JP2012020829A - Elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elevator device that eliminates the need for a counter weight and achieves space saving of a hoistway, without complicating the roping for elevating a car 1.SOLUTION: In the device, the car 1 is moved up by winding a main rope 4 with a winding drum 14 using a kinetic energy of a flywheel 8 rotated as an energy storage unit. Contrarily, when the car 1 is moved down, the flywheel 8 as the energy storage unit is rotated to store energy as the kinetic energy using a potential energy by the gravity of the car 1. By using such a mechanism, the counter weight is eliminated or is made compact and lightweight.

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus having an improved drive configuration.

  In conventional elevators, a counterweight is attached to the opposite side of the car via a rope so as to balance the weight of the car and half the weight of the rated load. However, by using such a counterweight, it is necessary to secure a passage space for the counterweight in the hoistway.

  If the counterweight is not required, the counterweight guide rail is also unnecessary, so that the space in the hoistway can be greatly reduced. Even in the case of using a counterweight, if the counterweight can be made smaller and lighter than in the past, the space in the hoistway can be reduced in comparison with the conventional case.

  Thus, as an elevator that does not require a counterweight, that is, a so-called counterweightless elevator, for example, a combination of a turning pulley in a hoistway and a turning pulley on a passenger car has been proposed as disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  However, this technique has problems such as complicated roping.

JP-T-2006-513842

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator that does not require a counterweight and can be miniaturized without complicating the winding of a rope.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mechanism is used that uses the kinetic energy accumulated in the energy accumulating means to raise a car that is wound around one end of the rope with a winding drum and hung on the other end of the rope.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a flywheel is used as the energy storage means, and a mechanism for winding up one end of the rope with a winding drum using the kinetic energy of the rotated flywheel to raise the car is used. ing.

  In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as a mechanism for rotating the winding drum, the flywheel is rotated by a motor or the like only at the time of the first start in advance, and the rotation is transmitted to the winding drum via a gear. Rotate the winding drum in the direction of winding the rope in the form of assisting the electric hoisting machine.

  On the other hand, when lowering the car, the rope is pulled out of the winding drum by the potential energy due to the gravity of the car, and the winding drum is rotated and transmitted to the flywheel via gears. Store as kinetic energy on the wheel.

Here, the use of a flywheel instead of the conventional counterweight will be described in terms of energy. For example, an elevator with a car weight M _C = 800 kg, a rated load capacity M _L = 600 kg, a counterweight mass M _W = M _C + 0.5 × M _L = 1100 kg, a stroke ST = 10 m, and the counterweight on the top floor is The potential energy E ₁ we have is
E ₁ = M _W × g × ST = 1100 × 9.8 × 10 = 107800 (J)
Next, assuming that the rotational speed of the flywheel is reduced to 1/10 with a gear reducer and the winding drum for winding the rope of the elevator with the rated speed V = 1.75 m / s is rotated, the radius R = 0. The kinetic energy E ₂ that the flywheel made of steel (density ρ = 7850 kg / m ³ ) having a width of 5 m and a width L = 0.25 m has during rotation is obtained.

First, the flywheel mass _{M F,}
M _F = ρ × π × R ² × L = 7850 × 3.14 × 0.5 ² × 0.25 = 1540 (kg)
The moment of inertia _{I F} of the flywheel,
_{I F = (1/2) × M} F × R 2 = (1/2) × 1540 × 0.5 2 = 193 (kgm 2)
Kinetic energy _{E 2} of the flywheel,
E ₂ = (1/2) × I _F × ω ² = (1/2) × 193 × ((1.75 / 0.5) × 10) ² = 118213 (J)
Since E ₂ can be made equal to E ₁ , the kinetic energy generated by the rotation of the flywheel can be used instead of the conventional counterweight in order to raise the elevator car.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the counterweight is unnecessary, or can be made smaller and lighter than the conventional one.

  In addition, when the counterweight is not required, a guide rail for guiding it is not necessary, so that an elevator that saves space in the hoistway can be realized.

1 shows an embodiment of an elevator apparatus according to the present invention, and is an overall schematic configuration diagram viewed from the back side of a car entrance. FIG. It is the whole schematic block diagram similarly seen from the side of the entrance of a car. It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the drive mechanism below the elevator apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the apparatus at the time of the raising of the passenger car by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the apparatus at the time of the car stop by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the apparatus at the time of the passenger car descending by one Embodiment of this invention. It is the whole schematic block diagram seen from the side of the entrance of a passenger car when a counterweight is miniaturized as an elevator apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of an elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 and 2 show an embodiment of an elevator apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram viewed from the back side of a car entrance, and FIG. 2 is also viewed from a side surface of the car entrance. It is a whole schematic block diagram.

  One end of the main rope 4 is attached to the car 1 provided with the guide device 2 that moves along the guide rail 3 in the hoistway, and the other end of the main rope 4 is wound around the sheave 6 and the curving wheel 7. 14 and the main rope 4 can be wound up. The sheave 6 is rotationally driven by the electric hoist 5 and can move the car 1 up and down as in the conventional case.

  A winding drum shaft 15 is fastened to the winding drum 14, and a rotational force coupling / cut-off clutch 16 is attached to one end of the shaft so that the torque transmission to the transmission shaft 17 can be switched smoothly. It has become. That is, a magnetic fluid clutch or the like is used. A transmission shaft mounting gear 18 for forward rotation of a winding drum and a transmission shaft mounting gear 19 for winding reverse rotation are fastened to the transmission shaft 17 at the tip of the torque coupling / breaking clutch 16. The transmission shaft mounting gear 18 for forward winding rotation is meshed with the flywheel shaft mounting gear 11 for forward winding rotation, and the transmission shaft mounting gear 19 for reverse winding rotation is engaged with the intermediate gear 13 for reverse winding rotation. The rotation is transmitted to the flywheel shaft mounting gear 10 for reversing the winding drum. The flywheel shaft 9 that is fastened to the flywheel 8 is not fastened to the forward winding flywheel shaft mounting gear 11 and the reverse winding flywheel shaft mounting gear 10. The other gear has a structure that can rotate independently.

  Here, the winding drum forward / reverse rotation switching clutch 12 that can move in the longitudinal direction of the flywheel shaft 9 and rotates in synchronization with the shaft 9 is connected to the flywheel shaft mounting gear 11 for forward winding forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the winding drum. By meshing with either of the flywheel shaft mounting gears 10, the rotation direction of the winding drum 14 when the flywheel 8 rotates in one direction can be switched between normal rotation and reverse rotation. .

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a detailed configuration of a drive mechanism below the FIG. 1 of the elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, a starter motor 8a for rotating the flywheel 8 in advance only at the time of initial start and a starter roller 8b for driving the flywheel 8 to friction are shown.

  Here, the operation of the elevator apparatus of the present embodiment when the car 1 is raised, stopped, and lowered will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.

  First, the operation when the car is raised will be described with reference to FIG. When ascending, the winding drum forward / reverse rotation switching clutch 12 is engaged with the winding drum forward rotation flywheel shaft mounting gear 11 and the torque transmission / cutoff clutch 16 is opened. Therefore, the rotation of the flywheel 8 that has been rotated in advance is the flywheel shaft 9⇒winding drum forward / reverse rotation switching clutch 12⇒winding drum forward rotation flywheel shaft mounting gear 11⇒winding drum forward rotation transmission shaft mounting gear 18 ⇒Transmission shaft 17 ⇒Transmission to the right side of the torque transmission / breaking clutch 16

  In this state, the rotational force transmission / cut-off clutch 16 is gradually excited by the start command in the upward direction with respect to the elevator to smoothly transmit the rotational force to the winding drum shaft 15, and the main rope 4 is transmitted by the winding drum 14. And the elevator car 1 starts to rise. At the same time, the drive of the elevator by the electric hoisting machine 5 is also started, and by the speed control by the electric hoisting machine 5, smooth speed control according to the speed command is performed.

  Next, the operation when the car is stopped will be described with reference to FIG. When stopping, the winding drum forward / reverse switching clutch 12 is not engaged with any gear, and the rotational force transmission / cutoff clutch 16 is also opened for safety. In this way, the flywheel 8 is allowed to rotate freely with its own inertia.

  Next, the operation when the car is lowered will be described with reference to FIG. Prior to the descent, the winding drum forward / reverse rotation switching clutch 12 is engaged with the winding drum reverse rotation flywheel shaft mounting gear 10 and the torque transmission / cutoff clutch 16 is opened. In this state, when an elevator start command is given to the elevator, the electromagnetic brake provided in the electric hoist 5 is released, and the car 1 starts to descend by speed control by the electric hoist 5. . At the same time, when the rotational force transmission / cut-off clutch 16 is gradually excited, the main rope 4 wound around the winding drum 14 is pulled upward and the winding drum 14 rotates as the car 1 descends due to the weight. Of course, the rotational speed depends on the speed control by the electric hoist 5.

  At this time, since the intermediate cylinder 13 for reversing the winding drum is used, the rotational direction of the flywheel 8 continues to rotate in the same direction as when the car is raised, and can be stored as rotational kinetic energy of the flywheel 8. it can.

  FIG. 7 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of the elevator apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention as seen from the side of the entrance of the car when the counterweight is downsized. As shown in the figure, even when the counterweight 20 guided by the counterweight guide device 21 is provided on the counterweight guide rail 22, the counterweight 20 can be made small and light.

  In these embodiments, the case of an elevator having an electric hoist 5 in the machine room with 1: 1 roping is taken as an example, but the roping can be applied to other roping cases such as 2: 1 roping, The present invention can also be applied to a machine room-less elevator having an electric hoist in the hoistway.

  In the present invention, the energy storage means is not limited to the flywheel, and various forms can be adopted. For example, a secondary battery, an inverter connected to the secondary battery, and an AC motor connected to the inverter can be provided, and the AC motor can be connected instead of the flywheel. In this way, it is possible to control the exchange of energy between the secondary battery and the elevator drive system by controlling the inverter. As in the above-described embodiment, a counterweight is unnecessary, or conventionally Can also be made small and light.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ride car, 2 ... Guide apparatus, 3 ... Guide rail, 4 ... Main rope, 5 ... Electric hoist, 6 ... Sheave, 7 ... Warpage, 8 ... Flywheel (energy storage means), 8a ... Flywheel Start motor, 8b ... Flywheel start roller, 9 ... Flywheel shaft, 10 ... Flywheel shaft mounting gear for reversing the winding drum, 11 ... Flywheel shaft mounting gear for normal winding rotation, 12 ... Switching forward / reverse rotation of winding drum Clutch, 13 ... intermediate gear for reversing the winding drum, 14 ... winding drum, 15 ... winding drum shaft, 16 ... rotational force cutoff clutch, 17 ... transmission shaft, 18 ... transmission shaft mounting gear for forward winding drum rotation, 19 ... winding drum Transmission shaft mounting gear for reverse rotation, 20 ... counterweight, 21 ... counterweight guide device, 22 ... counterweight guide rail.

Claims (8)

In an elevator apparatus equipped with a car that is suspended by a rope while being guided by a guide rail in the hoistway,
A winding drum that raises the car by winding the rope;
An elevator apparatus comprising: energy storage means; and energy transmission means for transmitting kinetic energy stored in the energy storage means to the winding drum.   In Claim 1, The said cage was suspended from the end of the said rope, and it comprised so that the other end of the said rope might be wound around the said winding drum via the sheave arrange | positioned at the top part of the hoistway. Elevator device.   3. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an electric hoist that drives the sheave; and speed control means that controls the speed of the electric hoist.   The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit includes a flywheel.   5. The elevator apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the energy storage means includes a gear and a clutch between the flywheel and the winding drum.   6. The energy storage unit according to claim 5, wherein the energy storage unit includes an operation direction switching unit that switches a combination of gears of the gear that transmits a rotational force by using the clutch. An elevator apparatus characterized in that the direction of rotation of the wheel is one direction.   4. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage means includes a secondary battery, an inverter connected to the secondary battery, and an AC electric motor connected to the inverter. .   8. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein kinetic energy when the car is lowered is stored in the energy storage means.

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