JP2012064141A - Crime prevention device, crime prevention method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a crime prevention device, a crime prevention method and program capable of preventing occurrence of a crime more easily at a high level.SOLUTION: The crime prevention device detects locations of persons who exist in a monitored area 94. Among the detected persons, a person who has intruded in an intrusion prohibited area 96 is regarded as an unidentified person and a person who has not intruded in the intrusion prohibited area 96 is determined as a guard. Based on the locations of the unidentified person and guard detected, and the installation location of a guarded object 80, the device computes a crime risk value showing a risk level of a crime which the unidentified person can commit to the guarded object 80, and executes a processing predetermined to prevent a crime, using the computed crime risk value.

Description

  The present invention relates to a crime prevention device, a crime prevention method, and a program.

  Conventionally, for the purpose of providing a crime prevention device capable of preventing crime more efficiently, Patent Document 1 by the present applicant obtains image information of the target area in real time by photographing the target area. Based on the acquired image information, while detecting the position of the person existing in the target area at a predetermined time interval, the detected person is identified as a defender, a defender, and an indeterminate person, Based on the position of the detected person and the specific result, a first distance that is a distance between the defender and the defender, and a second distance that is a distance between the indefinite person and the defender. Based on the ratio of the derived first distance and second distance, a crime risk value indicating the crime risk level by the indefinite person for the defender is calculated, and the crime risk value is used. To prevent crime Crime prevention device for executing predetermined processing Te have been disclosed.

JP 2009-140264 A

  However, although the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 can effectively prevent crimes when the object of defense is a person (defender), the object of defense is a shrine, a Buddhist temple, etc. Articles such as Buddha statues, buildings, gates, etc. that have been historically valuable, and items with high monetary value, such as cash, jewelry, and securities (hereinafter referred to as “defendables”). In some cases, there is a problem that it is not always possible to prevent the occurrence of crimes simply and at a high level.

  That is, when the defensive target is a person, it is necessary to consider the movement of the defensive person. Therefore, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to constantly track the defensive person. The area to be monitored is also wide. For this reason, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot always prevent crimes from occurring at a simple and high level.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a crime prevention device, a crime prevention method, and a program that can prevent the occurrence of crime at a simpler and higher level.

  In order to achieve the above object, the crime prevention apparatus according to claim 1 is a photographing means for obtaining image information of a monitoring target area by photographing a monitoring target area having an intrusion prohibited area where a guarded object is installed. And detecting means for detecting the position of a person existing in the monitoring target area based on the image information acquired by the photographing means, and the person detected by the detecting means has entered the intrusion prohibited area. Identification means for identifying a person as an unidentified person and a person who has not entered the intrusion prohibited area as a defensive person, positions of the unidentified person and the defensive person detected by the detecting means, and installation of the defensive object Calculating means for calculating a crime risk value indicating a level of crime risk by the indefinite person with respect to the guarded object based on the position; and a crime risk calculated by the calculating means Using the value, and a, and execution means for executing predetermined processing as to prevent the crime.

  According to the crime prevention apparatus according to claim 1, the image information of the monitoring target area is acquired by photographing the monitoring target area having the intrusion prohibited area where the defense object is installed by the photographing means, and the detection means Based on the image information acquired by the photographing means, the position of a person existing in the monitoring target area is detected.

  Here, in the present invention, among the people detected by the detecting means by the specifying means, the person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area is defined as an indefinite person, and the person who has not entered the intrusion prohibited area is defined as a defender. Based on the positions of the indeterminate person and the defender detected by the detection means and the installation position of the defensive object, the crime risk by the undetermined person with respect to the defensive object is specified. A crime risk value indicating the height is calculated.

  In the present invention, the execution unit executes a predetermined process for preventing crime using the crime risk value calculated by the calculation unit.

  That is, in the present invention, the defensive object is set in the intrusion prohibited area, the person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area is an indefinite person, and the crime risk value for the defensive object is calculated for the indefinite person. I am doing so. Thereby, in the present invention, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of crime more easily and at a higher level than the conventional technology in which the object of defense is a person and the person needs to be tracked over a wide range at all times. ing.

  If the guarded items are historically valuable, such as Buddha statues, buildings, gates, etc. provided at shrines / buddhist temples, etc. In many cases, it is clearly stated that the entry is prohibited. In this case, the physical warning line can also be used as the boundary of the intrusion prohibited area.

  Thus, according to the crime prevention apparatus according to claim 1, the position of the person existing in the monitoring target area is detected, and among the detected persons, the person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area is defined as an indefinite person, and the intrusion prohibited area A person who identifies a person who has not entered the field as a defensive person and indicates the high risk of crime by the unidentified person for that defensive person based on the position of the unidentified person and defensive person detected and the position of the defensive object. Since the risk value is calculated, and the calculated crime risk value is used to execute a predetermined process to prevent crime, it is simpler and higher than when the defensive target is always tracked The level of crime can be prevented.

  In the present invention, as in the invention described in claim 2, the calculation means includes a distance between the indefinite person and the defended object, and a distance between the defender and the indefinite person. The crime risk value may be calculated based on the ratio. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of a crime can be prevented more simply.

  In particular, the invention described in claim 2 is a method for indicating the distance to the guarded object for each of the divided areas obtained by dividing the monitoring target area into a plurality of areas, as in the invention described in claim 3. Storage means for preliminarily storing the first distance information and the second distance information indicating the distance to the other divided region, and the calculation means reads the corresponding first distance information from the storage means to thereby determine the indefiniteness. The distance between the defender and the indefinite person may be acquired by acquiring the distance between the defender and the defended object and reading the corresponding second distance information from the storage means. Thereby, a high-speed process is attained compared with the case where the distance between an indefinite person and a to-be-defended object, and the distance between a defender and an indefinite person are calculated | required.

  The storage means includes a RAM (Random Access Memory), an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory), a semiconductor storage element such as a flash EEPROM (Flash EEPROM), a portable recording medium such as a flexible disk, a hard disk, etc. Or an external storage device provided in a server computer connected to a network.

  Further, in the invention described in claim 2 or claim 3, as in the invention described in claim 4, the calculation means includes a distance between the indeterminate person and the guarded object, and the guarder. A moving average value for a predetermined period may be used as the distance to the indefinite person. Thereby, the crime risk value more suitable for the substance can be obtained.

  Further, according to the present invention, as in the invention described in claim 5, the calculation means may weight the crime risk value so that the crime risk value becomes a larger value as the indeterminate person is closer to the defense object. Thereby, the crime risk value more suitable for the substance can be obtained.

  In the present invention, the execution means warns when the crime risk value is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, as the predetermined process, the crime risk value is stored, the crime risk value is displayed. And at least one process of notifying the defender closest to the guarded object that the crime risk is high may be executed. Thereby, the effect according to the applied process can be acquired.

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, the crime prevention method according to claim 6 acquires the image information of the monitoring target area by photographing the monitoring target area having the intrusion prohibited area where the defensive object is installed. Based on the image information acquired by the imaging means, a detection step for detecting the position of a person existing in the monitoring target region, and among those detected by the detection step, a person who has entered the intrusion prohibited region is indefinite. A specific step of identifying a person who has not entered the intrusion prohibited area as a defensive person, a position of the indefinite person and the defensive person detected by the detection step, and a position of the defensive object Using a calculation step of calculating a crime risk value indicating the level of crime risk by the indefinite person for the defended item, and a crime risk value calculated by the calculation step Has an execution step of executing a predetermined processing as to prevent the crime, the.

  Therefore, according to the crime prevention method described in claim 6, since it operates in the same manner as in the invention described in claim 1, as in the invention described in claim 1, the occurrence of crime is prevented at a simpler and higher level. be able to.

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, the program according to claim 7 obtains image information of a monitoring target area by photographing a monitoring target area having an intrusion prohibition area where a guarded object is installed. Detecting means for detecting a position of a person existing in the monitoring target area based on image information acquired by the imaging means, and a person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area among the persons detected by the detecting means. An identification means for identifying a person who is an indefinite person and who has not entered the intrusion prohibited area as a defensive person, a position of the unidentified person and the defensive person detected by the detecting means, and a position where the guarded object is installed Calculation means for calculating a crime risk value indicating the level of crime risk by the indefinite person with respect to the guarded object, and a crime calculated by the calculation means With risk value, it is intended to function as an execution means for executing predetermined processing as to prevent the crime.

  Therefore, according to the program according to the seventh aspect, the computer can be caused to act similarly to the invention according to the first aspect. Therefore, as with the invention according to the first aspect, the crime can be performed at a simpler and higher level. Can be prevented.

  According to the present invention, the position of a person existing in the monitoring target area is detected, and among the detected persons, a person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area is defined as an indefinite person, and a person who has not entered the intrusion prohibited area is defined as a defender. Crime calculated by calculating the crime risk value that indicates the level of crime risk by the indefinite person for the guarded object based on the position of the unidentified person and the defender identified and detected, and the position of the guarded object. Since the risk value is used to perform a predetermined process to prevent crime, crime can be prevented more easily and at a higher level than when tracking a defensive object at all times. The effect of being able to be obtained is obtained.

It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the crime prevention system which concerns on embodiment. It is a top view which shows the structure of the building which the crime prevention system which concerns on embodiment makes into the monitoring object. It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of the electric system of the crime prevention apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the main memory content of the secondary memory | storage part with which the crime prevention apparatus which concerns on embodiment was equipped. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the distance information database which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the positional infomation database which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the visitor initial setting process program which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the crime prevention process program which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows an example of the display state of the monitoring screen which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the leaving person deletion processing program which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the crime prevention process program which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the other structural example of the thing which the crime prevention system which concerns on embodiment makes into the monitoring object.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Here, a case will be described in which the present invention is applied to a crime prevention system for monitoring a room in which a Buddha image is placed in order to prevent the occurrence of a crime against a Buddha image in a temple.

[First Embodiment]
First, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the structure of the crime prevention system 10 to which this invention was applied is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment includes a crime prevention device 20 that plays a central role in the system 10, and an area that is a monitoring target in the system 10 (here, the Buddha image is displayed). The room 30 is an enshrined room and is hereinafter referred to as a “monitoring target area”.) The camera 30 that captures the image 94 and the alarm unit 40 that issues an alarm to the monitoring target area 94 include the camera 30 and the alarm unit. 40 is electrically connected to the crime prevention apparatus 20.

  In the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment, the crime prevention device 20 is installed in the server room 92 of the monitoring target building (temple). It may be provided in other buildings.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, a defensive object (in this embodiment, a Buddha image) 80 that is a defensive object by the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment is almost the same as a monitoring target area 94 in the monitoring target building 90. An intrusion prohibition area 96 is provided around the guarded object 80 and is provided at the center.

  The intrusion prohibition area 96 according to the present embodiment is partitioned between the inside and the outside by a fence 96A, and a bulletin board (notice) that prohibits entry into the inside of the fence 96A is described in the vicinity of the fence 96A. (Not shown) is provided. In addition, in order to make it easy to see the guarded object 80, the fence 96A is relatively low, and is high enough to allow a person to straddle. On the other hand, since the periphery of the monitoring target area 94 is an observation path 98, any visitors to the monitoring target area 94 can enter the intrusion prohibited area 96.

  In addition, in the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment, it is assumed that one camera 30 can capture almost the entire monitoring target area 94, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of cameras 30 is used. Thus, the monitoring target area 94 may be photographed. Further, in the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment, a speaker is used as the alarm unit 40. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other alarms such as a display device that displays an image indicating a buzzer or a warning can be notified. You may make it use an apparatus individually or in combination.

  The crime prevention apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment has an automatic tracking function for automatically tracking a person existing in the monitoring target area 94 based on image information obtained by photographing with the camera 30, and the image information. A human position detection function is provided for recognizing whether or not a person exists in the displayed image and deriving existence position information indicating the existence position when the person exists.

  In the crime prevention apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, the recognition as to whether or not the person exists is recognized by the image indicated by the image information input from the camera 30 in a substantially circular shape and the human head. Is a region of a predetermined size within the range of the area, and at least one of the color of the human hair such as black, brown, white, gold, etc., and at least one of the skin color is more than half of the total area If there is an area that occupies the area, the area is considered to be a person's head area, and it is recognized that a person exists. It is good also as a form performed by applying. Further, in crime prevention apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, the planes of all the areas (monitoring target area 94 in the present embodiment) whose presence position information indicating the presence position of the person is to be imaged by camera 30 are described. The coordinates are derived as coordinate information of an XY coordinate system with a predetermined position in the shape (in this embodiment, the position of the upper left corner point in FIG. 2) as the origin (0, 0).

  In the crime prevention apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment, the above-described automatic tracking function is performed based on the image information input from the camera 30 based on the person's area specified by the person position detection function based on the image information. This is realized by using a so-called feature point tracking algorithm that extracts and tracks predetermined feature points.

  Note that the feature point tracking algorithm is described in many documents such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-20800, and is well known in the art, so detailed description thereof is omitted here.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the structure of the main part of the electrical system of the crime prevention apparatus 20 having a particularly important role in the crime prevention system 10 will be described.

  As shown in the figure, the crime prevention apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment includes a CPU (central processing unit) 20A that controls the operation of the crime prevention apparatus 20 as a whole and a work area when the CPU 20A executes various processing programs. A RAM 20B used, a ROM 20C in which various control programs, various parameters, and the like are stored in advance, a secondary storage unit (here, a hard disk device) 20D as a storage means used for storing various information, and various information A keyboard 20E used for inputting, a display 20F used for displaying various kinds of information, and an input / output I / F (interface) 20G for exchanging various signals between external devices and the like are provided. These parts are electrically connected to each other by a system bus BUS.

  Accordingly, the CPU 20A accesses the RAM 20B, ROM 20C, and secondary storage unit 20D, acquires various input information via the keyboard 20E, displays various information on the display 20F, and external devices via the input / output I / F 20G. Various signals can be exchanged between the two. Note that the camera 30 and the alarm unit 40 are electrically connected to the crime prevention apparatus 20 via the input / output I / F 20G.

  On the other hand, FIG. 4 schematically shows the main storage contents of the secondary storage unit 20D provided in the crime prevention apparatus 20.

  As shown in the figure, the secondary storage unit 20D is provided with a database area DB for storing various databases and a program area PG for storing various applications and programs.

  The database area DB includes a distance information database DB1 and a position information database DB2. Hereinafter, the configuration of each database will be described in detail.

  In the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment, the planar shape of the monitoring target area 94 is divided into a matrix with rectangles each having the same size, and the distance to the guard 80 is determined for each of the divided areas. The crime prevention processing program (see FIG. 5) described later using the information shown (hereinafter referred to as “first distance information”) and the information indicating the distance to another segmented area (hereinafter referred to as “second distance information”). (See also 8).

  The distance information database DB1 indicates the first distance information and the second distance information. As shown in FIG. 5, as an example, the first distance information and the second distance information are provided for each of the divided areas. Are stored in advance. In the example shown in FIG. 5, for example, the distance from the segmented area located in the upper left corner of the figure to the guarded object 80 is 230 (cm), and the distance from the segmented area to the segmented area adjacent to the right is It is shown to be 10 cm.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6 as an example, the position information database DB2 is configured to store information on pixel positions and position coordinates.

  In the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment, the camera 30 is fixed in the range including the monitoring target region 94 by fixing the installation position, the shooting direction, and the enlargement ratio. In this state, the pixel position of the solid-state imaging device incorporated in the camera 30 and the corresponding position coordinate in the XY coordinate system are stored in association with each other, and the camera 30 obtains the position based on this information. The position of the person existing in the image of the photographing target area indicated by the image information is specified.

  The pixel position and the position coordinate in the position information database DB2 correspond to the pixel position by the solid-state imaging device and the position coordinate in the XY coordinate system, and are photographed by the camera 30 by referring to these information. The position of a person existing in the image can be specified as the position in the XY coordinate system.

  In the position information database DB2 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, as the pixel position, a pair of diagonal coordinates of a rectangular pixel area (imaging area) in the solid-state imaging device. Corresponding to the pixel region including a predetermined position (center position in the present embodiment) of a predetermined portion (in this embodiment, a foot) of a person existing in the captured image by applying a value The position of the person in the XY coordinate system is specified by referring to the position coordinates.

  Next, the operation of the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  First, the operation of the crime prevention system 10 when a person newly enters the monitoring target area 94 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing of the visitor initial setting processing program executed by the CPU 20A of the crime prevention apparatus 20 when a new visitor to the monitoring target area 94 is detected by the person position detection function. The program is stored in advance in the program area PG of the secondary storage unit 20D. Here, a case where the position information database DB2 is constructed in advance to avoid complications will be described.

  In step 100 in the figure, new identification information is given to the detected visitor, and in the next step 102, “guardian” is given as the type of the visitor.

  In other words, in the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment, a person who is highly likely to commit a crime such as theft or destruction of property to the guarded object 80 with respect to a person to be monitored 94. ”And“ Defender ”who is a person excluding indeterminate persons and who can suppress the occurrence of the crime. In step 102, new visitors to the monitored area 94 are entered. “Defender” is assigned as the initial setting of the type for the.

  In the next step 104, the identification information and type given to the visitor by the above processing are associated with each other and stored in a predetermined area of the secondary storage unit 20D. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step 106, where the automatic tracking function described above is used in advance. After starting the feature point tracking process for the visitor, which is executed according to the defined feature point tracking algorithm, the attendee initial setting processing program is terminated.

  Note that the feature point tracking process executed in step 106 is executed as an interrupt process every predetermined period (in this embodiment, 0.1 second), and uses image information input from the camera 30. Thus, the presence positions in the monitoring target area 94 of all the visitors are individually obtained, and the existence position information indicating the existence positions (in this embodiment, the XY coordinate system defined by the position information database DB2). The information indicating the upper position) is associated with the identification information given to the corresponding visitor and sequentially stored in a predetermined area of the secondary storage unit 20D in real time.

  Next, the operation of the crime prevention system 10 when executing crime prevention processing will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing of the crime prevention processing program executed by the CPU 20A when an execution instruction is received via the keyboard 20E of the crime prevention device 20 or the like. It is stored in advance in the program area PG of the storage unit 20D. Here, a case will be described in which the distance information database DB1 is constructed in advance in order to avoid complications.

  In step 200 in the figure, identification information, type, and latest location information regarding all visitors to the monitoring target area 94 (hereinafter referred to as “processing target visitors”) are read from the secondary storage unit 20D.

  In the next step 202, it is determined whether or not there are any persons who have entered the intrusion prohibited area 96 among the processing target visitors. If a negative determination is made, the process proceeds to step 206 described later, while an affirmative determination is made. In this case, the process proceeds to step 204, and after changing the type of the visitor who has entered the intrusion prohibited area 96 to “undefined person”, the process proceeds to step 206.

  In the crime prevention system 10 according to the present embodiment, coordinate information indicating the range of the intrusion prohibition area 96 is stored in advance in a predetermined area in the secondary storage unit 20D of the crime prevention apparatus 20, and the processing target visitors It is determined whether or not the intrusion prohibited area 96 has been entered. Whether or not the position indicated by the presence position information read out by the processing of step 200 is included in the range of the intrusion prohibited area 96 indicated by the coordinate information. It is done by judging.

  In step 206, it is determined whether there is an indeterminate person in the process target visitors by determining whether there is a process target visitor to which the indeterminate person is assigned as the type, and a negative determination is made. In this case, the process proceeds to step 216 described later. On the other hand, if the determination is positive, the process proceeds to step 208.

  In step 208, the distance between the indeterminate person specified by the type obtained by the above process and the defense object 80 is derived for all indefinite persons and stored in a predetermined area of the secondary storage unit 20D. In the present embodiment, the distance information database DB1 represents the distance between the indeterminate person and the guarded object 80, the first distance information corresponding to the segment area including the position indicated by the presence position information corresponding to the indefinite person. Derived by reading from.

  In the next step 210, the distance between the defender and the indeterminate specified by the type is derived for all combinations of the defender and the indeterminate, and stored in a predetermined area of the secondary storage unit 20D. In the present embodiment, the distance between the defender and the indeterminate is an indefinite target for the distance derivation in the second distance information of the divided area including the position indicated by the presence position information corresponding to the defender. The information corresponding to the divided area including the position indicated by the presence position information corresponding to the person is derived by reading from the distance information database DB1.

Note that the time at this time is t, and the distance between the j-th indeterminate person and the defensive object 80 derived by the process of step 208 is represented as a distance D _j (t), and is derived by the process of step 210. The distance between the k-th defender and the j-th undefined person is represented as a distance D _kj (t).

In the next step 212, the crime risk indicating the high crime risk of the j-th indeterminate person to the defended item 80 based on the distance D _j (t) and the distance D _kj (t) obtained by the above processing. The value R _j (t) is calculated and stored in a predetermined area of the secondary storage unit 20D.

In the crime prevention processing program according to the present embodiment, the crime risk value R _j (t) is calculated as follows.

First, the provisional crime risk value R _j ′ (t) is calculated by substituting the distance D _j (t) and the distance D _kj (t) into the following equation (1). Here, min _k () in the expression (1) is a function indicating that the minimum value for all k of the calculation results in parentheses is applied.

また、次の（２）式によって係数Ｃ_Ｒを算出する。ここで、（２）式におけるＣ_１は、犯罪リスク値を調整する係数であり、仮犯罪リスク値Ｒ_ｊ’（ｔ）＝１の場合の犯罪リスク値Ｒ_ｊ（ｔ）の値である。

Also, the coefficient _CR is calculated by the following equation (2). Here, C ₁ in the equation (2) is a coefficient for adjusting the crime risk value, and is the value of the crime risk value R _j (t) when the provisional crime risk value R _j ′ (t) = 1.

そして、以上によって得られた仮犯罪リスク値Ｒ_ｊ’（ｔ）、係数Ｃ_Ｒ、および重み付け値Ｗ_ｊを次の（３）式に代入することにより、犯罪リスク値Ｒ_ｊ（ｔ）を算出する。なお、重み付け値Ｗ_ｊは、予め定められた値（本実施の形態では、１．０）を上限値として、ｊ番目の不定者から被守備物８０までの距離が近いほど大きな値となるものである。

Then, the crime risk value R _j (t) is calculated by substituting the provisional crime risk value R _j ′ (t), coefficient C _R , and weighting value W _j obtained as described above into the following equation (3). To do. The weighting value W _j has a predetermined value (1.0 in the present embodiment) as an upper limit value, and becomes a larger value as the distance from the j-th indeterminate person to the defended object 80 is shorter. It is.

なお、通常は係数Ｃ_１として０．５を適用することにより、係数Ｃ_Ｒを−１とする。これにより、（３）式は次の（４）式に変形される。

Incidentally, normally by applying a 0.5 as a coefficient _{C 1,} the coefficient _{C R} -1. Thereby, the expression (3) is transformed into the following expression (4).

次のステップ２１４では、上記ステップ２１２の処理によって得られた犯罪リスク値Ｒ_ｊ（ｔ）を用いて、犯罪を防止するものとして予め定められた処理を実行し、その後にステップ２１６に移行する。

In the next step 214, the crime risk value R _j (t) obtained by the processing in the above step 212 is used to execute a predetermined process for preventing crime, and then the process proceeds to step 216.

  In the crime prevention process program according to the present embodiment, as a predetermined process in step 214 described above, a process for displaying the monitoring screen shown in FIG. 9 on the display 20F as an example is applied.

In the monitoring screen shown in the figure, a plan view of the monitoring target area 94 is displayed, and a mark indicating an indefinite person (“☆” in the present embodiment) at the position of the indefinite person is a crime risk value R _j (t ) And a mark (“◯” in the present embodiment) indicating the defender at the position of the defender. Therefore, by referring to the monitoring screen, the user can confirm the positions of the indeterminate person and the defender and can grasp the crime risk value of the indefinite person.

The predetermined process in step 214 is not limited to the display of such a monitoring screen, but a process of issuing an alarm by the alarm unit 40 when the crime risk value R _j (t) is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. Processing for displaying an enlarged image of an indeterminate person on the display 20F when the crime risk value R _j (t) is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, mobile information) Various processes such as a process for issuing a warning via a terminal device such as a terminal can be applied singly or in combination.

  Further, the predetermined threshold value may be automatically set according to the required level of safety and usage, or may be input by the user of the crime prevention system 10 via the keyboard 20E or the like. it can.

  In step 216, it is determined whether or not a predetermined end condition is satisfied. If a negative determination is made, the process proceeds to step 218 and waits for a predetermined time (in this embodiment, 0.1 second). After that, the process returns to step 200. On the other hand, if the determination in step 216 is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 220, and the characteristics for all the visitors started by the visitor initial setting processing program. After controlling to stop the point tracking process, the crime prevention processing program is terminated.

  In the crime prevention processing program according to the present embodiment, the condition that the time set in advance as the time to end the monitoring of the monitoring target area 94 is reached as the ending condition to be applied in the processing of step 216. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the condition that the instruction input for instructing the end of the crime prevention processing program is made via the keyboard 20E or the like, and the remaining storage capacity of the secondary storage unit 20D is It goes without saying that other conditions such as a condition that the amount is equal to or less than the predetermined amount can be applied.

  Next, the operation of the crime prevention system 10 when a visitor leaves the monitoring target area 94 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing of the exit person deletion processing program executed by the CPU 20A of the crime prevention apparatus 20 when it becomes impossible to automatically track visitors by the automatic tracking function. Pre-stored in the program area PG of the next storage unit 20D.

  In step 300 in the figure, the identification information and type regarding the visitor who can no longer be automatically tracked by the automatic tracking function is deleted from the secondary storage unit 20D, and in step 302, the feature point tracking process for the visitor is performed. After controlling to stop, this exit person deletion processing program is terminated.

  As described above in detail, in the present embodiment, the position of a person existing in the monitoring target area is detected, and among those detected, the person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area is defined as an indeterminate person and the intrusion is prohibited. Criminal risk value indicating the level of criminal risk by the indeterminate person for the defensive person based on the position of the unidentified person and the defensive person detected and the installation position of the defensive object. Because the calculated crime risk value is used to execute a predetermined process to prevent crime, it is simpler and at a higher level than when tracking the defensive object at all times. The occurrence of crime can be prevented.

  In the present embodiment, the crime risk value is calculated based on the ratio between the distance between the indefinite person and the defended object and the distance between the defender and the indefinite person. Therefore, crime can be prevented more easily.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, for each of the divided areas obtained by dividing the monitoring target area into a plurality of areas, the first distance information indicating the distance to the guarded object and the distances to other divided areas are indicated. Second distance information is stored in advance, and the corresponding first distance information is read to obtain the distance between the indeterminate person and the guarded object, and the corresponding second distance information is read. Thus, the distance between the defender and the indefinite person is acquired, so that high-speed processing is possible as compared with the case of obtaining these distances by calculation.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the crime risk value is weighted so as to become larger as the indeterminate person is closer to the guarded object, so that a crime risk value more realistic can be obtained.

[Second Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the example of obtaining the crime risk value based on the distance between the indefinite person and the defended object 80 and the distance between the defender and the indefinite person has been described. A form demonstrates the example in the case of calculating | requiring a criminal risk value based on the time when an indefinite person arrives at the to-be-defended object 80, and the time by which a defender reaches an indefinite person.

  The configuration of the crime prevention system 10 according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the crime prevention system 10 according to the first embodiment (see FIGS. 1 to 4). Description is omitted.

  Next, the operation of the crime prevention system 10 according to the second embodiment will be described. In addition, since the effect | action at the time of executing the visitor initial setting process program and the leaving person deletion process program in the crime prevention system 10 which concerns on this 2nd Embodiment is the same as that of the said 1st Embodiment, it is here. Referring to FIG. 11, the operation of the crime prevention system 10 according to the second embodiment when the crime prevention processing program is executed will be described. Note that FIG. 11 shows the flow of the crime prevention processing program according to the second embodiment, which is executed by the CPU 20A when an execution instruction is received via the keyboard 20E of the crime prevention device 20 or the like. This program is stored in advance in the program area PG of the secondary storage unit 20D. Also, steps in FIG. 11 that execute the same processing as in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same step numbers as in FIG. 8, and description thereof is omitted here.

In step 209 in the figure, the distance P _j (t) for each indeterminate person to arrive at the defense equipment 80 by substituting the distance D _j (t) obtained by the processing of step 208 into the following equation (5). t) is calculated and stored in a predetermined area of the secondary storage unit 20D. Here, F in Formula (5) is an average adult walking speed (as an example, 1.3 m / s).

一方、ステップ２１１では、上記ステップ２１０の処理によって得られた距離Ｄ_ｋｊ（ｔ）を次の（６）式に代入することにより、各守備者が各不定者に到達する時間Ｐ_ｋｊ（ｔ）を算出し、二次記憶部２０Ｄの所定領域に記憶する。

On the other hand, in step 211, the distance P _kj (t) for each defender to reach each indeterminate by substituting the distance D _kj (t) obtained by the processing in step 210 into the following equation (6). Is calculated and stored in a predetermined area of the secondary storage unit 20D.

その後、ステップ２１２’では、上記ステップ２０９およびステップ２１１の処理によって得られた到達時間Ｐ_ｊ（ｔ）および到達時間Ｐ_ｋｊ（ｔ）に基づいて、ｊ番目の不定者による被守備物８０に対する犯罪リスクの高さを示す犯罪リスク値Ｒ_ｊ（ｔ）’を算出する。

Thereafter, in step 212 ′, a crime against the defended item 80 by the j-th indeterminate person based on the arrival time P _j (t) and the arrival time P _kj (t) obtained by the processing of step 209 and step 211. A crime risk value R _j (t) ′ indicating the level of risk is calculated.

In the crime prevention processing program according to the present embodiment, the crime risk value R _j (t) ′ is calculated as follows.

First, the provisional crime risk value R _j ′ (t) ′ is calculated by substituting the arrival time P _j (t) and the arrival time P _kj (t) into the following equation (7). Here, min _k () in Expression (7) is a function indicating that the minimum value for all k of the calculation results in parentheses is applied.

また、上記（２）式と同様に係数Ｃ_Ｒ’を算出した後、以上によって得られた仮犯罪リスク値Ｒ_ｊ’（ｔ）’および係数Ｃ_Ｒ’を次の（８）式に代入することにより、犯罪リスク値Ｒ_ｊ（ｔ）’を算出する。

Further, after calculating the coefficient C _R ′ in the same manner as the above expression (2), the provisional crime risk value R _j ′ (t) ′ and the coefficient C _R ′ obtained as described above are substituted into the following expression (8). Thus, the crime risk value R _j (t) ′ is calculated.

なお、通常は係数Ｃ_１として０．５を適用することにより、係数Ｃ_Ｒ’を−１とする。これにより、（８）式は次の（９）式に変形される。

In general, the coefficient C _R ′ is set to −1 by applying 0.5 as the coefficient C ₁ . Thereby, the equation (8) is transformed into the following equation (9).

以上詳細に説明したように、本第２の実施の形態では、上記第１の実施の形態と略同様の効果を奏することができると共に、不定者が被守備物に到達する時間である第１の到達時間（ここでは、到達時間Ｐ_ｊ（ｔ））を導出すると共に、守備者が不定者に到達する時間である第２の到達時間（ここでは、到達時間Ｐ_ｋｊ（ｔ））を導出し、導出した第１の到達時間と第２の到達時間の比率に基づいて前記犯罪リスク値を演算しているので、より高精度に犯罪を防止することができる。

As described above in detail, in the second embodiment, it is possible to achieve substantially the same effect as in the first embodiment, and the first time that the indeterminate person reaches the guarded object is the first time. the arrival time (here, the arrival time P _{j (t))} derived as well as derive (here, the arrival time P _{kj (t))} a second arrival time defensive party is time to reach indeterminate person to Since the crime risk value is calculated based on the derived ratio between the first arrival time and the second arrival time, crime can be prevented with higher accuracy.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using embodiment, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in the said embodiment. Various modifications or improvements can be added to the above-described embodiment without departing from the gist of the invention, and embodiments to which such modifications or improvements are added are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  The above embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims (claims), and all the combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential for the solution means of the invention. Is not limited. The embodiments described above include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriately combining a plurality of disclosed constituent elements. Even if some constituent requirements are deleted from all the constituent requirements shown in the embodiment, as long as an effect is obtained, a configuration from which these some constituent requirements are deleted can be extracted as an invention.

  For example, in each of the above embodiments, a case has been described in which the distance itself at the time of calculation is derived as the distance between the indeterminate person and the defended object 80 and the distance between the defender and the indefinite person. The invention is not limited to this, and a moving average value for a predetermined period (for example, 5 seconds) may be used as these distances.

  In this case, the period for which the moving average value is taken is, for example, 1 second when theft and property damage are targeted for crime prevention, and 10 seconds when arson is targeted for crime prevention. It is good also as a form changed according to the kind of sin.

  With these forms, crime risk values that are more realistic can be obtained.

  Further, using the amount of change in the distance between the indeterminate person and the guarded object 80 nearest in time and the amount of change in the distance between the defender and the indefinite person, the prediction of these distances after a predetermined period of time is performed. It is good also as a form which calculates and applies a value. In this case, the occurrence of crime can be prevented immediately.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the entire area of the monitoring target area 94 is covered by one camera 30 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the monitoring target area 94 is formed by a plurality of cameras. It is good also as a form which covers the whole region. In this case, the boundary of adjacent shooting areas by each camera is matched or the shooting angle of view of each camera is adjusted in advance so as to partially overlap, and the distance information database DB1 corresponds to the shooting area by each camera. You will have something to do. In this case, it is possible to deal with a monitoring target region having a more complicated shape.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where the present invention is applied to a crime prevention system for monitoring a room in which the Buddha image is placed in order to prevent the occurrence of a crime against the Buddha image in a temple has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 12 as an example, the surroundings of the gate may be monitored in order to prevent the crime of the gate in the temple from occurring. In addition, as shown in the figure, if both ends of the gate are surrounded by fences, the defenders who exist across the fence must defend the side of the gate facing the opposite side of the fence. In this case, it is preferable to provide an entry prohibition area on the outside and inside of the gate with the fence as a boundary, and execute crime prevention processing for each entry prevention area.

  In each of the above embodiments, the case where the crime risk value is derived using the distance between the defender and the indeterminate has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the defense The crime risk value may be derived using the distance between the defender and the defended object 80 instead of the distance between the person and the indefinite person. In this case, the second distance information in the distance information database DB1 is not necessary.

  In each of the above embodiments, the case where the positions of the defender and the indeterminate are detected by the feature point tracking process has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, using an RFID tag. The position of the defender and the indeterminate may be detected by using GPS (Global Positioning Systems).

  As an example of a case where a position is detected using an RFID tag, a visitor in the monitoring target area 94 possesses the RFID tag, while three or more antennas are provided in the monitoring target area 94, and the RFID tag Three antennas receiving the same information are identified, and based on the reception intensity of the radio wave received by the identified antennas, the position of the source RFID tag, that is, the RFID tag is possessed by the triangulation technique The form which specifies the position of the person who is doing can be illustrated. In addition, as an example of a case where the position is detected using GPS, a visitor who enters the monitoring target area 94 possesses a device capable of specifying his / her position by GPS and a wireless transmission device, and The form which transmits the information which shows the position specified by the device, and the identification information allocated to self beforehand to crime prevention device 20 with the above-mentioned wireless transmission device can be illustrated.

  In each of the above embodiments, the case where the camera 30 and the alarm unit 40 and the crime prevention apparatus 20 are electrically connected by wire is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and these At least one of the devices may be electrically connected wirelessly.

  Further, although cases have been described with the above embodiments where the Euclidean distance is applied as the distance, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, other distances such as a Manhattan distance are applied. You can also.

  Moreover, although each said embodiment demonstrated the case where an indefinite person was a person, this invention is not limited to this, For example, it is good also as a form which applies animals, such as a raccoon, as an indefinite person. In this case, it is possible to prevent occurrence of damage to the defended items by the animal.

  In addition, the configuration of the crime prevention system 10 described in the above embodiments (see FIGS. 1 to 4) is merely an example, and unnecessary components may be deleted without departing from the gist of the present invention. Needless to say, new components can be added.

  Further, the flow of processing of the various processing programs shown in the above embodiments (see FIGS. 7, 8, 10, and 11) is also an example, and is unnecessary within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying that processing steps can be deleted, new processing steps can be added, and the order of processing steps can be changed.

  The configurations of the various databases shown in the above embodiments (see FIGS. 5 and 6) are also examples, and some information may be deleted or new within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying that information can be added and the storage location can be changed.

  Furthermore, the various arithmetic expressions shown in the above embodiments (see the expressions (1) to (9)) are also examples, and unnecessary parameters can be deleted without departing from the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying that new parameters can be added and the order of operations can be changed.

10 Crime Prevention System 20 Crime Prevention Device 20A CPU
20D Secondary storage unit 20E Keyboard 20F Display 30 Camera 40 Alarm unit 80 Guarded item 90 Monitored building 94 Monitored region 96 Intrusion prohibited region 96A Fence DB1 Distance information database DB2 Location information database

Claims (7)

Photographing means for obtaining image information of the monitoring target area by photographing the monitoring target area having the intrusion prohibited area where the guarded object is installed;
Detection means for detecting a position of a person existing in the monitoring target area based on image information acquired by the photographing means;
Among the people detected by the detection means, a specific means for specifying a person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area as an indefinite person, and a person who has not entered the intrusion prohibited area as a defender,
Based on the positions of the indeterminate person and the defender detected by the detection means and the installation position of the defensive object, a crime risk value indicating the crime risk level by the undetermined person for the defensive object is calculated. Computing means for
Using the crime risk value calculated by the calculation means, execution means for executing a process predetermined as preventing crime,
Crime prevention device equipped with. The said calculating means calculates the said crime risk value based on the ratio of the distance between the said indefinite person and the said defensive object, and the distance between the said defender and the indefinite person. Crime prevention device. For each of the divided areas obtained by dividing the monitoring target area into a plurality of areas, first distance information indicating the distance to the guarded object and second distance information indicating the distance to the other divided areas are stored in advance. A storage means,
The calculation means obtains a distance between the indeterminate person and the defended object by reading the corresponding first distance information from the storage means, and obtains the corresponding second distance information from the storage means. The crime prevention apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a distance between the defender and the indefinite person is acquired by reading. The calculation means uses a moving average value for a predetermined period as a distance between the indefinite person and the defended object and a distance between the defender and the indefinite person, respectively. The crime prevention apparatus according to claim 3. The crime prevention apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the calculation means weights the crime risk value such that the crime risk value increases as the indeterminate person approaches the defended item. A person existing in the monitoring target area based on the image information acquired by the imaging means for acquiring the image information of the monitoring target area by shooting the monitoring target area having the intrusion prohibited area where the defended items are installed. A detection process for detecting the position of
Among the people detected by the detection step, a specific step of identifying a person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area as an indeterminate person and a person who has not entered the intrusion prohibited area as a defender,
Based on the positions of the indeterminate person and the defender detected by the detection step, and the installation position of the defensive object, a crime risk value indicating the level of crime risk by the undetermined person for the defensive object is calculated. An arithmetic process to perform,
Using the crime risk value calculated by the calculation step, an execution step for executing a process predetermined as preventing crime,
A crime prevention method. Computer
A person existing in the monitoring target area based on the image information acquired by the imaging means for acquiring the image information of the monitoring target area by shooting the monitoring target area having the intrusion prohibited area where the defended items are installed. Detection means for detecting the position of
Among the people detected by the detection means, a specific means for specifying a person who has entered the intrusion prohibited area as an indefinite person, and a person who has not entered the intrusion prohibited area as a defender,
Based on the positions of the indeterminate person and the defender detected by the detection means and the installation position of the defensive object, a crime risk value indicating the crime risk level by the undetermined person for the defensive object is calculated. Computing means for
Using the crime risk value calculated by the calculation means, execution means for executing a process predetermined as preventing crime,
Program to function as.

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