JP2012039890A - Method for producing olive extracted oil obtained from olive fruit and olive leaf, olive extracted oil produced by the method, and method for reducing grassy smell derived from olive leaf in olive extracted oil obtained from olive fruit and olive leaf - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing olive extracted oil obtained from olive fruits and olive leaves, olive extracted oil produced by the method, and a method for reducing the grassy smell derived from olive leaves in the olive extracted oil obtained from olive fruits and olive leaves.SOLUTION: The method for producing olive extracted oil includes: a fermentation step for crushing (a) olive fruits in coexistence with (b) olive leaves in the amount more than 5 mass% but not more than 30 mass% based on the total mass of the olive fruits and leaves after fermentation with lactic acid, or fermenting (a) and (b) with lactic acid during the crushing, or fermenting (a) and (b) with lactic acid after the crushing; and an extraction step for extracting oil from the pasty product obtained in the fermentation step.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing olive extract oil obtained from olive fruits and olive leaves, an olive extract oil produced by the production method, and a blue odor derived from olive leaves in olive extract oil obtained from olive fruits and olive leaves. It relates to a method of reducing.

Olive extract oil obtained from olive fruit is a vegetable oil containing various active ingredients such as oleic acid, provitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin K, polyphenols, etc. In particular, an inhibitory effect on cancer development based on vitamins K and polyphenols and an effect of promoting bone formation based on provitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin K have been reported. In addition, olive extract oil obtained from olive fruit has skin beautifying effects such as reducing skin roughness, keeping the skin healthy, moisturizing the skin, protecting the skin, and preventing the skin from drying. Formulated in medicines.
On the other hand, olive leaves have vitamin A at a much higher content than olive fruits, and are rich in antioxidants such as vitamin E and chlorophyll with anti-inflammatory, anti-odor and antibacterial effects. Despite being included, it was not necessarily fully utilized.

  The method for producing olive extract oil obtained from olive fruit is improved to improve the yield and obtain as much oil as possible from olive, and the yield is 25-30%. Chemical extraction methods that achieve this have been developed. In these methods, in the case of the chemical extraction method, it is necessary to remove and purify the organic solvent added at the time of production by means such as distillation, but at this time, the active ingredients contained in the olive extract oil are also removed. There is a fear. Moreover, the heating performed in the refinement | purification of olive extract oil changes the cis-fatty acid which is effective in the improvement of a health condition into trans-fatty acid, and has reduced the usefulness of olive extract oil.

  In recent years, as the active ingredients contained in olive extract oil obtained from olive fruits have become clear, emphasis has been placed on producing olive extract oil without modifying the active ingredients. A method for producing olive extract oil suitable for this purpose is cold squeezing, and olive fruit is mechanically crushed and compressed without preheating at normal temperature to obtain olive extract oil. It manages so that the temperature in a pressing machine may not exceed 60-75 degreeC especially also in a pressing process. The olive extract oil thus produced contains the above-mentioned active ingredients that are not modified and does not change with respect to fatty acids.

  In addition, as a method for producing olive extract oil suitable as frying fats and oils, (a) olive residue oil obtained by solvent extraction of olive fruit residue remaining after collecting olive extract oil, and olive fruit compressed (B) separating and removing the adsorbent to decolorize the mixed oil, and (c) removing odorous substances from the decolored mixed oil by distillation means. The manufacturing method which consists of this is reported (for example, refer Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2000-96077). The olive extract oil obtained by the above production method has improved heat stability, oxidation stability and storage stability, and can be preferably used for frying.

JP 2000-96077 A

The excellent ingredients such as vitamin A, vitamin E and chlorophyll contained in olive leaves are efficiently incorporated into the resulting extract oil by grinding and extracting olive fruits and olive leaves together, so only olive fruits Compared to the olive extract oil obtained from the above, an extract oil containing a large amount of excellent components such as vitamin A, vitamin E and chlorophyll in a natural form can be obtained.
Naturally, if the ratio of olive leaves is increased, the content of excellent components such as vitamin A, vitamin E and chlorophyll contained in the extracted oil can be increased accordingly.
However, as the proportion of olive leaves is increased, the odor that was not felt much, especially the blue odor of olive leaves, becomes stronger with a small amount of addition, and this is a problem when used as a component in cosmetics, foods, pharmaceuticals, etc. It turned out that it becomes.
Therefore, the present invention is derived from olive leaves to such an extent that even if they are used in a large amount, for example, more than 5% by mass of the total mass, they are not problematic when used as ingredients of cosmetics, foods, pharmaceuticals, etc. Method for producing olive extract oil capable of reducing odor (blue odor), olive extract oil containing an excellent component such as vitamin A, vitamin E and chlorophyll obtained by the method, and olive Reduces the odor (blue odor) derived from olive leaves to the extent that it does not pose a problem when used as a component in cosmetics, foods, pharmaceuticals, etc. It is an object to provide a method for doing this.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present invention is a method for producing olive extract oil comprising crushing olive fruit and a large amount of olive leaves to separate the oil, and fermenting under certain conditions. Surprisingly, the odor of olive leaves, especially the blue odor of olive leaves, was reduced, and the blue odor derived from olive leaves was thereby suppressed. Excellent vitamin A, vitamin E, chlorophyll, etc. The inventors have found that an olive extract oil containing an effective component at a high content can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.

Therefore, the present invention
(1)
a) olive fruits, and b) based on the total mass of the olive fruits, together with olive leaves in an amount of more than 5% by mass and not more than 30% by mass,
Fermentation step of pulverizing after lactic acid fermentation, lactic acid fermentation during pulverization, or lactic acid fermentation after pulverization,
An extraction step of extracting oil from the obtained paste-like material,
A method for producing olive extract oil,
(2)
A mixture of olive leaves in an amount of more than 5% by mass and not more than 30% by mass based on the total mass of a) olive fruit and b) said olive fruit is pulverized after lactic acid fermentation or during pulverization Fermentation process for lactic acid fermentation or lactic acid fermentation after crushing,
An extraction step of extracting oil from the obtained paste-like material,
A method for producing olive extract oil,
(3) The method according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the lactic acid fermentation is performed by immersing olive fruits and olive leaves in brine.
(4) The method according to (3), wherein the salt water has a salt concentration of 1 to 10%,
(5) Olive extract oil containing 100 ppm or more of chlorophyll, produced by the method according to any one of (1) to (4) above,
(6) In producing olive extract oil by subjecting olive fruit or pulverized product thereof to lactic acid fermentation and extracting oil from the obtained paste-like product,
Based on the total mass with the olive fruit, the olive leaf in an amount exceeding 5% by mass and 30% by mass or less or a pulverized product thereof are lactic acid-fermented together in the presence of the olive fruit. , A method for reducing the blue odor derived from olive leaves in olive extract oil,
About.

According to the production method of the present invention, an olive extract oil containing a high content of components having excellent effects such as vitamin A, vitamin E and chlorophyll with reduced blue odor derived from olive leaves can be easily obtained. .
The obtained olive extract oil can be effectively used as a component of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, foods, etc. having excellent performance.
Further, when obtaining olive extract oil from olive fruits and olive leaves by the method for reducing the blue odor derived from olive leaves in the olive extract oil of the present invention, the extract oil obtained even when a large amount of olive leaves is used The blue odor derived from olive leaves in can be easily reduced.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for producing olive extract according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus used for fermentation in Example 1.

The present invention will be described in more detail.
The method for producing olive extract oil of the present invention comprises:
a) olive fruits, and b) based on the total mass of the olive fruits, together with olive leaves in an amount of more than 5% by mass and not more than 30% by mass,
Fermentation step of pulverizing after lactic acid fermentation, lactic acid fermentation during pulverization, or lactic acid fermentation after pulverization,
And an extraction step of extracting oil from the obtained paste.

As olive fruits that can be used in the production method of the present invention, various varieties of olive fruits that can be harvested can be used.
Specific olive fruit varieties that can be used in the present invention include, for example, Amellenque, Arbequina, Ascolana Terena, Ascolano, Azapa, and Barnea. , Barouni, Biancolilla, Bidh El Hamman, Blancheta, Caillet Blane, Carolea, Cayonne, Chemilali, Titoni (Chitoni), Cipressino, Coratina, Cornicabra, Correggiola, Cucco, Gigante di Cerignola, Frantoio, app ), Gordal, Hardy's Mammoth , Hojiblanca, Itrana, Jumbo Kalamata, Kalamata, Koroneiki, Leccino, Leccio del Corno, Liani, Lucca, Lucques, Manzanilla, Manzanillo, Maurino, Michellenque, Mission, Moraiolo, Nabali Mohassan, Nab Mohassan Nab Tamri, Negral, Nevadillo Blanco
Blanco, Nocellara del Belice, Obbliza, Oblonga, Paragon, Pendolino, Picual, Redding picholine, Reduna ( Redounan, Saurin (Saurin leaf), Saurin (Saurin leaf), Saurin (Saurin leaf), Sevillano, Solani, South Australian Verdale, St. Catherin ), Taggiasca, Tanche, Tiny Oil Kalamata, Tsunati, Verdale, Wagga Verdale, Zarza, Oliver, FS17 , Etc.
Each of these varieties has different average mass and oil content, and suitable uses such as fruit processing seeds, oil seeds, combined use seeds, etc., but in the method for producing olive extract oil of the present invention, any varieties Of olive fruit can also be used.
The above-mentioned olive fruit can be used alone, but can also be used as a mixture of two or more.
Further, the harvest time of olive fruits is preferably around December when olive fruits contain a large amount of oil in an area in the northern hemisphere such as Japan, and it is preferable to use ripe olive fruits.

As olive leaves that can be used in the production method of the present invention, those of the same variety as the olive fruit to be used are usually used, but they may be of different varieties.
In addition, one or two or more of the various varieties of olives shown above can be mixed and used.
The amount of olive leaves used is an amount that exceeds 5% by mass and is 30% by mass or less based on the total mass of olive fruits and olive leaves.
Preferably, the amount is more than 10% by mass and 20% by mass or less.

The fermentation step in the production method of the present invention is achieved by pulverizing olive fruit and olive leaves together after lactic acid fermentation, lactic acid fermentation during pulverization, or lactic acid fermentation after pulverization. The
It can also be achieved by pulverizing a mixture of olive fruits and olive leaves after lactic acid fermentation, lactic acid fermentation during pulverization, or lactic acid fermentation after pulverization.
Specifically, lactic acid fermentation is performed, for example, by immersing olive fruits and olive leaves in a fermentation vessel filled with salt water and leaving them for a certain period of time, soaking olive fruits and olive leaves in salt water. Gradually the olive fruits and olive leaves ferment to lactic acid and proceed to spoilage.
In addition, after pulverizing olive fruits and olive leaves as a fermentation process, lactic acid fermentation similar to the above can be performed, and fermentation is completed after pulverizing olive fruits and olive leaves during the above fermentation process. You can also continue until you do.
And the blue odor derived from olive leaf can be reduced by this fermentation process.

The time required for fermentation varies depending on the size of olive fruit, the oil content of olive fruit, the amount of olive leaves, the temperature of fermentation, the presence or absence of salt water, and its concentration.
In particular, when the concentration of salt water is high, the rate of fermentation progresses slowly, and in extreme cases, fermentation does not proceed. On the other hand, when the concentration of salt water is low, the rate of fermentation progresses quickly, so the concentration of salt water is controlled appropriately. It is preferable. However, even when fermentation is performed in normal water without using salt water, the present invention does not result in spoilage in a considerable time, and the management of the fermentation process is simpler.
The end point of the fermentation can be confirmed by the sense of smell, and the fermentation is terminated when the blue smell of the olive leaf is felt light. In the fermentation in salt water, the olive fruit is kept in a tight state, so that the appearance of the olive fruit is hardly changed and it is difficult to visually determine the end point of the fermentation. Fermentation is usually carried out in salt water having a concentration of 1 to 10%, preferably 3 to 5%, particularly 4%. For example, when fermentation is carried out in 4% saline, the time required for fermentation is usually 2 to 10 days. It will be about.
Moreover, although the container made from resin, for example, a container made from polyethylene, a polypropylene, a polystyrene, etc. can be employ | adopted for a fermentation container, since there exists a possibility that various bacteria may mix, a wooden container is not preferable.

After fermentation is complete, the olive fruit and olive leaves are washed to remove salt from the saline and then ground. The pulverization can be performed by a usual method, and the olive fruit and olive leaf are made into a paste-like material by the pulverization.
However, when lactic acid fermentation is performed during pulverization and lactic acid fermentation is performed after pulverization, it is already a paste at the time when the fermentation is completed, and thus there is no need to perform further pulverization.

  Next, solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation are performed on the paste-like material. By this solid-liquid separation, the paste-like material is separated into a solid content and a liquid content, and the liquid content is further separated into water and crude olive extract oil by oil-water separation. When heating is performed using a means such as distillation for separation, the active ingredient contained in the paste-like product may be decomposed. Therefore, the separation is a method that does not involve heating, for example, a centrifugal separation method, a compression method, Perform according to the percolation method.

  The crude olive extract oil thus obtained is filtered to remove impurities, and an olive extract oil is obtained. The filtration is preferably performed by gravity filtration, but in order to shorten the filtration time. You may carry out by pressure filtration.

Next, as an example of a specific manufacturing method, an olive fruit and olive leaf will be described with reference to the drawings in connection with a manufacturing method in the case of pulverizing after lactic acid fermentation together.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the above-described method for producing olive extract oil. Hereafter, each process in the manufacturing method of olive extract oil is demonstrated along FIG.

In the production method of the present invention, first, an olive fruit as a raw material for olive extract oil is harvested.
Next, the harvested olive fruits are selected. The selection is performed for the purpose of preventing the deterioration of the properties of olive extract oil produced by mixing sick fruits and immature fruits. Usually, it is performed by selecting defective fruits by visual inspection and removing them by hand.
Also, olive leaves are harvested and selected separately.
Subsequently, the selected olive fruit and olive leaf are subjected to lactic acid fermentation. The fermentation is performed, for example, by immersing the olive fruit in a fermentation vessel filled with salt water and allowing it to stand for a certain period of time. By immersing the olive fruit in salt water, the olive fruit gradually undergoes lactic acid fermentation, and then decays. Proceed to The blue odor of olive leaves can be weakened by the fermentation. As described above, the production method of the present invention is characterized in that olive fruits are taken out and squeezed at the progress stage of fermentation, while there is no fermentation process related to the production of conventional olive oil. The oil was extracted directly from the fruit.
After fermentation is complete, the olive fruit and olive leaves are washed to remove salt from the saline and then ground. The pulverization can be performed by a usual method, and the olive fruit and olive leaf are made into a paste-like material by pulverization.
Next, solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation are performed on the paste-like material. By this solid-liquid separation, the paste-like material is separated into a solid content and a liquid content, and the liquid content is further separated into water and crude olive extract oil by oil-water separation. When heating is performed using a means such as distillation for separation, the active ingredient contained in the paste-like product may be decomposed. Therefore, the separation is a method that does not involve heating, for example, a centrifugal separation method, a compression method, Perform according to the percolation method.
The crude olive extract oil thus obtained is filtered to remove impurities, and an olive extract oil is obtained. The filtration is preferably performed by gravity filtration, but in order to shorten the filtration time. You may carry out by pressure filtration.

The obtained olive extract oil has little or no blue odor of olive leaves, but rather has a sweet and sour fruit odor. In addition, it is highly permeable to the skin, and when applied to the skin, it is absorbed quickly without stickiness. Furthermore, the antioxidant property is very high, and even if it is left at room temperature or a little high temperature, the oxidation or deterioration of olive oil does not proceed. Furthermore, the olive extract oil obtained above has excellent anti-inflammatory action, deodorization, antibacterial action and the like.
In the above, the example of performing fermentation after selection of olive fruits has been described. However, the fermentation may be performed before the filtration of olive fruits and olive leaves. It can also be fermented or fermented during grinding.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Production of Olive Extract Oil Olive fruit and leaves were fermented using the apparatus shown in FIG.
30kg olive fruit 2 (average fruit mass 2.7g, oil content 18%) harvested and selected in mid-December from mission-type olives and 1.6kg olive leaf 2 'of the same kind, 50L polystyrene A 4% saline solution 5 was poured into the fermentation vessel 1 and all the olive fruits 2 and olive leaves 2 'were completely submerged. After the injection, the fermentation container 1 was covered with a vinyl sheet 3, and the vinyl sheet 3 was fastened to the fermentation container 1 with a rope 4 and fixed. Then, water 6 was further accumulated on the vinyl sheet 3 and a weight was placed thereon and allowed to stand for fermentation.
After 5 days, it was confirmed that the fragrance of the olive fruit changed from olive odor to fruit odor, and the fermentation was terminated at this point.
After the fermentation, olive fruit 2 and olive leaf 2 'are crushed after being washed with water, and the resulting paste-like material is centrifuged to first separate the solid and liquid components. And oil separated. The obtained oil was gravity filtered using a filter paper (manufactured by Advantech) having a pore size of 1.5 μm to obtain 5.1 kg of the desired olive extract oil. The obtained olive extract oil had almost no blue odor derived from olive leaves and had a fruit odor.

Comparative Example 1
Except that no olive leaf was added, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain an olive extract oil.
The components of the olive extract obtained in Example 1 and the olive extract obtained in Comparative Example 1 were compared and summarized in Table 1.

As is clear from Table 1, the olive extract oil obtained in Example 1 is much larger in vitamin A, α-carotene, β-carotene, and total tocopherol than the olive extract oil obtained in Comparative Example 1. It was found to contain (vitamin E) and chlorophyll.
On the other hand, there was almost no difference in fatty acid composition.
From the above, the olive extract oil obtained in Example 1 is expected to be superior in antioxidant action, anti-inflammatory action, deodorization, antibacterial action and the like as compared with the olive extract oil obtained in Comparative Example 1. The

Example 2
Except that the amount of olive leaves in Example 1 was 3.4 kg, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain olive extract oil. The obtained olive extract oil had almost no blue odor derived from olive leaves and had a fruit odor.

Example 3
Except that the amount of olive leaves in Example 1 was changed to 5 kg, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain olive extract oil. The obtained olive extract oil had almost no blue odor derived from olive leaves and had a fruit odor.

Example 4
Except that the amount of olive leaves in Example 1 was 7.5 kg, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain olive extract oil. The obtained olive extract oil had almost no blue odor derived from olive leaves and had a fruit odor.

Example 5
Except that the amount of olive leaves in Example 1 was 9 kg, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain olive extract oil. The obtained olive extract oil had a slight blue odor derived from olive leaves, but was not a problem in practical use.

Comparative Example 2
Except that no fermentation was performed, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain olive extract oil.

Test Example 1: Sensory Evaluation Test Subjects (female) having sensitive skin that is likely to cause makeup rashes were collected, and the olive extract oil obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was once a day for 10 days. It was applied and the skin condition was evaluated.
As a result, since the olive extract oil of Comparative Example 2 was worried about odor, evaluation was stopped midway.
Moreover, when using the olive extract oil obtained in Examples 1-5, compared with the case where the olive extract oil obtained in Comparative Example 1 is used, in all cases, the skin condition is good (presence of rough skin, skin Nose, smoothness, etc.).

1. 1. Fermentation vessel Olive fruit 2 '. Olive leaf3. Vinyl sheet4. Rope 5. Saline solution6. water

Claims (6)

a) olive fruits, and b) based on the total mass of the olive fruits, together with olive leaves in an amount of more than 5% by mass and not more than 30% by mass,
Fermentation step of pulverizing after lactic acid fermentation, lactic acid fermentation during pulverization, or lactic acid fermentation after pulverization,
An extraction step of extracting oil from the obtained paste-like material,
A method for producing olive extract oil. A mixture of olive leaves in an amount of more than 5% by mass and not more than 30% by mass based on the total mass of a) olive fruit and b) said olive fruit is pulverized after lactic acid fermentation or during pulverization Fermentation process for lactic acid fermentation or lactic acid fermentation after crushing,
An extraction step of extracting oil from the obtained paste-like material,
A method for producing olive extract oil. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lactic acid fermentation is performed by immersing olive fruits and olive leaves in salt water. The method according to claim 3, wherein the salt water has a salt concentration of 1 to 10%. An olive extract oil containing 100 ppm or more of chlorophyll produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. In producing olive extract oil by subjecting olive fruit or pulverized product thereof to lactic acid fermentation and extracting oil from the obtained paste-like product,
Based on the total mass with the olive fruit, the olive leaf in an amount exceeding 5% by mass and 30% by mass or less or a pulverized product thereof are lactic acid-fermented together in the presence of the olive fruit. The method of reducing the blue odor derived from the olive leaf in olive extract oil.

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