JP2012043184A - Machining scheduling system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machining scheduling system enabling a machining schedule of a workpiece by machining equipment to be efficiently performed.SOLUTION: For each workpiece to be machined, a setup information database 2 storing a base time of external setup work, which is a production preparation work during the operation of machining equipment, and a base time of internal setup work, which is a production preparation work during the stop of the machining equipment, is created in advance by setup information creation means 1. Based on a separately created production planning 5, a scheduler 3 schedules, for each workpiece to be machined, a base time of external setup work, a base time of internal setup work, and a time of machining by the machining equipment by referring to the setup information database 2, and displays them as a schedule screen 4.

Description

  The present invention relates to a machining scheduling system for giving a production instruction in consideration of a setup change time in a machining facility.

  MC (machining center) machines in recent years have become more sophisticated and functional, and high-speed machining and automatic setup have become standard, and it has become possible to expect improved productivity by extending unmanned operation time.

JP-A-8-174389 (pages 4-16, FIG. 1)

As described above, although the processing itself by the processing machine has been improved, the worker is still required to cope well with production preparation such as setup change.
For example, a tool change by a person is required at the time of setup change. When an operator is in charge of a plurality of facilities, duplication of timing for changing the processing machine occurs, and the facilities are in a standby state, resulting in a production loss.
In addition, it is difficult to store the tools of all parts in the equipment, and time is required for wasteful tool replacement work.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228561 describes a work order that automatically determines a work order that reduces the number of tool changes.
However, Patent Document 1 is limited to scheduling within the number of tools that can be mounted on the tool changer, and there is no description about scheduling of tools that cannot be mounted on the tool changer.
In this way, the production preparation work in general-purpose machining is “the production schedule depends on the operator's intuition and experience, and the production preparation time changes greatly.” There is a problem of hindering the improvement of the delivery rate compliance rate.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a machining scheduling system capable of efficiently performing a machining schedule of a workpiece by a machining facility.

  In the machining scheduling system according to the present invention, in the machining scheduling system that performs scheduling for machining a workpiece using the machining equipment, an external setup work that is a production preparation work while the machining equipment is in operation for the workpiece to be machined. Setup information database that stores the standard time of the machine and the standard time of the internal setup work that is the production preparation work when the machining equipment is stopped, and calculates the standard time of the external setup work and the internal setup work for the workpiece to be newly machined Refer to the setup information creation means for updating the setup information database, the production plan separately created to include the workpiece to be machined, the number of workpieces to be machined and the machining time for each workpiece, and the setup information database. For each workpiece to be machined, Based on the processing time by the reference time and the machining equipment setup operation, performs scheduling of processing by mechanical processing equipment, those having a scheduler to be displayed as the schedule screen.

  As described above, in the machining scheduling system for performing scheduling for machining a workpiece using the machining equipment, the present invention is an external setup work that is a production preparation work for the machining equipment to be machined. Setup information database that stores the standard time of the machine and the standard time of the internal setup work that is the production preparation work when the machining equipment is stopped, and calculates the standard time of the external setup work and the internal setup work for the workpiece to be newly machined Refer to the setup information creation means for updating the setup information database, the production plan separately created to include the workpiece to be machined, the number of workpieces to be machined and the machining time for each workpiece, and the setup information database. For each workpiece to be machined, the reference time for the external setup work and the reference time for the internal setup work Equipped with a scheduler that schedules machining by machining equipment based on machining time by machining equipment and displays it as a schedule screen, so production preparation work can be divided into external setup and internal setup, which is efficient It can be a work plan.

It is a block diagram which shows the process scheduling system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the data structure of the setup information database of the process scheduling system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the process instruction order information of a production plan input into the process scheduling system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the scheduler of the process scheduling system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the output screen of the scheduler of the process scheduling system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the function added to the scheduler of the process scheduling system by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the idle time block management of the scheduler of the process scheduling system by Embodiment 6 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a machining scheduling system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, when a production plan 5 consisting of a processing instruction order (an order for instructing processing of one to a plurality of workpieces) is input, the setup information creating means 1 An external setup time and an internal setup time, which are reference times for internal setup, are input, and the setup information database 2 stored in the storage device is updated.
In the present invention, the setup change work (including the work of attaching a workpiece to the pallet of the machining equipment) which is a preparation work for machining by the machining equipment is divided into an outer setup and an inner setup. Here, the inner setup is a production preparation work in a state where the machining equipment is stopped, and the outer setup is a production preparation work in which the machining equipment is in operation.

The scheduler 3 refers to the setup information database 2 based on the production plan 5, assigns each processing instruction order to the machining equipment, and schedules the external setup time, the internal setup time, and the machining time on the machining equipment, The created schedule is displayed on the display device as a schedule screen 4. Each machining instruction order includes a workpiece and the number of workpieces.
Here, the production plan 5 includes the workpieces to be produced for each machining instruction order and the number thereof, and further includes the machining time and the start date of each workpiece.
The setup information creating means 1 and the scheduler 3 may be formed by different computers or by the same computer.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a data structure of the setup information database of the machining scheduling system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, in the setup information database 2, reference times for the outer setup and the inner setup are set for each work.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing processing instruction order information of the production plan input to the processing scheduling system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In FIG. 3, the workpiece, the machining time, the start date, and the production quantity are included for each machining instruction order.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing processing of the scheduler of the machining scheduling system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an output screen of the scheduler of the machining scheduling system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In FIG. 5, the vertical axis represents the processing instruction order and the horizontal axis represents time, and the processing of the outer setup, the inner setup, and the processing is displayed for each processing instruction order.

Next, the operation will be described.
In the machining scheduling system of the first embodiment, the setup information database 2 is created in advance by the setup information creating means 1 with reference to the machining instruction order information of the production plan 5. For workpieces produced in the past, the setup information database 2 already stores the reference time for external setup and internal setup. Therefore, the setup information creation means 1 only uses the setup information creation means 1 for the newly produced workpiece. And the setup information database 2 is updated.
Here, each reference time of the outer setup and the inner setup is calculated and registered by a predetermined calculation formula by inputting a parameter for calculating the reference time.

Next, the reference time setting method will be described more specifically.
First, the reference time for external setup will be described.

The reference time for the first external setup of the workpiece in the machining instruction order will be described.
When the workpiece is the first product (the first order received) and (drawing preparation time + reading time * number of drawings <maximum reading time), the reference time for external setup is calculated according to equation (1).
Setup time = Drawing preparation time + Reading time * Number of drawings + Number of special tools * Special tool preparation time + Number of base plates * Base plate preparation time + Setup reference preparation time (1)
Here, the floorboard is an auxiliary tool for setting a workpiece in a machining facility.

When the workpiece is the first product and (drawing preparation time + reading time * number of drawings ≧ maximum reading time), the external setup reference time is calculated by the equation (2).
Setup time = maximum reading time + number of special tools * special tool preparation time + number of base plates * base plate preparation time + external setup reference preparation time (2)

Next, when the workpiece is a repeat product (one that has been produced in the past), the reference time for the external setup is calculated by Equation (3).
Setup time = number of special tools * special tool preparation time + number of base plates * base plate preparation time + external setup reference preparation time (3)

  Next, the reference time for external setup of the second and subsequent workpieces in the processing instruction order is set to a workpiece attachment preparation time (a constant value) because only the attachment work is performed regardless of the initial product / repeat product.

Next, the internal setup reference time will be described.
The reference time for the inner setup is calculated by equation (4) regardless of the initial product or the repeat product.
Setup time = (Standard tool number * Standard tool setting time) + (Special tool number * Special tool setting time) + (Jig number * Jig setting time) + (Vise number * Vise setting time) + (Origin number * Origin Unloading time) + Workpiece installation time (4)

The reference time of the outer setup and the inner setup calculated by these formulas is input, and the setup information database 2 is updated.
The production of workpieces means that the external setup is performed while the equipment for the previous workpiece is in operation (during processing), then the internal setup is performed when the equipment is stopped, and then the actual machining is performed by the equipment. Implemented by order.
The scheduler 3 refers to the setup information database 2 and schedules the external setup, the internal setup, and the actual processing of the machining facility as targets, and displays them on the display device as shown in FIG.

Next, the process of the scheduler 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
In step S1 in FIG. 4, the workpieces in the machining instruction order are classified based on the machining time. For example, if the machining time is “large” when the machining time is 2 hours or more, “medium” when the machining time is 1 hour or more and less than 2 hours, and “small” when the machining time is less than 1 hour, C is “Large”, Work B is “Medium”, Work A and Work D are “Small”.
Next, in step S2, the work having a long machining time (for example, the machining time is “large”) is assigned to the machining equipment so that the work is preceded by the start date of the work having the same machining time “large”. . In the example of FIG. 3, the workpiece C whose processing time is “large” is assigned first.
Next, in step S3, workpieces that do not have a long machining time are assigned to machining equipment so as to be in the order of the start date. In the example of FIG. 3, workpieces with machining times “medium” and “small” are assigned in the order of workpiece D, workpiece A, and workpiece B, which are the start date.

In this way, the scheduled result is displayed as a schedule screen 4 as shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, the outer setup reference time and the inner setup reference time of FIG. 2 are used.
In FIG. 5, the work C is a work after 17:00. This is because a rule that a workpiece having a machining time exceeding 1 hour is machined after 17:00 is provided, but this rule is not particularly required.
The scheduler 3 schedules the processing instruction order group by day in a weekly cycle.
Further, the scheduler 3 can also be used for fine adjustment for the purpose of responding to production progress, express products, etc. in the daily cycle.
In addition to the graph output of FIG. 5, the scheduler 3 may output a list of work start dates and work completion dates after scheduling for each processing instruction order.

According to the first embodiment, fine preparation display can be performed by displaying the production preparation work separately for the external setup and the internal setup.
In addition, by separating the external setup that allows you to work without stopping the machining equipment and the internal setup that works with the equipment stopped, the external setup can be performed while the equipment is in operation, creating an efficient work plan. be able to.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the second embodiment, a function for maximizing the nighttime automatic operation time is added to the scheduler 3 by clarifying the distinction between the day work and the night work.
This function calculates the threshold values for day work (including worker work) and night work (automatic machining main) from the machining time of the machining instruction order group and the internal / external setup reference time for a certain period of time. Scheduling can be performed by dividing into day processing and night processing.
The calculation method of the threshold is the average value + 1σ (standard deviation) of the external setup reference time of the first workpiece in the machining instruction order within all the machining instruction orders to be calculated.

  According to the second embodiment, the night automatic operation time can be extended by clarifying the distinction between the day work and the night work.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the third embodiment, the scheduler 3 is added with a function of classifying a processing instruction order group for a predetermined period into in-house work and outsourcing work.
In this function, in-house equipment and outsourced equipment are registered as workable equipment, scheduled for a group of processing instruction orders for a certain period, and divided into in-house work and outsourced work.
In addition, if the in-house work and the outsourcing work are insufficient, we will adjust the delivery date and adjust the outsourcing capacity expansion.

  According to the third embodiment, it is possible to selectively use in-house work and outsourcing work using in-house equipment, and it is possible to have an efficient production system for the processing instruction order group.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
In the fourth embodiment, the scheduler 3 is provided with a function for optimizing the tool change timing so as to save labor for the internal setup work and shorten the equipment stop time.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing processing of functions added to the scheduler of the machining scheduling system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Next, processing performed by functions added to the scheduler according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The method for determining the tool change timing of the fourth embodiment is as shown in FIG.
In step S11 in FIG. 6, a tool necessary for each machining instruction order is extracted, and the cumulative number of tools used for the entire machining instruction order group is calculated. Next, in step S12, since there is an upper limit to the tools that can be set in the tool changer of the machining equipment, the initial setting tools in the tool changer are arranged in ascending order of the cumulative number of tools used, and the tools are stored in order. Set in the changer and make this the initial state.
Next, in step S13, the number of required tool replacements for each processing instruction order is calculated for the initial state in the tool changer, and the processing instruction orders are rearranged in ascending order of the number of required tool replacements.
Next, in step S14, fine adjustment is performed so that the order of insertion of the processing instruction orders using the same tool other than the tool set in the tool changer in the initial state is moved back and forth.

  According to the fourth embodiment, the production preparation work can be scheduled in consideration of tool replacement by the function added to the scheduler.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
The fifth embodiment is for a case where a single operator operates a plurality of machining facilities.
In the fifth embodiment, the scheduler 3 is added with a function for minimizing the inter-facility interference of the setup work by the worker.
This function assigns internal / external setup reference time and machining time to multiple facilities when a single operator operates multiple machining facilities, and suppresses work timing interference when multiple workers have multiple machines. And schedule to reduce equipment downtime.

  According to the fifth embodiment, even when a single operator operates a plurality of machining equipment, interference of work timing can be suppressed and equipment stop time can be shortened.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
In the sixth embodiment, a concept of free time block management is applied to the scheduler 3 and a function for reducing the scheduling time is added.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining idle time block management of the scheduler of the machining scheduling system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 7, the worker idle time block 11 is formed, for example, from 9:00 to 17:00, and is filled like the allocation area 111 every time setup work is performed.
The idle time block 12 of the machining facility is formed, for example, from 9:00 to 9:00 on the next day, and is filled like the allocation area 121 every time setup work or processing is entered.

In the sixth embodiment, with the aim of improving the scheduling efficiency of the scheduler 3, a table to which the concept of the free time block is applied is created. Here, the free time block method reserves available time (free time block) for resources such as equipment, people, and jigs to be scheduled on the database table, and can be used whenever resources are consumed. It is a method that reduces time.
By this method, the number of inquiries to the processing scheduling system can be minimized and scheduling can be completed in a short time.

  According to the sixth embodiment, by employing the idle time block method, the number of inquiries to the processing scheduling system can be minimized, and scheduling can be completed in a short time.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Setup information preparation means 2 Setup information database 3 Scheduler 4 Schedule screen 5 Production plan 11 Worker's idle time block 12 Machine processing equipment idle time block

Claims (6)

In a machining scheduling system that performs scheduling for machining a workpiece using machining equipment,
For the workpiece to be machined, the reference time of the external setup work, which is the production preparation work while the machining equipment is in operation, and the reference time of the internal setup work, which is the production preparation work when the machining equipment is stopped, are stored. Setup information database,
For a workpiece to be newly machined, a setup information creation means for calculating a reference time for the outer setup work and the inner setup work and updating the setup information database,
In addition, with reference to the production plan separately prepared to include the workpiece to be machined, the number of workpieces to be machined and the machining time for each workpiece, and the setup information database, the above-described external setup is performed for each workpiece to be machined. A process comprising a scheduler that schedules processing by the machining equipment based on the reference time of the work, the reference time of the internal setup work, and the processing time by the machining equipment, and displays it as a schedule screen. Scheduling system.   The scheduler has a function of scheduling the work so that a night automatic operation time becomes longer in consideration of a reference time of the work setup work outside the work and a machining time by the machining facility. Item 1. The process scheduling system according to Item 1.   2. The machining scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the scheduler has a function of dividing the work into in-house machining using the machining facility and outsourcing machining by the scheduling.   The machining scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the scheduler has a function of performing scheduling in consideration of tool change of the machining equipment.   2. The machining scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the scheduler has a function of scheduling so as to reduce interference between facilities when a single operator operates a plurality of machining facilities.   6. The machining scheduling system according to claim 1, wherein the scheduler performs idle time block management for an operator and the machining facility.

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