (transparent rubber)
5 Transparent panel 6 Internal space 7 Transparent liquid

Claims (5)

  A transparent material body that exists in front of the light source, the refractive index of the transparent material body is greater than the refractive index of the material that exists in the external space of the transparent material body, and from the light source to the transparent material body A part of the incident light is totally reflected at the boundary between the peripheral portion of the transparent material body and the external space, and the irradiation range is narrowed by changing the traveling direction to the front inward than before the total reflection. lighting equipment.   The transparent material body includes a transparent shade provided with the light source at the top and a transparent panel covering the end opening of the shade not on the top, and a transparent material other than gas filling the internal space of the external structure. The shade and the transparent material other than the gas have substantially the same refractive index, and this refractive index is the refractive index of the material present in the external space covering the shade. The lighting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a part of light from the light source is totally reflected at a boundary between the shade and the external space.   The lighting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the shade has elasticity, and the transparent substance other than the gas is liquid, and the angle of the reflection surface in total reflection is adjusted by deforming the shade. .   The lighting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the angle of the reflection surface in total reflection is adjusted by changing the shape of the shade by changing the amount of the liquid filling the internal space.   The lighting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the angle of the reflection surface in total reflection is adjusted by changing the shape of the shade by changing the distance between the light source and the transparent panel.

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