JP2012055259A - Method for sterilizing seed and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To further enhance sterilization capability by heating seeds using steam for sterilization.SOLUTION: In an apparatus 10 for sterilizing seeds, seed rice 14 is heated by steam and sterilized as it is caused to flow down to a processing trough 24 and conveyed over a ventilation part 28 of the processing trough 24. Further, the seed rice 14 is supplied from the processing trough 24 to a discharge pipe 66 via a discharge hopper 62 and thus cooled and dried by air fed to the discharge pipe 66. Then the processing trough 24 is reciprocated and vibrated, whereby the seed rice 14 on the processing trough 24 can be effectively and uniformly dispersed in the form of a thin layer (particularly in the form of a single layer) and be rolled. Thus, the seed rice 14 can be uniformly heated and sterilized and sterilization capability can be further enhanced.

Description

  The present invention relates to a seed disinfection method and apparatus for disinfecting seeds.

  Measures (disinfection) against infectious diseases of rice seeds (seed pods) (rice blast, banana seedlings, seedling blight, bacterial blight, sesame leaf blight, brown streak etc.) A high control effect is required.

  In the seed sterilizer described in the following Patent Document 1, the seed potato stored in the irradiation tray is heated and sterilized by irradiation with steam. Thereby, the disinfection processing capability is made high.

  Here, in such a seed sterilizer, it is desirable that the disinfection capacity can be further increased.

JP 2009-213364 A

  In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a seed disinfection method and apparatus capable of further enhancing disinfection ability.

  The seed disinfection method according to claim 1 is disinfected by heating with steam while rolling the seed in a dispersed state.

  The seed disinfection method according to claim 2 is the seed disinfection method according to claim 1, wherein the seed is disinfected and then cooled.

  The seed disinfection device according to claim 3 is a rolling means for rolling the seeds in a dispersed state, and heating for disinfecting the seeds to be rolled with the rolling means dispersed by heating with steam. Means.

  A seed disinfecting apparatus according to a fourth aspect is the seed disinfecting apparatus according to the third aspect, further comprising a cooling means for cooling the seed disinfected by the heating means.

  The seed disinfection device according to claim 5 is the seed disinfection device according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the rolling means has a mounting member on which the seed is mounted. The member is rolled in a state where the seeds are dispersed by reciprocatingly vibrating the member in parallel with the seed rolling direction.

  The seed disinfecting apparatus according to claim 6 is the seed disinfecting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the rolling means conveys the seed to one side and lowers the placing member toward the one side. It is inclined in the direction toward the side.

  The seed disinfection device according to claim 7 is the seed disinfection device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein supply means for supplying the rolling means while controlling the amount of seeds is provided. I have.

  The seed disinfection device according to claim 8 is the seed disinfection device according to claim 7, wherein the rolling means conveys the seed to one side, and the supply means supplies the seed to the rolling means. A heating position where the heating means heats the seeds is arranged on the side of one side of the supply position to be supplied.

  In the seed disinfection method according to claim 1, the seeds are disinfected by heating with steam. For this reason, seeds can be sterilized well in a short time, and the disinfection ability can be increased.

  Here, since the seeds are sterilized by heating with steam while rolling in a dispersed state, the seeds can be uniformly sterilized by heating. For this reason, disinfection processing capability can be made still higher.

  In the seed disinfection method according to claim 2, the seed is disinfected and then cooled. For this reason, a seed can be dried in a short time and the fall of the germination rate of a seed can be suppressed.

  In the seed disinfection apparatus according to claim 3, the heating means disinfects the seed by heating it with steam. For this reason, seeds can be sterilized well in a short time, and the disinfection ability can be increased.

  Here, since the heating means heats and disinfects the seeds to be rolled while the rolling means is dispersed, the seeds can be uniformly heated and disinfected. For this reason, disinfection processing capability can be made still higher.

  In the seed disinfection device according to claim 4, the cooling means cools the seed disinfected by the heating means. For this reason, a seed can be dried in a short time and the fall of the germination rate of a seed can be suppressed.

  In the seed disinfection device according to claim 5, the seed is placed on the placement member of the rolling means, and the rolling means reciprocally vibrates the placement member in parallel with the seed rolling direction. Roll with seeds dispersed. For this reason, seeds can be effectively dispersed and rolled, and the seeds can be effectively disinfected by heating uniformly.

  In the seed disinfection apparatus according to claim 6, the rolling means conveys the seed to one side.

  Here, the mounting member is inclined in a direction toward the lower side as it goes toward one side. For this reason, the conveyance speed of a seed can be stabilized, the heating time of a seed can be stabilized, and a seed can be heated uniformly and disinfected effectively.

  In the seed disinfection device according to claim 7, the supply means supplies the rolling means while controlling the amount of seeds. For this reason, the amount of seeds supplied to the rolling means can be stabilized, and the seeds can be disinfected by heating uniformly and effectively.

  In the seed disinfection apparatus according to claim 8, the rolling means conveys the seed to one side.

  Here, a heating position where the heating means heats the seed is arranged on one side of the supply position where the supply means supplies the seed to the rolling means. For this reason, it can suppress that a seed is heated by the rolling means heated by the heating means, before reaching a heating position, and can control the heating temperature of a seed easily.

It is a side view which shows the seed sterilizer which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the experiment example regarding the germination rate of the soot seed in the soot seed disinfection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a table | surface which shows the result of the experiment example regarding the rice bran blast disease in the seed sterilization apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of a seed sterilizing apparatus 10 according to an embodiment to which the seed sterilizing method and apparatus of the present invention are applied. In the drawing, the front of the seed sterilizer 10 is indicated by an arrow FR, and the upper portion of the seed sterilizer 10 is indicated by an arrow UP.

  The seed sterilizer 10 according to the present embodiment is provided with a funnel-shaped charging hopper 12 (raw material hopper) as charging means, and the charging hopper 12 is seeded as seeds from the upper side (large diameter side). 14 (paddy rice seeds) is introduced.

  A supply vibration feeder 16 (vibration feeder for fixed quantity supply) as a supply means is provided below the charging hopper 12.

  The supply vibration feeder 16 is provided with a long plate-shaped supply trough 18 serving as a supply member, and the supply trough 18 is arranged with the longitudinal direction facing the front-rear direction. The cross section along the width direction of the supply trough 18 is U-shaped, and the bottom wall 18A of the supply trough 18 has a flat plate shape. The bottom wall 18 </ b> A of the supply trough 18 is disposed in the vicinity of the lower side of the charging hopper 12, and the soot seeds 14 introduced into the charging hopper 12 are fed from the lower end (small diameter portion) of the charging hopper 12 to the bottom wall of the supply trough 18. It flows down on 18A.

  A supply vibration device 20 is connected to the lower side of the supply trough 18, and the supply vibration device 20 reciprocally vibrates the supply trough 18 in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction side). For this reason, the seed soot 14 that has flowed down on the bottom wall 18A of the supply trough 18 is uniformly distributed in a thin layer (particularly a single layer) on the bottom wall 18A of the supply trough 18, is rolled, and It is gradually conveyed to the front side. Thereby, the seed soot 14 flows down from the front end of the supply trough 18 (bottom wall 18A).

  The supply trough 18 is slightly tilted in a downward direction as it goes forward. Thereby, not only the conveying force to the front side by the reciprocating vibration of the supply trough 18 but also the moving force to the front side by gravity acts on the seed trough 14 on the bottom wall 18 </ b> A of the supply trough 18, and the seed trough 14 from the front end of the supply trough 18. The amount of flow (flow amount per unit time) is controlled to be constant.

  A processing vibration feeder 22 (processing time adjusting vibration feeder) as a rolling means is provided below the supply vibration feeder 16.

  The processing vibration feeder 22 is provided with a long plate-shaped processing trough 24 as a mounting member, and the processing trough 24 is arranged with the longitudinal direction facing the front-rear direction. The processing trough 24 has a U-shaped cross section along the width direction, and the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24 has a flat plate shape. The processing trough 24 is disposed on the lower side of the supply trough 18 and protrudes to the front side with respect to the supply trough 18. All the seeds 14 from the front end of the supply trough 18 (bottom wall 18 </ b> A) are all in the processing trough 24. It flows down (supplied) onto the bottom wall 24A.

  A processing vibration device 26 is connected to the lower side of the processing trough 24. The processing vibration device 26 reciprocally vibrates the processing trough 24 in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction side). For this reason, the seed potato 14 that has flowed down on the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24 is uniformly dispersed in a thin layer (particularly a single layer) on the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24, is rolled, and It is gradually conveyed to the front side. As a result, the seed potato 14 flows down from the front end of the processing trough 24.

  The processing trough 24 is slightly tilted in the downward direction as it goes forward. As a result, not only the conveying force to the front side due to the reciprocating vibration of the processing trough 24 but also the moving force to the front side due to gravity acts on the seed trough 14 on the bottom wall 24 </ b> A of the processing trough 24. The speed at which the sheet 24A is conveyed to the front side is controlled to be constant.

  At the front end portion of the bottom wall 24 </ b> A of the processing trough 24, a ventilation portion 28 (a porous portion such as a perforated plate or a mesh portion) is provided as a processing portion in the vicinity of the front side of the front end of the supply trough 18. The seed soup 14 from the front end of the (bottom wall 18A) flows down onto the bottom wall 24A in the vicinity of the rear side of the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24. A large number of ventilation holes 28A are formed in the ventilation portion 28 so as to be maximally spaced from each other. The ventilation holes 28A are made smaller than the seed soot 14, and the seed soup 14 on the ventilation portion 28 is provided in the ventilation hole 28A. It is impossible to fall through.

  A heating device 30 as a heating unit is installed in the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24.

  The heating device 30 is provided with a rectangular cylinder-shaped heating cylinder 32, and the ventilation section 28 of the processing trough 24 is accommodated in the heating cylinder 32. The heating cylinder 32 allows reciprocal vibration of the processing trough 24, and the front end of the processing trough 24 slightly protrudes forward from the heating cylinder 32.

  The heating device 30 is provided with a steam supply device 34 as a steam supply means, and the steam supply device 34 is connected to the lower side of the heating cylinder 32.

  The steam supply device 34 is provided with a funnel-shaped air supply hopper 36, and the upper end (large diameter portion) of the air supply hopper 36 is hermetically connected to the lower end of the heating cylinder 32. One end of an air supply pipe 38 is connected to the lower end (small diameter part) of the air supply hopper 36, and a secondary part as a steam superheating means is connected to an intermediate part of the air supply pipe 38 from one end side to the other end side. A heater 40 and a primary heater 42 as air overheating means are provided in this order.

  One end of a steam pipe 44 is connected to the air supply pipe 38 between the secondary heater 40 and the primary heater 42, and a boiler 46 as steam generating means is connected to the other end of the steam pipe 44. ing. The boiler 46 generates water vapor (for example, saturated water vapor having a dry bulb temperature and a wet bulb temperature of 100 ° C. and a humidity of 100%) and supplies the water vapor to the air supply pipe 38 via the vapor pipe 44.

  A first blower 48 as a blowing means is connected to the other end of the air supply pipe 38, and the first blower 48 blows normal temperature air to the air supply pipe 38.

  The air blown from the first blower 48 to the air supply pipe 38 is superheated to a predetermined air temperature (for example, 200 ° C.) by the primary heater 42. Further, the air blown from the primary heater 42 to the air supply pipe 38 is mixed with steam supplied from the boiler 46 via the steam pipe 44 to the air supply pipe 38 while controlling the ratio to be steamed. Thereafter, the steam blown to the air supply pipe 38 is superheated by the secondary heater 40, and the predetermined steam temperature (for example, the dry bulb temperature is 100 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower (preferably 120 or higher and 250 ° C. or lower)) and the wet bulb temperature is increased. 80 ° C. to 90 ° C. and humidity is about 50%) and a predetermined dew point temperature (for example, wet bulb temperature is 60 ° C. to 95 ° C.).

  Therefore, steam having a predetermined steam temperature and a predetermined dew point temperature from the secondary heater 40 is blown from the lower side into the heating cylinder 32 through the air supply pipe 38 via the air supply hopper 36, and the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24. The air is blown to the upper side of the ventilation portion 28 through a large number of ventilation holes 28A. As a result, the upper side of the ventilation section 28 in the heating cylinder 32 is made into a steam atmosphere, and the steam is transferred to the seed cake 14 on the ventilation section 28 for a predetermined heating time (the time during which the seed cake 14 is conveyed forward on the ventilation section 28). For example, a short time of 2 seconds to 8 seconds (particularly 3 seconds or less).

  When steam having a predetermined vapor temperature and a predetermined dew point temperature is exposed to the seed potato 14 at room temperature, condensation (condensation) occurs on the surface of the seed potato 14, and the surface temperature of the seed potato 14 quickly rises to the predetermined dew point temperature due to wet heat, The surface temperature of the seed pod 14 is maintained at a predetermined dew point temperature until moisture condensed on the surface of the seed pod 14 evaporates. In addition, if the vapor | steam is continuously exposed to the seed soot 14 and the water | moisture content condensed on the surface of the seed soot 14 evaporates, the surface temperature of the seed soot 14 will exceed predetermined dew point temperature and will finally reach predetermined steam temperature.

  As a result, the seed potato 14 on the vent 28 is exposed to steam having a predetermined steam temperature and a predetermined dew point temperature for a predetermined heating time (a time until moisture condensed on the surface of the seed moth 14 evaporates). It is efficiently heated and sterilized by moist heat at a predetermined dew point temperature not too high (bacteria that adhere to the surface of the seed pod 14 or lurk between the rice husk of the seed potato 14 and the seed coat (surface peel of the brown rice) are sterilized. ) Further, by controlling the steam to a predetermined steam temperature, the amount of moisture condensed on the surface of the seed potato 14 is controlled, and the influence on the properties of the surface of the seed potato 14 is suppressed. Furthermore, the time during which the steam is exposed to the seed pod 14 is set to a predetermined heating time (short time), so that the temperature rises in the seed pod 14 (brown rice) before the moisture content changes (inside the seed pod 14 Before being damaged), the heating of the seed pod 14 is completed.

  The heating device 30 is provided with a steam discharging device 50 as a steam discharging means, and the steam discharging device 50 is connected to the upper side of the heating cylinder 32.

  The steam discharge device 50 is provided with a funnel-shaped exhaust hopper 52, and the lower end (large diameter portion) of the exhaust hopper 52 is connected to the upper end of the heating cylinder 32. The space between the lower end of the exhaust hopper 52 and the upper end of the heating cylinder 32 may be sealed or not sealed.

  An exhaust ejector 54 constituting exhaust means is connected to the upper end (small diameter portion) of the exhaust hopper 52, and the exhaust ejector 54 is provided at an intermediate portion of the exhaust pipe 56. A second blower 58 that constitutes an exhaust means is connected to one end of the exhaust pipe 56, and the second blower 58 blows air to the exhaust pipe 56. For this reason, the steam in the heating cylinder 32 is sucked into the exhaust pipe 56 from the exhaust hopper 52 by the exhaust ejector 54 and is exhausted from the other end of the exhaust pipe 56 together with the air blown through the exhaust pipe 56.

  On the front side of the processing trough 24, a cooling device 60 is installed as a cooling means and a discharging means.

  The cooling device 60 is provided with a funnel-shaped discharge hopper 62. The front end of the processing trough 24 is disposed above the upper end (large diameter portion) of the discharge hopper 62, and all seeds 14 from the front end of the processing trough 24 flow down to the discharge hopper 62.

  A discharge ejector 64 is connected to the lower end (small diameter portion) of the discharge hopper 62, and the discharge ejector 64 is provided at an intermediate portion of the discharge pipe 66. A third blower 68 is connected to one end of the discharge pipe 66, and the third blower 68 blows normal temperature air to the discharge pipe 66. For this reason, the seed soot 14 that has flowed down to the discharge hopper 62 is sucked from the discharge hopper 62 to the discharge pipe 66 by the discharge ejector 64, and is conveyed (transferred) by the air blown through the discharge pipe 66. The other end of 66 is discharged.

  Further, moisture condensed on the surface of the seed potato 14 flowing down from the front end of the treatment trough 24 evaporates when the surface temperature of the seed potato 14 is higher than the normal temperature. Furthermore, the seed soot 14 conveyed through the discharge pipe 66 is cooled by the air blown through the discharge pipe 66. As a result, the seed meal 14 is dried to moisture suitable for storage.

  The other end of the discharge pipe 66 is connected to a recovery box 70 as a recovery means, and the soot seed 14 discharged from the other end of the discharge pipe 66 is recovered (accommodated) in the recovery box 70. In addition, if the seed potato 14 in the collection box 70 is not sufficiently dried, the seed potato 14 is passed through the collection box 70 for a short time by using a fan or the like (not shown) as a cooling means. May be cooled and dried.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.

  In the seed sterilizer 10 having the above-described configuration, the seed potato 14 flows down from the lower end of the charging hopper 12 onto the bottom wall 18 </ b> A of the supply trough 18 of the supply vibration feeder 16 by charging the charging hopper 12 from above. The

  In the supply vibration feeder 16, the supply vibration device 20 reciprocally vibrates the supply trough 18 in the longitudinal direction, so that the seeds 14 that flow down on the bottom wall 18 </ b> A of the supply trough 18 are uniformly formed into a thin layer (particularly a single layer). While being dispersed, it is rolled and gradually conveyed to the front side. Thus, the seed soot 14 flows down from the front end of the supply trough 18, so that the seed soot 14 flows down onto the bottom wall 24 </ b> A of the processing trough 24 of the processing vibration feeder 22.

  In the processing vibration feeder 22, the processing vibration device 26 reciprocally vibrates the processing trough 24 in the longitudinal direction, so that the seeds 14 that flow down on the bottom wall 24 </ b> A of the processing trough 24 are uniformly formed in a thin layer (particularly a single layer). While being dispersed, it is rolled and gradually conveyed to the front side. Thereby, the seed soot 14 flows down from the front end of the processing trough 24, so that the seed soot 14 flows down to the discharge hopper 62 of the cooling device 60.

  Further, in the steam supply device 34 of the heating device 30, the first blower 48 blows air at normal temperature to the air supply pipe 38, and the air blown from the first blower 48 to the air supply pipe 38 is supplied to the predetermined air by the primary heater 42. Overheated to temperature. Further, the boiler 46 generates water vapor and supplies it to the air supply pipe 38 via the steam pipe 44. For this reason, the air heated to a predetermined air temperature is mixed with water vapor to form steam. Thereafter, the steam blown to the air supply pipe 38 is superheated by the secondary heater 40 to be a steam having a predetermined steam temperature and a predetermined dew point temperature. As a result, steam having a predetermined steam temperature and a predetermined dew point temperature is blown from the lower side into the heating cylinder 32 through the air supply pipe 38 via the air supply hopper 36, and a large number of vent holes 28 </ b> A in the vent portion 28 of the processing trough 24. To the upper side of the ventilation portion 28.

  Therefore, as described above, the steam having the predetermined steam temperature and the predetermined dew point temperature is exposed to the seed vat 14 that is gradually conveyed forward on the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24 for a predetermined heating time. For this reason, dew condensation occurs on the surface of the seed potato 14 and the surface temperature of the seed potato 14 quickly rises to a predetermined dew point temperature due to wet heat, and the surface temperature of the seed potato 14 is maintained at the predetermined dew point temperature. It is disinfected by heating at a dew point temperature for a predetermined heating time.

  In the steam discharge device 50 of the heating device 30, the second blower 58 blows air to the exhaust pipe 56, so that the steam in the heating cylinder 32 is sucked from the exhaust hopper 52 to the exhaust pipe 56 by the exhaust ejector 54. Then, the exhaust pipe 56 is exhausted from the other end of the exhaust pipe 56 together with the air blown.

  In the cooling device 60, the third blower 68 blows normal temperature air to the discharge pipe 66, so that the soot 14 flowing down to the discharge hopper 62 as described above is sucked from the discharge hopper 62 to the discharge pipe 66 by the discharge ejector 64. Then, it is conveyed by the air blown through the discharge pipe 66. For this reason, the seed vat 14 is discharged from the other end of the discharge pipe 66 and is recovered in the recovery box 70.

  Further, moisture condensed on the surface of the seed potato 14 flowing down from the front end of the treatment trough 24 evaporates when the surface temperature of the seed potato 14 is higher than the normal temperature. Further, the seed soup 14 conveyed through the discharge pipe 66 is cooled by the air blown to the discharge pipe 66. As a result, the seed meal 14 is dried to moisture suitable for storage.

  By the way, as described above, the heating device 30 heats and disinfects the soot seed 14 on the ventilation portion 28 of the treatment trough 24 with steam. For this reason, it is possible to disinfect the seed potatoes 14 in a short time, and the disinfection processing ability can be increased.

  Further, the disinfected seed pod 14 is cooled by the air blown to the discharge pipe 66 of the cooling device 60. For this reason, the seed meal 14 can be dried in a short time, and the fall of the germination rate of the seed meal 14 can be suppressed.

  Here, in the processing vibration feeder 22, the processing vibration device 26 reciprocally vibrates the processing trough 24 in the longitudinal direction, so that the seeds 14 on the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24 are effectively thin-layered (particularly, single-layered). Can be dispersed uniformly and can be rolled. For this reason, the seed potatoes 14 can be heated and disinfected uniformly, and the disinfection processing ability can be further enhanced.

  In addition, the supply vibration device 20 causes the supply trough 18 to reciprocally vibrate in the longitudinal direction in the supply vibration feeder 16, so that the seeds 14 on the bottom wall 18 </ b> A of the supply trough 18 are uniformly dispersed in a thin layer shape (particularly a single layer shape). However, it is gradually conveyed to the front side and flows down from the front end of the supply trough 18 onto the bottom wall 24 </ b> A of the processing trough 24. Moreover, since the supply trough 18 is slightly inclined downward as it goes forward, not only the conveying force to the front side due to the reciprocating vibration of the supply trough 18 on the seed trough 14 on the bottom wall 18A of the supply trough 18 The forward moving force due to gravity is also applied.

  For this reason, it is possible to suppress variations in the conveyance speed to the front side of each seed potato 14 caused by variations in size and weight of each seed potato 14. As a result, the amount of seed soot 14 flowing from the front end of the supply trough 18 to the bottom wall 24 </ b> A of the processing trough 24 can be controlled to be constant, so that the seed soot 14 can be formed on the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24. It can be disinfected by heating more effectively and uniformly.

  Further, the processing vibration device 26 causes the processing trough 24 to reciprocally vibrate in the longitudinal direction in the processing vibration feeder 22, so that the seeds 14 on the bottom wall 24 </ b> A of the processing trough 24 are gradually conveyed to the front side. Moreover, since the processing trough 24 is slightly inclined in the downward direction as it goes forward, not only the conveying force to the front side due to the reciprocating vibration of the processing trough 24 on the seed trough 14 on the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24. The forward moving force due to gravity is also applied.

  For this reason, it is possible to suppress the variation in the transport speed to the front side of each seed potato 14 caused by the variation in the size and weight of each seed cocoon 14, and to the surface of the seed potato 14 exposed to the steam on the ventilation portion 28 of the treatment trough 24. It can suppress that the water | moisture content etc. which dew condensed have the influence on the conveyance speed to the front side of the seed potatoes 14. FIG. Thereby, the speed at which the seed soot 14 is transported forward on the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24 can be controlled to be constant, and the time during which the seed soot 14 is transported forward on the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24 (predetermined heating time) ) Can be controlled to be constant, and the seed potato 14 can be more effectively and uniformly heated and disinfected on the ventilation portion 28 of the treatment trough 24.

  Further, the seed soot 14 from the front end of the supply trough 18 flows down onto the bottom wall 24 </ b> A in the vicinity of the rear side of the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24. Therefore, even if the treatment trough 24 is heated by steam in the ventilation portion 28 and heat is transferred to the bottom wall 24A on the rear side of the ventilation portion 28, the heat is transferred to the bottom wall 24A on the rear side of the ventilation portion 28. It is possible to suppress the seed pod 14 from being heated by heat. Thereby, it can suppress that the seed soot 14 is heated other than predetermined heating time, and can control the heating temperature of the seed soot 14 easily.

  In the present embodiment, the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24 is disposed in front of the front end of the supply trough 18, and the seed 14 from the front end of the supply trough 18 is the bottom wall on the rear side of the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24. It flows down on 24A. However, the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24 may be disposed below the front end of the supply trough 18, so that the seeds 14 from the front end of the supply trough 18 may flow down onto the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24. As a result, the seed potato 14 from the front end of the supply trough 18 is caused to flow down in the steam blown to the upper side of the ventilation portion 28, so that the seed potato 14 can be more uniformly heated and sterilized.

  Further, in the present embodiment, on the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24, in the vicinity of the rear side of the flow point of the seed soot 14 from the front end of the supply trough 18 (particularly in the vicinity of the rear side of the ventilation portion 28), A blocking wall may be erected. Thus, the seed wall 14 flowing down onto the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24 can be prevented from being moved backward by the reaction wall by the blocking wall, and the conveying direction of the seed surface 14 on the bottom wall 24A of the processing trough 24 is changed to the front side. It can be limited to.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a predetermined number of steps that descend toward the front side may be provided on the upper surface of the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24. Thereby, the conveyance direction of the soot 14 on the ventilation | gas_flowing part 28 can be limited to the front side, and the time (predetermined heating time) by which the soot 14 is conveyed on the ventilation | gas_flowing part 28 to the front side can be stabilized further.

  In the present embodiment, the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24 is accommodated in the heating cylinder 32. However, the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24 may be exposed without providing the heating cylinder 32. In this case, it is preferable that the air supply hopper 36 and the exhaust hopper 52 are brought close to the ventilation portion 28 of the processing trough 24.

(Experimental example)
FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show tables of results of experimental examples of the present embodiment, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the germination rate of seed pods 14 after treatment by seed sterilizer 10 (seed seeds 14 subjected to seeding treatment and germination treatment are placed in a petri dish with filter paper and normal after raising seedlings for 3 days in an artificial weather device. The ratio of the number of germinated grains) can be as high as 90% or more, except when the predetermined heating time is 5 seconds and the predetermined dew point temperature (wet bulb temperature) is 90 ° C.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the conidial spore formation rate on the surface of the seed potato 14 after the treatment with the seed sterilizer 10 is 30.7% in the case of the seed potato 14 not treated with the seed sterilizer 10. , Can be significantly reduced (can be 0%).

10 Seed disinfection device (seed disinfection method and device)
14 Seeds
16 Supply vibration feeder (supply means)
22 Processing vibration feeder (rolling means)
24 processing trough (mounting member)
30 Heating device (heating means)
60 Cooling device (cooling means)

Claims (8)

  A seed disinfection method in which seeds are rolled in a dispersed state and heated by steam while being disinfected.   The seed disinfection method according to claim 1, wherein the seed is disinfected and then cooled. Rolling means for rolling the seeds in a dispersed state;
Heating means for heating and disinfecting seeds to be rolled with steam in a state where the rolling means is dispersed;
Seed disinfection device equipped with.   4. The seed disinfection device according to claim 3, further comprising a cooling means for cooling the disinfected seed by the heating means.   The rolling means has a placement member on which seeds are placed, and rolls the placement member in a dispersed state by reciprocally vibrating the placement member in parallel with the seed rolling direction. The seed disinfection device according to claim 4.   The seed disinfection device according to claim 5, wherein the rolling means conveys the seed to one side, and the mounting member is inclined downward toward the one side.   The seed disinfection device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, further comprising supply means for supplying the rolling means while controlling the amount of seeds.   The heating means conveys the seed to one side, and the heating means arranges a heating position where the heating means heats the seed on the side of the supply position where the supply means supplies the seed to the rolling means. The seed disinfection device according to claim 7.

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