JP2012078004A - Waste oil combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve heating efficiency by burning waste oil stably and efficiently, and to improve maintenance ability reducing carbon sludge formation.SOLUTION: Detachable evaporation promoting structures are arranged coaxially with the nozzle 9 for injecting waste oil in a combustion cylinder 16 for burning mixed fuel prepared by mixing waste oil as the main fuel and kerosene. The evaporation promoting structures include: an evaporation promoting cylinder 18 with a funnel form; and an evaporation promoting plate 19 that is combined with the evaporation promoting cylinder 18 so as to block the smaller diameter side of the cylinder and has diffusion ribs 29 formed on the principal face thereof to which the fuel injected from the nozzle 9 for injecting fuel is blown.

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste oil combustion apparatus that uses various waste oils such as tempura oil and engine oil which are difficult to burn as a main fuel.

  Waste oil is generated in various fields, but the burden of disposal costs is increasing due to the strengthening of regulations on the disposal of industrial waste for the purpose of environmental protection. Waste oil is, for example, animal waste oil such as beef tallow and pork fat generated from ordinary households and restaurants, vegetable oil such as soybean oil and rapeseed oil, and lubricating oil, cutting oil, insulating oil and engine oil generated from factories, etc. Because of the various components as described above, the processing method is different for each component, so that its recycling is extremely difficult.

  Therefore, as a method for treating waste oil, use as fuel for boilers or the like that does not require treatment for each component and can be used as a heat source supply has been studied. However, when waste oil is used as a fuel, there are problems that the ignition temperature is high and the variation due to the components is large compared to fuels such as kerosene and heavy oil, and the combustion efficiency and generated heat quantity characteristics are poor. Moreover, since waste oil contains many impurities, there is a possibility that harmful gas is generated in low-temperature combustion, and a large amount of smoke is generated due to incomplete combustion. Further, the waste oil causes a problem that hard carbon sludge adheres to the combustion chamber of the boiler due to incomplete combustion, and the frequency and labor of maintenance work for removing the carbon sludge increases.

  There has been proposed a waste oil combustion apparatus in which waste oil having the above-described problems is used as fuel and efficient combustion is performed (for example, Patent Document 1). The applicant also provided a waste oil stove in which kerosene was mixed with waste oil as a main fuel to improve combustibility (Patent Document 2).

  The waste oil combustion apparatus described in Patent Document 1 aims to improve combustion efficiency by dropping waste oil of fuel from the upper part of an incinerator and raising the waste oil to a combustion temperature by using combustion heat generated by combustion. Such a waste oil combustion apparatus reduces the occurrence of incomplete combustion by mixing sufficient air with the waste oil of the fuel and extending the combustion time. The waste oil combustion apparatus performs the above-described operation by separating the combustion furnace and the fuel dropping port at a predetermined interval.

  However, the waste oil combustion apparatus has a structure in which the combustion furnace and the fuel dropping port are separated from each other as described above. Further, in the waste oil combustion apparatus, the crater is provided at the lower portion of the combustion furnace, and the flame from the crater is changed to a horizontal flame through the duct. There has been a problem of increasing the size.

  The applicant has developed a waste oil combustion apparatus that solves the above-described problems of the conventional apparatus and is small in size and improves combustion efficiency. The applicant mixes kerosene as auxiliary fuel with the waste oil of the main fuel and injects it into the combustion space, and supplies the kerosene at the start of combustion when the temperature in the combustion space is low or when the combustion state decreases. We have developed a waste oil combustion system that reduces the amount of kerosene supplied and improves combustion efficiency.

  However, such a waste oil combustion apparatus also has a problem of running costs due to the use of kerosene as an auxiliary fuel, and is increased in size due to the installation of a kerosene tank, a supply pipe, a switching valve, or the like. Further, in such a waste oil combustion apparatus, a so-called combustion pulsation that temporarily becomes a high combustion state is generated by supplying kerosene during combustion, and the fire disappears due to the combustion pulsation or explosive ignition at the time of re-ignition There was also a risk of occurrence.

JP 2005-188899 A Japanese Patent No. 4317785

  The present invention solves the problems of the above-described conventional waste oil combustion apparatus, and achieves a large improvement in heat generation efficiency, reduction of carbon sludge and improvement in maintainability by burning the waste oil stably and efficiently. An object is to provide a waste oil combustion apparatus having a simple structure.

  A waste oil combustion apparatus according to the present invention that achieves the above-described object includes a fuel supply unit, a combustion unit, and a jet / exhaust unit, and an auxiliary fuel that controls the supply amount of waste oil as a main fuel in an initial stage, Efficient combustion is performed by mixing kerosene. In the waste oil combustion apparatus, a fuel supply unit supplies waste oil from a waste oil injection nozzle to supply waste oil supply means, a nozzle air supply means connected to the waste oil supply means to mix air with waste oil, and kerosene to be supplied from a kerosene injection nozzle Kerosene supply means for supplying the fuel while controlling the amount; and combustion air supply means for forming combustion fuel by mixing waste oil and kerosene and supplying combustion air. The waste oil combustion apparatus includes a combustion cylinder in which a combustion space is configured to combust a mixed fuel or waste oil injected and supplied in combination with a fuel supply section, and a fuel supply section in the combustion cylinder. And a vaporization accelerating means for promoting vaporization of the mixed fuel and waste oil which are arranged and supplied coaxially. In the waste oil combustion system, the flame / exhaust part is combined with the combustion part on the other side facing the fuel supply part, and the flame, gas, and smoke generated along with the combustion of the mixed fuel and waste oil in the combustion part are sent to the outside. discharge.

  In the waste oil combustion device, the vaporization promoting means in the combustion part is combined with a funnel-shaped vaporization promoting cylinder having a large diameter part on the side of the flame / exhaust part, and a small diameter part on the fuel supply part side is closed in the vaporization promoting cylinder. It is composed of a vaporization promoting plate which is provided radially on the main surface to which the mixed fuel and waste oil supplied from the mixing means are sprayed and which has a plurality of diffusion ribs for diffusing the vaporized mixed fuel. In the waste oil combustion apparatus, a mixed fuel or waste oil obtained by mixing waste oil and a predetermined amount of kerosene is continuously injected and supplied to the combustion section in the fuel supply section, and burned in the combustion section.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus, the mixed fuel and waste oil injected and supplied from the fuel supply unit to the combustion unit are sprayed on a vaporization promotion plate constituting a vaporization promotion unit arranged coaxially with the mixing unit, thereby promoting vaporization. As shown, the diffusion ribs formed on the main surface are widely dispersed in the combustion space. In the waste oil combustion apparatus, the mixed fuel or waste oil and its vaporized gas swirl in a wide range within the combustion space, whereby the mixed fuel or waste oil and air are more efficiently mixed and combustion is promoted. In the waste oil combustion apparatus, the flow of flame, gas, etc. generated in the combustion space is diverted from the fuel injection axis by the vaporization promotion cylinder constituting the vaporization promotion means, and so-called blowback is suppressed.

  The waste oil combustion apparatus is formed in a drum shape in which a central portion where the combustion air taken in from one end side is blown into the combustion cylinder from the other end is narrowed down, and a plurality of inner peripheral walls are provided with the waste oil combustion apparatus. You may comprise by the burner cylinder which formed the swirl | flow flow production | generation rib. In the waste oil combustion apparatus, the burner cylinder is arranged so that the tip of the waste oil injection nozzle and the kerosene injection nozzle are positioned at the central portion, thereby generating a mixed fuel in which waste oil and kerosene supplied and supplied from each are mixed. . In the waste oil combustion apparatus, the burner cylinder imparts swirl flow characteristics by supplying the mixed fuel, waste oil, and combustion air along the swirl flow generating ribs, and supplies the swirl flow characteristics to the combustion unit.

  The waste oil combustion apparatus may constitute an air cooling space part through which air for cooling air flows by combining an outer cylinder with the outer peripheral part of the combustion cylinder. The waste oil combustion apparatus may supply a part of the air cooling air flowing through the air cooling space into the combustion cylinder through an air supply hole formed at a position corresponding to the vaporization promotion plate of the vaporization promotion means. Good. In the waste oil combustion apparatus, since the combustion part has an air-cooled structure, even when used for a long time, the high temperature is suppressed and it can be used safely. In the waste oil combustion device, by supplying air-cooling air to the vaporization promotion plate part where temperature drop is partially caused by spraying the mixed fuel or waste oil, the mixed fuel or waste oil is efficiently burned in the part. The combustion is promoted and the generation of carbon sludge is reduced.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus, the vaporization promoting means may be detachably installed on the holding means provided on the inner peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder. In the waste oil combustion apparatus, it is possible to remove the vaporization promoting means to remove the solid carbon sludge and improve the maintainability of cleaning the inside of the combustion cylinder and the like.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus, an exhaust pipe having a smaller diameter than a combustion cylinder combined with a side wall closing one end side of the outer cylinder may be provided in the flame / exhaust portion. The waste oil combustion apparatus has a plurality of secondary air supply holes formed in the outer peripheral wall at a position corresponding to the air cooling space portion of the exhaust pipe, and a part of the air cooling air flowing in the air cooling space portion through these secondary air supply holes. Is supplied into the exhaust stack. In the waste oil combustion apparatus, secondary combustion of unburned gas remaining in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe is promoted.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus, a side air passage space portion that communicates with the air cooling space portion at the opening portion of the combustion cylinder is formed in the flame / exhaust portion, and air cooling air that flows from the side air passage space portion to the air cooling space portion is formed. A part may be supplied to the combustion space. In the waste oil combustion device, air is supplied in the opposite direction to the flow of exhaust gas or the like from the side air flow path space immediately before the flame / exhaust part, thereby generating turbulent flow in the combustion space part and mixing fuel. And improvement of combustion efficiency of waste oil.

  The waste oil combustion apparatus according to the present invention is a simple and miniaturized apparatus in which a vaporization promoting means including a vaporization promotion cylinder and a vaporization promotion plate is provided in the combustion space. According to the waste oil combustion apparatus, waste oil with poor combustion efficiency is mixed with kerosene as the auxiliary fuel and injected and supplied from the fuel supply unit to the combustion unit, and is efficiently vaporized in the combustion space by the vaporization promoting means. To be distributed. According to the waste oil combustion apparatus, the amount of use of kerosene as auxiliary fuel is reduced by improving the combustion efficiency, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of incomplete combustion and generate a large amount of heat by stable and efficient combustion. According to the waste oil combustion apparatus, the generation of carbon sludge due to incomplete combustion is reduced, and the maintainability is improved.

1 is an overall perspective view of a waste oil combustion apparatus shown as an embodiment of the present invention. It is a principal part half cross-section perspective view of the waste oil combustion apparatus. It is a principal part disassembled perspective view of the waste oil combustion apparatus. It is principal part sectional drawing of the waste oil combustion apparatus. It is principal part sectional drawing explaining the flow state of the air in the waste oil combustion apparatus.

  Hereinafter, a waste oil combustion apparatus 1 shown in the drawings as an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The waste oil combustion device 1 uses waste oil such as tempura oil from homes, cutting oil from factories, etc., lubricating oil, insulating oil or engine oil as an unrefined state as main fuel. In addition, it can be used for burners, waste oil stoves and the like as a source of large heat. Moreover, the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 is applied to, for example, food residue dryers and greenhouse warmer burners as other applications. The waste oil combustion apparatus 1 is mounted on a base (not shown) in which casters with stoppers are attached to four corners, for example, and can be used by moving to an appropriate place.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 is a horizontal apparatus in which a fuel supply unit 2, a combustion unit 3, and a flame / exhaust unit 4 are arranged side by side in a horizontal direction. Efficient combustion is performed by mixing kerosene as a controlled auxiliary fuel. The waste oil combustion apparatus 1 mixes waste oil and air in the fuel supply unit 2 and injects and supplies the mixed fuel obtained by further mixing kerosene to the combustion unit 3, and vaporizes and burns the mixed fuel in the combustion unit 3. The waste oil combustion apparatus 1 discharges flame, gas, and smoke generated in the combustion unit 3 by combustion of the mixed fuel to the outside from the jet / exhaust unit 4.

  In addition, the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 is not on condition that the fuel supply unit 2 always supplies a mixed fuel obtained by mixing kerosene to waste oil to the combustion unit 3. The waste oil combustion apparatus 1 supplies the combustion unit 3 with a mixed fuel obtained by mixing the waste fuel of the main fuel with kerosene as the auxiliary fuel at a predetermined time from the start-up when the temperature in the furnace of the combustion unit 3 is low and ignition of the waste oil is difficult. When the temperature in the furnace of the combustion unit 3 is increased due to the combustion of the mixed fuel and the stable combustion is performed, the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 gradually reduces the mixing amount of kerosene so that only the waste oil is combusted. . The waste oil combustion apparatus 1 monitors the temperature in the furnace of the combustion unit 3 and supplies kerosene when the temperature falls below a predetermined temperature. In the following description, for convenience, it will be described as supply / combustion of mixed fuel.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, the fuel supply unit 2 includes a waste oil tank (not shown) that stores waste oil, a kerosene tank that stores kerosene, and a blower 5 that constitutes combustion air supply means that supplies air. A cylindrical duct 6 serving as an attachment member by assembling the means, nozzle air supply means and kerosene supply means, and a burner cylinder 7 constituting mixing means for mixing waste oil and kerosene to generate mixed fuel. In the fuel supply unit 2, the burner cylinder 7 is combined with the duct 6 through the ring-shaped mounting plate 8, and the combustion unit 3 is combined through the mounting plate 8.

  The fuel supply unit 2 blows air from the blower 5 into the duct 6 and supplies the air into the combustion unit 3 through the duct 6. The fuel supply unit 2 guides a part of the air supplied from the blower 5 into the waste oil injection nozzle 9 constituting the waste oil supply means, applies an injection pressure to the waste oil, and supplies it to the combustion unit 3. As shown in FIG. 2, the waste oil injection nozzle 9 has a main body portion 9 </ b> A that forms a double pipe structure, and is provided so as to penetrate through the head member that omits details, the duct 6, and the central opening of the mounting plate 8. The waste oil injection nozzle 9 has a waste oil supply pipe 10 connected to the inner pipe portion of the main body portion 9A on one end side, and a tip end portion having a nozzle port 9B that faces the substantially central position of the burner cylinder 7. The waste oil supply pipe 10 is connected to a waste oil tank 11 through an on-off valve structure or the like that omits details, and supplies waste oil to the waste oil injection nozzle 9.

  The waste oil injection nozzle 9 is formed with a branch portion communicating with the outer pipe portion in the middle of the main body portion 9A, and a combustion air pipe 12 having the other end connected to the blower 5 is connected to the branch portion. . Compressed air supplied from the blower 5 through the combustion air pipe 12 is blown into the waste oil injection nozzle 9 into the outer pipe portion. The waste oil injection nozzle 9 mixes the waste oil flowing through the inner pipe part and the compressed air flowing through the outer pipe part at the nozzle port 9B, and injects it into the burner cylinder 7.

  The fuel supply unit 2 is provided with a kerosene injection nozzle 13 connected to a kerosene supply pipe 14 connected to a kerosene tank (not shown) alongside the waste oil injection nozzle 9 in the duct 6. The kerosene injection nozzle 13 is provided with the nozzle port at the tip thereof aligned with the nozzle port 9B of the waste oil injection nozzle 9 so as to face the substantially central position of the burner cylinder 7. The kerosene injection nozzle 13 is provided with an on-off valve structure (not shown) in the middle of the kerosene supply pipe 14, and supplies kerosene to the combustion section while controlling the supply amount.

  The fuel supply unit 2 communicates with the duct 6 and is combined with a burner cylinder 7 in a sideways state on the mounting plate 8. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the burner cylinder 7 is formed in a drum shape with the opening diameters on both sides narrowed down to a large diameter and the central part narrowed, and the free end side is located in the combustion section 3 and the mounting plate 8 To be combined. In the burner cylinder 7, air is blown into the internal space 7A from the opening on the fixed side by the blower 5, and the waste oil injection nozzle 9 is combined from the opening side with the nozzle port 9B positioned near the central throttle part 7B. It is. A burner cylinder 7 is combined with a waste oil injection nozzle 9 and a kerosene injection nozzle 13.

  As described above, the burner cylinder 7 combines the waste oil injection nozzle 9 and the tip of the kerosene injection nozzle 13 in the vicinity of the central throttle portion 7B, and supplies air from the blower 5 to the internal space 7A. And a kerosene mixed fuel is generated and supplied to the combustion section 3. The burner cylinder 7 increases the flow rate of the mixed fuel that passes through the throttle portion 7B so that the reverse flow to the fuel supply unit 2 such as a flame generated when the mixed fuel burns in the combustion unit 3 is prevented. To do.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the swirl flow generating ribs 15 are formed on the inner peripheral wall of the burner cylinder 7. The swirl flow generating rib 15 is formed of, for example, an upright wall portion that is erected on the inner peripheral wall between the opening on the blower 5 side and the throttle portion 7B with a slight angle with respect to the axial direction. The burner cylinder 7 imparts swirl flow characteristics when air blown into the internal space 7 </ b> A from the blower 5 strikes the swirl flow generation rib 15 and flows. The burner cylinder 7 generates a mixed fuel by efficiently mixing waste oil and kerosene with air given swirl characteristics in the internal space 7A, and this mixed fuel is widely spread from the large-diameter opening into the combustion section 3. To be distributed and supplied.

  Although not shown, the fuel supply unit 2 is provided with a plug structure that constitutes an ignition means on the mounting plate 8. The plug structure includes an operation part and an ignition part. For example, the operation part is provided on the mounting plate 8 and the ignition part is led to the burner cylinder 7 via the duct 6 and is provided facing the throttle part 7B described above. It is done. The plug assembly ignites, for example, kerosene that is injected from the kerosene injection nozzle 13 and flows in the form of a mist in the burner cylinder 7 by a spark emitted from the ignition portion.

  Although details are omitted, the fuel supply unit 2 may be provided with a pump in a waste oil tank, and the waste oil may be supplied by this pump. Thus, the fuel supply unit 2 can supply a certain amount of waste oil to the combustion unit 3 in a stable state regardless of the viscosity that causes the flow rate of the waste oil to change. Further, the fuel supply unit 2 may be provided with a filter in the waste oil supply pipe 10 to supply waste oil from which dust and impurities have been removed to the combustion unit 3. Further, the fuel supply unit 2 may include a control unit that controls the waste oil and kerosene on-off valves, the waste oil tank and the kerosene tank pump, the blower 5, and the like to operate in relation to each other. Of course, the fuel supply unit 2 is not limited to such a configuration.

  In the fuel supply unit 2, waste oil is supplied from a waste oil tank 11 to a waste oil injection nozzle 9 through a waste oil supply pipe 10. In the fuel supply unit 2, the blower 5 is activated to blow air into the duct 6, and air is supplied to the waste oil injection nozzle 9 through the combustion air pipe 12 to apply injection pressure to the waste oil. In the fuel supply unit 2, kerosene is supplied from the kerosene tank to the kerosene injection nozzle 13 through the kerosene supply pipe 14. In the fuel supply unit 2, the waste oil injected from the waste oil injection nozzle 9 and the kerosene injected from the kerosene injection nozzle 13 pass through the throttle part of the burner cylinder 7, so that mixing is promoted while increasing the flow rate, and the mixed fuel is supplied. The mixed fuel in the generated and mist state is injected and supplied into the combustion unit 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, in the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, the combustion unit 3 includes a combustion cylinder 16, an outer cylinder 17, a vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and a vaporization promotion plate 19 that constitute vaporization promotion means. The flame, gas, and smoke generated by burning the mixed fuel supplied from the fuel supply unit 2 are discharged from the flame / exhaust unit 4. The combustion unit 3 has a double cylinder structure that surrounds the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder 16 and combines the outer cylinder 17 to form the air cooling space 20 over the entire length. By composing the air-cooled space 20 that encloses the combustion cylinder 16, the combustion unit 3 suppresses the temperature rise and ensures safety even if the operation is continued for a long time. The combustion part 3 arrange | positions the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 which integrated the vaporization promotion board 19 in the internal space part 21 of the combustion cylinder 16 so that attachment or detachment is possible so that it may mention later.

  The combustion cylinder 16 is supported in a cantilever state by combining one end side with the mounting plate 8, and the internal space 21 is a partition wall plate 22, and the internal space 21 is a first space on the mounting plate 8 side. It is divided into a part 21A and a combustion space part 21B which is a second space part on the side of the flame / exhaust part 4. The combustion cylinder 16 combines the burner cylinder 7 in the fuel supply side space 21A and the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 in the combustion space 21B.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the combustion cylinder 16 is formed with a plurality of first air holes 23 that allow the fuel supply side space 21 </ b> A to communicate with the air cooling space 20. As will be described later, the first air hole 23 supplies air from the air cooling space 20 into the fuel supply side space 21A to air-cool the burner cylinder 7 at that portion, and supplies fuel via a partition plate 22 described later. Air is supplied from the side space portion 21A to the combustion space portion 21B to increase the combustion efficiency of the mixed fuel and reduce the blow-back of the flame or the like to the fuel supply portion 2 side. The first air hole 23 is a slightly large-diameter through-hole, and a large amount of air is supplied from the air-cooling space 20 to the fuel supply side space 21A.

  The combustion cylinder 16 is formed with a plurality of second air holes 24 that allow the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B to communicate with the air cooling space portion 20. The second air hole 24 is formed so as to be opposed to the vaporization promotion plate 19 and the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 disposed in the combustion space 21 </ b> B as will be described later, and vaporizes the air supplied from the air cooling space 20. It is supplied to the promotion plate 19 and the vaporization promotion cylinder 18. Each of the second air holes 24 has a diameter smaller than that of the first air hole 23. However, by providing the second air holes 24 so as to surround the vaporization promotion plate 19, a sufficient amount of air is evenly distributed to the vaporization promotion plate 19 portion. Try to send it in.

  The second air hole 24 efficiently burns the mixed fuel at the site by supplying air around the vaporization promotion plate 19 where the temperature is partially lowered when the mixed fuel is sprayed. Thus, the second air holes 24 promote combustion of the mixed fuel in the combustion space 21B and reduce the generation of carbon sludge.

  The outer cylinder 17 is a cylindrical body that is larger in diameter than the outer diameter of the combustion cylinder 16 and is combined to cover the outer periphery over the entire length. One end side is fixed to the mounting plate 8 and the other end side is a flame. -It is fixed to the exhaust part 4. As described above, the outer cylinder 17 forms the air-cooling space 20 between the outer cylinder 17 and the combustion cylinder 16 to prevent the combustion cylinder 16 from becoming hot. A cooling air supply pipe 17 </ b> A having one end connected to the blower 5 is connected to the outer cylinder 17 so that air is supplied into the air cooling space 20. The outer cylinder 17 supplies the air supplied into the air-cooling space 20 to the internal space 21 of the combustion cylinder 16 through appropriately formed air holes to promote combustion of the mixed fuel.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the partition plate 22 is formed in a ring shape having an outer diameter that is the same as the inner diameter of the combustion cylinder 16, and is disposed on the fuel supply section 2 side in the internal space portion 21 of the combustion cylinder 16. By being provided, the internal space portion 21 is divided into the fuel supply side space portion 21A and the combustion space portion 21B as described above. The partition plate 22 is fitted in the free end side of the burner cylinder 7, and the front end opening thereof faces the combustion space portion 21B and is supported in a lateral state. The partition plate 22 is formed with a plurality of third air holes 25 penetrating the fuel supply side space portion 21A and the combustion space portion 21B in the thickness direction, and the fuel supply side via the third air holes 25. Air is supplied from the space 21A to the combustion space 21B.

  The vaporization promoting cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19 are directly sprayed with the mixed fuel injected and supplied from the fuel supply unit 2 into the combustion space 21B, and promote the vaporization of the mixed fuel and diffuse it into the combustion space 21B. The vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19 are installed on the injection shaft of the mixed fuel so that the vaporization of the mixed fuel and the diffusion to the combustion space portion 21B are performed uniformly. The vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19 are portions where the mixed fuel is first sprayed in the combustion space portion 21B, and therefore are easily attached to carbon sludge generated by incomplete combustion.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the vaporization promoting cylinder 18 is a substantially funnel-shaped member having a large-diameter opening on one side, and a plurality of fourth air holes 26 are formed through the outer peripheral wall. . The vaporization promotion cylinder 18 is supported by a vaporization promotion cylinder support member 27 constituting a holding means provided in the combustion space portion 21B of the combustion cylinder 16 with the large-diameter portion side directed toward the flame / exhaust section 4 side. The vaporization promotion cylinder support member 27 is composed of a plurality of rod-like members each having the same length standing on the inner wall of the combustion space portion 21B, and the outer peripheral part of the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 is placed across the circumferential direction. .

  The vaporization promotion cylinder 18 is detachably combined with the combustion cylinder 16 by being placed on the vaporization promotion cylinder support member 27. Therefore, the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 can be removed from the combustion cylinder 16 together with the vaporization promotion plate 19 and cleaned. Further, the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 is positioned on the same axis as the burner cylinder 7 through the vaporization promotion cylinder support member 27 in the combustion space portion 21B, and is thus positioned on the injection axis of the mixed fuel. Installed.

  In the vaporization promoting cylinder 18, the fourth air holes 26 are formed in detail in a plurality of air holes formed side by side in the circumferential direction in the conical cylinder part, and in a circumferential direction in the small diameter cylindrical part. It comprises a plurality of air holes. The vaporization promoting cylinder 18 improves the combustion efficiency of the mixed fuel in the combustion space portion 21B by flowing flame and air from the fourth air hole 26 into the internal space, and deflects the flame blown back from the jet / exhaust portion 4 side. To.

  The vaporization promotion plate 19 is integrally combined with the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 by closing the small diameter opening side. The vaporization promotion plate 19 constitutes a holding means that is erected in the combustion space portion 21B at a position corresponding to the vaporization promotion cylinder support member 27 in a state where the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 is placed on the vaporization promotion cylinder support member 27. It is combined on the vaporization promoting plate support member 28. The vaporization promotion plate support member 28 is composed of a plurality of rod-like members each having the same length and positioned between the above-described vaporization promotion cylinder support member 27 and the partition plate 22 and standing on the inner wall of the combustion space portion 21B. The vaporization promotion plate support member 28 is formed with an axial slit from the upper end surface, and the vaporization promotion plate 19 is combined by fitting an outer peripheral portion into the slit.

  The vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19 are combined on the vaporization promotion cylinder support member 27 and the vaporization promotion board support member 28 in a floating state in the combustion space portion 21B as described above. The space between the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19 is opposed to the partition plate 22 by fitting the outer peripheral portion of the vaporization promotion plate 19 into the slot of the vaporization promotion plate support member 28.

  Similarly to the vaporization promotion cylinder 18, the vaporization promotion plate 19 is coaxially positioned and combined with the burner cylinder 7 via the vaporization promotion plate support member 28 in the combustion space 21B, thereby injecting mixed fuel. Located on the shaft. A plurality of diffusion ribs 29 are integrally provided on the vaporization promotion plate 19 on the main surface facing the burner cylinder 7. The diffusion rib 29 is formed of a standing wall portion formed radially on the main surface, imparts swirling behavior to the sprayed mixed fuel, diffuses widely in the combustion space portion 21B, and promotes vaporization.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the combustion unit 3 combines a tip assembly cylinder 30 made of a stepped cylinder with an opening on the tip end side of the combustion cylinder 16, and the tip assembly cylinder 30 is interposed through the tip assembly cylinder 30. Combine the flame / exhaust part 4. The distal end assembly cylinder 30 is integrally formed with a flange portion 30A having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the combustion cylinder 16 on one end side, and the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion 30A is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the opening. A side air passage space 20A that is continuous with the air cooling space 20 is formed between the open end of the combustion cylinder 16 and the flame / exhaust section 4 by being combined as a tip member of the combustion cylinder 16.

  The tip assembly cylinder 30 is formed with a plurality of fifth air holes 30B arranged in the circumferential direction on the flange portion 30A, so that a combustion space is formed at the tip portion of the combustion cylinder 16 via the side air channel space portion 20A. The part 21B is communicated with the air cooling space part 20. In the tip assembly cylinder 30, a part of the cooling air flowing through the air cooling space 20 through the fifth air hole 30B immediately before the flame / exhaust section 4 is reversed to the flow of the exhaust gas in the combustion space 21B. Supply directional air. As a result, the tip assembly cylinder 30 causes turbulent flow in the combustion space 21B so that the combustion efficiency of the mixed fuel can be improved.

  In the combustion unit 3, when the operation of starting the blower 5 on the fuel supply unit 2 side is performed, air is blown into the burner cylinder 7 through the duct 6 and further blown into the combustion space 21 </ b> B from the burner cylinder 7. In the combustion unit 3, the mixed fuel in the mist state is injected from the burner cylinder 7 into the combustion space 21 </ b> B and an ignition operation is performed, so that the vaporization promotion plate 19 positioned on the same axis as the burner cylinder 7 has a flame. At the same time, the mixed fuel is sprayed. In the combustion section 3, flame and mixed fuel are also given swirl habit and blown against the vaporization promotion plate 19 by the action of the air flow given swirl habit that is blown from the burner cylinder 7.

  In the combustion unit 3, the flame or mist mixed fuel or vaporized gas blown to the vaporization promoting plate 19 is mixed with the diffusion rib 29 and the blown-in air to be blown into the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B. It spreads widely while turning at. In the combustion section 3, sufficient air is blown into the combustion space section 21 </ b> B through the flow path of the air cooling space section 20 -the first air hole 23 -the fuel supply side space section 21 A-the third air hole 25. In the combustion section 3, the air blown through this flow path is mixed with the air blown from the burner cylinder 7, and diffuses while swirling in the combustion space section 21B. In the combustion unit 3, sufficient air is supplied around the vaporization promotion plate 19 through the flow path of the air cooling space 20 and the second air hole 24.

  In the combustion section 3, as described above, the mixed fuel in the flame or mist state diffuses widely in the combustion space section 21B, and sufficient air supply is performed, so that the mixed fuel is efficiently burned. In the combustion unit 3, the mixed fuel having a high concentration and a low temperature is directly sprayed, and the vaporization promotion plate 19 and the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 integrated therewith are maintained in a high temperature state, thereby promoting the vaporization of the mixed fuel. In the combustion section 3, complete combustion of the mixed fuel is promoted around the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19.

  In the combustion unit 3, a vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and a vaporization promotion plate 19 are disposed on the same axis as the burner cylinder 7, that is, the mixed fuel injection supply unit. In the combustion unit 3, the flame and gas blowback from the combustion space 21 </ b> B toward the injection supply unit are deflected by the vaporization promotion cylinder 18, and the high temperature of the burner cylinder 7 is suppressed. In the combustion unit 3, the blowback of flame or the like is also deflected by the air blown through the third air holes 25 formed in the partition plate 22. In the combustion unit 3, the discharge of incomplete combustion mixed fuel is suppressed by supplying air into the combustion space 21 </ b> B immediately before the flame / exhaust unit 4 to improve the combustion efficiency.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, the flame / exhaust unit 4 combined with the tip of the combustion unit 3 includes a flame / exhaust cylinder 31 and a flange ring 32. The jet / exhaust unit 4 discharges the flame, exhaust gas, or smoke generated in the combustion unit 3 from the jet / exhaust cylinder 31 to the outside. In the jet / exhaust section 4, when a flame or the like discharged from the jet / exhaust cylinder 31 is used as a heat source, the jet / exhaust cylinder 31 is combined with an appropriate member or the like according to the use form. When the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 is used exclusively as a waste oil processing apparatus, the jet / exhaust section 4 is combined with a chimney or the like in the flame / exhaust cylinder 31.

  The jet / exhaust cylinder 31 is a cylinder having a diameter smaller than that of the combustion cylinder 16, and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the one end side protrudes into the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B through the flange ring 32. Combined with the cylinder 17. The jet / exhaust cylinder 31 allows gas or the like to flow from the combustion space portion 21B into the internal space portion, which has become negative pressure due to the flow velocity of the flame or the like flowing from the combustion space portion 21B, so that efficient discharge is performed. .

  A sixth air hole 31A is formed in the flame / exhaust cylinder 31 at a portion protruding into the combustion space 21B. In the jet / exhaust cylinder 31, the sixth air hole 31A constitutes a secondary air supply hole so that a part of the air-cooling air flowing in the air-cooling space 20 is supplied to the flame or the like flowing from the combustion space 21B. To. The jet / exhaust cylinder 31 promotes secondary combustion such as unburned gas remaining in the exhaust gas discharged.

  The flange ring 32 has a larger diameter than the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 17, forms a through-hole into which the flame / exhaust cylinder 31 is inserted, and fits the tip of the outer cylinder 17 on one side surface of the outer peripheral portion. It is a ring-shaped member in which a fitting recess is formed. The flange ring 32 has a tip portion fitted in the fitting recess to close the opening of the outer cylinder 17, and a tip edge of the tip assembly cylinder 30 combined with the combustion cylinder 16 is abutted on the outer surface to burn. The space 21B is closed, and the flame / exhaust cylinder 31 is inserted into the through hole. In addition, the flange ring 32 functions also as a member which combines the appropriate member etc. by a utilization form.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, the mixed fuel and waste oil supplied from the fuel supply unit 2 into the combustion unit 3 are stably and efficiently burned, thereby improving heat generation efficiency and reducing the generation of carbon sludge and improving maintainability. Plan. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, when a predetermined time elapses after the operation is started, the kerosene supply is shut off and the operation is switched to the supply of the waste oil alone. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, efficient combustion is performed by maintaining the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B in a high temperature state even when combustion is performed with waste oil alone, which has large variations in ignition characteristics due to variations in combustion components and low calorific value. To be done.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, combustion air imparted with swirling behavior is blown into the combustion cylinder 16 of the combustion section 3 from the blower 5, and is mixed by the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19 constituting vaporization promotion means. Fuel and waste oil are diffused widely in the combustion section 3. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, a large number of air holes that are located at various locations and open to the combustion cylinder 16 are formed to supply sufficient air and to generate turbulence. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, incomplete combustion is reduced and efficient combustion is performed by generating a complicated flow of fuel, vaporized gas, or air in the combustion space portion 21B.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, combustion air is blown into the burner cylinder 7 from the blower 5 through the duct 6 as shown in FIG. 5. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, a swirl flow generating rib 15 is provided on the inner wall of the burner cylinder 7, and swirling behavior is imparted to the combustion air flowing along the swirl flow generating rib 15. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, the combustion air blown out from the burner cylinder 7 into the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B blows against the main surface of the vaporization promotion plate 19 constituting the vaporization promotion means as indicated by the arrow in the figure.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, a diffusion rib 29 is provided on the main surface of the vaporization promotion plate 19, and the combustion air imparted with swirling behavior by the diffusion rib 29 diffuses widely while swirling in the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B. To do. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, waste oil is injected and supplied from the waste oil injection nozzle 9 into the burner cylinder 7 in a mist state, and kerosene is injected and supplied from the kerosene injection nozzle 13 into the burner cylinder 7. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, waste oil and kerosene are mixed in the burner cylinder 7 and mixed with combustion air to generate mixed fuel, and this mixed fuel is sprayed onto the main surface of the vaporization promotion plate 19. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, the mixed fuel diffuses widely while swirling with the combustion air to which the swirling behavior is imparted by the diffusion rib 29.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, when an ignition operation is performed, combustion of kerosene having a low ignition point starts in the burner cylinder 7, and combustion of waste oil is also started through the combustion of the kerosene. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19 are gradually heated and the combustion cylinder 16 is also heated by being sprayed with the mixed fuel that has started to be combusted, and is mixed in the combustion space portion 21B. Fuel vaporization is promoted.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, a part of the cooling air supplied from the blower 5 through the cooling air supply pipe 17 </ b> A into the air cooling space 20 is formed in the combustion space through the air holes formed in each part of the combustion cylinder 16. It is made to be blown into the part 21B. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, sufficient air is supplied into the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B by blowing cooling air to promote combustion of the mixed fuel, and a complicated air flow is generated in the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B. To.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, air is supplied into the fuel supply side space portion 21 </ b> A through the first air hole 23 formed on the base end side of the combustion cylinder 16, and further, the third air hole 25 formed in the partition plate 22. Then, air is supplied from the fuel supply side space 21A to the combustion space 21B. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, air is supplied to the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B via the second air holes 24 formed in the combustion tube 16 corresponding to the vaporization promotion tube 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19 in the combustion space portion 21 </ b> B. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, combustion is most actively performed, but efficient combustion is performed by supplying sufficient air around the vaporization promotion cylinder 18 and the vaporization promotion plate 19, which are the vaporization promotion parts that are likely to cause a temperature drop. To be done.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, air and flame flow into the internal space from the fourth air hole 26 formed in the vaporization promoting cylinder 18, thereby suppressing blowback from the jet / exhaust unit 4 side and in the internal space. To promote combustion in In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, turbulent flow is generated in the combustion space portion 21B by supplying air in the direction opposite to the flow of the exhaust gas from the fifth air hole 30B immediately before the flame / exhaust portion 4. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, by supplying secondary air from the sixth air hole 31A formed in the flame / exhaust cylinder 31, unburned gas remaining in the exhaust gas discharged from the flame / exhaust cylinder 31, etc. So that the secondary combustion is promoted.

  In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, for example, when the operation is stopped, the waste oil supply is cut off and the kerosene is supplied again. In the waste oil combustion apparatus 1, the generation of black smoke due to incomplete combustion at the time of stop is prevented by continuing the kerosene supply for a while to completely burn and stop the waste oil remaining in the combustion space portion 21B.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste oil combustion apparatus, 2 Fuel supply part, 3 Combustion part, 4 Flame / exhaust part, 5 Blower, 7 Burner cylinder, 9 Waste oil injection nozzle, 13 Kerosene injection nozzle, 15 Swirling flow production | generation rib, 16 Combustion cylinder, 17 Out Cylinder, 18 vaporization promotion cylinder, 19 vaporization promotion plate, 20 cooling space part, 21 internal space part, 21A fuel supply side space part, 21B combustion space part, 22 partition plate, 23 first air hole, 24 second air hole, 25 3rd air hole, 26 4th air hole, 27 Evaporation promotion cylinder support member, 28 Evaporation promotion plate support member, 29 Diffusion rib, 30 Tip assembly cylinder, 31 Flame / exhaust cylinder, 32 Flange ring

Claims (6)

Waste oil supply means for injecting and supplying waste oil as main fuel from a waste oil injection nozzle, nozzle air supply means for mixing air with the waste oil connected to the waste oil supply means, and kerosene as auxiliary fuel from a kerosene injection nozzle A fuel supply unit comprising: kerosene supply means for supplying the fuel while controlling the amount; and a combustion air supply means for forming the mixed fuel by mixing the waste oil and the kerosene and supplying the combustion air ,
A combustion cylinder that constitutes a combustion space part in which the mixed fuel and the waste oil injected and supplied in combination with the fuel supply part are combusted, and coaxially with the mixing means of the fuel supply part in the combustion cylinder A combustion section having vaporization promotion means for promoting vaporization of the mixed fuel and the waste oil that are disposed and supplied;
A flame / exhaust unit that is combined with the combustion unit on the other side facing the fuel supply unit, and discharges flame, gas, and smoke to the outside generated in the combustion unit along with combustion of the mixed fuel and the waste oil. And
The vaporization promoting means of the combustion section is combined with a funnel-shaped vaporization promoting cylinder having a large diameter part on the side of the flame / exhaust part, and a small diameter part on the fuel supply part side is closed on the vaporization promoting cylinder. A vaporization promoting plate formed with diffusion ribs that are radially provided on the main surface to which the mixed fuel and the waste oil supplied from the mixing means are sprayed to diffuse the mixed fuel and the waste oil into the internal space. Consisting of
A waste oil combustion apparatus in which the mixed fuel and the waste oil supplied from the fuel supply unit are vaporized by the vaporization promoting means in the combustion space portion of the combustion cylinder and burned by generating a turbulent flow. The fuel supply unit is formed in a drum shape in which the central portion in which the mixing means blows combustion air taken in from one end side into the combustion cylinder from the other end side, and a plurality of swirls are formed on the inner peripheral wall. Consists of a burner cylinder with flow-generating ribs,
The burner cylinder is arranged so that the waste oil injection nozzle and the tip of the kerosene injection nozzle are positioned at the central portion, thereby generating a mixed fuel in which the waste oil and the kerosene supplied from each are mixed. The waste oil combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixed fuel, the waste oil, and the combustion air flow along the swirl flow generation rib to give swirl characteristics and supply the swirl characteristics to the combustion unit. The combustion part includes an outer cylinder that is combined with an outer cooling part of the combustion cylinder to constitute an air cooling space through which air cooling air flows.
Combustion is promoted by supplying a part of the air cooling air flowing through the air cooling space into the combustion cylinder through an air supply hole formed at least corresponding to the vaporization promotion plate of the vaporization promotion means. The waste oil combustion apparatus of Claim 1 or Claim 2 performed.   The waste oil combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vaporization promoting means is detachably installed on a holding means provided on an inner peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder. The flame / exhaust section has an exhaust cylinder having a smaller diameter than the combustion cylinder combined with a side wall closing one end of the outer cylinder,
Secondary combustion is performed by supplying a part of the air cooling air flowing through the air cooling space through a plurality of secondary air supply holes formed in the outer peripheral wall corresponding to the air cooling space of the exhaust pipe. The waste oil combustion apparatus according to claim 3, wherein The jet / exhaust portion is configured with a side air flow passage space portion communicating with the air-cooling space portion at the opening portion of the combustion cylinder,
The turbulent flow is generated in the combustion space portion by supplying a part of the air cooling air flowing through the air cooling space portion from the side air passage space portion to the combustion space portion. The waste oil combustion apparatus of Claim 1.

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