JP2012024328A - Manhole type toilet for disaster - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manhole type toilet for disaster which is capable of being installed at a desired place without trouble while having an excellent load bearing properties.SOLUTION: The manhole type toilet T for disaster which is embedded under the ground and using when disaster occurs includes: a linear wall 11 integrally molded in concrete; a deck slab 12 provided at the lower end of the linear wall; and a manhole 1 forming an excrement storing space S inside thereof. An inputting port 3 for the excrement is provided above the excrement storing space S.

Description

  The present invention relates to a manhole-type disaster toilet that is laid in advance at an evacuation site and used when a disaster occurs.

  Due to disasters such as earthquakes and floods, toilet functions such as flushing may become unusable due to deterioration of facility functions such as buildings and residences and damage to water and sewage systems in the lifeline. At that time, emergency toilets will be constructed in disaster prevention parks, etc. to protect the health and hygiene of evacuated residents and local residents immediately after the disaster.

  Conventionally, as an emergency toilet like this, a toilet box is constructed by connecting a plurality of normal box culvert products with a manhole cover at the opening of the top plate to the lawn of the disaster prevention park, and closing both ends with a closed plate. In addition, there is one (conventional example 1) in which a toilet is installed instead of a manhole cover when used.

  In addition, a vinyl chloride pipe with a diameter of about 300mm, which is directly connected to the existing sewer pipe buried underground, is raised to the ground surface, and a sewage lid is installed at the opening (sewer sewer direct flow type). There is one (conventional example 2) in which a toilet is installed and used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Furthermore, the necessary number of FRP toilet tanks that are independent in the basement and a manhole cover installed on the ground surface as the lid of the FRP toilet tank (independent toilet tank system) is buried, and when used, the manhole cover There is one (conventional example 3) which uses and installs a toilet bowl.

  In the case of Conventional Example 1, a plurality of box culverts having the necessary capacity calculated according to the target number of persons are connected. These box culverts can be installed under a road in a disaster prevention park because they can handle the load of a large vehicle. For this reason, use with a wheelchair is also possible. However, in the case of the conventional example 1, it was difficult to clean the stool because the waste in the toilet bowl could not be collected simply by providing an opening in the top plate of a normal box culvert.

  In the case of Conventional Example 2, a necessary number of toilets are installed only at the upper part of an existing sewer pipe. Since this form is not a draw-up type, cleaning after use is easy and there is no problem with hygiene, but a warehouse for storing necessary materials such as toilet tents and toilets that protect the privacy during use is separate from the existing sewer pipes. It is necessary to add to. Also, it cannot be used if the sewer pipe is damaged due to an underground disaster. Furthermore, there is a problem that many of these cannot be installed around the disaster prevention park. Moreover, in the case of Conventional Example 2, since it cannot cope with the load of a large vehicle, it is installed in a green zone, and as a result, it is difficult to use with a wheelchair.

  In the case of Conventional Example 3, a necessary number of toilet bowls are excavated and embedded in the disaster prevention park. With this, it is possible to store toilet tents for protecting privacy during use and necessary stockpile materials such as toilets in the FRP toilet. However, since the FRP toilet bowl is lightweight, when the groundwater level rises or liquefaction of the ground occurs during a disaster, the toilet bowl may float and cannot be used. Furthermore, FRP toilets cannot handle the load of a large vehicle and are installed in a green zone, making it difficult to use with a wheelchair. In addition, although the odor in the tank is stagnant, no specific measures have been taken so far to suppress the odor, which makes the user uncomfortable.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-337397

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-described circumstances, and is to provide a manhole-type disaster toilet that is excellent in at least load resistance and can be installed in a desired place without any trouble.

  That is, the manhole-type disaster toilet of the present invention is a manhole-type disaster toilet that is buried in the ground and used in the event of a disaster. A bottom plate provided at the lower end and a manhole for forming a manure storage space is provided inside, and an input port for manure input is provided above the manure storage space.

  If it is such, since the manhole which is the product conventionally used for the maintenance of the surface of a sewer is utilized, it will be excellent in earthquake resistance, watertightness, and load resistance. Moreover, since this disaster toilet is a manhole type with a straight wall integrally formed of concrete, it has an independent toilet tank made of concrete and does not require an existing sewer pipe, etc. By having it, it can be installed under a road in a disaster prevention park, and can be installed without a problem at a desired location.

  As the input port, a manhole cover that can be opened and closed on a manhole cover that is covered above the urine storage space, or a toilet that is attached instead of a manhole cover that is attached above the urine storage space The formed can be mentioned.

  As a manhole, there is one in which the straight wall and the bottom plate are integrally formed of concrete.

  In order to make it easier to draw after use, it is preferable that the bottom plate is provided with a pit for collecting manure.

  Examples of the straight wall include a cylindrical shape and a rectangular shape.

  As a specific configuration of the manhole, there may be mentioned one having an inclined wall continuous to the upper end of the straight wall.

  If the bottom plate is provided with a projecting portion that extends outward from the straight wall in plan view, it is stably held in the ground even when the ground becomes unstable during an earthquake. It will be a thing. In particular, when the ground is liquefied or the like, if the projecting portion has a through-hole penetrating vertically, it is possible to suitably suppress the lifting.

  In order to provide a comfortable use for the user at the time of a disaster, a net for preventing splashing of urine is arranged in the urine storage space, or a deodorant for deodorization is arranged in the urine storage space. Is preferred.

  In order to improve the maintainability after use, it is desirable that the bottom plate is coated with a resin paint.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a manhole-type disaster toilet that is excellent in load resistance and can be installed in a desired location without any problems.

The top view which shows one Embodiment (1st embodiment) of this invention. The AA line sectional view in FIG. 1 which shows the same embodiment. The top view which shows the aspect at the time of use in the embodiment. The BB line sectional view in Drawing 3 showing the embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment (2nd embodiment). The CC sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 5 which shows the same embodiment. Furthermore, the schematic sectional side view which shows other embodiment (3rd embodiment). Furthermore, the schematic sectional side view which shows other embodiment (4th embodiment). Furthermore, the schematic sectional side view which shows other embodiment (5th embodiment). The top view which shows other embodiment (6th embodiment). DD sectional drawing in FIG. 10 which shows the same embodiment. Furthermore, the schematic sectional side view which shows other embodiment (7th embodiment). Furthermore, the schematic sectional side view which shows other embodiment (8th embodiment).

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “first embodiment” for convenience of description) will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 show the state when not in use (the state where there is no disaster or the like and is not used), and FIGS. 3 and 4 show the state when the unit is in use (a state where it can be used when a disaster occurs). Shows things. Moreover, in FIG.1 and FIG.3, the ground L is abbreviate | omitted and shown for convenience of explanation, and what added the toilet tent N1 on the ground L as a state at the time of use is shown in FIG.

  The manhole-type disaster toilet T can be used mainly at the time of a disaster. For example, the manhole-type disaster toilet T is embedded in advance in a ground such as a planting place of an evacuation place or a road. And it is used for the use of the evacuees etc. who are users only for a fixed period after a disaster occurs until normal life infrastructure is restored.

  The disaster toilet T includes a straight wall 11 integrally formed of concrete, a bottom plate 12 provided at the lower end of the straight wall 11, and an inclined wall 13 continuous to the upper end of the straight wall 11. 11, the bottom plate 12 and the inclined wall 13 are mainly composed of a manhole 1 that forms a manure storage space S for storing manure.

  The manhole 1 is made of precast concrete that forms a stool for storing manure, and is formed by connecting the straight wall 11, the bottom plate 12, and the inclined wall 13 with bolts or the like in the vertical direction.

  The straight wall 11 has a cylindrical shape made of precast concrete. The lower end portion of the straight wall 11 is tightly connected to the upper surface portion in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the bottom slab 12 through a sealant (not shown) or the like so as to prevent water from entering.

  The bottom plate 12 is made of precast concrete, has a circular shape in plan view, and an outer peripheral edge 121 slightly extends outward from the outer surface 111 of the straight wall 11. The upper surface 122 of the bottom plate 12 is coated by applying a resin paint (not shown) in order to improve maintenance after use.

  The slant wall 13 is made of precast concrete and extends upward continuously from the upper end of the straight wall 11 and is formed so that its opening width gradually decreases upward. A circular opening K is formed at the upper end of the inclined wall 13, and the manhole cover 2 is provided on the opening edge 131 of the circular opening K via the adjustment ring R. The oblique wall 13 extends obliquely upward from the upper end of the straight wall 11, and a part of the opening edge 131 of the oblique wall 13 is positioned substantially vertically above a part of the opening edge 112 of the straight wall 11 in plan view. It is set to be. In this way, an operator can easily access the inside during maintenance. For example, a ladder (not shown) or the like can be installed when necessary, and generally a footrest metal is installed.

  The lower end portion of the inclined wall 13 is closely connected to the upper end portion of the straight wall 11 through a sealant (not shown) or the like to prevent water from entering.

  In a region surrounded by the straight wall 11, the bottom plate 12, and the inclined wall 13, a manure storage space S for storing manure is formed. The urine storage space S is set to a size that can be used by about 100 users for about three days in a disaster. Therefore, the input port 3 for the input of manure is provided above the manure storage space S. When not in use, the manure storage space S stores toilet tents N1 for protecting privacy during use, and necessary storage supplies N such as a deodorant 7 and a toilet (not shown) described later. When not in use, the urine storage space S exhibits a function as a stockpiling warehouse for stockpiling the necessary stockpiling materials N.

  In the first embodiment, the input port 3 for the input of manure is formed to be openable and closable on a manhole cover 2 that is covered above the manure storage space S.

  The manhole cover 2 has a circular disk shape made of metal or FRP, and a completely sealed lid having excellent sealing properties is employed to prevent rainwater or the like from entering the inside. The manhole cover 2 includes a lid main body 21 in which a charging port 3 for pouring urine is formed at the center during use, and closes the charging port 3 when not in use and is detached from the lid main body 21 during use. And a lid 22. Although the disaster toilet T is embedded in the ground, more specifically, it is embedded in the surface LS of the ground L so that the upper surface of the manhole cover 2 is substantially flush.

  The disaster toilet T configured as described above is set up in a state where the user can use it when a disaster occurs. That is, first, the manhole cover 2 positioned substantially flush with the surface LS of the ground L is removed from the manhole 1, and then the necessary storage goods N such as the toilet tent N1 stored in the manure storage space S are taken out. Thereafter, the inner lid 22 is removed, and the lid body 21 in which the insertion port 3 is formed is attached to the manhole 1. And the toilet tent N1 for partitioning a toilet space and protecting a user's privacy around the insertion port 3 is established. Further, an opening edge cover (not shown) is attached to the opening edge of the insertion port 3 for the purpose of preventing the user from feeling a sense of fear visually.

  Therefore, the disaster toilet T is returned to the state before use after being used for a certain period. That is, the urine collected in the urine storage space S is pumped, and then cleaning is performed. After that, by storing the necessary reserve material N in the urine storage space S again, the state before use is restored.

  Thus, the disaster toilet T according to the first embodiment is a so-called single-type toilet that is occupied by only one user at the time of use by the manhole 1 formed using precast concrete. Is building. For this reason, since it applies the product conventionally used for the surface maintenance of the sewer, it will be excellent in earthquake resistance, water tightness, and load resistance. In addition, the disaster toilet T is not configured to be connected to a sewer pipe extending in the left-right direction, in other words, equipped with an independent flushing-type toilet tank, and is structurally excellent in earthquake resistance, It can be used without problems even during a disaster.

  Further, since the manhole 1 is made of concrete and has a constant weight, the manhole 1 is stably installed in the ground. For this reason, even when the ground is liquefied due to an earthquake or the like, the occurrence of lifting can be suitably suppressed.

  Since the manhole 1 is made of concrete, it has a robust structure that can accommodate large vehicles and can be installed under a road in a disaster prevention park. In other words, it has load resistance to a large vehicle such as a fire truck, and can be installed under a road in a disaster prevention park and can also be used by a wheelchair user. More specifically, the emergency toilet T according to the first embodiment can be installed not only in the green zone in the disaster prevention park but also in the park road without any trouble. Will spread significantly.

  Since the manhole cover 2 uses a completely sealed lid, it is possible to completely prevent rainwater and groundwater from entering the toilet tank, and the toilet bowl can be used as planned.

  Since the bottom plate 12 in the stool is coated with the resin paint, cleaning of the stool after use can be performed more efficiently.

  The present invention is not limited to that shown in the first embodiment described in detail above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, the shape of the bottom plate constituting the manhole is not limited to the first embodiment described above.

  Here, what is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are a plan view and a side sectional view (both in a non-use state) for explaining the bottom plate 12a in the disaster toilet T2 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 5, the ground L is omitted for convenience of explanation. In the description of the second embodiment to the eighth embodiment described below, the same reference numerals are used for the same or equivalent components as those of the first embodiment described above, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the bottom plate 12 a includes an overhang portion 123 that extends outward from the straight wall 11 in a plan view. With such a configuration, even when the ground L is liquefied due to an earthquake or the like, or the groundwater level in the ground L rises, the overhanging portion 123 restricts the vertical movement of the manhole 1 in the ground L. Thus, the lifting of the manhole 1 can be more reliably suppressed.

  Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a plurality of through holes 124 penetrating in the vertical direction are formed in the overhanging portion 123 of the bottom plate 12a. With such a configuration, liquefied soil, groundwater, or the like can be passed through the plurality of through holes 124 provided in the overhanging portion 123, and the manhole 1 can be further prevented from rising.

  In the first embodiment, the straight wall and the bottom plate are separated from each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode.

  Here, what is shown in FIG. 7 is a side sectional view (state when not in use) of the toilet T3 for disaster that is the third embodiment. In this, the straight wall 11b and the bottom plate 12b are integrally formed of concrete. In such a case, the watertightness is improved and the workability is improved by the structure of the concrete integral molding.

  In the first embodiment, the bottom plate has a substantially flat plate shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode. For example, various measures that are convenient for picking up manure may be taken.

  Here, in FIG.8 and FIG.9, the toilet T4 for disasters which is 4th embodiment (all are the states at the time of use) is shown. That is, in what is shown in FIG.8 and FIG.9, the pit P for picking up manure is provided in the lower part of the toilet bowl, specifically the bottom plate 12. FIG. If this is the case, the bottom plate 12 can have the pits P. In other words, the bottom plate 12 is provided with a recess that is convenient when pumping urine and pumping work is made more efficient. Will be able to do.

  More specifically, what is shown in each figure will be described. In FIG. 8, the top surface 122 of the bottom plate 12 is positioned so that the tip of the unillustrated excretion pump is positioned near the substantially central portion of the top surface 122 of the bottom plate 12. The base plate 125 for forming the pits P is provided so as to avoid the central portion of the bottom plate 12. The platen 125 is set to a size such that the outer peripheral surface 125 a abuts the inner peripheral surface 113 of the straight wall 11. The platen 125 is formed so that its height dimension increases toward the outside in a side sectional view. For this reason, the vicinity of the lower center of the stool has a concave shape that is convenient for collecting urine.

  FIG. 9 shows another embodiment for forming the pit P2. That is, in the disaster toilet T5 that is the fifth embodiment, the bottom plate 12c is formed with a through hole 126 that penetrates in the vertical direction in the center. And the pit member PB in which the pit P2 was formed in the center part of the upper surface side is attached to the lower surface of the bottom plate 12c having the through hole 126. The pit member PB is a bottomed hole having an opening substantially corresponding to the opening edge of the through hole 126 of the bottom plate 12b, that is, a recessed portion formed such that the opening width gradually decreases toward the lower side. A pit P2 is provided. For this reason, the vicinity of the lower center of the stool has a concave shape that is convenient for collecting urine. The pit P2 is coated with a resin paint as necessary.

  In the first embodiment, the straight wall is cylindrical, but is not limited thereto.

  10 and 11 are a plan view and a side sectional view (both in use) of a disaster toilet T6 according to the sixth embodiment. In FIG. 10, the toilet tent N1 and the ground L are omitted. In this structure, the straight wall 11d does not have a communication hole on the side, has a substantially square cylindrical shape, and forms a manhole 1a having a bowl shape as a whole. A substantially rectangular top plate 14 made of precast concrete is attached to the upper end of the straight wall 11d. Moreover, the opening K2 which can install the manhole cover 2 is formed in two right and left places of this top plate 14. FIG. If it is such a thing, since the square-shaped manhole which is an existing product is applied, workability | operativity will improve. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, while realizing a compact urn shape as a whole, the two users have realized a form that can be used at the same time while maintaining privacy. The disaster toilet T6 for two persons provided can be installed relatively easily. In addition, as shown with an imaginary line in FIG. 11, in the state of non-use, since it can accommodate two or more stockpile supplies N, it is excellent in the function as a stockpile warehouse. In the sixth embodiment, since the straight wall 11d and the bottom plate 12d are integrally formed of concrete, the watertightness is improved and the workability is also improved.

  In 1st embodiment, although the means for suppressing a user's discomfort was not taken in the manhole 1, the means for suppressing a user's discomfort suitably may be taken suitably. Of course.

  Although what is shown in FIG. 12 has shown the toilet T7 for disaster which is 7th embodiment (state at the time of use), this thing has the net | network 6 for preventing the splash of manure in the manure storage space S. Arranged. As shown in FIG. 12, the net 6 is attached to the inner peripheral surface 113 of the straight wall 11 facing the net 6 so as to be provided in a region where the user's manure can pass in the manure storage space S. Specifically, it is constructed between the inner peripheral surfaces 113 of the straight wall 11 facing each other by an appropriate method. The net 6 is preferably one having a mesh of about 10 cm square, but is not limited to this, and nets 6 having various sizes can be used. If it is such, the splash of manure at the time of use will be suppressed suitably, and a user's discomfort can be reduced. The net 6 is stored in the urine storage space S as the necessary reserve material N described above when not in use.

  Moreover, what is shown in FIG. 13 shows the toilet T8 for disaster which is the eighth embodiment (in use state), but in this, a deodorant 7 for deodorizing is disposed in the urine storage space S. ing. As shown in FIG. 13, the deodorant 7 is attached to the inner surface of the slant wall 13 in the manhole 1 to suppress odors in the urine storage space S and reduce user discomfort during use. To be able to. More specifically, the deodorant 7 is of a box type, and can exhibit a deodorizing function by removing the packaging film during use. The deodorant 7 is hooked on a bolt V provided on the inner surface of the inclined wall 13 and is suspended in the manure storage space S. If it is such, the deodorizer 7 can reduce the discomfort of the user at the time of use by reducing and suppressing the odor of manure. The deodorizing material 7 is stored in the urine storage space S as the necessary reserve material N described above when not in use.

  In the first embodiment, the manhole cover 2 is provided with an input port for manure input, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to this mode. For example, an input port for urine input may be formed in a toilet bowl that is attached instead of a manhole cover that is attached above the urine storage space.

  Needless to say, the present invention may be configured by appropriately combining the configurations of the first to eighth embodiments described above.

  In addition, the specific configuration of each part is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 (1a) ... Manhole 2 ... Manhole cover 3 ... Slot 6 ... Net 7 ... Deodorant 11 (11b, 11d) ... Straight wall 12 (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) ... Bottom plate 13 ... Slanted wall 14 ... Top plate DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Lid main body 22 ... Inner lid 111 ... Outer surface 113 ... Inner peripheral surface 121 ... Outer peripheral edge 122 ... Upper surface 123 ... Overhang part 124 ... Through-hole 125 ... Base plate 126 ... Through-hole K (K2) ... Opening L ... Ground LS ... Surface N ... Necessary stocks N1 ... Toilet tent P (P2) ... Pit PB ... Pit member R ... Adjusting ring S ... Manure storage space T (T2-T8) ... Disaster toilet V ... Bolt

Claims (13)

It is a manhole-type disaster toilet that is buried in the ground and used in the event of a disaster.
A manhole for forming a manure storage space is provided with a straight wall integrally formed of concrete and a bottom plate provided at the lower end of the straight wall, and an input for manure input is provided above the manure storage space. A manhole-type toilet for disasters characterized by a mouth.   The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, wherein the input port is formed to be openable and closable on a manhole cover that is covered above the manure storage space.   The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, wherein the input port is formed in a toilet bowl that is attached instead of a manhole cover that is covered above the manure storage space.   4. The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, wherein the straight wall and the bottom plate are integrally formed of concrete.   5. The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, wherein a pit for collecting human waste is provided on the bottom plate.   The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the straight wall has a cylindrical shape.   The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, further comprising an inclined wall continuous with an upper end of the straight wall.   6. The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, wherein the straight wall has a rectangular tube shape.   The manhole-type disaster use according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the bottom plate is provided with an overhanging portion extending outward from the straight wall in plan view. toilet.   The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 9, wherein the projecting portion has a through-hole penetrating vertically.   The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, wherein a net for preventing splashing of urine is arranged in the urine storage space.   The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11, wherein a deodorizing agent for deodorizing is disposed in the urine storage space.   The manhole-type disaster toilet according to claim 1, wherein the bottom plate is coated with a resin paint.

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